24,911,733 results
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2. Paper Meets Plastic: The Perceived Environmental Friendliness of Product Packaging.
- Author
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Sokolova, Tatiana, Krishna, Aradhna, and Döring, Tim
- Subjects
PLASTICS in packaging ,ENVIRONMENTAL risk ,CONSUMER attitudes ,PACKAGING materials ,PAPER ,CONSUMER preferences ,WILLINGNESS to pay ,COGNITIVE bias - Abstract
Packaging waste makes up more than 10% of the landfilled waste in the United States. While consumers often want to make environmentally friendly product choices, we find that their perceptions of the environmental friendliness of product packaging may systematically deviate from its objective environmental friendliness. Eight studies (N = 4,103) document the perceived environmental friendliness (PEF) bias whereby consumers judge plastic packaging with additional paper to be more environmentally friendly than identical plastic packaging without the paper. The PEF bias is driven by consumers' "paper = good, plastic = bad" beliefs and by proportional reasoning, wherein packaging with a greater paper-to-plastic proportion is judged as more environmentally friendly. We further show that the PEF bias impacts consumers' willingness to pay and product choice. Importantly, this bias can be mitigated by a "minimal packaging sticker" intervention, which increases the environmental friendliness perceptions of plastic-only packaging, rendering plastic-packaged products to be preferable to their plastic-plus-paper-packaged counterparts. This research contributes to the packaging literature in marketing and to research on sustainability while offering practical implications for managers and public policy officials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Synthesis of Water-Dispersible Poly(dimethylsiloxane) and Its Potential Application in the Paper Coating Industry as an Alternative for PFAS-Coated Paper and Single-Use Plastics.
- Author
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Hamdani, Syeda Shamila, Elkholy, Hazem M., Alford, Alexandra, Jackson, Kang, Naveed, Muhammad, Wyman, Ian, Wang, Yun, Li, Kecheng, Haider, Syed W., and Rabnawaz, Muhammad
- Subjects
SINGLE-use plastics ,PAPER industry ,KRAFT paper ,COATINGS industry ,PAPER recycling ,PLASTIC marine debris ,FLUOROALKYL compounds ,BIODEGRADABLE plastics - Abstract
Polyethylene-, polyvinylidene chloride-, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance-coated paper generate microplastics or fluorochemicals in the environment. Here, we report an approach for the development of oil-resistant papers using an environmentally friendly, fluorine-free, water-dispersible poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) coating on kraft paper. Carboxylic-functionalized PDMS (PDMS-COOH) was synthesized and subsequently neutralized with ammonium bicarbonate to obtain a waterborne emulsion, which was then coated onto kraft paper. The water resistance of the coated paper was determined via Cobb60 measurements. The Cobb60 value was reduced to 2.70 ± 0.14 g/m
2 as compared to 87.6 ± 5.1 g/m2 for uncoated paper, suggesting a remarkable improvement in water resistance. Similarly, oil resistance was found to be 12/12 on the kit test scale versus 0/12 for uncoated paper. In addition, the coated paper retained 70–90% of its inherent mechanical properties, and more importantly, the coated paper was recycled via pulp recovery using a standard protocol with a 91.1% yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Gideon D. Camden (1805-1891) Papers
- Author
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Camden, Gideon D. (1805-1891) and Camden, Gideon D. (1805-1891)
- Subjects
- Camden, Gideon D. (1805-1891), Camden, Wilson Lee., Coal mines and mining., Compromise of 1850., Democratic National Convention of 1876., Democratic Party (U.S.), Election of 1848., Election of 1868., Harrison County (W. Va.), Emigration and immigration., Land use., Lawyers letters and papers., Lumber trade., Petroleum industry and trade., Politics and government., Railroads., Railroads Parkersburg-Wheeling railroad struggle., Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877), Secession., Taxation Tariff of 1846., Transportation., Virginia. Constitutional Convention (1850-1851), West Virginia University, West Virginia. Constitution. Flick Amendment, West Virginia. Constitutional Convention (1872), Whig Party (U.S.), Capitals (Cities), Coal mines and mining., Compromise of 1850., Emigration and immigration., Land use., Lumber trade., Petroleum industry and trade., Politics and government., Railroads., Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877), Secession., Transportation., Pennsylvania., West Virginia Capital and capitol., Pennsylvania., United States., West Virginia., West Virginia Harrison County.
- Abstract
The "View now" link directs to the finding aid only. Please email wvrhcref@westvirginia.libanswers.com or call 304-293-3536 for more information about accessing collection A & M 1199 Gideon D. Camden (1805-1891) Papers, 1784-1958, undated. Papers of Judge Gideon D. Camden (1805-1891) of Clarksburg, Harrison County, West Virginia, and papers of his grandson Wilson Lee Camden (1870-1958). Gideon D. Camden was a lawyer, Democratic politician, member of the Virginia Convention of 1850-1851, circuit judge, and state senator (1872-1876). His papers include correspondence, legal and business papers, surveys and plats, and printed material. Subjects include Virginia, West Virginia, and national politics; the railroad, oil, timber, and coal industries; and Camden's law practice. Wilson Lee Camden papers include correspondence, legal papers, surveys and plats, printed material, business manuscripts, photographs, map, and ledgers. Subjects include the settlement of his grandfather's estate, and extensive coal, timber, land, railroad, and oil interests in West Virginia and Western Pennsylvania. See Scope and Content Note for more information
- Published
- 2023
5. WASTE PAPER MANAGEMENT OF ACADEMIC INSTITUTE: AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE OF PAPER RECYCLING.
