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One of the main problems in control is that the overwhelming number of physical quantities cannot be measured directly. Hence, there arise so-called inverse problems on the determination of physical quantities from the results of their manifestations. In the mechanics of a deformable solid there is a problem of obtaining material properties at all stages of deformation and especially at the overcritical stage. In this paper, we formulate and solve the inverse problem of finding the tensile diagram of a material element from the diagram of the dependence of the bending moment on the curvature of a rectangular beam under pure bending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a shear strength model used to evaluate information of interest from shock experiments aimed at studying the properties of the hardened 30KhGSA steel and the MA14 magnesium alloy subjected to low- and high-intensity loadings. The model parameters are adjusted by experimental deformation curves obtained from static and dynamic tests at different temperatures and the data from shock experiments to account for strength variation at high strain rates. The simulation of low-intensity loading tests helped to improve the description of elastic-plastic properties and to adjust our failure model. The data from the shock experiments with high-intensity loading of 30KhGSA steel samples and unloading of the shocked samples in window materials were used to verify the phase diagram and the kinetics of direct and inverse phase transitions, and to determine more exactly how the changed phase state influences the strength. The model presented here has allowed us to reproduce the complicated strength behavior of the MA14 alloy at different loading intensities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the development and approbation of a computational model of damage accumulation in a vertical steel tank at the non-uniform foundation subsidence. The object of research is structure behavior at the survivability stage, namely, the character and sequence of damage initiation and accumulation (elastic-plastic strain, bottom and wall buckling) in the tank structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an automated system for monitoring the deformation state of a building complex. The measurement unit of the system records the vertical displacements of a number of bearing columns using the hydroleveling method. In the analytical block, numerical modeling of deformation processes in the subsoil–foundation– building system is performed. The information on the foundation settling obtained during monitoring is used to specify the boundary conditions for modeling the stress-strain state of the structure. Thus, the deformation response of all structural elements to uneven vertical settling of supporting columns is evaluated. The monitoring system has been working since 2010 and it has demonstrated high efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With advances in computer capabilities, cost of sheet metal forming has being reducing mainly due to the reduction of trial and error approaches. At the moment, a complete process can be simulated on computer and appropriate forming conditions optimized before actual industrial forming process is carried out. While formability predictions have improved, the problem of springback exhibited by most metal, including aluminum alloy AA6111-T4, after forming persist and often leads to significant part fit-up problems during assembly. There are a number of factors that affect springback and perhaps the most significant one is constitutive equation. In this paper springback predicted by six advanced kinematic models are evaluated. In addition an improved constitutive kinematic model is presented. It is shown that by adding stress correction term (SCT) to Armstrong-Frederick model a relatively simple and yet accurate stress prediction could be obtained. The SCT was developed with the assumption that the yield surface remains convex, yield center depends on translation, size and shape variations of the yield surface. The model is implemented in a commercial finite element code (ABAQUS/Standard) via its user material interface (UMAT). Numerical simulations of U-bending were performed using automotive aluminum sheet material (AA6111-T4). It was noted that springback has inverse relationship with residual stress. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultimate tensile strength of a hardened layer on a material surface is studied analytically and experimentally with the application of the finite element method and the rule of mixtures, when a specimen with a hardened surface layer is viewed as a composite material consisting of a matrix and hardening layer. It has been found that the application of both methods gives close ultimate tensile strength values for the hardened surface layer. Particularly, for a surfacehardened medium-carbon (0.51 wt% C) structural steel, the ultimate tensile strength of the hardened surface layer is 2700 MPa for the finite element method and 2671 MPa for the rule of mixtures. The obtained results testify to the possibility of determining the ultimate tensile strength of a hardened layer on a material surface by standard mechanical testing for uniaxial tension. The distribution of normal stresses has been determined in a bulk specimen and in a surfacehardened specimen. The presence of a 30 μm thick non-gradient hardened layer on a material surface is shown to cause a strong local stress concentration resulting from the effect of primary mesoconcentrators arising at the site of external load application and by the difference in the mechanical properties of the base material and the hardened surface layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystallographic texture evolution induced by plastic deformation in the sheet metal forming process has a great influence on its formability. In the present study, a dynamic explicit finite element (FE) analysis code is newly developed by introducing a crystallographic homogenization method to estimate the polycrystalline sheet metal formability, such as the extreme thinning and “earing.” This code can predict the plastic deformation induced texture evolution at the micro scale and the plastic anisotropy at the macro scale, simultaneously. This multi-scale analysis can couple the microscopic crystal plasticity inhomogeneous deformation with the macroscopic continuum deformation. In this homogenization process, the stress at the macro scale is defined by the volume average of those of the corresponding microscopic crystal aggregations in satisfying the equation of motion and compatibility condition in the micro scale “unit cell,” where the periodicity of deformation is satisfied. This homogenization algorithm is implemented in the conventional dynamic explicit finite element code by employing the updated Lagrangian formulation and the rate type elastic/viscoplastic constitutive equation. At first, it has been confirmed through a texture evolution analyses in cases of typical deformation modes that Taylor’s “constant strain homogenization algorithm” yields extreme concentration toward the preferred crystal orientations compared with our homogenization one. Second, we study the plastic anisotropy effects on “earing” in the hemispherical cup deep drawing process of pure ferrite phase sheet metal. By the comparison of analytical results with those of Taylor’s assumption, conclusions are drawn that the present newly developed dynamic explicit crystallographic homogenization FEM shows more reasonable prediction of plastic deformation induced texture evolution and plastic anisotropy at the macro scale. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]