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For the forty-fifth time, the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) is sponsoring the publication of these Proceedings. Papers published in this volume were presented online and onsite during the annual AECT Convention. The Proceedings of AECT's Convention are published in two volumes. Volume #1 contains papers dealing primarily with research and development topics. Papers dealing with the practice of instructional technology including instruction and training issues are contained in Volume #2. This year, both volumes are included in one document.

Wood is biomass made from lignocellulose, the main raw material for pulp production, both species of hardwood and softwood. Utilization of as much wood as possible, including less-known wood species, is widely open because the availability of good quality wood for industry raw materials is increasingly limited. In general, all wood species can be used for paper pulp. But the selection of types of lignocellulosic material with specific properties, such as physical, anatomical and chemical, play an important role in efficiently using wood as raw materials for pulp and paper. This research was carried out to examine wood properties (specific gravity, fiber quality and cellulose content) of four less-known hardwoods from natural tropical rainforest in South Sulawesi province of Indonesia and assessed their potential use for paper pulp. Those hardwood species comprised of cempedak (Artocarpus integer Merr.), jabon merah (Anthocephalus macrophyllus Hav.), saling-saling (Artocarpus teysmanii Miq.) and simpur (Dillenia serrata Thunb.). The specific gravity determined by the weight of oven dried wood and volume of air dried wood where the wood volume be measured by water immersion method, the fiber dimensions measured through maceration preparations which was made using the Franklin procedure, while TAPPI method used for chemical analysis. In condition to paper pulp raw material, the specific gravity (0.40 – 0.69) is categorized as moderate, the fiber quality is classified as good (class II), and cellulose content (40.12% - 52.47%) is categorized as moderate to high for all those less-known hardwoods. All four less-known hardwoods studied potentially use for paper pulp raw materials. But simpur has the most potential due to long fiber and higher specific gravity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pulp and paper making industry is looking for new main raw material based on its physical, chemical and morphological characteristics. Currently in this industry, bagasse is the most useful raw material in pulp and paper industry. The objective of this study is to determine its suitability for pulping. Acacia auriculiformis is a fast-growing tree normally found in Indonesia and Australia. Acacia auriculiformis leaf contains of cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin. The range of lignin content in Acacia auriculiformis is 19%-20%. The hemi-cellulose and lignin contents was removed by soda-pulping process using different concentrations as followed; 3%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. In order to determine the optimum pulping conditions for Acacia auriculiformis craft paper, several tests were conducted such as apparent density, tear test, tensile strength test and moisture absorption. It was found that the Acacia auriculiformis fibre treated with 3% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions gave good tear test of the paper. For apparent density test, the best concentration of NaOH used for treating Acacia auriculiformis pulping is at 15%. From the study, the optimum concentration of NaOH in treating Acacia auriculiformis fibre is at 5% for best result in tensile strength. Hence, from the overall tests, 5% concentration of NaOH is the optimum value. From the findings, Acacia auriculiformis fibre has a potential to be used in paper making and food packaging industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze Indonesia's strategy in facing the Voluntary Partnership Agreement on Forest Law Enforcement Governance and Trade (FLEGT-VPA) cooperation agreement between the European Union and Indonesia to improve the export performance of Indonesian wood products to the European Union market. With research, an analysis of the opportunities and challenges that Indonesia intends to face in maintaining the stability of the export activities of Indonesian wood products and improving the quality of these wood products so that they can be accepted based on the standards of the destination country. FLEGT-VPA is a bilateral agreement between the European Union and timber exporting nations to improve forest sector governance and ensure that timber and wood products supplied into the EU are produced in line with partner country laws and regulations. The issue that a developing country like Indonesia wants to experience in an effort to improve the quality of wood products according to the standards of the destination country is a large number of illegal logging, illegal timber sales and others. This study focuses on the pulp and paper industry and uses qualitative analysis research methods and analyzes the data collection techniques from various sources. The increase in the export performance of Indonesian pulp, paper and, paperboard to the European Union from 2016 after the ratification of the FLEGT-VPA shows that the quality of Indonesian products is promising to spread in the European Union market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the thirty-sixth year, the Research and Theory Division of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) is sponsoring the publication of these Proceedings. Papers published in this volume were presented at the annual AECT Convention in Anaheim, California. The Proceedings of AECT's Convention are published in two volumes. Volume 1 contains papers dealing primarily with research and development topics. Papers dealing with the practice of instructional technology including instruction and training issues are contained in Volume 2. (Individual papers contain references.) [For Volume 1, see ED546877.]

For the thirty-third year, the Research and Theory Division of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) is sponsoring the publication of these Proceedings. This is Volume #2 of the 33rd "Annual Proceedings of Selected Papers on the Practice of Educational Communications and Technology." This volume includes papers presented at the national convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology held in Anaheim, California. The papers in this volume primarily deal with instruction and training issues. Papers dealing with research and development are contained in the companion volume (Volume #1). (Individual papers contain references, tables, and figures.) [For Volume 1, see ED514646.]

For the twenty-sixth year, the Research and Theory Division of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) is sponsoring the publication of these Proceedings. Papers published in this volume were presented at the National AECT Convention in Anaheim, CA. The Proceedings of AECT's Convention are published in two volumes. Volume 1 contains papers dealing primarily with research and development topics. Papers dealing with instruction and training issues are contained in volume 2 which also contains over 60 papers. The papers contained in this document represent some of the most current thinking in educational communications and technology. (Individual papers contain references, figures, and tables.) [For Volume 2, see ED496303. For Volume 1 of the 2002 proceedings, see ED496300. For Volume 2 of the 2002 proceedings, see ED496301.]

