Search

Telmatoblechnum, with the species Telmatoblechnum serrulatum (Blechnaceae), is recorded for the first time for the Uruguayan flora. The species, so far known from southern Brazil and Northeastern Argentina as its southernmost distribution limit, was collected for the first time in crevices between rocks of basalt and sandstone in a small hill in Uruguay (Rivera). Its morphological characteristics and the novel habitat for the species are included; photographs, a map with the location of the new record, as well as a key to the genera of Blechnaceae in Uruguay are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global warming, coupled with habitat destruction and human activity, are accelerating the rates of species extinction worldwide. Species-extinction risk assessment using the IUCN Red List categories, together with the study of the spatial patterns of biodiversity, are fundamental approaches for identifying conservation priorities and targeting government decisions to mitigate impacts on biodiversity. Here, we analyzed the geographic distribution of Argentinean species of Brassicaceae using species point distributional data. In this way, we classified species following the IUCN threat categories at a regional level, and analyzed patterns of richness, endemism, and threat on the different ecoregions and biomes of the country. In addition, we also explored differences in elevation, annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, and aridity between endemic vs. non-endemic and threatened vs. non-threatened species. The results showed that of the 162 Argentinean taxa, 58 species were here categorized as threatened (VU, EN, or CR) (36%). However, when only endemics are considered, more than half of these (33 spp, 57%) are threatened. Although species inhabit all environments and biogeographic regions of the country, arid to semi-arid areas, which are associated to the Andes and the Patagonian steppe, contained most of the species. Specifically, the Central Andean Puna and the Patagonian steppe ecoregions included the greatest number of species, endemics, and threatened species. Furthermore, different hotspots of richness, endemism, and threat were detected along Andean regions and the Patagonian steppe, and endemics were characterized by inhabiting on average drier areas than non-endemic native species. An up-to-date species list, including conservation status, distribution maps for all species, hotspots of richness, endemism, and threat, are also provided. This work seeks to contribute to the knowledge on geographical patterns of the Argentinean flora and its conservation, complementing the information published in the Flora of Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rúgolo de Agrasar recognized two varieties of Deyeuxia velutina (D. velutina var. velutina and D. velutina var. nardifolia) based on leaf sheath indumentum, lemma length, and leaf blade direction. However, taxonomic delimitation has been difficult due to occasional overlapping characters. To assess the infraspecific delimitation of D. velutina, we present a comprehensive study combining morphometric analyses and a potential distribution model. To explore morphological variation and select diagnostic characters, we measured 124 morphological characters in 52 specimens of both varieties and performed a principal coordinate analysis and univariate analyses (Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test). Both taxa resolved as separate morphological groups. Additionally, a Discriminant Analysis was performed to classify the individuals in the predetermined morphological groups. For modeling the species distribution, 26 specimens of D. velutina var. nardifolia and 68 of D. velutina var. velutina were georeferenced and 20 environmental variables were analyzed through a Maximum Entropy model. Deyeuxia velutina extends in the high Andean region from Peru to southern Argentina and Chile. Both varieties differed in their geographical limits, a result supported by regression analyses of latitude and longitude on the principal coordinates of the PCoA. Deyeuxia velutina var. nardifolia is restricted to the northern area of distribution while D. velutina var. velutina showed a higher habitat suitability in the southern region. Moreover, D. velutina var. nardifolia is here reported for the first time in San Juan province (Argentina), constituting the austral limit of its geographical distribution. Additional reliable morphological characters were considered in an updated key to the varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salvia is the biggest genus from Lamiceae, with almost 900 species. In Argentina it is represented by 23 taxa (20 species, one subspecies, and two varieties), four of these are adventive taxa, the rest are native, and one of these is endemic. Species are distributed predominantly in the north region of the territory, reaching the provinces of La Pampa and Mendoza as the southern limit of its distribution. Each of the 23 Salvia taxa present in Argentina is described and illustrated, and a key for their identification is presented. Three new synonyms are proposed, Salvia borjensis