- Author
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PIRZADA, ABDUL MAJEED, MALLAH, NABI BAKHSH, ZUBERI, MUHAMMAD HASHIM, and ALI, IMRAN
- Subjects
PAPER recycling ,RECYCLED paper ,WASTE paper ,WASTE management ,ENVIRONMENTAL economics - Abstract
This research explores the challenges and limitations faced at the basic level for the recycling of paper in an academic institute. It focuses on encouraging recycled paper use rather than bringing traditional virgin paper to prevent the rate of deforestation for reducing global warming. Data was collected from the academic institute via questionnaire and on-site observation and found that the institute was producing approximately 16 tons of wastepaper in a year. Besides that, another purpose of this research is to estimate the energy and assess the environmental effect by using the life cycle assessment as a tool. The results of this study revealed that traditional virgin paper derived from wood proves to be costly and less environmentally friendly than recycled paper. It also revealed that Traditional virgin paper has greater global warming, human toxicity, smog, acidification, and eutrophication potential than recycled paper. This study concludes that recycled paper does not only prove economically beneficent for any institution, but also beneficial for environment as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
6. Raw Materials of Chinese Traditional Handmade paper.
- Author
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Cheuk Kei Chan and Xiaohui Yi
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Research on Strengthening Fragile Paper with Polyvinylamine.
- Author
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Li, Jing, Shi, Meirong, Li, Yuhu, and Fu, Peng
- Subjects
FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Abstract
Paper documents are an important carrier of information related to human civilization, with the reinforcement and protection of fragile paper documents being a key aspect of their protection. This research utilized amphoteric polyvinylamine polymer as a paper reinforcement agent, strengthening the Xuan paper commonly used in paper documents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), solid-state 13C NMR, and other analytical methods were employed to compare the physical properties, micro-morphology, crystallinity, and aging resistance of the paper before and after reinforcement. Research was conducted on the effects of reinforcement, the aging resistance, and the effects on the fiber structure. The results indicate that polyethylenimine has a filling and bridging effect between the paper fibers. After treatment with polyethylenimine, there was a significant improvement in the folding endurance and tensile strength of the paper. Additionally, the paper maintains a good mechanical strength even after undergoing dry heat and humid aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Paper, film and foil converter.
- Subjects
- Paper converting machinery Periodicals., Paper converting machinery Periodicals. United States, Packaging Periodicals. Technological innovations, Packaging Periodicals., Packaging Periodicals. Equipment and supplies, Papier Périodiques. Transformation Machines, Papier Périodiques. Transformation Machines États-Unis, Conditionnement (Emballage) Périodiques. Innovations, Conditionnement (Emballage) Périodiques., Packaging, Packaging Equipment and supplies, Packaging Technological innovations, Paper converting machinery, United States
- Published
- 2023
9. Optical and Printing Properties of Deinked Office Waste Printed Paper.
- Author
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Ghanbarzadeh, B., Ataeefard, M., Etezad, S. M., and Mahdavi, S.
- Subjects
OPTICAL properties ,DEINKING (Waste paper) ,PHOTOGRAPHIC printing ,CELLULASE ,PAPER recycling - Abstract
Deinking waste paper is done in various ways, and research on newer methods is also being done. Traditional deinking methods to remove ink from waste printing papers have a relatively high efficiency compared to contact methods, but in non-contact printing such as electrophotographic printing (LaserJet printers and photocopiers) due to Mixing of the ink with the paper texture during the stabilization of the ink with the help of high heat, the traditional deinking methods are less efficient and it is necessary to use newer methods. In this research, enzymatic deinking of office waste paper was done by a commercial cellulase enzyme in a neutral environment. 15 tests were conducted, and optical and printing properties including the paper were investigated. By measuring the reflection before and after printing and measuring the print density after printing, it was determined that the printability of deinked paper is within the desired range. Eric's number was 128 ppm for sample number 8 and 138 ppm for sample number 12, which has decreased compared to the control sample with an Eric number of 571 ppm. Measuring the reflection before and after printing and measuring the print density after printing, show that the printability of decomposed ink paper is in the desired range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Sustainable Utilization of Pulp and Paper Wastewater.
- Author
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Liang, Xiaoli, Xu, Yanpeng, Yin, Liang, Wang, Ruiming, Li, Piwu, Wang, Junqing, and Liu, Kaiquan
- Subjects
PAPER pulp ,SEWAGE ,PAPER industry ,PAPER recycling ,POLLUTION ,RECYCLED paper ,SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
The pulp and paper industry plays an important role in the global economy and is inextricably linked to human life. Due to its large scale, the production process generates a large amount of wastewater, which poses a major threat to the environment. The sustainable utilization and safe treatment of pulp and paper wastewater can effectively reduce environmental pollution, improve resource utilization efficiency, protect water resources, provide economic benefits for pulp and paper enterprises, and thus promote the green and sustainable development of the pulp and paper industry. Therefore, this study discusses the pollution components of pulp and paper wastewater and their impact on the environment and human health. In this review, we aim to explore the sustainable development of pulp and paper wastewater by summarizing the characteristics of current pulp and paper wastewater, the commonly used treatment methods for pulp and paper wastewater, the application of pulp and paper wastewater recycling, and the future development direction of pulp and paper wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Feasibility Study on Biodegradable Black Paper-Based Film Solidified Using Cooked Tung Oil.