Borassus flabellifer L. becomes one of the palm-based commodities in Indonesia that can grow well in dry areas, especially around the north coast of Java Island. An abundant waste of this plant, in the form of leaf midrib and fruit fiber, has a potential as a source of lignocellulose for the paper industry. In the present study, Kraft paper production was conducted to know the influence of the proportion of leaf midrib and fruit fiber of Borassus flabellifer L., and the concentration of Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) adhesives on the sensory and physical quality of Kraft paper. The research method was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors. The Friedman test was used to determine the sensory quality of Kraft paper. The ANOVA analysis was used to examine the physical quality of Kraft paper. The results showed that the treatment of raw material proportion and PVAc adhesive concentration had significant effect on color, surface texture, yield, and tensile resistance, but insignificant between treatment of Gramatur and tear resistance. The best treatment of sensory tests was Kraft paper with proportion of 50% leaf midrib pulp, 50% fruit fiber pulp, and 7.5% PVAc adhesive concentration. It has a yield value of 72.11%, Gramatur of 162.80 (g/m²), tensile strength of 1.70 (%), and tear resistance of 197.6 (gf). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following 21 papers were delivered for the Special Libraries Division of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions at its 1992 annual meeting: (1) "From Indochina to Afghanistan: Arts from Abroad in Parisian Libraries" (M. F. Macouin); (2) "The Indonesian Archeology Photograph and Documentation System (IAPDS) in Leiden" (H. I. R. Hinzler); (3) "The Collection Development and Organisation of Art Materials: The Cultural Center of the Philippines in Context" (E. R. Peralejo); (4) "Resources for the Conservation of Southeast Asian Art" (S. G. Swartzburg); (5) "The Moravian Mission and Its Research on the Language and Culture of Western Tibet: A Case Study for Collection Development" (H. Walravens); (6) "The National Art Library and the Indian Collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London" (J. F. van der Wateren); (7) "Collection Development and Acquisition of Art Materials with Special Reference to South and South-East Asia: A Case Study of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts" (A. P. Gakhar); (8) "Map Collection of the National Library and Its Users' Pattern" (D. K. Mittra and A. K. Ghatak); (9) "Russian Maps of Asia" (N. Ye. Kotelnikova); (10) "A Survey of Maps and Atlases Published in India" (A. K. Ghatak); (11) "Government Libraries in India: An Overview" (M. K. Jain); (12) "Technology as an Agent for Communication" (E. J. Valauskas); (13) "Changing Duties: Relations between Library and Information Work" (A. G. A. Staats); (14) "Access to Scientific and Technical Information: The Greenlight or Not?" (D. Stoica); (15) "Initiatives To Facilitate Access to S&T (Science and Technology) Information in India" (A. Lahiri); (16) "Improving Access to Scientific Literature in Developing Countries--A UNESCO Programme Review" (A. Abid); (17) "Science, Technology and Libraries in French-Speaking Africa" (H. Sene); (18) "Productivity, Impact and Quality of Scientific Work at the UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico): Actions for their Acknowledgement" (P. Dector); (19) "The Post-Perestroyika Sci-Tech Libraries: Will They Survive?" (A. Zemskov); (20) "Access to Information and Science Development in the Developing World" (S. Arunachalam); and (21) "Manuscript Collections in Indian Libraries with Special Emphasis on National Library" (S. Akhtar). (SLD)

The rapid development of the industrial sector has increased either energy demand or generate a tremendous effect on waste piles. To combat the issue of poor sanitation due to waste accumulation and multiply the energy sources, the government promotes energy diversification, particularly dealing with waste management. This study aims to recycle plastic waste, paper waste and sawdust into solid fuel briquettes while observing their physical and combustion properties. Briquette production is carried out by combining waste of plastics and sawdust with binding agents, such as paper pulp and cassava starch. These materials were mixed with water, being compacted and conventionally dried under the sunlight. Solid briquette was then tested for calorific value, moisture content and volatile matter to ensure the effectiveness of combustion. The results show that the modified composition of plastic and paper with the ratio of 3:1 is physically sturdy with minor cracks, has a greater calorific value of 6801.62 Cal/gr, low moisture content (4.73%) and volatile matter (5.50%). The modified composition of paper: plastic: sawdust with the ratio of 1:1:1 exhibits more sturdy stuff, with a calorific value of 4565.47 Cal/ gr, low moisture content (1.85%) but high volatile matter (34.07%). Waste conversion to solid fuel briquette can be utilized as future green energy alternative in any major cities of Indonesia. A modified mixture of plastic : paper waste is more prone to transmit the heat despite having less capability to ignite, while the mixture of sawdust : paper is more prone to ignite despite having less capability to store and dismiss the heat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selected papers are as follows: "Member Perceptions of the Association for International Agricultural & Extension Education" (Eaton et al.); "Historical Review of U.S. Involvement in International Agricultural Education between World War II and Enactment of Title XII" (Thuemmel, Meaders); "Educational Needs of International Graduate Students as Perceived by Graduate Faculty" (Miller, Ng); "Rethinking the Landscape" (Beilin); "Personal Networks and Agricultural Extension" (Armonia); "Extension Staff Development Program" (Trail, Malindi); "Learning Styles of Extension Personnel and the Implications for Designing Inservice Computer Training Programs" (Park, Gamon); "Agricultural Education and Global Sustainability" (Vahoviak, Etling); "Importance of Extension Education in the Post Harvest Activities of Soybean in Nigeria" (Osho); "Perceptions Regarding Agricultural Extension Education in Swaziland" (Dube, Martin); "Philosophy, Mission, and Focus of Agricultural Extension in Africa, Asia, and Latin America" (Mohamed et al.); "Educational Needs for Enhancing Non-Farm Activities and Entrepreneurship" (Singh, Comer); "Assessment of the Use of Contact Farmers in Training and Visit Extension System in Nigeria" (Omotayo, Arokoyo); "Village Extension Workers (VEWs), Agricultural Extension Officers, and Contact Farmers Perceptions of VEW Visits under the Training and Visit (T&V) System" (Radhakrishna, Yoder); "Expert Identification of Inservice Training Needs of Field Agents Working in T&V Systems of Extension" (Alawy, Safrit); "Creating a Stronger Model for International Youth Exchange" (Etling); "Perceptions Held by Secondary School Agricultural Educators in Iowa Regarding Adding a Global Perspective to the Agriculture Curriculum" (Perez-Morales, Miller); "Development of Vocational Agriculture in Swaziland" (Mndebele, Crunkilton); "Extension Serving Women Farmers" (Morrone); "Nonformal Education for Empowerment" (Nti, Etling); "Factors Influencing Rural Women Cassava Processors' Intended Participation in an Agricultural Extension Education Program" (Ojomo, McCaslin); "Cooperative Efforts for Agricultural Extension and Rural Development" (Brewer, Meaders); "Need for U.S. and International Collaborative Rural Leadership Education for the 21st Century" (Dhanakumar et al.); "University's Role in Agricultural Development" (Cristovao, Koehnen); "Educational Needs of International Graduate Students of Extension Education" (Mohamed et al.); "Review and Synthesis of Extension Problems in Africa and Asia" (Ukaga et al.); "Development of Rural Youths through Farmers' Training and Education" (Auta, Akpoko); and "Mobilizing Rural Youths for a Career in Farming" (Arokoyo, Omotayo). (YLB)

