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Electrochemical conversion process can be used to generate power, store energy and synthesize chemicals, which plays a key role in the development of sustainable energy resources. Electrochemical Transformation of Renewable Compounds presents the basic fundamentals of different electrochemical transformations for clean energy and places significant emphasis on the key developments of various electrochemical processes using state-of-the-art materials. Written by electrochemical energy scientists who have worked on the application of electrocatalysis in the environmental and energy area, this book provides comprehensive coverage of main electrochemical transformation processes, including oxygen evolution, hydrogen generation, oxygen reduction, carbon dioxide reduction, nitrogen reduction, methanol oxidation, urea oxidation and ammonia oxidation.

This new 2-volume set offers a comprehensive review of more than 80 medicinal plant species, providing information on the bioactives and pharmacology of these beneficial plants. It describes the structures of the secondary metabolites found in these plants, the functions of these compounds in human and plant biology, and the biosynthesis of these compounds.Each chapter begins with a brief introduction about the species. The chapters then delve into the bioactive phytochemicals from the plant along with its chemical structure. The published literature on pharmacological activities on that species is comprehensively reviewed. A wide array of the biological activities and potential health benefits of the medicinal plant (which include antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties as well as protective effects on liver, kidney, heart and nervous system) are given.Phytochemical Composition and Pharmacy of Medicinal Plants aims to be valuable source book for scientists, researchers, industry professionals, faculty and students for the development of new and effective drugs from medicinal plants.

This collection of research articles and reviews covers the latest work in the design, delivery, dynamic abilities, and immune stimulation of RNA nanoparticles which have driven the utilization of their immunomodulatory properties. The unknown immune properties of nucleic acid nanoparticles have been a major hurdle in their adaptation until the works herein began assessing their structure-activity relationships. This collection chronologically follows the path of investigating the recognition of design components to implementing them into nucleic acid nanostructures. RNA nanotechnology is an emerging platform for therapeutics with increasing clinical relevance as this approach becomes more widely used and approved for the treatment of various diseases. The latest research aims to take advantage of RNA's modular nature for the design of nanostructures which can interact with their environments to communicate programmed messages with intracellular pathways. In doing so, nanoparticles can be used to elicit or elude responses by the immune system as desired in conjunction with their therapeutic applications.

JAK-STAT pathway is one of the few signal transduction pathways that transduce signals involved in multiple homeostatic biological processes including cell differentiation and proliferation, cell death, hematopoiesis and immune responses. JAK-STAT is an elegant pathway that is relatively simple and evolutionary conserved as gene expression is regulated by external parameters. Activated by growth factors or cytokines, this signal transduction cascade regulates the transcription of genes at the nucleus. Mutations and polymorphisms in JAK-STAT pathway are associated with inflammatory diseases and cancers that could impede regular homeostasis. Features: Details activation and microRNA-mediated regulation of JAK-STAT pathway Provides exclusive information about the association of the pathway in various diseases including allergic inflammation, neuro-inflammatory disorder, atopic dermatitis hematopoietic malignancies, cardiovascular disorder, renal disorder, immunodeficiency, liver fibrosis, diabetes and obesity that affect individuals across the globe Clinical relevance of the signaling cascade has been discussed in context of novel class of therapeutics that targets this pathway. An overview of JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the structure-function relationship of different domains of the cascade are discussed. This book provides detailed information on various diseases that are associated with JAK-STAT pathway. It will act as a very good reference book for basic science researchers, academicians, industry professionals involved in translational research leading to product development. This book will excite future professionals towards better understanding of the regulation of this pathway, its association with other signaling cascades to design novel therapeutics.

Millions of patients suffer from end-stage organ failure or tissue loss annually, and the only solution might be organ and/or tissue transplantation. To avoid poor biocompatibility–related problems and donor organ shortage, however, around 20 years ago a new, hybridized method combining cells and biomaterials was introduced as an alternative to whole-organ and tissue transplantation for diseased, failing, or malfunctioning organs—regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This handbook focuses on all aspects of intelligent scaffolds, from basic science to industry to clinical applications. Its 10 parts, illustrated throughout with excellent figures, cover stem cell engineering research, drug delivery systems, nanomaterials and nanodevices, and novel and natural biomaterials. The book can be used by advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students of stem cell and tissue engineering and researchers in macromolecular science, ceramics, metals for biomaterials, nanotechnology, chemistry, biology, and medicine, especially those interested in tissue engineering, stem cell engineering, and regenerative medicine.

The global popularity of herbal supplements and the promise they hold in treating various disease states has caused an unprecedented interest in understanding the molecular basis of the biological activity of traditional remedies. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects focuses on presenting current scientific evidence of biomolecular ef