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This paper aims to design a guide for engineering problem solving with a mathematical approach, based on the use of creative, heuristic and reasoning strategies. The research is divided in two phases: the literature review and the conception of a guide for engineering problems with an open or closed solution. This guide combines the engineering method with algorithmic and heuristic-creative components in three steps: a) understanding, approaching and characterising the problem; b) planning, tackling and deciding on the best alternative; and c) solving, reviewing and evaluating the problem. The authors conclude that this guide will allow future engineers to reach a solution to a problem considering the implications in the financial, technical, environmental and other domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper presents the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique, and its practical application to machine learning. The objective is to address the problem of dimensional reduction or data compression. Based on an intuitive analysis, this document will help bring economists and other professionals in the social sciences closer to these ideas, which are generally alien to their discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a study related to the learning of decision-making heuristics such as preference matrix, break-even point and decision tree from the perspective of using a computational tool. With their respective algorithms, a virtual learning environment through a mobile application (app) aimed at Engineering students was developed. To answer the research questions posed in this report, an empirical study was conducted to assess the effectiveness, efficiency and cost in solving decision-making problems with and without the use of the app. The results in this study suggest that the use of the app in learning decision-making skills facilitates the mathematical process for students, and that by using critical thinking competence, they can make assertive and accurate decisions considering different alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence seems to be in vogue as a term lately; however, this term was coined back in 1956 by mathematician John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, and Claude Shannon. This concept defined the word as the science and engineering of ``making machines intelligent.' its sibling term, artificial life, is equally fundamental. How can we talk about intelligence without an organism to use it after all? Currently, researchers from both fields complement each other and describe a new class of artificial organisms. This paper presents a general overview of advancements achieved in artificial life, the creation of so-called virtual creatures and their possible application to the activities of human beings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applied research as well as Innovation breed tangible products or services (intangible ones), with multiple impact on society. Particularly, scientific-technical services contribute to a greater national sovereignty with the solution of dissimilar problems with the participation of national human resources and materials. These services play a crucial role in quality management of any process, and furthermore, they also contribute to industrial and food safety. This paper outlines several of the causes that, in the authors' opinion, limit the impact of scientifictechnical services in fulfilling the role that Science and Innovation should have. The different lines of scientific-technical services offered by the Center for Technological Applications and Nuclear Development (CEADEN) in its 35 years of work are presented below. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper there are described some educational strategies based on virtual learning environments, which were implemented in engineering programs with the purpose of mitigating failure rates in basic stage subjects. Based on a case study at the University of Baja California, the causes of failure for the period 2013 to 2016 were diagnosed, and subsequently, from 2017 to 2019, the implementation of four support strategies began. An analysis of the behavior of the failure rates before and after the implementation of the strategies was made, and the results show up that both the failure levels in five subjects as well as the student lag decreased. Even though the strategies applied in this study are replicable, and the use of virtual learning environments supports students' academic performance, it is still necessary to expand the research to measure the impact of additional strategies that were put in to practice simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a configurable and computable instructional model based on gamification elements. The empirical evaluation of the model is also reported using the software engineering area as the scope of application. In the experimental study two treatments were compared: the traditional dynamics of using a paper document for the Performance Test, and the use of a Virtual Learning Environment configured based in the model; the dependent variables considered were time and score. From the statistical analysis it was possible to conclude that the students did not present significant differences in the scores obtained in both treatments; however, the time turned out to be a variable with significant differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses upon a place called the Vertical Village, a building in the center of Rio de Janeiro inhabited exclusively by indigenous peoples from different ethnic groups belonging to different parts of the country. In this paper, we discuss questions related to the experience of being indigenous in a city, the construction of a residential space as a village, and the constitution of indigenous identity in the urban context. Following the paths of three inhabitants of the building, the questions considered emerge from their transiting between cities and villages, frontiers either real or imaginary, prejudices and expectations of indigenous identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research paper is to analyze the written tasks used on the B-Learning modality in a first year course and the cognitive demands that they pose for students based on the Biggs theoretical proposal. The study is being developed at la Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Santiago de Cali, Colombia, with a sample of thirtynine (39) tasks of the subject of Oral and Written Expression (EOYE), which is taught at the faculties of Engineering, Economic Sciences and Administrative Sciences, Communication and Social Sciences and Basic Sciences, to first semester students The partial results show the need to support reflective practice among teachers, especially around the written tasks that foster the development of meaningful and deep learning and the stimulation of cognitive operations according to the taxonomy SOLO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment can not be limited to a test focused on the repetition of content that aims to assess the degree of student learning, assessment should provide another horizon in relation to the traditional rating, ie must be a valid tool for teaching-learning process. In this paper we design a proposal as an evaluation tool for the subject of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the University EIA. the rubric based on learning objectives, aspects to be evaluated, descriptors, criteria and rating scale, was implemented during the 2015-2 and 2016-1 academic year, the proposal facilitated the performance rating of freshmen engineering, not only about what they learned, but also how they learned and skills developed in the process demonstrating statistically significant difference (p-value <0.05) in the number of students who passed the course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engineering, as a profession, faces the difficulty of combining its body of knowledge with its ideal of service; relation that is clear in traditional professions such as medicine or law. This inadequacy is one of the main causes of the difficulty that is faced when trying to define engineering. In the present work it is argued that the origin of the inadequacy lies in the way in which it has been assumed that it should be carried out the reflection in the field of engineering ethics, which lacks from an axiological foundation and transcends the curricula of the different engineering programs. In order to support what is stated in the paper, (1) some of the main definitions of engineering are analyzed, (2) it is explained the aforementioned inadequacy, (3) it is presented the relation of this inadequacy with the absence of an axiological foundation of the reflection around the