Moodle-based Learning Management Systems have been widely used in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially in Indonesia. In this regard, this study aims to identify and describe the implementation of the Whole Language Approach in improving the ability to write simple scientific papers for students at PGRI Yogyakarta University through the Moodle-based Learning Management System. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative with data in the form of descriptions of the results of research implementation supported by observations, interviews, theoretical studies, and relevant research. The results of this study indicate an increase in the ability to write student scientific papers in the experimental class after using the Whole Language Approach through Moodle-based LMS in learning to write. Several aspects that were assessed were structure, systematics, language use, content coherence, and references used. This increase is indicated by the test numbers before and after the use of the Whole Language Approach through the Moodle-based LMS with mean values of 6.5 to 8.8 in the experimental class, and 6.7 to 7.1 in.the control class. This shows that the use of the Whole Language Approach through Moodle-based LMS is proven to improve students' ability to write simple scientific papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Case studies and seminar reports are provided that were presented at an international seminar to examine field experiences in using a culture-based approach to nonformal education. Part I, containing an introductory paper and nine case studies, focuses on indigenous institutions and processes in health, family planning, agriculture, basic education, and conscientization. The introductory paper discusses indigenous sociocultural forms as a basis for nonformal education and development. Seven countries are represented in the case studies: Indonesia, Bolivia, Java (Indonesia), Upper Volta, Botswana, India, and Bali (Indonesia). Section II focuses on the performing arts in both mass campaigns and community nonformal education programs. An introductory paper overviews folk media, popular theater, and conflicting strategies for social change in the third world. The seven case studies consider the specific strategies used in Brazil, Sierra Leone, China, India, Mexico, Jamaica, and Africa. Section III contains the seminar reports developed from discussions of the four regional working groups: Latin America, Africa and the Caribbean, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. A summary of plenary discussions is also provided. (YLB)

This report of the Mid-Year Seminar of the Pacific Telecommunications Council (PTC) conference contains papers focusing on the use of telecommunications in the travel and tourism industries. After the message of welcome, opening remarks, and comments on the seminar, papers are divided and listed in five categories. First is The Indonesian Case: "National and Regional Development in the Pacific: Analyzing the Past to Chart the Future,""Tourism Development in Indonesia,""Developing Destination Infrastructures: National and Regional Industry Perspectives," and "Telecommunication and Information Technology: Vital Ingredients for Competitive Advantage in Global Travel Industry." The second category is Infrastructure Requirements: "Tourism's Basic Telecommunication Requirements,""Aspects of Telecommunications Hubbing,""High Technology and Tourism: Canada's Approach,""Reservation and Information Systems in Japan's Travel Industry,""ISDN Applications for the Tourism Industry," and "Interface between Telecommunications and Travel from a Broadcasting Perspective." The third category, Information Services, contains "An Overview of Information Technology for Travel Agencies,""Teletel: An Opportunity for Tourism and Travel Area,""Transaction Terminals and Credit Authorizations,""Taiwan's Tourism Videotext Service," and "Meeting Tourism's Information Requirements for Destination and Transport." The fourth category, Strategic Developments, contains "The Role of Telecommunications and Tourism in the National Development Process: Promises and Pitfalls,""The Role of Tourism in the National Economy in Korea,""The Triple T (Port) for Developing Economies,""Telecommunications Regulatory Policy in the ASEAN Countries," and "21st Century Travel Partnerships: Network-based Strategies." The final category, Sustainable Growth, contains "Tourism and Sustainable Development: Environmental and Socio-Cultural Issues,""Telecommunications for Sustainable Growth," and "Telecommunications and Travel: Some Future Prospects." A list of seminar participants is included. (DB)

Indonesia has targeted to reach 23% of renewable energy share by 2025. In order to meet the target, many researchers have focused on the explorations of renewable energy resources. One of the potential solutions to meet the target is the agricultural wastes, include corn cobs and areca nut fiber. In this study, the calorific value of corn cobs and areca nut fiber are tested. The corn cobs and areca nut fiber are collected from the farmers in Sumatera Utara province of Indonesia. In addition, the Paper waste is also tested. A bomb calorimeter of IKA C6000 is used to measure the energy content of the biomass. The results show that the calorific value of Corn cobs and Areca nut fiber is 5573 Cal/g and 4946 Cal/g, respectively.By using the average yearly production of Corn and Areca nut, these calorific values similar to 4,539 TOE and 4,653 TOE, respectively. If the potency can be used to replace the coal as an alternative fuel, this potency will reduce the Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. The potency of mitigation GHG by replacing Corncob and Areca nut fiber are 18,306 and 18,491 ton of CO2e. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some studies have been conducted to cross-culturally adapt the paper-based methods and instruments of ergonomics to minimize the accuracy discrepancy when utilized by non-English speakers, including Indonesians. However, no comprehensive reports are available on the paper-based methods and instruments in ergonomics adapted to the Indonesian versions. Hence, a systematic literature review was conducted to fill the gap. The review focused on understanding the adaptation approach, validity, and reliability of the methods and instruments. The literature review found six papers that reported adapted methods and instruments in ergonomics, including Rating Scale Mental Effort, System Usability Scale, User Experience Questionnaire, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Chatbot Usability Questionnaire, and me CUE 2.0 Framework. The adaptation approach to determine the Indonesian versions of the methods and instruments followed partial or complete stages of cross-cultural adaptation guidelines. It was found that several adapted instruments were valid, with the levels being "excellent" to "good." Furthermore, the reliability assessment indicated that several instruments have Cronbach alpha values ranging from 0.7 to 0.8, indicating that some of the adapted versions were reliable. Since limited methods and instruments were adapted to Indonesian versions, cross-cultural adaptation attempts have to be continued to ease the ergonomics implementations in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper waste production in DKI Jakarta according to data from The Jakarta's Environmental Services reaches an average of 40% of total waste production per month for each municipality (kotamadya). On the other hand, Indonesia's necessity of construction development, notably residential home, is increasing constantly along with the amount of Indonesia's population. This condition stimulates innovation of eco-friendly, inexpensive building material with suitable strength. Since 1990's, papercrete, concrete with waste paper as substitution of fine and/ or coarse aggregate, has been studied. Its use for structural materials has evolved and required supporting research for application on larger structural components. In this research, homogeneity aspect of papercrete from domestic waste (office) is investigated along a certain height of vertical beam. To do so, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) propagation measurement on 5 vertical prismatic beam specimens was conducted. By using direct mode transmission, two transducerswere used through 15 cm of width. Rate of propagation can detect the density of concrete at each level since early age of concrete (2 hour after casting). It describes the distribution of material inside. This homogeneity study is beneficial in evaluating papercrete application in real beam structure in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy demand in Indonesia increases continuously, but its availability is thinning out. Therefore, an alternative energy where the source is bountiful but has not been used properly is needed, such as used paper. This used paper is usually produced by office activities, educational institutions, even home activities. The used paper contains very high cellulose since the lignin contained in the raw material has been removed during the pulping process. Cellulose is a polymeric compound consisting of glucose monomers. The hydrolysis of cellulose is able to produce glucose which subsequently can be fermented into bio-ethanol. A study on hydrolysis of used paper to produce glucose as the raw material of bio-ethanol is urgent to conduct. The present work studied the hydrolysis of used paper using acid catalyst (sulfuric acid, chloride acid), which was heated in a microwave equipped with a cooling set up to avoid the evaporation of hydrolysate. The level of glucose in the hydrolysate was affected linearly by the acid concentration, hydrolysis time, and microwave power. Using chloride acid 2N for 7 hours, the hydrolysis produced glucose with a level of 76.542%, and 59.532% for sulfuric acid 3N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information on teaching and research in international law for countries of the Asia-Pacific region is presented in proceedings of a 1984 conference sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. In addition to a regional overview, suggestions are offered for promoting regional cooperation in international law. Challenges in the teaching and study of international law, problems areas for students graduating in international law, and problems of the profession are considered. Status reports for nine countries on teaching and research in international law are provided by conference participants as follows: Australia (James Crawford), India (M. L. Upadhyaya), Indonesia (Komar Kantaatmadja), Japan (Onuma Yasuaki), Republic of Korea (Chi Young Pak), Pakistan (M. A. Mannan), The Philippines (Adolfo S. Azcuna), Sri Lanka (A. R. B. Amerasinghe), and Thailand (Vitit Muntarbhorn). Appendices include: a conference program, list of participants and brief introductory conference addresses by Jae Hoon Choi, E. Hyock Kwon, Bong-shik Park, and Yogesh Atal. (SW)