new synonym of Salvia nervosa, Salvia durifolia new synonym of Salvia ovalifolia var. ovalifolia and Salvia alba new synonym of Salvia personata, and ten lectotypes are designated for: Salvia approximata, S. arenaria, S. ovalifolia var. villosa, S. pallida, S. procurrens, S. reflexa, S. serrata, S. stachydifolia, S. uliginosa, and Salvia sect. Pycnosphace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Azorella is a genus with 26 species of Azorelloideae (Apiaceae) that grow from Costa Rica to the subantartic islands, being distintive and dominant in different environments of the Andean Cordilleras from Venezuela to Patagonia. The species of Azorella that grow in Argentina have been revised taxonomically in a previous study. However, knowledge of the remaining species is fragmentary and uneven. The aim of this paper is to update and standardize the information of the 11 species of Azorella absent in Argentina and present in Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and/or Venezuela. We provide descriptions for those species and update distributional maps, and we solve nomenclatural and typification problems for 41 names, designating 2 type species, 16 lectotypes and 1 neotype. In addition, we provide 10 new illustrations, and an identification key for all the species of the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on morphological, anatomical, and phylogenetic studies within subfamily Allioideae, a new circumscription of tribe Leucocoryneae is presented including six American genera: Beauverdia, Ipheion, Leucocoryne, Nothoscordum, Tristagma and Zoellnerallium. A synopsis of tribe Leucocoryneae, comprising its description (as amended), a key to tribes, a key to genera within Leucocoryneae, genera descriptions and their geographical distribution are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steereella lilliana is reported as a new record for the bryophyte flora in Argentina and South America. Furthermore, the distribution of Frullania brasiliensis in Argentina, previously known only from Misiones and Salta, is expanded to the provinces of Tucumán and Córdoba. Additionally, Stephaniella paraphyllina, is new to the province of San Luis, collected in Sierra de Comechingones, and this represents its southernmost distribution. Brief comments about morphological characters, keys to related species in Argentina, as well as habitat details are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rare and narrowly endemic species are more vulnerable to extinction due to their restricted geographical distribution. the genus Petunia has 14 species and most of them are endemic to a restricted area. Four Petunia species that grow in Southern Brazil were studied: P. bonjardinensis, P. reitzii, P. integrifolia subsp. depauperata, and P. exserta. We presented a preliminary study on the genetic diversity of five populations of Petunia, using allozyme markers. For the genetic analyses, allozyme electrophoresis was carried out and eight enzyme systems were reliably scored. Standard measures of allozyme diversity were calculated. The highest genetic diversity and the highest fixation index was found in the two studied populations of P. bonjardinensis (P = 90, Âp = 2.2 and 1.9, Ĥe = 0.33 and 0.30, F = 0.31 and 0.27); this species occurs in small isolated patches, that may restrict gene flow among populations. Petunia reitzii showed the second highest genetic diversity values (P = 78, Âp = 1.78, Ĥe = 0.28), and Petunia integri-folia subsp. depauperata showed moderate values (P = 40, Âp = 1.4 and Ĥe = 0.11). Petunia exserta did not show any polymorphic locus. Our results show the urgency of preserving the studied population of P. exserta that did not show any allozyme variation and occurs in a very particular and threatened habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A taxonomic treatment of the genus Diplolepis is here presented. Based on molecular and biogeographical information recently published, this group is monophyletic and its geographical distribution is restricted to southwestern South America. The study comprised the analysis of herbarium specimens including nomenclatural types, supplemented with collections and observation of species in the field. This paper describes the variation in the morphology of the genus, including habit, stems, leaves, inflorescence, calyx, corolla, corona, gynostegium, pollinia, fruits and seeds. The morphological and distributional differences between Diplolepis and related genera are discussed. A key to differentiate the species of the genus is here given. Within each species we provide the valid name, synonyms, description of vegetative and reproductive morphological characters, geographical distribution, ecology, uses, common names, phenology, iconography and specimens examined. A lectotype is designated for D. viridis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morphological variation in vegetative and reproductive structures of Bauhinia mollis (var. mollis and var. notophila) and B. argentinensis (var. argentinensis and var. megasiphon) were studied. This detailed morphological study enabled us to correctly identify herbarium specimens