- Author
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Wu, Yi, Shi, Yicheng, Zhao, Yudie, and Yin, Yu
- Subjects
BLACK films ,SUSTAINABLE agriculture ,HEAT conduction ,HYDROPHOBIC surfaces ,CONTACT angle ,CARBON-black ,BIODEGRADABLE plastics - Abstract
New biodegradable paper-based films are a hot research topic in the development of green agriculture. In this study, a black paper-based film coated with cooked tung oil with excellent mechanical properties, a hydrophobic surface, high heat transfer and strong weather resistance was prepared by spraying high-pigment carbon black solution on the surface of base paper. The results showed that the surface-solidified oil film had a rough structure produced via the brush coating process using cooked tung oil. The base film of the black paper had a given hydrophobic structure, and the contact angle reached 98.9°. Cooked tung oil permeates into the inside of the paper base, and after curing, it forms a multi-dimensional network film structure. The maximum tensile stress of the black paper base film is about 123% higher than that of the original paper base film. The coloring of carbon black gives the black paper base film a heat conduction effect, and the average heat transfer rate reaches 15.12 °C/s. Cooked tung oil is combined with the paper-based fiber high-toughness layer to form a stable system. The existence of a cured film improves the basic mechanics and hydrophobicity, and the resistance to ultraviolet radiation and hot air is greatly improved. This study provides a feasible scheme for the application of a black paper base film coated with cooked tung oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Monitoring of Cleaning Treatments for Paper Heritage with Raman Spectroscopy Mapping.
- Author
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Botti, Sabina, Bonfigli, Francesca, Mezi, Luca, and Flora, Francesco
- Subjects
RAMAN spectroscopy ,PAPER products ,CLEANING ,SPECTRAL imaging - Abstract
In the field of book heritage, it is important to develop cleaning/disinfecting treatments that can slow down the degradation of paper to prevent evident and irreversible damage. The objectives of the cleaning treatments are to remove external contaminants and oxidation and decomposition products of the paper, but these processes must not modify the unique characteristics of the book heritage resulting in irreversible changes in the structure of the paper. Recently, several innovative cleaning treatments were developed with the aim of being minimally invasive; however, to assess the effect of these treatments on paper, it is necessary to use a diagnostic non-destructive, rapid, and affordable process. In previous work, we used surface scanning Raman spectroscopy to develop a diagnostic protocol able to follow the aging processes of the paper, discriminating between hydrolysis and oxidation. In this paper, we applied this protocol to study the action of different types of treatments (hydrogel and EUV irradiation), evaluating both their effectiveness and impact on paper parameters. The results reported here demonstrate that the developed in operando diagnostic procedure can follow the changes in the paper structure comparing them to the variability due to the intrinsic inhomogeneity of paper, without sample contact in a rapid and effective way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Paper Textures.
- Author
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Lovett, John
- Subjects
WATERCOLOR ,WATERCOLOR painting ,COTTON fibers ,WOOD-pulp ,PAPER arts - Abstract
Storing and Carrying Paper With all the wetting and scrubbing a good sheet of watercolor paper can handle you would think it was pretty well indestructible. Paper Texture Watercolor paper comes in three main textures: smooth (called hot-pressed), medium (cold-pressed or CP) and rough. Demonstrations, Workshops & Master Painters of the World: WATERCOLOR Choosing a watercolor paper can be one of the most confusing aspects of watercolor painting. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
14. Mechanical Properties and Reinforcement of Paper Sheets Composited with Carboxymethyl Cellulose.
- Author
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Kobayashi, Junya, Kaneko, Masahiro, Supachettapun, Chamaiporn, Takada, Kenji, Kaneko, Tatsuo, Kim, Joon Yang, Ishida, Minori, Kawai, Mika, and Mitsumata, Tetsu
- Subjects
METHYLCELLULOSE ,STRESS-strain curves ,CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE ,BOND strengths ,AQUEOUS solutions - Abstract
The mechanical properties for paper sheets composited with glucose (Glc), methyl cellulose (MC), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were investigated. The paper composites were prepared by immersing paper sheets in aqueous solutions of these materials and drying at 100 °C for 30 min. The stress–strain curves for these paper composites were measured by a uniaxial tensile apparatus with a stretching speed of 2 mm/min. The breaking stress and strain for untreated paper were 24 MPa and 0.016, respectively. The paper composites demonstrated stress–strain curves similar to the untreated paper; however, the breaking point largely differed for these composites. The breaking strain and breaking stress for the Glc composite slightly decreased and those for the MC composite gradually increased with the concentration of materials composited. Significant increases in the mechanical properties were observed for the CMC composite. The breaking stress, breaking strain, and breaking energy for the 3 wt.% CMC composite were 2.0-, 3.9-, and 8.0-fold higher than those for untreated paper, respectively. SEM photographs indicated that the CMC penetrated into the inner part of the paper. These results strongly suggest that the mechanical improvement for CMC composites can be understood as an enhancement of the bond strength between the paper fibrils by CMC, which acts as a bonding agent. It was also revealed that the breaking strain, breaking stress, and breaking energy for the CMC composites were at maximum at the first cycle and decreased gradually as the immersion cycles increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Structural analysis of paper substrate for flexible microfluidics device application.
- Author
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Yadav, Supriya, Singh, Kulwant, Gupta, Anmol, Kumar, Mahesh, Sharma, Niti Nipun, and Akhtar, Jamil
- Subjects
MICROFLUIDIC devices ,MICROFLUIDICS ,DARCY'S law ,POROUS materials ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,MULTIPHASE flow ,SURFACE structure - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to predict a suitable paper substrate which has high capillary pressure with the tendency of subsequent fluid wrenching in onward direction for the fabrication of microfluidics device application. Design/methodology/approach: The experiment has been done on the Whatman
TM grade 1, WhatmanTM chromatography and nitrocellulose paper samples which are made by GE Healthcare Life Sciences. The structural characterization of paper samples for surface properties has been done by scanning electron microscope and ImageJ software. Identification of functional groups on the surface of samples has been done by Fourier transform infrared analysis. A finite elemental analysis has also been performed by using the "Multiphase Flow in Porous Media" module of the COMSOL Multiphysics tool which combines Darcy's law and Phase Transport in Porous Media interface. Findings: Experimentally, it has been concluded that the paper substrate for flexible microfluidic device application must have large number of internal (intra- and interfiber) pores with fewer void spaces (external pores) that have high capillary pressure to propel the fluid in onward direction with narrow paper fiber channel. Originality/value: Surface structure has a dynamic impact in paper substrate utilization in multiple applications such as paper manufacturing, printing process and microfluidics applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. John Frissell Papers
- Author
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Frissell, John, (1810-1882) and Frissell, John, (1810-1882)
- Subjects
- Frissell, John., Hospitals and sanitariums., Medical Society of the State of West Virginia, Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine., Physicians letters and papers., Wheeling (W. Va.), Wheeling Hospital, Wheeling Medical Society, United States History Civil War, 1861-1865, United States., West Virginia Wheeling.