"Proceedings of International Conference on Research in Education and Science" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Research in Education and Science (ICRES) which took place on April 1-4, 2021 in Antalya, Turkey. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and science. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The ICRES invites submissions which address the theory, research or applications in all disciplines of education and science. The ICRES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and science, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in education and science. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and increasing every year, including in Indonesia. Promethium-149 (149Pm) is one of beta-emitting (Eβ-max of 1.07 MeV and T1/2 of 2.21 days) radiolanthanides that can be used for therapeutic application. Radioisotope of 149Pm can be produced with high specific activity that was suitable for labeling of biomolecule as a targeted radiopharmaceutical for cancer therapy. Radiochemical separation of 149Pm from irradiated of neodymium oxide (Nd2O3) target with 98.4% neodymium-148 (148Nd) isotope enrichment has been carried out based on extraction chromatography method using LN (Eichrom) resin column. The target material was irradiated at Bandung TRIGA 2000 reactor. Radiochemical purity the final product of 149PmCl3 radioisotope was determined using paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis methods. Radionuclide purity of 149PmCl3 solution was determined using a gamma-ray spectrometer equipped with HP-Ge detector and a multichannel analyzer (MCA). The results show that the optimum condition on separation of 149Pm from irradiated of Nd2O3 target with 98.4% 148Nd isotope enrichment was obtained using 1.5N HNO3 solution at temperature of 80 °C as mobile phase. The yield of 149Pm obtained from the separation was 97.8 ± 2.1%. The final product of 149PmCl3 radioisotope has physico-chemical characteristic that meet the requirements for nuclear medicine applications with radiochemical purity and radionuclide purity of 99.7 ± 0.2% and 99.9 ± 0.1%, respectively. The solution of 149PmCl3 was clear, with the pH of 1 and stable for 1.5 weeks at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of new cells beyond the normal limits. The process by which cancers invade and spread to the other organs is called metastasis, this condition became the leading cause of death. One of detection methods that are currently used to detect tumors and metastatic tissues is conducted with radiopharmaceutical of [18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-2-D-glucose ([18F] FDG). This method is quite accurate, but is relatively expensive because it needs PET / CT camera that is still limited in Indonesia. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop other imaging methods using SPECT-CT camera that is cheaper and easy to reach especially for developing countries. Labelling 2-deoxy-D-glucose with technetium-99m (99mTc) indirectly using diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) as a co-ligand / bifunctional agent has been carried out. The determination of the optimum conditions for the labelling of 99mTc-DTPA-DG were done by varying the amount of reducing agent (SnCl2.2H2O), ligand (2-deoxy-D-glucose), pH, and incubation time. Radiochemical purity of 99mTc-DTPA-DG was determined by ascending paper chromatography and electrophoresis paper. The results showed that the labelling optimum conditions of 99mTc-DTPA-DG was achieved by the number of ligand 2-deoxy-D-glucose as much as 2 mg, co-ligand DTPA 750 µg, 50 µg SnCl2.2H2O, the reaction takes place at pH 6 with an incubation time of 30 min at room temperature. 99mTc-DTPA-DG has a radiochemical purity of 93.16±1.31% and the electrophoresis results showed that there is a difference between the peaks of 99mTc-DTPA-DG with other impurities including 99mTc-DTPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in water quality can be shown in physical, chemical and biological indicators. The presence of phytoplankton can be used as a bioindicator to evaluate changes in water quality and fertility in a water. The purpose of this study was to determine the abundance and biological index of phytoplankton in the Ir.H. Djuanda Reservoir. The method used is a survey. Types of phytoplankton obtained in the results of the study consisted of 6 classes and 36 species. The average abundance of phytoplankton in the waters of the Ir. H. Djuanda ranged from 23809 – 98810 cells/l. The results of the analysis of diversity (H') = 1.78 – 2.53, uniformity index (E) = 0.62 – 0.8 and dominance index (C) = 0.12 – 0.28. These results indicate that the diversity of phytoplankton in the Ir. H. Djuanda has moderate diversity, high uniformity and no dominance. Based on the value of the diversity index, it shows that the reservoir is classified as lightly polluted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the realization that the rapid worldwide growth of educational systems over the last two decades has not produced the expected eradication of social inequality, an international seminar was held for educational policy-makers, planners from developing countries, research workers in the area, and representatives of aid agencies from 33 countries. Three principal topics were examined: the diagnosis of inequalities in education and possible future objectives in the area; strategies for the reduction of inequalities; and education and inequalities in the labor market. The perspective of the developing countries was emphasized throughout. This volume contains 20 papers presented at the conference. Educational inequality, educational expansion, and employment inequalities are examined in several areas: Yemen, Upper Volta, People's Republic of Benin, Ethiopia, Zanzibar, East Java, Cuba, Guatemala, Thailand, Vietnam, and Iran. Other papers examine the question from a more global or general perspective. This volume is a companion to another publication containing a report of the seminar, a synthesis of the discussions that took place, and a selection of five papers presented. (JM)

Papers from a workshop on the role and development of national languages include: "What Is a National Language Good for?" (Florian Coulmas); "To the Language Born: Thoughts on the Problem of National and International Languages" (Jacob Mey); "Swahili as a National Language in East Africa" (Marilyn Merritt, Mohamed Abdulaziz); "Implementing Morocco's Arabization Policy: Two Problems of Classification" (Beverley Seckinger); "Modern Hebrew as a National Language" (Robert L. Cooper); "The Emergence of the National Language in Ethiopia: An Historical Perspective" (Mulugeta Seyoum); "Malay in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore: Three Faces of a National Language" (Peter Lowenberg); and "What National Languages Are Good for" (Ralph Fasold). (MSE)

The demand of tissue papers is increasing with the population increase. This will definitely increase the need of wood fibers as the main raw material. However, due to the wood shortages, there have been many attempts to use non- wood fibers as substitutes for papermaking. In Indonesia, corn production has gradually increased for the last 5 years, hence it also has an impact on the raising in the amount of corn husk waste. Corn husk has a high cellulose content which suitable to be used as a raw material for tissue papermaking. In this experiment, soda pulping process was conducted to remove out lignin. The resulting tissue paper will be added with additives that have antimicrobial properties of chitosan and mangosteen peel for the purpose of increasing the tensile strength or absorption of water. The aim of this research is to study the effect of depending variables (temperature and NaOH concentration) on chemical composition (cellulose and lignin content), and physical properties including water absorption and tensile strength.The research was started with the initial process of removing the lignin content in the pulp by pretreating delignification using the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) process with several variations in concentration (4–10%), and temperature (60–90°C) for 1.5 hours. To obtain tissue with a good physical condition, it has been influenced by the optimum chemical composition containing high cellulose and low lignin content, high tensile strength and water absorption. The optimum conditions for tissue paper in this study were at 90°C and 4% of NaOH concentration. The next step will be to vary the composition of the additive in order to obtain the effect of physical properties (tensile strength and water absorption). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism and digital tourism research documents have increased in the last 10 years, 2009-2019, reaching more than 200 documents per year. Tourism and digital tourism research documents in Indonesia have also increased since the first time in 2013, above 10 papers per year. Indonesia is still lagging behind in the publication of Tourism and digital tourism research, compared to China's first rank at 165 documents. Type of research publication Tourism and digital tourism, internationally reputed Scopus, in Indonesia is still limited to Conference Paper, Article, Conference Review and Book Chapter, so it requires a strong effort to catch up with other countries. At present, Scopus documents have increased in the last 10 years, 2009-2019, reaching more than 200 documents per year. However, Tourism and digital tourism research documents in Indonesia, for the first time in 2013, began to increase above 10 papers per year. This is supported by international collaboration, including China, France, Hong Kong, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States. And supported by International institution collaboration, including Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Universiti Utara Malaysia, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, University of Brighton, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, East China Normal University, Universite Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, and Massey University Auckland. Affiliation in Indonesia, Tourism and digital tourism research published in Scopus, 35 Affiliation, including Bandung Institute of Technology, Bina Nusantara University, Universitas Indonesia, Gadjah Mada University. Funding sponsor, 1979-2019, 159 funding sponsor, including National Natural Science Foundation of China, European Commission, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan. In Indonesia, 2013 to 2019, 4 funding sponsor, Binus University, Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, and Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document contains seven papers about and from an international meeting on promoting linkage between technical and vocational education and the world of work. The first paper, a Final Report on the "International Expert Meeting on the Promotion of Linkage between Technical/Vocational Education and the World of Work (Tokyo, Japan, 3-6 February 1997)," examines the following: the meeting's purpose; main points raised in the keynote and country papers and multimedia presentations; major issues (major implications of multimedia and networks and their use to develop competencies through self-learning; financing of the development of multimedia approaches; evaluation of student achievements through multimedia methods; and new roles of teachers); field visits connected with the meeting; and recommendations to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) member states. The following six papers constitute the remainder of the document: "International Trends and Developments in Technical and Vocational Education" (Gregor Ramsey); "Technical Education and the World of Work: The Brazilian Context" (Ana Maria Lakomy); "Current Trends of TVET [Technical and Vocational Education and Training] in Germany" (Antonius Lipsmeier); "Linkage between Technical and Vocational Education and the World of Work in Indonesia" (Rina Arlianti); "Technical and Vocational Education in Japan" (Haruo Nishinosono); and "The Promotion of Linkage between Technical/Vocational Education and the World of Work in Korea" (Tae-Hwa Jung). (MN)

The research population is all students of Narotama University, 1633 students. There are 286 document results of urban solar articles on scopus.com. Select year range to analyze: 2011 to 2022, documents per year by source. More than 10 papers: Solar Energy 26 documents, Energy Procedia 16, Renewable Energy 13, IOP Conference Series Earth And Environmental Science 11. There are 286 document results of urban solar articles on scopus.com. Select year range to analyze: 2011 to 2022, documents by affiliation. More than 5 paper: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 13 documents, Universidade de Lisboa 11, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa 8, University of Zagreb 7, Politecnico di Milano 7, Lunds Universitet 7, Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet 6. There are 286 document results of urban solar articles on scopus.com. Select year range to analyze: 2011 to 2022, documents by country or territory. More than 20 papers: China 34 papers, the United States 34, Italy 28, the United Kingdom 27. There are 286 document results of urban solar articles on scopus.com. Select year range to analyze: 2011 to 2022, documents by subject area. More than 30 papers: Energy 161 documents, Engineering 89, Environmental Science 86, Social Sciences 38, Materials Science 32, Computer Science 31, and Earth and Planetary Sciences 31 researches. There are 286 document results of urban solar articles on scopus.com. Select year range to analyze: 2011 to 2022, documents by funding sponsors. More than 5 papers: National Natural Science Foundation of China 9 documents, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme 7, Energimyndigheten 6, European Commission 6. Crosstab analysis is intended to cross two or more variables to determine the relationship between these variables. The data used is nominal or ordinal type data, categorical data. Student support MBKM especially MBKM KKN Village, we can see that the best Department are Civil Engineering, Law, Information System, Computer System, Accounting and PGPAUD. Curriculum support MBKM especially MBKM KKN Village, we can see that the best Department are Law and PGPAUD. Ministry support MBKM especially MBKM KKN Village, we can see that the best Department are Civil Engineering, PGPAUD and Accounting. Student support to share MBKM program especially MBKM KKN Village, we can see that the best Department are Civil Engineering, PGPAUD and Accounting [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disaster management is considered global jeopardies toward humankind toward their sustainable development goals. Technology driven for this disaster management plays vital role in responding and recovering disaster management within mitigated risk. The technology refers to Artificial Intelligence Technology for disaster preparedness, response and recovery. Indonesia and Japan Disaster Management is chosen as comparative analysis due to its similarities and differences between two countries that are prone to disaster. In this paper, the Artificial Intelligence's technology and method refer but not limited to method of Expert Systems (ES), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Fuzzy Logic (FL), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS). The objective of this paper is to generate comparative analysis between Indonesia and Japan Disaster Management. Eventually, this paper is intended to intertwine Artificial Intelligence with Disaster Management. The approaches to intertwine both aspects are conducted within Trilogy of Civil Engineering, Industrial Engineering and Business Engineering. As research methodology, this paper elaborates both theoretical and empirical perspectives, that commence with global perspective and eventually it shortlists into the comparative analysis between Indonesia and Japan Disaster Management. Within the Engineering Trilogy, to begin with, Civil Engineering toward disaster management considers wide spectrum of theoretical and empirical perspectives to augment disaster resilience. Furthermore, Industrial Engineering and to some extent the Industrial and System Engineering, synergize the disaster management within its supply chain and digital transformation's information system as competitive advantage. Eventually, the Business Engineering wraps up both Civil Engineering and Industrial Engineering into integrated Business Strategies, through the Technology Driven including Artificial Intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the legality of subsidies for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises, the mechanisms for how such measures and frameworks are applicable, and the urgencies on why this framework shall be applied. This paper consists of three main objectives. The first objective is to discuss the legality of subsidies for MSMEs according to the Subsidies and Countervailing Measures Agreement in Annex 1A WTO Agreement. The second objective discusses Indonesia's Municipal Law which provides subsidies for MSMEs and how can the WTO Member States can learn to apply this measure. And the third objective seeks to explain the urgencies of this framework which are economic recovery from the Covid-19 Pandemic, and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. By applying the Utilitarianism Theory, and the Absolute Advantage Theory, the writer may understand that WTO Member States shall apply non-actionable subsidies to act according to the SCM Agreement, Furthermore, the writer may also understand that Indonesia's Law herein may acquire its status as customary international law if it is persistently applied. Lastly, subsidies for MSMEs shall be applied by each WTO Member