and expand the geographic distribution of the taxa. New records of B. mollis var. mollis for Argentina and B. argentinensis var. argentinensis and B. argentinensis var. megasiphon for Bolivia, the latter considered endemic to Argentina, are here confirmed. Lectotypes were designated for Bauhinia mollis, B. mollis var guaranitica and B. appendiculata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of the Lycopodiaceae from Argentina and Uruguay, based on the study of relevant collections from herbaria as well as literature, is presented, according to the new classification of 16 genera grouped into three subfamilies. The family is represented by nine genera and 23 species; all taxa are described and at least one species of each subfamily is illustrated; one species (Huperzia saururoides) is lectotypified and three new synonyms are proposed: Austrolycopodium assurgens under Austrolycopodium erectum, Lycopodium sanctae-barbarae under Phlegmariurus saururus and Urostachys selago var. aschersonianus under Huperzia saururoides. Lycopodiella alopecuroides and Phlegmariurus subulatus are excluded from the studied area. Keys for all taxa are provided, as well as the relevant synonyms and a synthesis of the ecology and distribution. The most diverse genera are Phlegmariurus (seven species) and Austrolycopodium (five species). In Argentina, the family is represented by 22 species distributed in the three subfamilies. The northwestern region is the richest area of the country, with nine species. In Uruguay the family is represented by the subfamily Lycopodielloideae, with four species belonging to the genera Lycopodiella (two species), Palhinhaea (one species) and Pseudolycopodiella, represented by Pseudolycopodiella meridionalis. The latter, Palhinhaea camporum, and Huperzia fuegiana s. str. are new records for Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the most recent phylogenetic analyses of Gavilea, an updated taxonomic revision is presented here. A new combination, Gavilea chica, is proposed following the current monophyletic circums- cription of the genus. This revision includes: 1) the history of the genus, 2) a key to the 17 species of Gavilea, 3) descriptions and illustrations of most species, 4) updated geographical distribution of the species, including the extension of the range of distribution of G. platyantha and G. supralabellata to Río Negro and Tierra del Fuego (Argentina) respectively, 5) nomenclatural observations and, 6) a complete and updated list of synonyms for every species. Five lectotypes (Asarca araucana, G. australis, A. patagonica, G. supralabellata, and G. wittei) are also designated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guadua tagoara subsp. tagoara is reported for the first time in Argentina, it is described and illustrated. A map showing its geographical distribution in South America and a key to the species and subspecies in Argentina are also provided. A lectotype for Bambusa distorta is here designated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Miconia petropolitana is reported for the first time for the Argentinean flora and a lectotipification for this species is proposed. The species is described and illustrated and a map with the geographical distribution is provided. Miconia elegans is excluded from Argentina and an identification key for the species is included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The species in the Sporobolus indicus complex are analyzed for Argentina. Sporobolus indicus var. indicus and S. indicus var. andinus are recognized for Argentina based on significant value differences in culms height and inflorescence length, and the altitude of collection area. The var. andinus is a new record for the Argentinean flora and it is here illustrated. Sporobolus jacquemontii is excluded from Argentina and S. minor is considered as a synonymy of S. indicus var. indicus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first collection of the mistletoe Phoradendron argentinum (Viscaceae) for the Brazilian flora is reported. A brief description, a key including the taxonomically closest species, photographs and a distribution map of the species are given. Lectotype of P. argentinum is here designated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new record for the Argentinean flora, Samanea tubulosa, is described and illustrated. The specimens were collected in Oran, Salta Province, Argentina, in the "Selvas Pedemontanas" district of the "Yungas" phytogeographic province. Comments on the systematic position of the species and related genera are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peperomia nitida and P. armondii (Piperaceae, subgen. Rhyncophorum) are recorded for the first time for the Argentinean flora in the province of Misiones. The species are described and illustrated, and their geographical distributions are updated. A key to distinguish the Argentinean species of subgen. Rhyncophorum is included, and P. elongata is excluded from the Argentinean Flora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Diastatea (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) is recorded for the