- Abstract
The "View now" link directs to the finding aid only. Please email wvrhcref@westvirginia.libanswers.com or call 304-293-3536 for more information about accessing collection A & M 0932 John Frissell Papers, ca. 1858-1888. A scrapbook and clippings, advertisements, letters, manuscripts of speeches, and notes on medical practice, compiled by Dr. John Frissell (1810-1882), a physician at the Wheeling Hospital and medical superintendent of military prisoners and soldiers in Wheeling during the Civil War. The scrapbook is a folio volume, Register of the Sick and Wounded, U.S.A. General Hospital. There is also information on the Medical Society of the City of Wheeling, the West Virginia Medical Society, medical conventions in West Virginia, and Wheeling local history
- Published
- 2023
17. A review of recent infrared spectroscopy research for paper.
- Author
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Xia, Jingjing, Xiong, Yanmei, Min, Shungeng, and Li, Jinyao
- Subjects
INFRARED spectroscopy ,MID-infrared spectroscopy ,PAPER pulp ,DOCUMENT imaging systems ,CHEMICAL properties ,TECHNICAL reports - Abstract
For many centuries, paper is the main material for recording cultural achievements all over the world. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is an essential analytical tool for the structural analysis of paper and pulp chemistry. This review article introduced recent technical and scientific reports in terms of IR spectroscopy in the paper science and application, where interest had increased during the last couple decades (2000–2022). Five parts were described according to the application of IR spectroscopy: the analysis of cellulose and its derivatives, estimation the date of documents, identification the origins of fiber or paper, specification the chemical and physical properties of paper, and characterization the new materials of paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Erythrosine–Dialdehyde Cellulose Nanocrystal Coatings for Antibacterial Paper Packaging.
- Author
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Shi, Shih-Chen, Ouyang, Sing-Wei, and Rahmadiawan, Dieter
- Subjects
BIODEGRADABLE plastics ,CELLULOSE ,KRAFT paper ,PLASTICS ,PLASTICS in packaging ,POLYETHYLENE - Abstract
Though paper is an environmentally friendly alternative to plastic as a packaging material, it lacks antibacterial properties, and some papers have a low resistance to oil or water. In this study, a multifunctional paper-coating material was developed to reduce the use of plastic packaging and enhance paper performance. Natural cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with excellent properties were used as the base material for the coating. The CNCs were functionalized into dialdehyde CNCs (DACNCs) through periodate oxidation. The DACNCs were subsequently complexed using erythrosine as a photosensitizer to form an erythrosine–CNC composite (Ery-DACNCs) with photodynamic inactivation. The Ery-DACNCs achieved inactivations above 90% after 30 min of green light irradiation and above 85% after 60 min of white light irradiation (to simulate real-world lighting conditions), indicating photodynamic inactivation effects. The optimal parameters for a layer-by-layer dip coating of kraft paper with Ery-DACNCs were 4.5-wt% Ery-DACNCs and 15 coating layers. Compared to non-coated kraft paper and polyethylene-coated paper, the Ery-DACNC-coated paper exhibited enhanced mechanical properties (an increase of 28% in bursting strength). More than 90% of the bacteria were inactivated after 40 min of green light irradiation, and more than 80% were inactivated after 60 min of white light irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Development and Evolution of Papermaking in Ancient China based on the Uses and Forms of Paper.
- Author
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Xiaohui Yi
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The Surface Modification of Papers Using Laser Processing towards Applications.
- Author
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Dudek, Mariusz, Sąsiadek-Andrzejczak, Elżbieta, Jaszczak-Kuligowska, Malwina, Rokita, Bożena, and Kozicki, Marek
- Subjects
OPTICAL brighteners ,LASERS ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,RAMAN spectroscopy ,PAPER products ,CONFOCAL microscopy - Abstract
This work presents the results of paper laser processing. It begins with the selection and examination of the processing parameters, then an examination of the properties of the modified papers and examples of applications of the developed modification method. The properties of laser-modified paper were studied using reflectance spectrophotometry to examine the colour aspects of the modified papers, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy for a morphological analysis, and Raman spectroscopy to analyse the papers under the influence of laser light. The influence of laser processing on the wettability of paper and the evenness of unprinted and printed paper was also investigated. The knowledge gained on paper surface modification with laser light was used to propose several applications, such as methods of marking, tactile detection, the controlled removal of optical brightener, ink, and metallised coatings from paper packaging, highlighting the design and aesthetics of paper. The developed laser-assisted method shows a promising, ecological approach to the design of many value-added paper products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. The handmade blue paper project: Application of experimental archaeology methods to study the materiality of Dutch blue paper (1650-1750).