State to recover from the pandemic's effect and in achieving SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction project within construction industry is deemed as high process industry through its perspectives of reliability and quality. Therefore, misconduct of the execution in this industry plays vital role of generating wide array of accidents and diseases. On empirical perspectives and on Indonesia's Construction project the risk intertwines wide spectrum of activities and processes. To some extent, it requires improvement and decision-making strategy. Subsequently, on theoretical perspectives, the risk mitigations in construction industry have been implemented. To begin with, failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is deemed conventional method in proceeding vis-à-vis construction industry. Furthermore, FMEA is followed by other methods, e.g., FTA, known as fault tree analysis; ETA, identified as event tree analysis. Ultimately, there are HAZOP study, as refer to hazard and operability study, and root cause analysis. The objective of this paper is to harness the theoretical and empirical perspectives of FMEA through the lens of improvement and decision-making strategy, within Indonesia's construction project. In term of improvement strategy, FMEA contributes not only to improvement strategy but also in failure risk reprioritization within FMEA methodology. Precisely, this FMEA methodology, is using index of risk priority number, namely RPN, through trilogy of detection ability (D), occurrence (O), and severity (S). In term of decision-making strategy, FMEA contributes to lean and sustainability concept, to some options of reducing waste with goal of augmenting productivity and enhancing customer's value proposition. This paper refers to the FMEA's improvement and decision-making strategy in both theoretical and empirical perspectives within Indonesia's construction project and its relevant research methodology. Ultimately, this paper elaborates integrated FMEA within bibliometric analysis as the result of Venn Diagram's Intersection among functional FMEA, process FMEA and design FMEA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a proven method for increasing oil production in many oil fields in the world. Huge oil remaining in the reservoir after primary and secondary recovery stage are the main reason for developing EOR methods. Approximately of 49.50 billion barrels oil as a candidate for EOR activities in Indonesia. This present study focuses on the chemical EOR activities involved surfactant and polymer. This research based on pertinent information from various resources such as journal papers, conference papers, and report from the government. Based on this information, this paper explain in detail the progress of each project and it shows the potential oil field employ chemical EOR in the near future. Generally, the EOR activities can be categorized into two phases such as preliminary study phase and field implementation phase. In the preliminary study, the activities simply involve experimental and/or simulation works. Following the preliminary is the field implementation phase which can be categorized into three phases such as field trial, pilot project, and full-scale. In fact, several activities have been conducted by Lemigas (government oil and gas research center), Institut Teknologi Bandung, Institut Pertanian Bogor. These activities focused on laboratory and simulation work. Those institutions have been developing the chemical formula collaborating with oil companies for applying the EOR method in their oil fields. Currently, status of chemical EOR activities include 5 oil fields under pilot project and 12 oil fields under field trial. There are 7 oil fields applying surfactant, 4 oil fields by alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP), 2 oil fields by polymer, 1 oil field by surfactant polymer (SP), and 1 oil field by caustic. According to this information, we will have insight knowledge about the EOR current activities, the main issues, future activities on chemical EOR in Indonesia. Moreover, this study can became the preliminary information for researchers who interested conducting further research and development on the chemical EOR activities in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acacia Mangium and Eucalyptus Pellita had been used as raw material of pulp in Indonesia. In this research 5-year old of the wood were pulped under different active alkali charge varied at 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20% and its effect on pulp yield, pulp viscosity and kappa number was investigated. The cooking was done in a rotating digester Haato 6 chambers and 300 gram of dry mass chips were used, with sulfidity 25%, H-factor 800, temperature 165°C and ratio between chips and liquid was 1: 3,5. The pulp screened yield indicates that decreased from 53,7 to 52,25% for acacia mangium and 53,0 to 50,6% for eucalyptus pellita when active alkali charge increased. Kappa number decreased from 19,0 to 16,8 for acacia mangium and 16,69 to 13,4 for eucalyptus pellita when active alkali charge increased. The viscosity decreased from 818 to 378 ml/g for acacia mangium and 697 to 426,8 ml/g for eucalyptus pellita when active alkali charge increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automotive industry is believed to be the pioneer in pushing the growth of manufacturing industry in Indonesia. Electric vehicles (EV) entry to the Indonesian automotive market at the moment is relatively new, with market penetration being modest at best. It is estimated that 30% of automotive component suppliers in Indonesia will disappear because EVs have fewer components than current conventional vehicles. An effective strategy is needed so that the automotive industry is able to face the transformation towards electric vehicle. the objectives of this research are 1) Understanding Indonesian research trends based on themes and keywords from industrial engineering and 2) Discover what research is increasingly getting momentum. The results show that Supply Chain Management is the most favourite knowledge area for a study of automotive component industry, recorded 13 papers from 2010 to 2021. The second most favourite is Engineering Management with 12 papers between 2010 and 2021. The keywords trends and Scival Topic Prominance are also discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The supply chain in the food industry has an influence in supporting everyday life. The ups and downs of supply chain performance in the food industry can have a significant impact on the economy. As a result of the ups and downs of the supply chain, organizations or companies try to apply the SCOR model method. This study aims to conduct a literature review related to supply chain performance by using the SCOR model approach. The research method chosen is the systematic literature review method. The articles used in this study were 44 articles. Based on this research, the SCOR model approach can improve supply chain performance in the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emerging of Electric Vehicles (EV) industry amidst Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) automotive industry has arisen a critical challenge on human resources development. The major shift of automotive component is happening and need a new labor skill for emerging EV automotive industry as well as transitioning ICE automotive industry. Hence, it is essential to delve the impact of labor amidst on going ICE to EV transition on automotive industry in Indonesia. The qualitative method through desk review approach was adopted for the paper work. There are two study objectives for this paper: (1) Current condition of Indonesia EV ecosystem and (2) Pathway of human resources development reflecting the current condition on Indonesia EV ecosystem. It is found that Indonesia EV ecosystem is on the right track based on its policy & regulation and industrial perspective. However, in terms of market response and human resource readiness, the evaluation is still needed. Lack of knowledge and information about EV technology hinder the progress. Therefore, the pathway of human resources development on Indonesia EV ecosystem is proposed on this paper. The pathway provides the mitigation map on upskilling and reskilling for labour in automotive industry in four work levels: engineer, manual technician, non-manual technician, and operator. The strong collaboration between stakeholders is needed to hasten the progress. Also, it is suggested that the blueprint and national roadmap for EV industry Indonesia are need to be formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amid the ascension of climate change and global warming as pervasive issues of worldwide relevance, the urgency for environmental entrepreneurship and sustainable development has been notably emphasized. This focus becomes critical within rapidly maturing economies such as Indonesia, where the potential to significantly influence climate neutrality and business competitiveness is immense, contingent upon the effective cultivation of green entrepreneurial ethos. However, the integration rate of eco-friendly business tenets remains discouragingly static, largely due to acute