first time for Argentina in antropic enviroments of the Yungas phytogeographic province (Jujuy), between 1,100 and 2,000 m. We describe and illustrate D. micrantha, the only species collected up to now, including a key to discern it from Lobelia xalapensis, its closest taxon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most recent studies about the genus Tabebuia and Handroanthus recognize two and six native species in Argentina, and one exotic cultivated species of Handroanthus in urban streets. Nevertheless, the genera are not completely understood, because some taxonomic conflicts are mentioned for the NWof Argentina (NWA). New collections made in Salta and Jujuy, and the revision of an important number of herbarium samples have confirmed a very high variability among the populations of the NWA region, and the subsistence of conflictive situations that prevented the correct identification of the species. Consequently, we considered it was necessary to make the revision of the genus analizing comprehensive material including all the phenological phases, in order to study most characters of every plant organ (young leaves, mature leaves, inflorescences, flowers, fruits and seeds). Our results indicate that the number of native taxa of Handroanthus is seven, including a new variety, and two of Tabebuia. Besides, another cultivated species of Tabebuia was identified, so there are two exotic taxa. All the entities are described, as well as the extant variability of native populations, and their distribution ranges in Argentina are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first complete, floristic analysis of the Asteraceae family from an extense, endangered, subtropical area of Argentina, covered by the Misiones Province. This study reports 88 genera, 345 species and 16 infraspecific taxa of Asteraceae from the two phytogeographic units of Misiones Province: "Selvas Mixtas" District, and "de los Campos" District. Nine species are recorded for first time, and 23 are included as probable records for this area. This paper includes keys for tribes, genera, species and infraspecific taxa, as well as a short discussion about distribution of tribes, genera and habits in relation to political departments or phytogeographic districts. Habit, status, distribution, habitat, vernacular names, uses, and vouchers are given for every taxon. Thirty two taxa are illustrated for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we aimed at testing two hypothesis about the biogeography of South America: (1) the existence of a marked discontinuity in the Andes of central Peru that separates the floras of northern and southern South America and (2) the occurrence of a more or less continuous semi-deciduous forest in South America during the Pleistocene. We conducted a search for different sources of published information on the flora (inventories) of 19 dry regions in South America as well as one region in Central America and another in North America. In order to analyze the data, we employed ordination and classification techniques, which give a more objective picture of the phytogeographical relationships. Additionally, we evaluated similarity scores between the regions. We found 1,421 woody and herbaceous genera for the 21 regions. These regions form two groups: one mostly in northern South America and the other one restricted to the southern half of the hemisphere. Within the latter, further subdivisions are discernible. Almost all the northern group is made up of tall, deciduous and semi-deciduous forest types. The southern group regions mainly range from very dry forests to desert scrub. Our results support the existence of a floristic discontinuity in relation to the drier flora of the Andes. The southern flora (from southern Peru to northern Argentina and Chile) constitutes a floristic group quite different from that of northern South America. The Chaco region, although more floristically related to the southern group, seems to constitute the connecting link between these northern and southern floras. Within the flora of southern South America, the coastal desert seems to be the connection between hot and cold semi-deserts. Our data also support the hypothesis of the existence of pleistocenic lowland forests in most parts of South America which, however, probably extended up to Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitaria cuatrecasasii, a new species from Honduras, Panamá, Colombia and Venezuela, is described and illustrated. The taxonomic position of D. cuatrecasasii is discussed, and its inclusion in sect. Leianthae is proposed. A comparative table and some remarks about the related taxa are included. Digitaria californica var. villosissima, D. corynotricha, D. curvinervis, D. fragilis and D. sacchariflora are reported for the first time for Colombia. Digitaria aequiglumis var. aequiglumis, D. argillacea var. nulliseta, D. ciliaris var. rhachiseta, D. costaricensis, D. eriantha, D. filiformis var. laeviglumis, D. lehmanniana var. dasyantha, D. parva, D. sacchariflora and D. ternata are cited for the first time for Venezuela. Digitaria cardenasiana and D. villiculmis are here sinonimized