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The book presents a selection of the most relevant talks given at the 21st MAVI conference, held at the Politecnico di Milano. The first section is dedicated to classroom practices and beliefs regarding those practices, taking a look at prospective or practicing teachers'views of different practices such as decision-making, the roles of explanations, problem-solving, patterning, and the use of play. Of major interest to MAVI participants is the relationship between teachers'professed beliefs and classroom practice, aspects that provide the focus of the second section. Three papers deal with teacher change, which is notoriously difficult, even when the teachers themselves are interested in changing their practice. In turn, the book's third section centers on the undercurrents of teaching and learning mathematics, which can surface in various situations, causing tensions and inconsistencies. The last section of this book takes a look at emerging themes in affect-related research, witha particular focus on attitudes towards assessment. The book offers a valuable resource for all teachers and researchers working in this area.

This book contains the Proceedings of the International Conference on Robot Ethics, held in Lisbon on October 23 and 24, 2015. The conference provided a multidisciplinary forum for discussing central and evolving issues concerning safety and ethics that have arisen in various contexts where robotic technologies are being applied. The papers are intended to promote the formulation of more precise safety standards and ethical frameworks for the rapidly changing field of robotic applications. The conference was held at Pavilhão do Conhecimento/Ciência Viva in Lisbon and brought together leading researchers and industry representatives, promoting a dialogue that combines different perspectives and experiences to arrive at viable solutions for ethical problems in the context of robotics. The conference topics included but were not limited to emerging ethical, safety, legal and societal problems in the following domains:• Service/Social Robots: Robots performing tasks in human environments and involving close human-robot interactions in everyday households; robots for education and entertainment; and robots employed in elderly and other care applications• Mobile Robots: Self-driving vehicles, autonomous aircraft, trains, cars and drones• Robots used in medicine and for therapeutic purposes• Robots used in surveillance and military functions

This volume collects most recent work on the role of technology in mathematics education. It offers fresh insight and understanding of the many ways in which technological resources can improve the teaching and learning of mathematics. The first section of the volume focuses on the question how a proposed mathematical task in a technological environment can influence the acquisition of knowledge and what elements are important to retain in the design of mathematical tasks in computing environments. The use of white smart boards, platforms as Moodle, tablets and smartphones have transformed the way we communicate both inside and outside the mathematics classroom. Therefore the second section discussed how to make efficient use of these resources in the classroom and beyond. The third section addresses how technology modifies the way information is transmitted and how mathematical education has to take into account the new ways of learning through connected networks as well as new ways of teaching. The last section is on the training of teachers in the digital era. The editors of this volume have selected papers from the proceedings of the 65th, 66th and 67th CIEAEM conference, and invited the correspondent authors to contribute to this volume by discussing one of the four important topics. The book continues a series of sourcebooks edited by CIEAEM, the Commission Internationale pour l'Étude et l'Amélioration de l'Enseignement des Mathématiques / International Commission for the Study and Improvement of Mathematics Education.

This book explores theoretical and practical aspects of implementing mobile language learning in university classrooms for English as a Foreign Language in Japan. The technologies utilized, such as smartphones, iPads, and wi-fi, integrate students'hand-held devices into the campus network infrastructure. The pedagogical aims of ubiquitous mobile learning further incorporate social media, blended learning, and flipped classroom approaches into the curriculum. Chapter 1 defines mobile language learning within dimensions of e-learning and technology-assisted language learning, prior to tracing the development of mobile learning in Japan. Chapter 2 documents the sociocultural theory underpinning the authors'humanistic approach to implementation of mobile technologies. The sociocultural pedagogy represents a global consensus of leading educators that also recognizes the agency of Asian learners and brings out their capability for autonomous learning. Case studies of universities, large and small, public and private, are organized similarly in Chapters 3 to 5. Institutional/pedagogical and technological context sections are followed by detailed content on the implementation of initiatives, assessment of effectiveness, and recommendations for other institutions. Distinct from a collection of papers, this monograph tells a story in brief book length about theorizing and realizing mobile language learning, describing pioneering and original initiatives of importance to practitioners in other educational contexts.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th IFIP WG 11.8 World Conference on Security Education, WISE 10, held in Rome, Italy, in May 2017. The 14 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. They represent a cross section of applicable research as well as case studies in security education and are organized in the following topical sections: information security education; teaching information security; information security awareness and culture; and training information security professionals..

This book explores trends in learning and knowledge analytics in open education, as explored in proceedings papers from AECT-LKAOE 2015 International Research Symposium. The chapters investigate various issues surrounding open education in all disciplines, such as learning design in open-ended learning environments, MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), learning analytics studies and applications, and technology and new media. The chapter authors provide guidance for how to design and develop most effective, efficient, and appealing instruction as well as suggesting learning strategies relevant to the open education era.

This volume covers invited papers presented during the La Rábida 2015 International Scientific Meeting on Nuclear Physics, which can be considered heir of a well known series of triennial international summer schools on Nuclear Physics organized from 1982 till 2003 by the Basic Nuclear Physics group in the University of Sevilla. The La Rábida 2015 meeting offered to graduate students and young researchers a broad view of the field of Nuclear Physics. The first invited speaker presented the state-of-the-art of Relativistic Mean Field calculations. The second set of notes covers selected topics in gamma ray spectroscopy with exotic nuclei. The third speaker presented an introduction to the subject of severe accidents in nuclear power plants. In the fourth set of notes, the author illustrated how to use laser spectroscopy to determine very important observables of atomic nuclei. The fifth speaker devoted its notes to explain several aspects of neutrino physics. Finally, the sixth speakerpresented an overview of nuclear medicine and radiodiagnostic. In addition to this, the inclusion of the posters and seminars presented by the students gives a fresh and ample perspective on the many different problems of interest nowadays for the Nuclear Physics community.