insufficiencies in consciousness-raising, pedagogical resources, and sector-specific proficiency. The present paper embarks on a critical scrutiny of environmental business opportunities within the Indonesian milieu. A comprehensive discrepancy analysis pertaining to the development of green entrepreneurship proficiencies is detailed, predominantly from a community vantage point. This inquiry constitutes a part of the European-endorsed initiative, the ASEAN Network for Green Entrepreneurship and Leadership (ANGEL), purposed to fortify entrepreneurial competence and sustainable perspective among diverse community stakeholders. Through a methodologically structured survey, engagement with academia, requisite support for communal development, and perceived hindrances to nurturing green entrepreneurship are explored. The findings highlight a substantial interest to the promotion of green entrepreneurship within the community, with resource scarcity emerging as a formidable challenge. Moreover, our discrepancy analysis underscores a pressing need for escalated cooperation among key participants, including local enterprises, governmental agencies, and residential communities, to enable the efficacious actualization of green entrepreneurial ventures. The paper extends its probe to capture the community's perspective on green entrepreneurship, considering the viewpoints of women, minority groups, and financially marginalized segments within urban and rural contexts. Despite a robust commitment towards green entrepreneurship detected in the survey responses, the manifestation of sustainability-centred initiatives remains sparse. The paper concludes by delineating the impediments encountered in the proliferation of green entrepreneurship, underlining the vital need for sustained efforts to overcome these barriers and further propel Indonesia's journey towards sustainability. The research delineated in this paper represents a significant leap towards comprehending and fostering green entrepreneurship in Indonesia, providing crucial insights to stakeholders aiming to act as catalysts for future progression in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bonn Call for Action in 2012 is a joint statement of IAEA and WHO, which intended to foster global coordinated work to address issues arising in radiation protection in medical practices. The statement has been delivering a great impact on the organ dose assessment in practice in Indonesia. One of the statements has encouraged the establishment of organ dose assessment in nuclear medicine therapy that needs to be more developed. In Indonesia, the organ dose statement has been intensively promoted since 2013, when the organ dose assessment for the diagnostic procedure has been initiated, and continued with the radionuclide therapy procedures in 2014 and so on. This paper aimed for reviewing the works that have been done in organ dose assessment for nuclear medicine practices in Indonesia as the impact of the Bonn Call for Actions 2012, and the following stages which need to be performed. To evaluate the works, several published papers related to organ dose assessment have been reviewed and the analysis has been carried out. The result shows that for research purposes, organ dose assessment has been implemented. However, organ dose assessment is a part of optimization for the radiation protection of patients. It would be better if the research on organ dose for the patient in nuclear medicine will be more enhanced in clinical practice, especially when the new radiopharmaceutical will be administered to the patients either in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As of March 2022, NuScale has published the 5th revision of all safety analysis reports that have been evaluated by the USNRC in the final safety evaluation report, which states that the NuScale design has met all safety requirements. With this development, NuScale will likely to be the first small modular reactor to receive a design certificate from the USNRC. Meanwhile, a study has explored the prospect of developing NuScale technology in Indonesia, which applies the regulatory system based on large-power light water reactors as also a common practice in many countries. Thus, the problem raised by this paper was how NuScale implemented graded approach to meet all the regulatory requirements? This question is very important considering the possibility of NuScle technology deployement in Indonesia and the fact that international standards for applying a graded approach to a nuclear power plant are not yet available. Hence, This paper aims to examine the application of the graded approach to NuScale technology. The method applied in this study was descriptive, analytical, and qualitative, utilized secondary data from credible international references, and carried out in four steps. The study started with the identification of relevant references and then selected one of them as the main reference while the other can be used for comparison. The level of coverage completeness and detail of instruction were used as the selection criteria of the identified documents The selected main reference was then studied to identify graded approach fields of application. Finally, the study also assesses how NuScale has implemented graded approach in those fields. This study concluded that NEI 18-04 document, as the selected main reference, is a comprehensive and detailed guide, and thus can be used as a reference to implement the graded approach in the three application fields, i.e.: selection of licensing basis events; classification of structures, systems and components; and evaluation of the adequacy of defense-in-depth. Furthermore, NuScale in their licensing document has demonstrated graded approach in the three fields of application with a method that is comparable to those described in the NEI 18-04. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The industrial revolution 4.0 is concerned with process automation, artificial intelligent, and personalization. This revolution is driven by the very rapid development of digital technology so that the characteristics of this industry are a process that is increasingly efficient and transparent and is very oriented towards customer needs. The main objective of this paper is to describe the current state of the smart gas grid concept that has recently begun to be discussed as Indonesia enters thes industrial era 4.0. This paper provides a detailed discussion of the expected features of a smart gas grid, with first paying attention to existing academic literature related and ongoing worldwide projects. In doing this, this paper also discusses the potential for rethinking the smart grid paradigm from the perspective of the entire energy system, including the integration of electricity and gas networks, and identifies some important key aspects that must be addressed when developing a new smart energy system paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a solution concept to develop an IA framework for Smart Government. Smart Government is an extended model of eGovernment and is an attempt to use developing technology to realise unfulfilled promises from previous modernisation initiatives such as new public management and eGovernment. Since the implementation of Smart Government relying on ICT, an approach to protect any threat to the information and systems and assure the business continuity in the event of an is needed. As a result, information assurance (IA) should be taken into consideration. The basic goal of information assurance is to protect businesses by lowering risks connected with data and information systems and assuring business continuity. However, although there are some studies focused on IA for eGovernment in Indonesia, there is no study so far that has focused on IA for Smart Government in Indonesia. This paper provides an overview of the relationship between Smart Cities, Smart Governance, and Smart Government. Furthermore, because Smart Government is an extended model of eGovernment, this paper also formulates a solution concept to develop an IA framework for eGovernment further to be an IA framework for Smart Government. The solution is, by using the triangulation method, an IA framework for Smart Government can be developed by identifying IA factors for eGovernment, IoT, Big Data, and Open Data. Using the solution concept, the future framework can be used to support IA implementation for Smart Government in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oceans are so vast that it is estimated that humans have only explored 5% of their total surface area. Oceans cover more than 70% of the Earth's surface. Unknowingly, the ocean is one of the main sources of support for many humans. Unfortunately, the importance of oceans is often overlooked. Humans are important entities that have a significant impact on the changes that occur in the oceans. Since before 1972, humans have often indirectly dumped garbage, sewage sludge, chemical waste, commercial waste, and radioactive waste into the sea. According to analysis, 80% of worldwide marine pollution is from land-based pollution (Land-primarily based sources pollution/"LBSP"). The plastic waste, nutrients, pesticides, weight, sediment, and steel waste that enter