under D. corynotricha, and D. aequatorienis under D. pittieri. The following new records for countries are included as follows: D. argillacea var. argillacea for Perú, D. argillacea var. nulliseta for Guatemala, D. curvinervis for Ecuador and México, D. eriantha for Ecuador, D. fragilis for Nicaragua and Panamá, D. lehmanniana var. lehmanniana for Cuba and D. leucites for México. This paper includes synonymy, iconography, geographical distribution and ecology, vernacular names, specimens examined; a key for the identification of taxa is also given. Eleven species are illustrated for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vicia macrograminea is confirmed for Argentina precisions about V. epetiolaris, V. graminea var. transiens and V. stenophylla are given. The geographical distribution of V. graminea is extended, and a new variety, Vicia epetiolaris var. microcarpa, is proposed. Also, the presence of V. andicola and V. setifolia in northwestern Argentina is confirmed. A key and illustrations to differentiate all studied species are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Materials from Argentina of adventitious species of Viola were examined and four species were confirmed: V. arvensis, V. metajaponica, V. odorata and V. tricolor. V. metajaponica is lectotypified, and the identity of V. japonica is discussed. A key to identify the species, their descriptions, illustrations, ecology and geographic distribution are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyrtopodium kleinii and C. brandonianum subsp. lageanum (Cyrtopodiinae, Cymbidieae, Orchidaceae) from southern Brazil are described and illustrated. Cyrtopodium kleinii is similar to a group of terrestrial species characterized by their small pseudobulbs, buried underground, and small flowers, but it can be distinguished by the color of its flowers, lip lateral lobes slightly or not falcate and subequal in length and width, lip midlobe base with little or no constriction, and geographical distribution. Cyrtopodium brandonianum subsp. lageanum is similar in general flower color to typical C. brandonianum, but it can be distinguished by its earlier flowering, leaves poorly developed at anthesis and different shape and colour of the lip. Both taxa are rare and only known from southern Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Petunia interior and P. guarapuavensis are reported for the first time for the Argentinean flora, and their geographical distributions are updated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes the structure and composition of plant communities from four wetland located in the Copahue Provincial Park (Neuquén Province, Argentina). The study was performed according to the method of the Zürich - Montpellier phytosociological School. Plant communities were distributed along an altitudinal gradient within the inferior montane belt, ranging from 1,400 to 1,800 m, and relationships with the superior montane belt wetlands (1,800 to 2,300 m) were established based on their floristic composition. Four new associations and one subassociation, grouped in the new alliance Juncion lesueurii, arise from the analysis of the syntaxonomical interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cedrela is represented in Argentina by 5 taxa. A new species, Cedrela saltensis, is described and illustrated. A key, descriptions, synonymy, geographical distribution and illustrations of the Argentinian species are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schwartzia is a small genus of 17 species distributed in wet lowland forests or montane cloud forests from Costa Rica to southern Brazil, and also in the Lesser Antilles; it belongs to the Marcgraviaceae, a Neotropical family. Three species are considered in this paper for Brazil and one of these is described as a new species. The three taxa are endemic to Brazil. Each taxon is described; a key to identification of the species as well as information on distribution and ecology are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A detailed floristic inventory as well as a preliminary phytogeographical analysis was conducted in an Andean secondary wet forest of NW of Colombia, in order to know the vascular species richness and the phytogeographical relationships. The floristic inventory revealed the presence of 712 vascular species distributed among 129 families, of which 17 belong to ferns and allies, with 69 species and 30 genera; 18 monocotyledon families, with 153 species and 87 genera, and 94 dicotyledon families, with 490 species and 290 genera. The best-represented plant families are Melastomataceae (36 species), Rubiaceae (36), Orchidaceae (30), Asteraceae (28), Poaceae (28), Piperaceae (24), Araceae (23), Fabaceae (20), Clusiaceae (18), Moraceae (18), Gesneriaceae (17), Mimosaceae (16), Solanaceae (15), Acanthaceae (14), and Polypodiaceae (13). The richest genera are Piper (17 species), Ficus (11), Psychotria (11), Inga (10), Anthurium (9), Miconia (9), Peperomia (7), Asplenium (6), Blechnum (6), Clidemia (6), Costus (6), Mikania (6), Selaginella (6), and Solanum (6). Regarding life forms, herbs are the best represented with 344 species (48,2%), followed by shrubs and trees (291 species, 41%), lianas (62 species, 8,7%), palms (12 species, 1,7%) and by arborescent herbs (3 species, 0,4%). There are 101 epiphytic or hemiepiphytic species belonging to 23 families. The richest families in epiphytes are Orchidaceae (23 species), Araceae (10), Bromeliaceae (8), Piperaceae (7) and Gesneriaceae (6), while the most common epiphytic genera are Peperomia (7 species), Anthurium (6), Telephotos (5), Huperzia (4) and Trichomanes (4). There are 9 endemic species (1,3%). Some of the species collected are new to science or are new records for the flora of NW of South America. Nine species and 3 genera exhibit a disjunct distribution. The analyzed forest is floristically similar to lowland Neotropical forests. The phytogeographic analysis shows that 62,4% of the genera are neotropical, 25,8% are pantropical, 10% are cosmopolitan, 1,8% are holarctic, and that 15 genera have a tropical amphipacific distribution. Nine genera are confined to South America. Although the area studied was strongly modified, only 8 species are introduced or naturalized. The frequency of disturbances, such as fire, grazing, cutting, selective cutting, abandoned cultivat fields, maintains the area at early successional stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paspalum L. has a large number of species with a wide morphological variability and extensive geographical distribution. Species of the genus grow in very diverse habitats, from humid or aquatic environments to dry places with clay or sandy soils, frequently saline. Given the diversity of habitats where the species of Paspalum occur, foliar anatomical characters were studied in order to explain different adaptative strategies. A description of the foliar anatomy of the genus is given, and several characters are discussed in relationship to the habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of the genus Rhipidocladum McClure is confirmed for Argentina, represented by two species. Rhipidocladum neumannii Sulekic, Rúgolo & L.G. Clark sp. nov., found in flowering and vegetative condition in Argentina, in Salta and Tucumán, and Bolivia, is described and illustrated. The presence of R. racemiflorum (Steud.) McClure is documented for the first time for the northwestern region of Salta. Rhipidocladum is described and the differences with the genus Merostachys Spreng. are included in a key. Some remarks about the morphology, flowering, geographical distribution and a doubtful specimen have been made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Marcgraviaceae is a small-sized neotropical family with 8 genera and perhaps 110 species mainly distributed in Colombian Amazonia, Costa Rica, Panama and Andean Colombian and Peruvian montane rain forests. Five genera and 27 species were recorded from Colombian Amazonia, where the most diverse genus was Marcgravia (13 species), followed by Souroubea (6 species), Marcgraviastrum (4 species), Norantea and Ruyschia with 2 species each. Based on a phenetic biogeographical classification, comparisons of diversity, distribution, affinity, and endemism among different Neotropical regions are provided. Although the knowledge of the Marcgraviaceae is still incomplete, some features with regard to their diversity and distribution in the Neotropic begin to emerge: 1. The Marcgraviaceae are more diverse in Western Amazonia, particularly Colombian Amazonia, than other areas (e.g., southern Mexico and southern Brazil); 2. Narrow endemic species appears to be low (ca. 24%); 3. Fifty percent of the Marcgraviaceae have a restricted distribution to a phytogeographical Region level; 4. The distribution of the numerous wide-ranging species are more or less patchy; 5. This family showed its highest endemism in northwestern of South America (Peru and Colombia); 6. The geologic history of the Andes has played an important role in the distribution and evolution of the Marcgraviaceae. For instance, most of the species diversity of several genera tends to be concentrated in Central America (Norantea), the Colombian Andean Region (Marcgraviastrum), or Western Amazonia (Marcgravia), and these areas correspond to areas of different geologic age. The Marcgraviaceae seems to have originated in South America and thus probably migrated to Central America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of Gloxinia gymnostoma Griseb. and Gloxinia nematanthodes (Kuntze) Wiehler for NW Argentina is reviewed. The first, has been previously cited with mixed materials and in consequence, with incorrect delimitation. Geographical distribution, morphological differences and pollen grain characters between both Argentinian entities of Gloxinia, are briefly pointed out. G. gymnostoma is here lectotypified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lichen species Ephebe ocellata Henssen is reported from South America and Lecidea plana (Lahm) Nyl. from Argentina, both for the first time. New localities are reported for the following species: Acarospora schleicheri (Ach.) Massal., Candelariella vitellina (Ehrh.) Muller Arg, Dimerella lutea (Dickson) Trevisan, Lecanora rupicola (L) Zahlbr, Rhizocarpon