This book explores the beneficial impact of pedagogically updated practices and approaches in the teaching of science concepts as well as elaborates on future challenges and emerging issues that address Science and Technology Education. By pointing out new research directions it informs educational practices and bridges the gap between research and practice providing information, ideas and new perspectives. The book also promotes discussions and networking among scientists and stakeholders such as researchers, professors, students and companies developing educational software and ICT tools. The volume presents papers from the First International Conference on “New Developments in Science and Technology Education” (1st NDSTE) that was structured around four main thematic axes Modern Pedagogies in Science and Technology Education, New Technologies in Science and Technology Education, Teaching and Learning in the light of Inquiry learning Methods and Interest, Attitude and Motivation in Science.

This book presents a peer reviewed selection of extended versions of ten original papers that were presented at the 15th International Symposium on Computers in Education (SIIE 2013) held in Viseu, Portugal. The book provide a representative view of current Information and Communications Technology (ICT) educational research approaches in the Ibero-American context as well as internationally. It includes studies that range from elementary to higher education, from traditional to distance learning settings. It considers special needs and other inclusive issues, across a range of disciplines, using multiple and diverse perspectives and technologies to furnish detailed information on the latest trends in ICT and education globally. Design, development and evaluation of educational software; ICT use and evaluation methodologies; social web and collaborative systems; and learning communities are some of the topics covered.

This book is a collection of selected papers presented at the SIGEF conference, held at the Faculty of Economics and Business of the University of Girona (Spain), 06-08 July, 2015.This edition of the conference has been presented with the slogan “Scientific methods for the treatment of uncertainty in social sciences”. There are different ways for dealing with uncertainty in management. The book focuses on soft computing theories and their role in assessing uncertainty in a complex world.It gives a comprehensive overview of quantitative management topics and discusses some of the most recent developments in all the areas of business and management in soft computing including Decision Making, Expert Systems and Forgotten Effects Theory, Forecasting Models, Fuzzy Logic and Fuzzy Sets, Modelling and Simulation Techniques, Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms and Optimization and Control. The book might be of great interest for anyone working in the area of management and business economics and might be especially useful for scientists and graduate students doing research in these fields.

The volume consists of twenty-five chapters selected from among peer-reviewed papers presented at the CELDA (Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age) 2013 Conference held in Fort Worth, Texas, USA, in October 2013 and also from world class scholars in e-learning systems, environments and approaches. The following sub-topics are included: Exploratory Learning Technologies (Part I), e-Learning social web design (Part II), Learner communities through e-Learning implementations (Part III), Collaborative and student-centered e-Learning design (Part IV). E-Learning has been, since its initial stages, a synonym for flexibility. While this dynamic nature has mainly been associated with time and space it is safe to argue that currently it embraces other aspects such as the learners'profile, the scope of subjects that can be taught electronically and the technology it employs. New technologies also widen the range of activities and skills developed in e-Learning. Electronic learning environments have evolved past the exclusive delivery of knowledge. Technology has endowed e-Learning with the possibility of remotely fomenting problem solving skills, critical thinking and team work, by investing in information exchange, collaboration, personalisation and community building.

An essential text for researchers and academics seeking the most comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of all aspects of e-learning and ICT in education, this book is a multidisciplinary forum covering technical, pedagogical, organizational, instructional and policy aspects of the topic. Representing the best peer-reviewed papers from the 8th Panhellenic Conference on ICT in Education, special emphasis is given to applied research relevant to educational practice and guided by the educational realities in schools, colleges, universities and informal learning organizations.The volume encompasses the current trends and issues which determine and inform the integration of ICT in educational practice, including educational software, educational games, collaborative learning, virtual learning environments, social networks, learning analytics, digital museums, as well as the evolution of e-learning.

This book highlights the challenges and potential of educational learning or industry-based training using serious games and social media platforms. In particular, the book addresses applications used in businesses and education-related organizations in Asia, where the framework and experience of serious games have been used to address specific problems in the real world. The topics that will be present in this book includes future of serious games and immersive technologies and their impact on society; online and mobile games; achievement systems in serious games; persuasive technology and games for saving and money management; malware analytics for social networking; serious games for mental health interventions; educational implications of social network games; learning and acquiring subject knowledge using serious games in classrooms. The target audience for this book includes scientists, engineers and practitioners involved in the field of Serious Games. The major part of this book comprises of papers that have been presented at the Serious Games and Social Connect 2012 conference held in Singapore (October 4, 2012). All the contributions have been peer reviewed and by scientific committee members with report about quality, content and originality.

This book presents the state of the art technology in Serious Games which is driven extensive by applications and research in simulation. The topics in this book include: (1) Fashion simulation; (2) Chinese calligraphy ink diffusion simulation; (3) Rehabilitation (4) Long vehicle turning simulation; (5) Marine traffic conflict control; (6) CNC simulation; (7) Special needs education. The book also addresses the fundamental issues in Simulation and Serious Games such as rapid collision detection, game engines or game development platforms. The target audience for this book includes scientists, engineers and practitioners involved in the field of Serious Games and Simulation. The major part of this book comprises of papers presented at the 2012 Asia-Europe Workshop on Serious Games and Simulation held in Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (May 9, 2012). All the contributions have been peer reviewed and by scientific committee members with report about quality, content and originality.