- Author
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Sauvage, Leila and Marie-Noëlle, Grison
- Subjects
EXPERIMENTAL archaeology ,PAPERMAKING ,PAPER mills ,LOGWOOD ,INDIGO - Abstract
This essay explores the materiality of Dutch blue paper (1650-1750), describing the methodology developed at the Moulin du Verger papermill (France). Starting from the visual examination of blue paper objects housed in the Rijksmuseum and the study of written sources, the group of researchers based their experiments at this 16th-century mill, equipped with traditional papermaking stampers, a Hollander cylinder and an immense drying loft. The experiments involved the dyeing and preparation of linen fibres with woad and indigo. The study of written sources revealed how scholars, traders and artists described "Dutch blue paper" and how it compared with its Venetian predecessor. The access to new raw materials (cotton, indigo, logwood) broadened the range of possibilities, while the introduction of the Hollander beater (ca. 1673) improved considerably the efficiency of Dutch papermakers who were able to produce faster and in greater quantity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Reduction of fines in recycled paper white water via cellulase enzymes
- Abstract
Due to the high wastepaper recyclability and water-loop system closure, packaging paper mills struggle with increased fines, causing runnability issues. Cellulase enzymes are a preferred treatment choice for the improvement of the pulp refining in stock preparation area but are not widely used or easy to introduce in the production process. Different cellulase enzymes were tested, and those with the highest activity were introduced to the white-water (WW) samples with the aim to reduce fines content as potentially new enzyme applications on the paper machine. The first portion of the study involved the development of an experiment model to find and confirm the optimal enzyme process parameters (40 °C, pH 5.7, reaction time 3 h, and 0.18% v/v enzyme addition) for laboratory made white-water. The second portion of the study included turbidity, colloidal charge, flow cytometry (FCM), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis on industrial and laboratory made white-water samples at optimized process parameters. Obtained results corresponded to reduced fines content in white-water samples, which justified commercial usage of cellulase enzymes on recycled paper machine short loop and potentially increased machine runnability without negative influence on wastewater treatment plant.
- Published
- 2024
23. Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited. SWOT Analysis.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,SWOT analysis - Abstract
A SWOT analysis of Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited is presented.
- Published
- 2023
24. Enhancing the Decomposition of Paper Cups Using Galleria Mellonella and Eisenia Fetida.
- Author
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Moqbel, Shadi, Al-Ghoul, Habib, Al-Ghzawi, Abd Al-Majeed, and Mukbel, Rami
- Subjects
PAPER products ,GREATER wax moth ,LUMBRICUS rubellus ,RECYCLING industry ,BIODEGRADATION - Abstract
The composition of paper cups creates a challenge for the recycling industry, as the paperboard--plastic film composite is hard to separate. Therefore, paper cups are sent to landfills or waste incinerators. This study explores the combined use of red worms (Eisenia fetida) and Greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) in the biodegradation of paper cups. The study investigates the conditions and combinations that promote using Eisenia fetida and Galleria mellonella for degrading paper cups. The study considered the influence of environmental temperature, the presence of food waste, varying the number of Eisenia fetida worms, and the presence of a Galleria mellonella growth-slowing agent on the degradation process. To achieve the study objectives, the study followed a quantitative approach. The study monitored the degradation of paper cup cuts that were placed in jars containing different combinations of Eisenia fetida worms, Galleria mellonella larvae, food waste, bedding material, and Galleria mellonella growth-slowing agents. The study found that the best operating temperature is 30°C. The study found that using food waste improves the performance of Eisenia fetida worms and Galleria mellonella larvae significantly. The study found that adding a Galleria mellonella growth-slowing agent slightly enhances the degradation of the paper cup. Finally, a numerical model was obtained to simulate the paper cup degradation efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Development of Paper Temperature Prediction Method in Electrophotographic Processes by Using Machine Learning and Thermal Network Model.
- Author
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Takamasa Hase, Takumi Ishikura, Shinichi Kuramoto, Koichi Kato, and Kazuyoshi Fushinobu
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,THERMOPHYSICAL properties ,THERMAL conductivity ,THERMAL properties ,TEMPERATURE ,SPECIFIC heat - Abstract
Since the fusing process in electrophotography has a significant impact not only on printing quality but also on machine internal temperature and toner blocking on outlet tray, accurate paper temperature prediction for various types of papers is essential, especially in the production printing. To develop the thermophysical model of fusing process to predict the paper temperature after the fusing process, thermal properties such as thermal conductivity, specific heat, and thermal contact resistance of several types of papers are necessary. However, paper is composed of complex fiber, surface coating, filler, and moisture, making it difficult to measure thermophysical properties of paper accurately. This work developed a machine learning (ML) model that can predict the thermophysical properties of paper based on a conventionally used 1D thermal network model of the fusing process and experiment results. The thermophysical properties of each paper obtained by ML and the thermophysical properties obtained by the conventional method were input to the thermal network model to predict the paper temperature after the fusing process and compared with the measured paper temperatures of the experiment. The results showed that the paper temperature was predicted with higher accuracy by using thermophysical properties obtained by ML than that by the conventional method. Although the method for predicting paper temperature by using only ML had been proposed, it had the disadvantage of requiring a large number of training experiments. In contrast, this method trained under the conditions of one fusing temperature and two printing speeds, and was able to predict under five fusing temperatures and four printing speeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Gould Paper Corporation, Inc. SWOT Analysis.