the water glide through LBSP are the result of family activities, industry, tourism, and agriculture. Every year, 8 million tonnes of plastic waste from deep inland areas ends up inside the ocean, on top of the expected 150 million tonnes, that presently circulate marine environments. This paper was conducted through a literature study and in-depth analysis the using qualitative research methods. This paper pursuits to analyse the proper strategy that the Indonesian government can take as a primary contributor to plastic waste inside the global and reduce ocean pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of studies on the circular economy continues to increase by researchers from various countries, including Indonesia. This study's objectives are to map the literature on the circular economy and make suggestions for industrial engineering-based circular economy research in Indonesia. A thorough analysis of the circular economy research publications in Indonesia was conducted to accomplish that. Research trends, authors who receive the most citations, research partner nations, papers that receive the most citations, mapping of research objects, journals that publish the most articles, and keywords used are among the findings. Researchers planning studies on the circular economy, particularly in Indonesia, should find this research beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Songket is part of the intangible cultural heritage of Indonesia. Songket is one of the wastra of Indonesia. Wastra is derived from a Sanskrit word and means 'fabric with cultural content'. The objective of the paper is to analyse songket Indonesia's virtual exhibition as a form of digital cultural method to preserve the intangible culture of Indonesia. Digital culture is a popular topic in the world of cultural heritage preservation. The National Museum of Indonesia and the Ministry of Education and Culture held a virtual exhibition of Songket Indonesia on December 13, 2021, called 'Songket Indonesia Connected the Universe'. The event launched the website of the Songket Indonesia museum. Indonesia has more than 1582 items of intangible cultural heritage. This exhibition featured forty songket wastra from all over Indonesia including Aceh, Padang, Palembang, and Bali. This paper takes the form and method of a case study. The analysis through in-depth historical reviews and analysis of variables, measures, relationships, and patterns that emerged throughout the study on fashion marketing mix theory, and the promotion mix methods by the fashion marketing digital funnel. The successes and failures of digital heritage campaigns in the form of a virtual songket exhibition were identified in the review of literature, and were analysed, adapted, and enumerated according to findings from the case study. The results are limited to the study of one virtual exhibition of songket Indonesia. The research was identified as digital heritage that could be used to study other virtual exhibitions and digital events for cultural preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article examines self-challenge, self-flexibility, and self-recognition as the first set of variables, and its relationship with entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention as the second set of variables. This research was conducted on business-management students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, State University of Malang. The subjects in the study had taken entrepreneurship courses and entrepreneurship programs held on campus. There were 113 students who participated voluntarily as research respondents. Data were collected using the Google form and analyzed with canonical correlation to examine the relationship between the two sets of variables. The research results reveal that there is a relationship between the two sets of variables, and there is a congruence in direction between the two sets of variables. [This paper was published in: "Proceedings of the BISTIC Business Innovation Sustainability and Technology International Conference (BISTIC 2023)," edited by I. Zutiasari and D. T. Kurniawan, 2023, pp. 123-31.]

Teaching is an axiomatic activity for a lecturer. The teaching strategies are prepared before the teaching start. It might be a semester before, or even a year before the teaching activity. This will be challenging for EFL lecturer who teach in a vocational higher education that prepares the students with full skills to work in the field (having a real-world skill). Today, a challenge disrupting well-planned teaching strategies is the sudden Corona Virus or Covid-19 pandemic. This virus forces the world activities online to keep distance and stop the spread of the virus, including Indonesia. Luckily, the application of strategies is quite flexible, the lecturer could change it and adjust to the current changing situation [1]. Also, the lecturer usually has a backup plan or plan B to prepare for the unexpected challenges that emerge suddenly in the process of teaching and learning. Thus, this paper attempted to find interesting strategies that lecturers choose to achieve the goals of the vocational higher education, in some classes with field-skill practice goals in a vocational higher education. Specifically, this paper attempted in the English Department, Politeknik Negeri Padang, during the Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maternal and child health are part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Globally, the world is pushing to reduce maternal mortality to below 70 per 100,000 live births and to reduce infant and under-five years old children mortality rate to 12 per 1000 live births by 2030. However, maternal and child mortality rates in Indonesia remain quite high. Indonesia National Survey data show maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is still quite high at 305 per 100,000 population and the child mortality rate is 24 per 1,000 live births. In order to reduce maternal and child mortality rate, Indonesian government implements various policy interventions including by pushing local governments to create policy innovation in maternal and child health. SANPIISAN (Love and Care for Mothers and Children) is an initiative from Health Office of Kota Semarang to create an integrated system to carry out preventive measures to reduce maternal and child mortality rate in Kota Semarang. Given the success of SANPIISAN, this paper examines the mechanisms that sustain the innovation. In order to answer the question, the paper utilizes diffusion of innovation theory to analyse the diffusion and momentum processes of ideas within a specific social system. Methodology of the research is qualitative research and data are derived from interviews with main policy actors in SANPIISAN program (N=10). We argue that the success of SANPIISAN is supported by strong network among innovation adopters. The research contributes to the growing discussion in local policy innovation to support the achievement of SDGs. We conclude that SANPIISAN has proven to be one of the strategic and effective efforts that has significant leverage for the prevention of maternal and child mortality rates in Kota Semarang. Moreover, the program has been acknowledged as one of good practices in local government initiatives to reduce maternal and child mortality rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction Management, in global perspective, are considered country's primary economic investment and deemed as augmenting factors for Infrastructure Development. This Infrastructure Development is deemed ubiquitous with the establishment of Electronic Toll Gate's Construction Management. The objective of this paper constitutes the elaboration among the Construction Management Risk (CMR) and Digital Technology (DT). Precisely, the elaboration is conducted through theoretical perspective and the Research Methodology of Multidisciplinary Trilogy of Civil Engineering, Industrial Engineering and Business Engineering. Construction Management in this paper constitutes centre stage of Systems Dynamic Modelling (SDM) including its critical review and future research. The aforementioned theoretical perspective is intertwined with the empirical perspective, in which Indonesia's Infrastructure is in the full swing along with the car ownership's growth in Indonesia is significantly needed to be aligned with the construction management of electronic toll gate. This paper analysis is using SmartPLS and its questionnaire for research model toward the payment willingness on an On-Board Unit (OBU). The questionnaire consists in particular variables of Gender, Education (Significant), Age, Income, Expense (Significant), Distance (Significant), Frequency (Significant) and Knowledge. Within quantitative approach as Research Methodology, then SmartPLS is further analysis the indicators toward decision making for empirical perspectives. The major indicators analysis both Distance Travel (DT) and Travel Frequency (TF), are investigated its impact on Willingness to Pay (WTP), through the following but not limited to Coefficient value of original sample, standard error, and T-statistics, including its correlation through Chi-Square Test Result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]