Focuses on the process by which manually crafting interactive, hypertextual maps clarifies one's own understanding, communicates it to others, and enables collective intelligence. The authors see mapping software as visual tools for reading and writing in a networked age. In an information ocean, the challenge is to find meaningful patterns around which we can weave plausible narratives. Maps of concepts, discussions and arguments make the connections between ideas tangible - and critically, disputable. With 22 chapters from leading researchers and practitioners (5 of them new for this edition), the reader will find the current state-of-the-art in the field. Part 1 focuses on knowledge maps for learning and teaching in schools and universities, before Part 2 turns to knowledge maps for information analysis and knowledge management in professional communities, but with many cross-cutting themes: · reflective practitioners documenting the most effective ways to map · conceptual frameworks for evaluating representations · real world case studies showing added value for professionals · more experimental case studies from research and education · visual languages, many of which work on both paper and with software · knowledge cartography software, much of it freely available and open source · visit the companion website for extra resources: books.kmi.open.ac.uk/knowledge-cartography Knowledge Cartography will be of interest to learners, educators, and researchers in all disciplines, as well as policy analysts, scenario planners, knowledge managers and team facilitators. Practitioners will find new perspectives and tools to expand their repertoire, while researchers will find rich enough conceptual grounding for further scholarship.

The book contains 24 research articles related to the emerging research field of Communities and Technologies (C&T). The papers treat subjects such as online communities, communities of practice, Community support systems, Digital Cities, regional communities and the internet, knowledge sharing and communities, civil communities, communities and education and social capital. As a result of a very quality-oriented review process, the work reflects the best of current research and practice in the field of C&T.

Synthetic Worlds, Virtual Worlds, and Alternate Realities are all terms used to describe the phenomenon of computer-based, simulated environments in which users inhabit and interact via avatars. The best-known commercial applications are in the form of electronic gaming, and particularly in massively-multiplayer online role-playing games like World of Warcraft or Second Life. Less known, but possibly more important, is the rapid adoption of platforms in education and business, where Serious Games are being used for training purposes, and even Second Life is being used in many situations that formerly required travel.The editors of this book captures the state of research in the field intended to reflect the rapidly growing yet relatively young market in education and business. The general focus is set on the scientific community but integrates the practical applications for businesses, with papers on information systems, business models, and economics. In six parts, international authors – all experts in their field – discuss the current state-of-the-art of virtual worlds/alternate realities and how the field will develop over the next years. Chapters discuss the influences and impacts in and around virtual worlds. Part four is about education, with a focus on learning environments and experiences, pedagogical models, and the effects on the different roles in the educational sector. The book looks at business models and how companies can participate in virtual worlds while receiving a return on investment, and includes cases and scenarios of integration, from design, implementation to application.

We are pleased to present the ESERA 2001 Conference book, which is based on contributions submitted and presented to the Third International Conference'Science Education Research in the Knowledge Based Society'that was organised by the Department of Primary Education of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and held in Thessaloniki from August 21 to August 26, 2001. The focus of the Conference was to discuss the scope, methods, outcomes and perspectives of research in science education in the context of the rapidly developing knowledge-based society. Some 450 researchers, teachers, and postgraduate students attended the conference. They came mainly from European countries, with a substantial proportion - some 20- from countries outside Europe. While ESERA conferences reflect research carried out in Europe, they are increasingly becoming international events attracting researchers from all over the world. A total of 220 works were presented in guest lectures, symposia, poster workshops, individual papers and poster sessions that took place during the conference along with alternative activities and informal meetings. All these of the Conference (edited by works are already published in the Proceedings D. Psillos, P. Kariotoglou, V.Tselfes, G.Bisdikian, G.Fassoulopoulos, E. Hatzikraniotis, M.Kallery).

In 1976, the first session on the teaching of evaluation was held at an annual meeting of evaluators. A few hardy souls gathered to exchange ideas on improving the teaching of evaluation. At subsequent annual meetings, these informal sessions attracted more and more participants, eager to talk about common teaching interests and to exchange reading lists, syllabuses, assignments, and paper topics. The ses­ sions were irreverent, innovative, lively, and unpredictable. Eventually the group for­ malized itself with the American Evaluation Association as the Topical Interest Group in the Teaching of Evaluation (TIG: TOE). As word of TIG: TOE's activities spread, instructors from all over the country clamored for assistance and advice. It became apparent that a handbook was need­ ed, a practical interdisciplinary guide to the teaching of evaluation. Donna M. Mertens, a long-standing member of TIG: TOE and an accomplished teacher of evaluation, volunteered to edit the book, and her skills, sensitivity, and experience in the craft of teaching are apparent throughout.