- Published
- 2024
27. Effect of Polyhydroxybutyrate and Ethyl Cellulose for Barrier Coating of Kraft Paper.
- Author
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Dong Gun Lim, Yong Ju Lee, Ji Min Lee, Jae Hyeop Kim, Tai Ju Lee, and Hyoung Jin Kim
- Subjects
KRAFT paper ,POLYMER blends ,POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE ,ETHYLCELLULOSE ,SURFACE coatings ,BOND strengths ,TENSILE strength ,3-Hydroxybutyric acid - Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a biodegradable polymer, has been studied as a substitute for petroleum-based polymers used for barrier coating to improve the barrier and mechanical properties of paper. In this study, ethyl cellulose (EC), a cellulose derivative, was used to prepare a polymer blend for enhancing the barrier properties of PHB. The prepared PHB/EC blend was then applied as a paper coating material. Additionally, the barrier and mechanical properties of the PHB/EC blend-coated paper based on the PHB/EC mixing ratio and coating weight were analyzed. The results showed that the EC could act as a binder for the PHB/EC blendcoated paper. Consequently, the PHB/EC blend-coated paper exhibited significant improvements in mechanical and barrier properties, including a substantial increase of over 100% in internal bond strength, more than 20% in tensile strength, exceeding 60% enhancement in water resistance, and a remarkable increase of over 90% in air permeability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Potential Use of Nanofibrillated Cellulose-loaded Cationic Starch Solutions as Coating Formulation for Recycled Fluting Papers.
- Author
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Tozluoğlu, Ayhan
- Subjects
RECYCLED paper ,NANOFIBERS ,STARCH ,SURFACE coatings ,CELLULOSE - Abstract
Effects of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and cationic starch (CS) were evaluated as coating components relative to the physical and mechanical properties of fluting papersheets fabricated from recycled corrugated cardboard fibers. Fabricated fluting papers were subjected to size press applications by three different coating blends. Coating suspensions were prepared at various concentrations of CNF (0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and 4 wt% CS, and the same amounts of CS/CNF. The paper sheets were fabricated using size press machine as three-time repetitive applications, followed by one-time drying section, and compared to uncoated, CScoated, and CNF-coated papers. The application of CNF suspensions increased tensile indices up to 11.7%. Moreover, CS/CNF suspensions resulted in a 67.2% increase in tensile index values. The coating of CS/CNF suspensions increased the burst index values by 163% at the CS+1%CNF concentration when compared to the control pulp. Surface application of prepared suspensions reduced the porosity of the samples under all conditions. The highest reduction in the air permeability was observed in the CS+4%CNF-coated samples as 91.5%. It can be concluded that the superficial applications of CNF on the physical and mechanical properties of recycled fluting paper was more effective in the presence of CS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Paper.
- Author
-
Menke, Richard
- Abstract
Paper represents a potent but underexplored keyword for Victorian studies today. Not only is it the unacknowledged techno-material a priori of Victorian studies itself, but its histories also offer material connections that link literary texts, bureaucracy, and consumer culture to global ecologies and resource extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Profiling of historical rag papers by their non-cellulosic polysaccharide composition
- Abstract
Hemicellulose and pectin are noteworthy components of historical European rag papers, and have not been studied in detail so far. Rag papers were made from used textiles, and fiber-based utilities, such as ropes and bags. These had been prepared until the mid-19th century from plant-based fibers. Their polysaccharide composition could relate to their condition and history. This information can be expected to hold importance for the preservation and conservation of historical objects. We investigated a collection of rag papers of different age for their composition of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, and compared the findings with modern rag papers and wood pulps. Furthermore, a non-destructive determination of the hemicellulose and pectin content by near-infrared spectroscopy was developed. Historical rag papers had a lower hemicellulose/pectin content than pulps; the fractions of rhamnose, galactose, and arabinose were higher, while xylose was lower. In modern rag papers, xylose tended to be at the higher end of the range, which suggests a degradation of hemicelluloses/pectin over time or a change in raw materials and manufacturing. Rag papers also showed higher crystallinity than wood pulp papers. These findings provide insights into rag paper characteristics and offer potential classification methods.
- Published
- 2024
31. The Beauty in Paper Cuts.
- Author
-
Laufersweiler, Stefanie
- Subjects
FEMININE identity ,ART ,FASHION designers ,BLACK history ,PAPER arts - Abstract
Janelle Washington, a former fashion designer, discovered her passion for paper cutting when she participated in a project show-and-tell at her office. She quickly became fascinated with the art form and joined the Guild of American Papercutters to learn more. Washington found inspiration in Black history and culture, incorporating themes of identity and feminine beauty into her intricate paper-cut designs. She now runs her own fine art paper-cutting business and has had her work featured in prestigious institutions and publications. Washington's art stands out in the paper-cutting community for its unique perspective and storytelling. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
32. Paper-Mill Wastes for Bioethanol Production in Relation to Circular Economy Concepts: A Review.
- Author
-
Or-Chen, Dafna, Gerchman, Yoram, Mamane, Hadas, and Peretz, Roi
- Subjects
CIRCULAR economy ,ETHANOL as fuel ,SLUDGE management ,FOSSIL fuels ,PAPER pulp ,WASTE management - Abstract
This review explores circular economy principles in regard to ethanol production from paper-mill sludge. Environmental sustainability and renewability over fossil fuels make second generation ethanol an attractive energy source in a rapidly growing population and consumption world. Paper sludge (PS), a by-product of the pulp and paper (P&P) industry, can no longer be recycled for paper production and is mainly disposed of in landfills. Therefore, it poses a major environmental challenge. However, it has shown potential as a valuable raw material for ethanol production, along with other pulp and paper products, due to its abundant availability and high cellulosic content. This waste-to-energy (WtE) technology for ethanol production is proposed as an alternative, aligning with circular economy concepts to maximize resource efficiency and minimize waste. This review underlines the circular economy aspects of bioethanol production within paper mill sludge management systems. Circular economy principles applied to ethanol production from PS offer a promising avenue for sustainable biofuel development that not only addresses waste management challenges but also enhances the overall environmental performance of biofuel production. Furthermore, economic benefits are described, highlighting the potential for job creation and community development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Facile Strategy for Boosting of Inorganic Fillers Retention in Paper.