germinatum Korber y Rhizocarpon grande (Florke ex Flotow) Arnold which widen the knowledge of their geographic distribution. The morpho-anatomical characters and chemical reactions are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taxonomic differences between the genera Diplachne and Leptochloa are here sumarized. A key is included in order to reconize both genera in the area under study The taxonomic treatment includes five species of Diplachne and five species and one variety of Leptochloa and a key for identification. Synonyms, geographic distribution, studied material and illustrations are included. Excluded species are listed at the end of the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Phallales flora of central and west Argentina is revised Six genera and 11 species are recognised, Phallus rubicundus (Bosc) Fr. and Blumenavia rhacodes Moll are new reCORDs for Argentina, and the distribution area of 8 species is enlarged. A taxonomical key to the species is included. Exomorphological and anatomical studies were performed in all species An ontogenetical study was undertaken in Clathrus argentinus Domínguez, Lysurus periphragmoides (Klotzsch) Drign, Itajahya gatericulata Moll. and Phallus rubicundus (Bosc) Fr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the systematic revision of Thelypteris subg. Amauropelta from the 3 South Brazilian states is given and 20 species are described for this region. A brief local history of the taxa is presented. The systematic treatment includes a description of the family, a key for the Brazilian genera of Thelypteridaceae, a description of the subgenus Amauropelta and a key for its taxa Descriptions, regional synonymies, interspecific relations, illustrations, ecology and geographic distribution for all entities are also given A new species and seven new combinations are proposed and many names are cited or applied for the first time for plants of this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thirty samples of honeys were analysed using the techniques proposed by Louveaux et al. (1978); 62 morphological types were identified. From the total, 53 belong to nectar plants and 9 to pollen plants. Nineteen samples had a mixed floral origin and 11 were monofloral from Lotus tenuis Waldst. et Kit. and Eucalyptus L' Hér. The analyses permitted botanic and geographic characterization of the honey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taxonomic survey of Aureliana Sendtner, a small neotropical genus of 5 species: A. fasciculata (Vellozo) Sendt. [with 3 varieties: var. fasciculata, var. tomentella (Sendt.) Barboza et A. T. Hunz. nov. comb., and var. longifolia (Sendt.) A. T. Hunz. et Barboza nov. comb.], A. brasillana (A. T. Hunz.) Barboza et A. T. Hunz. nov. comb., A. tomentosa Sendt., A. velutina Sendt. and A. wettsteiniana (Witas.) A. T. Hunz. et Barboza nov. comb. The 7 taxa grow in Brazil, but 3 of them deserve a special mention: A. fasciculata var. tomentella reaches southeastern Paraguay and Argentina (eastern Misiones); instead A. fasciculata var. longifolia and A. fasciculata var. fasciculata show a rather peculiar distribution because aside of their eastern area, both have been collected in Bolivia (Santa Cruz and Pando). After a discussion on the complicated taxonomical history of the genus, the authors point out its relationships with 6 allied genera of the Solaneae, above all with Capsicum L.; a key to identify these 7 genera is included as well. Each taxon is described together with remarks about their geographical distribution and affinities. Five plates and a map are included in the text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Burkart (1952) cited six species of Inga Miller for Argentina: I. marginata Willd., I. virescens Benth., I. affinis D. C., I. urugüensis Hook. f. et Arn., I. saltensis Burkart and doubtfully I. edulis C.Martius. As consequence of the present study, I. saltensis is transferred from the Sect. Pseudinga to the Sect. Inga (= Euinga Benth.) because of its mature legume. The presence of I. edulis var. parviflora is confirmed, not I. edulis var. edulis. Descriptions, illustrations, observations, keys to the species and maps of geographical distribution are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper the genus Junellia Mold. is accepted as such, and the limits towards related genera defined by means of a key. It is proposed to divide the genus into two subgenera: Junellia (with sections Junellia and Guedesia sect. nov.) and Thryothamnus (Phil.) stat. nov. (with sections Thryothamnus, Verticiflora (Schauer) stat. nov. and Junelliopsis sect. nov.), keys are provided for the identification of the infrageneric taxa here accepted, together with a provisional list of the species included. The type species of both subgenera are illustrated, and available information on karyology and geographical distribution is given, with a map showing the total range of the genus. A SEM study of the external and internal morphology of the mericarps with illustrations of diagnostic characters of the subgenera, and related genera are also included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]