This edited volume with selected papers from extinguished experts and professors in the field of learning technology and the related fields who are far-sighted and have his/her own innovative thoughts on the development of learning technology. This book will addresses the main issues concerned with the trend and future development of learning processes, innovative pedagogies changes, effects of new technologies on education, future learning content. Learning technology has been affected by advances in technology development and changes in the field of education. Nowadays we cannot afford to sense the changes and then make adaption to it. What we should do is to predict the changes and make positive and active reactions to help the trend go smoothly and in a more beneficial way. This book aims to gather the newest ideas on the frontiers and future development of learning education from the aspects of learning, pedagogies, and technologies in learning in order to draw a picture of learning education in the near future. ​

This edited volume of papers from the twenty first International Conference on Chemical Education attests to our rapidly changing understanding of the chemistry itself as well as to the potentially enormous material changes in how it might be taught in the future. Covering the full range of appropriate topics, the book features work exploring themes as various as e-learning and innovations in instruction, and micro-scale lab chemistry. In sum, the 29 articles published in these pages focus the reader's attention on ways to raise the quality of chemistry teaching and learning, promoting the public understanding of chemistry, deploying innovative technology in pedagogy practice and research, and the value of chemistry as a tool for highlighting sustainability issues in the global community.Thus the ambitious dual aim achieved in these pages is on the one hand to foster improvements in the leaching and communication of chemistry—whether to students or the public, and secondly to promote advances in our broader understanding of the subject that will have positive knock-on effects on the world's citizens and environment. In doing so, the book addresses (as did the conference) the neglect suffered in the chemistry classroom by issues connected to globalization, even as it outlines ways to bring the subject alive in the classroom through the use of innovative technologies.

F. Lowenthal Universite de l'Etat a Mons 24 rue des Dominicains 7000 Mons Belgium series of'Language and Language Acquisition'conferences The was born in Mons in 1977. One day the Dean said to me:'You are doing research in that field, why don't you try to organize a small conference?'. I thought about it, tried to contact people, received several answers and finally told the Dean:'There will be so many participants and I need so much money to organize the conference'. His answer was a short one:'I told you to organize a SMALL conference'. I do not know what he did, but he succeeded in working a miracle: the funds were found and the conference took place. This miracle has been repeated twice: once in Mons (1980) and once in Ghent (1983). The group of people interested in these conferences has become bigger, but the aim of the organizers is still the same: to bring together people working in different fields such as mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, logic, computer, science, education, psychology, medicine, ••• and to give them the possibility to have long discussions even if the time devoted to the presentation of papers has to be reduced.

Oral Discourse and Education examines spoken language as a field of study, looking at the various ways in which we can both theorise the place of talk in education, and examine the way talk is actually done in educational settings. Given the centrality of literacy-based practices in schools, a book focusing on talk brings quite different and important perspectives to the study of education. Talk is something that has all too often been devalued and taken for granted. What becomes evident throughout the papers included in this volume is that talk is of central importance in establishing identities and the cultures in which those identities are located. However, because we are unused to reflexively examining the way we talk, there is a serious disjuncture between what we believe talk should achieve and what can be seen to be achieved in actual talk in educational settings. Anyone interested in teaching should read this book. Becoming more aware of the centrality of talk and what it achieves is important both for enabling us to find ways to bring our ideals more in line with our practices and for being able to recognise and reflect on the ways our talk can be achieving things quite other than what we intend. This book is relevant to teachers at primary, secondary and tertiary levels and for researchers interested in spoken language in educational contexts.

This volume presents a'photograph'of the state of the art in Science Education Research in Europe as it has emerged from the first ESERA Conference held in Rome in September 1997. The Conference saw the participation of more than 280 researchers from European and some extra European countries distributed as follows U. K. 46 The Netherlands 10 Germany 35 Finland 9 Italy 28 Switzerland 6 Spain 26 Portugal 6 France 18 Israel 5 Sweden Argentina 15 3 Denmark 14 Australia 3 Greece 14 USA 3 Brasil 11 Others 18 Norway TOTAL 11 281 As it can be seen from the table, although the group from U. K. where research in science education has a well established tradition is the most consistent one, quite a large number of researchers has come from Germany and the Scandinavian countries, sign of the increasing attention these countries pay to scientific education at all levels. The presence of researchers from extraeuropean countries has allowed a comparison of experience over a wider basisthan the national one. The themes of research, identified a priori by the organizers as important, were: of the Art in Science Education Research (Biology, - The State Chemistry, Physics and Earth Science) - Science Teaching and Learning - Science, Science Teaching and Society - Teachers'Education and its Cultural Components The Scientific Committee of the Conference decided to publish a selection of the papers presented and we accepted the task of the editing.

Several aspects of informatics curricula and teaching methods at the university level are reported in this volume, including: •Challenges in defining an international curriculum; •The diversity in informatics curricula; •Computing programs for scientists and engineers; •Patterns of curriculum design; •Student interaction; •Teaching of programming; •Peer review in education. This book contains a selection of the papers presented at the Working Conference on Informatics Curricula, Teaching Methods and Best Practice (ICTEM 2002), which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Working Group 3.2, and held in Florianópolis, Brazil in July 2002. The working groups were organized in three parallel tracks. Working Group 1 discussed the'Directions and Challenges in Informatics Education'. The focus of Working Group 2 was'Teaching Programming and Problem Solving'. Working Group 3 discussed'Computing: The Shape of an Evolving Discipline.'