- Author
-
Maślana, Klaudia, Sielicki, Krzysztof, Wenelska, Karolina, Kędzierski, Tomasz, Janusz, Joanna, Mariańczyk, Grzegorz, Gorgon-Kuza, Aleksandra, Bogdan, Wojciech, Zielińska, Beata, and Mijowska, Ewa
- Subjects
PAPER pulp ,MESOPOROUS materials ,PAPER industry ,CELLULOSE fibers ,TRANSMISSION electron microscopy ,MICROSCOPY - Abstract
Achieving the desired properties of paper such as strength, durability, and printability remains challenging. Paper mills employ calcium carbonate (CaCO
3 ) as a filler to boost paper's brightness, opacity, and printability. However, weak interaction between cellulose fibers and CaCO3 particles creates different issues in the papermaking industry. Therefore, this study explores the influence of various inorganic additives as crosslinkers such as mesoporous SiO2 nanospheres, TiO2 nanoparticles, h-BN nanoflakes, and hydroxylated h-BN nanoflakes (h-BN-OH) on inorganic fillers content in the paper. They were introduced to the paper pulp in the form of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) suspension to enable bonding between the inorganic particles and the paper pulp. Our findings have been revealed based on detailed microscopic and structural analyses, e.g., transmission and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. Finally, the inorganic fillers (CaCO3 and respective inorganic additives) content was evaluated following ISO 1762:2001 guidelines. Conducted evaluations allowed us to identify the most efficient crosslinker (SiO2 nanoparticles) in terms of inorganic filler retention. Paper sheets modified with SiO2 enhance the retention of the fillers by ~12.1%. Therefore, we believe these findings offer valuable insights for enhancing the papermaking process toward boosting the quality of the resulting paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. ECOLOGIES OF BLUE PAPER: DÜRER AND BEYOND.
- Author
-
Brahms, Iris
- Subjects
PAPERMAKING ,PAPER industry ,CONSCIOUSNESS ,MANUFACTURING processes ,BINDING agents ,AESTHETICS - Abstract
This article examines blue paper as an ecological solution in drawing practice by investigating the questions of when and under which circumstances German artists in the early sixteenth century decided to use blue paper. Blue paper had several aesthetic, symbolic, and economic functions, often both referencing a geographic relationship to Italy and its tradition of drawing on blue paper, and also engaging in a world of play and imitation in workshop practices. For a better understanding of the early modern paper ecologies within which artists worked, it is necessary to regard paper production within a broader socio-cultural range, thus not only as an exchange between paper makers but also with consideration of other crafts as well as the impact of new technologies. From there we can reconsider our relationship to nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Case study: The paper and packaging board's highly successful experiential activation.
- Author
-
Becker, Maria
- Subjects
CARDBOARD ,PAPER recycling ,RECYCLED paper ,TRADE shows ,MANUFACTURING industries ,CONSUMERS ,INDUSTRIALISTS - Abstract
Sustainability is no longer a choice but a necessity, and there is starting to be a shift in consciousness that is putting pressure on both individuals and organisations to share responsibilities and intervene. This paper will explore how the Paper and Packaging Board (P+PB) and its partner Stein IAS found the most successful strategies to educate as many consumers as possible on the best ways to recycle paper and paper-based packaging. They realised that in order to communicate with consumers effectively and economically, a traditional business-to-consumer framework would not suffice. Instead, P+PB and Stein IAS embarked on a mission to follow a B2B2C framework, focusing on engaging packaging manufacturers and their e-commerce clients to reach a broader consumer audience. They understood that they had to convince box manufacturers and e-commerce brands to join the programme, known as 'Box to Nature', which aimed to inspire consumers to recycle boxes correctly, emphasising the exponential effect of proper recycling. The strategy involved showing up where the majority of the target audience was engaged, creating a relevant and bold experience. The launch of the initiative at PACK EXPO, one of the industry's largest trade shows, was a significant step in this direction. The team found a unique, powerful and relevant way to connect with the desired audience in unexpected ways, resulting in a big success that has led to a significant increase in the number of organisations wanting to join the programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
36. S. Floyd Mori papers
- Author
-
Mori, S. Floyd and Mori, S. Floyd
- Subjects
- Japanese Americans Sources. Utah, Japanese Americans Sources. California, Japanese Americans Sources. Forced removal and internment, 1942-1945, Japanese Americans Sources. Forced removal and internment, 1942-1945 Anniversaries, etc., Reparations for historical injustices Sources., Américains d'origine japonaise Sources. Utah, Américains d'origine japonaise Sources. Californie, Américains d'origine japonaise Sources. Relogement et internement forcés, 1942-1945, Américains d'origine japonaise Sources. Relogement et internement forcés, 1942-1945 Anniversaires, Réparations des crimes de l'histoire Sources., Japanese Americans, Reparations for historical injustices, California, Utah
- Abstract
The S. Floyd Mori papers (1962-2005) contain correspondence, scrapbooks, student papers, meeting minutes, reports, memos, brochures, pamphlets, and memorabilia related to Mori's activities with the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL). Also included are documents related to his tenure as a California State Assemblyman.
- Published
- 2023
37. Effect of Chemical Crosslinking on the Biodegradation Rate of Kraft Paper.
- Author
-
Korpela, Antti, Tanaka, Atsushi, and Asikainen, Jaakko
- Subjects
KRAFT paper ,BIODEGRADATION ,PACKAGING materials ,PLASTIC films ,MICROBIAL contamination - Abstract
Wood-based paper fibers are inherently biodegradable. In contact with moist soil and in compost, papermaking fibers are readily broken down by soil microbes. Resistance to biodegradation is needed, as paper is used for special applications such as mulching in agriculture and forestry, the coating of construction materials, and for packing and wrapping under conditions where packaging materials may be exposed to contact with moist soil or other type microbial active contamination. A preceding study showed that paper chemical crosslinking with glyoxal, citric acid (CA), or methylated 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethylene urea (mDMDHEU) results in substantially improved paper wet strength and lower paper water absorbency. The present study examined the efficiency of chemical crosslinking treatments with CA and with mDMDHEU to decrease the biodegradation rate of laboratory paper sheets and a sack paper, both made of kraft fibers. The biodegradation was examined using a 48-h enzymatic degradation test and a 2-month soil burial test. The results indicate that chemical crosslinking is an effective non-biocidal method for making sulphate kraft paper more resistant to biodegradation. In some end-uses, improved resistance to biodegradation, along with improved paper wet performance, can enhance paper performance comparable to plastic films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Energy benchmark and energy saving potential in the pulp and paper industry.