ethics of engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an educational experience using game development with "scratch" to represent ideas using innovative technology to positively impact the lives of the "Caqueta" in the next five (5) years. As a result of the experience, students in the first semester of Systems Engineering at the University of Amazonia were able to design and develop complex games using logic to solve problems in the region of Caqueta-Colombia, having account of the general aspects of engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the initial phase of an investigation into a teaching strategy whose aim is to develop the digital skills of first-year engineering students. The research is framed within the qualitative paradigm and a multimodal approach to the use of instruments. Action research methodology was used to perform the research. The study focuses on two learning strategies: one which is more conceptual in nature and targeted at the professional use of the Internet and social networks, and the other which is of an applied and practical nature that culminates in the creation of a personal blog by students. We believe this work is of interest due to the methodology used and the positive results regarding the course objectives. The effectiveness of these strategies is supported by the results of surveys conducted on the training scheme, the large number of students who created a personal blog, the quality of their work and the satisfactory results of the students' evaluations. We conclude that the use of action research methodology proved suitable for conducting further research into technological and digital competence in higher level university courses and other degree programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By professional experience, it has been observed that the activities of Mathematical Modeling of phenomena and / or engineering processes in one Differential Equations course, have detected some obstacles by the students in the teaching - learning process, which has motivated its identification, being the purpose of this paper. Initially, researches on obstacles in mathematical context, engineering process and mathematical modeling have been mentioned. To carry out the solution of this problem, a survey was conducted with all students who took the Differential Equation course in Engineering programs at the Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, in the period 2015-2, after performing modeling practices. This Study was carried out using open type questionnaire and its consequent analysis was with a qualitative approach using the grounded theory. Subsequently, the results of carried survey are mentioned, which led to detect different types of obstacles according their origin. Finally, this research will let improve modelling process within triad: student, education and teacher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In so far as science and technology have been legitimate objects of philosophical reflection, this is not the case of engineering. Today, philosophy of science and philosophy of technology are well established professional disciplines. This paper aims to show that philosophy of engineering is a field in construction that meets the conditions to be a professional philosophical discipline: academic community, research agenda and dissemination instruments. We perform a descriptive literature search that allows us to identify the constituent moments in the discipline, placing them in a timeline between 1998 and 2014, from the "empirical turn" in philosophy of technology as a foundational event of philosophy of engineering, and through the series of events that, as a result of "empirical turn", make up the discipline over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the role of engineering and research in the environmental licensing process in the light of institutional changes made in Chile since 2010: the creation of the Ministry of Environment and the Environmental Assessment Service. To do this, we will show the challenges posed by these new institutions, the opportunities identified and the work undertaken to address those changes. Finally, the results will be presented taking the Punta Alcalde project as a model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes a "picture" of the curricula and scientific research on transportation engineering in Spain. Both university training and research on transportation have reached international standards during the last decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes a journey through the evolution of teaching software engineering, highlighting the most important aspects in each moment of history, in order to learn the techniques and strategies used in different decades since It was first used the term in 1968, and thus identify the key elements that should be considered in an academic curriculum in areas related to the subject. Through the review of the identified literature on teaching software engineering it was observed that various curricular proposals were made, but it was only until the 2000s when it was possible to unify criteria, publishing the SWEBOK guidance document compiles efforts made to define the body of knowledge. The guide had a recent update to version 3.0 in 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In so far as science and technology have been legitimate objects of philosophical reflection, this is not the case of engineering. Today, philosophy of science and philosophy of technology are well established professional disciplines. This paper aims to show that philosophy of engineering is a field in construction that meets the conditions to be a professional philosophical discipline: academic community, research agenda and dissemination instruments. We perform a descriptive literature search that allows us to identify the constituent moments in the discipline, placing them in a timeline between 1998 and 2014, from the "empirical turn" in philosophy of technology as a foundational event of philosophy of engineering, and through the series of events that, as a result of "empirical turn", make up the discipline over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation is one of the key issues for the academic performance of university students, especially in engineering programs where their degree of difficulty leads to a low sense of self-efficacy and high rates of absenteeism and dropout in students. Since some time ago psychology has widely addressed the construct of motivation, and in recent decades psychopedagogic instruments, such as the MSLQ or the MAPE-3, have been designed in order to contribute to the motivation of university students. This paper presents a selection of theories, mainly framed on the understanding of the motivation processes and the identification of indicators that are useful to influence and evaluate the motivation of university engineering students. Based on these indicators, an instrument to diagnose students' motivation of Spanish Engineering Universities has been defined. This instrument has been used in an empirical and descriptiveexploratory study, with 92 students of the University Politécnica of Madrid. In this study theories and indicators to observe and stimulate motivation were identified. Besides, its adequacy to the target population has been evaluated, the developed instrument has been validated, issues of interest to the motivation of engineering students have been explored and particular features of motivation of these students of different Degrees and years have been identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preeclampsia is a disease pregnant women can develop and according to DANE (National Administrative Department of Statistics), it is responsible for 35% of maternal deaths in Colombia. In this context, the aim of this paper is to present an expert system (ES) based on type I fuzzy logic to identify this disease risk levels, and outmost, enable early diagnosis and close monitoring of pregnant women, essential aspects concerning the prevention of complications associated to pre-eclampsia. In order to carry out the research, a literature review was conducted to know the risk factors that generate this disease. With the help of a physician, medical factors regarding this condition were considered (input variables), and the rule base was established; which are the main components for ES. Subsequently, the software implementation was performed with tools like MySql database and Java programming language. To validate, 30 medical records were used, which were provided by the Ministry of Health Department of Caquetá. The result of ES showed a 94.17 % success rate with a margin of error of 5.83 %, compared to the results provided by the specialist who analyzed the records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]