The virtual campus: Trends for higher education and trainingwas the theme of the IFIP Working Conference on which this book is based. lt was a joint event of Working Groups 3.3 and 3.6, Research and distance Education respectively, of IFIP Technical Committee 3 for Education. International dissemination and promotion of cooperation are IFIP aims that we particularly wanted to address. This is why we opened the event to non WG members and have established a virtual forum on the WEB that has been widely visited. The programme for the 27 to 29 November 97 in Madrid included invited speakers from leading institutions in the field, reviewed and selected contributions from an open call for papers, on-site demonstrations of!arge European projects and discussion sessions involving distant and present participants. The event attracted experts from 23 countries. About a hundred persons were involved, from all over the world. The spread and accessibility of information and communication technologies are rapidly changing p!'actices in learning and research activities, both in professional and academic settings. The number, variety and scale of experiences reported in recent publications shows a growing international involvement concerning not only small groups of researchers but also institutions fully committed in that direction.

This Instructor's Manual consists of two parts, each arranged in the order in which the chapters appear in the text. The first part is a collection of over 500 test questions; the second gives answers to the questions in the Student Work­ book. Clearly, the Instructor's Manual should never be shown to students. Great care should be taken to see that no student (except a graduate assistant who needs it for scoring papers) ever gets to borrow it or, worse yet, to'borrow'it. Most of the test questions are multiple choice, but some matehing exercises are also included. Within each chapter, the multiple choice items are givenfirst. The text page on which the answer is found is given in () at the right of the problem. The answer is indicated by a + sign at the left of the correct item alternative. In some items, parts of the item, especially in the wrong alternatives, may not appear untillater chapters. Such questions are clearly labelIed LATER by using LATER in place of a +and should not be used until all the material in them has been covered. They are OK for final examinations and for some rnidterm examinations, but they obviously cannot be used in their present form assoon as their prirnary topic has been covered in class. Tell your typist that when she prepares one of your tests, she should omit +, LATER, the parenthetical page numbers, and, of course, the answers to all matehing items.

As we approach the 21st century, the need to better link research findings and practical applications of advanced educational technologies (AET) continues to be a priority. During the five-year NATO Special Programme on AET, many advanced study institutes and research workshops focused on building bridges between researchers in and users of educational technology. The organizing committee of the final capstone workshop which took place in September 1993 also chose to focus on this theme. Three position papers, written by members of the AET advisory committee, provided the background and platform for the two-day workshop that was designed to provide guidelines for future AET research and implementation projects. Nicolas Balacheff kicked off the workshop with a philosophical review of the research issues and future research agendas. Herman Bouma and his colleagues at the Institute for Perception Research discussed implementation issues and problems of technology transfer from research laboratories to educational product development.

This institute was organized and presented by an international group of scholars interested in the advancement of instructional design automation through theory, research and applied evaluation. Members of the organizing committee included Dr. Klaus Breuer from disce (Germany), Dr. Jose J. Gonzalez from Agder College of Engineering (Norway), Dr. Begofia Gros from the University of Barcelona, Dr. J. Michael Spector from the Armstrong Laboratory (USA). Dr. Gonzalez, co-director of the institute, and the staff of Agder College were directly responsible for the preparation and operation of the institute in Grimstad, Norway. The institute was held on the campus of Agder College of Engineering, July 12-23, 1993. The theme of the institute extended the initial work developed by the presenters at a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Sitges, Spain in 1992. During the two week institute, 21 presentations were made including papers and demonstrations. In addition to the formal presentations, working groups and on-site study groups provided opportunities for the students to participate directly in program activities. An important outcome for the working groups was the formal preparation of their efforts in chapters for this volume.

This book has been written to fIll a substantial gap in the current literature in mathemat­ ical education. Throughout the world, school mathematical curricula have incorporated probability and statistics as new topics. There have been many research papers written on specifIc aspects of teaching, presenting novel and unusual approaches to introducing ideas in the classroom; however, there has been no book giving an overview. Here we have decided to focus on probability, making reference to inferential statistics where appropriate; we have deliberately avoided descriptive statistics as it is a separate area and would have made ideas less coherent and the book excessively long. A general lead has been taken from the fIrst book in this series written by the man who, probably more than everyone else, has established mathematical education as an aca­ demic discipline. However, in his exposition of didactical phenomenology, Freudenthal does not analyze probability. Thus, in this book, we show how probability is able to organize the world of chance and idealized chance phenomena based on its development and applications. In preparing these chapters we and our co-authors have reflected on our own acquisition of probabilistic ideas, analyzed textbooks, and observed and reflect­ ed upon the learning processes involved when children and adults struggle to acquire the relevant concepts.

Based on a selection of the most relevant and high quality research papers from the 2010 Networked Learning Conference, this book is an indispensible resource for all researchers, instructional designers, program managers, and learning technologists interested in the area of Technology Enhanced Learning. The book was an important catalyst for the Springer “Research in Networked Learning” Book Series edited by Vivien Hodgson and David McConnell. Details of the “Research in Networked Learning” Book Series and current titles can be found at http://www.springer.com/series/11810This volume provides information on current trends and advances in research on networked learning, technology enhanced learning, and e-learning. Specifically, it provides cutting edge information in the areas of:Designing and Facilitating Learning in a Networked World Methodologies for Research in Networked Learning Learning in Social Networks Embedding Networked Learning in Public and Private Organizations Problem based Networked Learning Globalization and Multiculturalism in Networked Learning Networked Learning and International Development Participation and Alienation in Networked Learning

This book is based on the workshop that kickstarted the NATO Science Committee Special Programme on Advanced Educational Technology. We invited the leaders in the field to attend this inaugural meeting and were delighted by the quality of the attendance, the papers delivered at the workshop and this book. Many of the authors have subsequently run other meetings funded by the Special Programme and have, or are in the process of, editing books which focus on particular topics. This book covers all the major themes in the area ranging from fundamental theoretical work to empirical studies of state of the art technological innovations. Tim O'Shea chaired the NATO Survey Group which planned the Programme and the subsequent Panel which disbursed funds in the first two years of the Programme. He would like to thank the other group and panel members, namely, Professor N Balacheff, Professor D Bjomer, Professor H Bouma, Professor P C Duchastel, Professor A Dias de Figueiredo, Dr D Jonassen and Professor T Liao. He would like to offer his special thanks to Dr L V da Cunha the NATO Programme Director for his unfailing support and patience. Eileen Scanlon was the Director of the Workshop which is the basis of this book. She offers heartfelt thanks to the contributors and to the following who provided practical help with the meeting or the production of this book: Mrs Pauline Adams, Dr Mike Baker, Mrs Kathy Evans, Mrs Patricia Roe, Mr Dave Perry and Ms Fiona Spensley.

This volume consists of the revised versions I of a selection of papers of the second EDINEB conference, held in Uppsala from 17-19 August 1995. As with the fIrst edition, the conference and these proceedings are rooted in the participant's involvement with'EDucational INnovation in Economics and Business'. The thematic focus is quality audit, quality assessment and quality improvement, all of them collected in the theme'In Search of Quality'. For the fIrst EDINEB conference, which took place in Maastricht, December 1993,'Problem-Based Learning'was chosen as leading theme. The introduction of problem-based learning in the curriculum of any faculty is to be regarded as a major innovation in the educational system. In contrast, the dedication to the search of quality in education resulted in a large variety of case studies and theoretical contributions on educational innovations aiming at increasing the quality of teaching and learning. This contrast between the one major step and the many small steps has been the decisive factor for the editors to compose these proceedings as a kind of allegory of Robert M. Pirsig's famous novel'Zen and the art of Motorcycle Maintenance, an Inquiry into Values'(ZAMM). Of course, on top of the very obvious reason that the conference had been saddled with a theme that is identical to the title that many critics (probably those who aren't so fond of motorcycling) used to rename ZAMM.

Educational technology in the broadest sense is knowledge and competence forimproving the educational process: for using hardware (equipment), software (methods), and'underware'(underlying organizational structures). This volume in the Special Programme on Advanced Educational Technology presents the results of a NATO Advanced Research Workshop on educational systems design as a new educational technology. The objective of the workshop was toadvance our knowledge about the comprehensive systems design approach for improving educational systems. The workshop was organized for the transdisciplinary interaction of three scientific groups representing design science, organizational/systems science, and educationaltechnology. Participants were selected based on their scholarship as members of one or more of these three groups. The book opens with theframing papers sent by the editors to participants prior to the workshop, then presents five sets of thematic contributions: the conceptual and empirical contexts of comprehensive systems design, the systems design focus, a systems view of designing educational systems, the educational context of systems design, and high technology focus in systems design.

What does it me an to be literate? What does it mean to be a cognizing individual? What is the nature of cognizing? These are not new questions. They have been treated as'philosophical puzzles'to be pondered systema­ tically in the hope of some eventual solution. They have also been viewed as sets of'language games'with their own rules to enable the individual to understand the world. These age-old and significant issues gain renewed meaning with our advances in technology and neurosciences. Psychologists and educators would need to be aware of the explicit knowledge needed to prepare their students to be literate individuals. These were some of the questions that a small number of psychologists, educators, and computer scientists attempted to answer when they gathered for the Symposium Literacy and Cognition, which was held at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada from 29th to 31st October, 1987. The occasion also marked the sixtieth anniversary of the College of Education of the University, which had as its beginning the Normal School for the Province of Saskatchewan. We are grateful to the presenters for their presentations and their written papers, and also to our other colleagues from the United States and Sweden for their contributions to the multi­ faceted theme of literacy and cognition. There are many other people whom we would like to thank. These include: Dr. Sylvia Fedoruk, Chancellor of the University and Lieutenant­ Governor of Saskatchewan, for her opening remarks at the Symposium; Dr.

Towards Learning and instruction in Web 3.0, which includes selected expanded papers from CELDA (Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age) 2010 (http://www.celda-conf.org/) addresses the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes, innovative pedagogies, and technology-based educational applications in the digital age. The convergence of these two disciplines continues to increase and in turn, affects the academic and professional spheres in numerous ways. Towards Learning and Instruction in Web 3.0 addresses paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning and collaborative approaches which have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations,virtual reality and multi-agents systems. This volume touches on both technological as well as psychological and pedagogical issues related to the developments of Web 3.0.

Digital gaming is today a significant economic phenomenon as well as being an intrinsic part of a convergent media culture in postmodern societies. Its ubiquity, as well as the sheer volume of hours young people spend gaming, should make it ripe for urgent academic enquiry, yet the subject was a research backwater until the turn of the millennium. Even today, as tens of millions of young people spend their waking hours manipulating avatars and gaming characters on computer screens, the subject is still treated with scepticism in some academic circles. This handbook aims to reflect the relevance and value of studying digital games, now the subject of a growing number of studies, surveys, conferences and publications.As an overview of the current state of research into digital gaming, the 42 papers included in this handbook focus on the social and cultural relevance of gaming. In doing so, they provide an alternative perspective to one-dimensional studies of gaming, whose agendas do not include cultural factors. The contributions, which range from theoretical approaches to empirical studies, cover various topics including analyses of games themselves, the player-game interaction, and the social context of gaming. In addition, the educational aspects of games and gaming are treated in a discrete section. With material on non-commercial gaming trends such as ‘modding', and a multinational group of authors from eleven nations, the handbook is a vital publication demonstrating that new media cultures are far more complex and diverse than commonly assumed in a debate dominated by concerns over violent content.

Since its establishment in the 1950s the American Economic Association's Committee on Economic Education has sought to promote improved instruction in economics and to facilitate this objective by stimulating research on the teaching of economics. These efforts are most apparent in the sessions on economic education that the Committee organizes at the Association's annual meetings. At these sessions economists interested in economic education have opportunities to present new ideas on teaching and research and also to report the findings of their research. The record of this activity can be found in the Proceedings of the American Eco­ nomic Review. The Committee on Economic Education and its members have been actively involved in a variety of other projects. In the early 1960s it organized the National Task Force on Economic Education that spurred the development of economics teaching at the precollege level. This in turn led to the development of a standardized research instrument, a high school test of economic understanding. This was followed later in the 1960s by the preparation of a similar test of understanding college economics. The development of these two instruments greatly facilitated research on the impact of economics instruction, opened the way for application of increasingly sophisticated statistical methods in measuring the impact of economic education, and initiated a steady stream of research papers on a subject that previously had not been explored.

This edited volume with selected expanded papers from CELDA (Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age) 2009 (http://www.celda-conf.org/) addresses the main issues concerned with problem solving, evolving learning processes, innovative pedagogies, and technology-based educational applications in the digital age. There have been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. Paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning and collaborative approaches have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations, virtual reality and multi-agents systems. These developments have created both opportunities and areas of serious concerns. This volume aims to cover both technological as well as pedagogical issues related to these developments.

E-learning and digital entertainment techniques, tools and systems are becoming popular and can be found in many real-world educational applications in many co- tries. The driving force behind these technologies is the rapidly growing requirements of edutainment, especially from the perspective of the users. This has led to the increasing interest of researchers in this area. The articles in this issue give a rich overview of how edutainment technologies can be creatively used for training and education purposes. The first 12 articles of this issue represent a selection of outstanding contributions from Edutainment 2010, the 5th International Conference on E-learning and Games, held in Changchun, China, in August 2010. The main purpose of this event is to faci- tate the discussion, presentation, and information exchange on the scientific and te- nological developments in the emerging field of digital entertainment techniques and systems for education. These 12 papers concentrated on three aspects: e-learning s- tem and applications, game techniques for learning, and virtual reality techniques for entertainment. They are closely related to the topics of this journal.

Technological Developments in Education and Automation includes set of rigorously reviewed world-class manuscripts dealing with the increasing role of technology in daily lives including education and industrial automation Technological Developments in Education and Automation contains papers presented at the International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Technology & Automation and the International Conference on Engineering Education, Instructional Technology, Assessment, and E-learning which were part of the International Joint Conferences on Computer, Information and Systems Sciences and Engineering

Education and Technology for a Better World was the main theme for WCCE 2009. The conference highlights and explores different perspectives of this theme, covering all levels of formal education as well as informal learning and societal aspects of education. The conference was open to everyone involved in education and training. Additionally players from technological, societal, business and political fields outside education were invited to make relevant contributions within the theme: Education and Technology for a Better World. For several years the WCCE (World Conference on Computers in Education) has brought benefits to the fields of computer science and computers and education as well as to their communities. The contributions at WCCE include research projects and good practice presented in different formats from full papers to posters, demonstrations, panels, workshops and symposiums. The focus is not only on presentations of accepted contributions but also on discussions and input from all participants. The main goal of these conferences is to provide a forum for the discussion of ideas in all areas of computer science and human learning. They create a unique environment in which researchers and practitioners in the fields of computer science and human learning can interact, exchanging theories, experiments, techniques, applications and evaluations of initiatives supporting new developments that are potentially relevant for the development of these fields. They intend to serve as reference guidelines for the research community.

This journal subline serves as a forum for stimulating and disseminating innovative research ideas, theories, emerging technologies, empirical investigations, state-of-the-art methods, and tools in all different genres of edutainment, such as game-based learning and serious games, interactive storytelling, virtual learning environments, VR-based education, and related fields. It will cover aspects from educational and game theories, human-computer interaction, computer graphics, artificial intelligence, and systems design. The second volume in this series contains a selection of outstanding contributions from GDTW 2008, the 6th International Conference in Game Design and Technology, which took place in the UK, in November 2008, and Cyberworlds 2008, held in Hangzhou, China, in September 2008. These papers are complemented by contributions from international experts in this field.

Evolution of Information Technology in Educational Management As the editors of this volume we are very happy to publish a selection of the papers that were presented at the eighth Conference of Working Group 3.7 of the International Federation for Information Processing which was held in July 2008. The focus of Working Group 3.7 is on ITEM: Information Technology in Educational Management (for more information, please visit our website http://item.wceruw.org/), and the theme of its 2008 conference was on the Evolution of Information Technology in Educational Management. Our Working Group started its activities (officially we were not an IFIP Working Group at that time) in 1994 in Israel, so it made sense to look at how ITEM has evolved over the years and to reflect on what its future may be. The conference took place in Darwin (northern Australia) which even during the Australian winter is a very pleasant location for having a conference. The town of Darwin was given its name by the Captain of the Beagle (the ship on which Darwin travelled when he made the investigations on which he based his Theory of Evolution) who came to the area and named the town after the giant of science he admired.

The edited and peer reviewed volume presents selected papers of the conference “Beyond knowlegde: the legacy of competence” organized by EARLI SIG Learning and Instruction with Computers in cooperation with SIG Instructional Design. It reflects the current state-of-the-art work of scholars worldwide within the area of learning and instruction with computers. Mainly, areas of computer-based learning environments supporting competence-focused knowledge acquisition but also foundational scientific work are addressed. More specific, contents cover cognitive processes in hypermedia and multimedia learning, social issues in computer-supported collaborative learning, motivation and emotion in Blended Learning and e-Learning.

The majority of studies on the quality of life have been conducted in Western contexts and are based on Western participants. Comparatively speaking, there are only a few studies that have been conducted in different Chinese contexts. Also, there are fewer QOL studies based on children and adolescents, or studies that examine the relationship between QOL and economic disadvantage. In addition, more research is needed to address the methodological issues related to the assessment of quality of life. This volume is a constructive response to the challenges described above. It is the first book to cover research in Chinese, Western and global contexts in a single volume. It is a ground-breaking volume in which Chinese studies on the quality of life are collected. The book includes papers addressing family QOL, quality of life in adolescents experiencing economic disadvantage, and methodological issues in the assessment of QOL. It is written by researchers working in a variety of disciplines.

Information and Communication Technologies in Real-Life Learning presents the results of an International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) working conference held December 2004 in Melbourne, Australia. The working conference was organized by IFIP Working Group 3.2 (Informatics and ICT in Higher Education) and IFIP Working Group 3.4 (Professional and Vocational Education in Information Technology). The papers in this book present a cross-section of issues in real-life learning in which Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays an important role. Some of the issues covered include: education models for real-life learning enabled by ICT; effective organization of a real-life learning environment; the changing role of the student; the changing role of educational institutions and their relationship with business and industry; the changing role of teachers and their use of ICT; and managment of ICT-rich education change.

This book presents some highlights from the deliberations of the 2003 conference of the International Study Association on Teachers and Teaching (ISATT). Part 1 presents the five keynote addresses of the conference, while Parts 2 through 4 present selected papers related to each of three sub-themes: knowledge construction and learning to teach, perspectives on teachers'personal and professional lives, and teachers'workplace as context for learning. The chapters in this book provide an array of approaches to understanding the process of teacher learning within the current context of the changing workplace environment. They also provide an important international perspective on the complex issues revolving around the international educational reform movement. Basically, they show how teachers'workplace (inside and outside schools) are more than ever subject to continuous change and that, subsequently, standards for teaching must be flexible to these changing conditions. This asks for a redefinition of teacher professionalism in which the role of context in teacher learning is emphasized as well as the improvement of the quality of teacher thinking and learning. Related to the ever-changing context of teaching, a dynamic approach to teaching and teacher learning is required, in which identity development is crucial. Researchers have an important role to play in revealing and explaining how teachers can build their professional identity, through self-awareness and reflection, in the ever-changing educational contexts throughout the world.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the issues involved in Lifelong Learning supported by Information and Communication Technology (ICT). In this overview, the following issues are discussed: -Changing environments, -What is Lifelong Learning? -Who are the learners? -Characteristics of learning environments, -Sustainability of learning environments, -Learning communities, -Role of educational institutions, -Role of ICT. Lifelong Learning in the Digital Age contains reviewed papers by invited authors, as well as a comprehensive report with resource materials produced by a Focus Group of invited participants in the Lifelong Learning Working Track at the e-Train conference,'E-Training Practices for Professional Organizations'. The conference was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), Technical Committee 3 (Education), and was held in Pori, Finland in July 2003. Lifelong Learning in the Digital Age will help both decision makers and educational designers to deal with the issues connected with Lifelong Learning. Solutions will have to be unique for each culture and each country, but this book will certainly inform and should considerably assist decision-making and problem resolution

Upspeeding technological evolution and globalisation characterise today's and future lives of engineers. It is vital for all institutions involved in engineering education to keep pace and to anticipate future needs. The herein presented collection of papers results from the Workshop on Global Engineering Education (GEE'3) which took place at Aachen University of Technology, 18 – 20 October 2000. In this meeting more than 150 specialists from 25 countries discussed the topic “Educating the Engineer for the Century”. Which role to attribute to non-technical qualifications? How to integrate ethical aspects in education? Do we have to define international standards in education? What about quality control? What is the potential of new media for knowledge transfer? How to organise lifelong learning for engineers? - These are some of the questions discussed among representatives of industries, educational institutions, politicians and individuals during this meeting. According to the sessions of the workshop, the book is subdivided into chapters covering the areas “Role of the Global Engineer in Meeting the Challenges of Society in the Century”, ”Internationality and Interdisciplinarity”, “Engineering Education in Emerging Economies”, “European Bachelor and Master Programmes”, “Developing Personal Skills to be a Global Engineer”. Three chapters deal with successful practice in engineering education covering the topics “Programmes, Curricula and Evaluation”, “Educational Concepts”, and “University-Industry Partnership, Design Projects”.