- Author
-
Le-Anh, Tuan
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,POTENTIAL energy ,ENERGY auditing ,PAPER mills ,PAPER products - Abstract
In this research, I established an energy benchmark for the pulp and paper industry of Vietnam. I, therefore, focus on three major paper product families, including packaging paper, printing and writing paper, and tissue paper. In this research, I use specific energy consumption (SEC) as the energy performance indicator (EnPI) for computing energy benchmarks for the main sub-sectors in the pulp and paper industry of Vietnam. The factories in the pulp and paper industry of Vietnam are divided into three production scales, and the energy benchmarks are specified by production scales. Energy surveys and energy audits have been used to calculate energy benchmarks. Here, I establish the energy benchmark for the main sub-sectors in the pulp and paper industry of Vietnam according to the three production scales. I also estimate the energy saving potential for the pulp and paper industry of Vietnam based on surveying and auditing results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Print Quality of Coated Paper from Invasive Alien Plant Goldenrod.
- Author
-
Sarjanović, Anja, Možina, Klemen, and Gregor-Svetec, Diana
- Subjects
INTRODUCED plants ,GOLDENRODS ,NATURAL resources management ,INTRODUCED species ,RECYCLED paper ,INVASIVE plants - Abstract
When designing products with a shorter lifespan, such as packaging and graphic products, sustainability and circular economy are particularly important. The use of an alternative fiber source for papermaking, such as collected biomass from invasive alien plant species (IAPS), is a good example of sustainable natural resource management, where IAPS are seen as a potential source of various new products. The aim of the present study was to analyze the printability of paper made from the IAPS Goldenrod. CMYK prints were made using inkjet digital technology, and their print quality was determined. IAPS Goldenrod paper, with its natural brownish color, low gloss, high voluminosity, high surface roughness and porosity, shows inferior print quality compared to recycled office paper. In order to improve the printability of this paper, surface coating using three different wet film depositions was applied. The results indicate that the smallest coat weight used suppresses the color and inferior properties of IAPS Goldenrod paper efficiently, resulting in similar printability for both the analyzed papers. Only a small difference in print quality between coated IAPS Goldenrod and recycled paper was determined, suggesting that low-value, non-demanding graphic products and packaging could be made from the coated IAPS Goldenrod paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Author index.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Quantification of the Influence of Ink Penetration and Optical Ink Density on the Print-through of Printed Straw-Based Papers.
- Author
-
Bates, Irena, Plazonić, Ivana, Rudolf, Maja, and Bratić, Diana
- Subjects
TRITICALE ,OPACITY (Optics) ,WHEAT straw ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,AGRICULTURAL wastes ,PHASE coding ,RECYCLED paper ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
In recent years, due to environmental awareness regarding the harmfulness of polymeric materials, there has been a growing interest in using papers, especially those from alternative raw materials. The importance of using all available raw materials is imperative today. Raw materials that were once viewed as waste are now of great importance because they have the ability to replace raw materials that are used irrationally or are lacking. Cereal straw is a lignocellulosic material that could be used in the paper industry and in the production of increasingly prevalent paper packaging. The aim of this research was to analyze the relationships between the qualitative parameters of straw-based printed papers containing 30% agricultural residues (wheat, barley, or triticale). The influence of two qualitative parameters (ink penetration depth and optical ink density) on the print-through was observed using multiple regression analysis on straw-based papers produced at the laboratory level. Throughout the research, 100% recycled wood paper was used as a reference sample. The results of the regression analysis showed that none of the variables individually make a statistically significant contribution to the prediction of the dependent variable in a linear context, that is, they indicate a non-linear interaction between the variables and the specific conditions under which the dependent variable reaches local extremes and changes in the gradient. Considering the results of the regression analysis and the visualization of the relationship, the model was additionally tested with other independent variables (paper type). From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the alternative straw-based paper with 30% barley pulp has the best interaction between ink and paper, which is the most similar to the reference sample in terms of printability, while the alternative straw-based paper with 30% wheat generally differs significantly from the reference paper when all three prints are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Cometabolic bacterial and fungal remediation as a promising strategy for recycled paper and cardboard mill wastewater treatment.
- Author
-
Gholami, Maryam, Mahvi, Amir Hossein, Teimouri, Fahimeh, Ehrampoush, Mohammad Hassan, Jafari Nodoushan, Abbasali, Jambarsang, Sara, and Ghaneian, Mohammad Taghi
- Subjects
FUNGAL remediation ,RECYCLED paper ,WASTEWATER treatment ,PAPER mills ,OXIDATION ditches ,PSEUDOMONAS putida - Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to study the application of high-tolerance and flexible indigenous bacteria and fungi, along with the co-metabolism in recycled paper and cardboard mill (RPCM) wastewater treatment (WWT). Design/methodology/approach: The molecular characterization of isolated indigenous bacteria and fungi was performed by 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Glucose was used as a cometabolic substrate to enhance the bioremediation process. Findings: The highest removal efficiency was achieved for both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color [78% COD and 45% color removal by Pseudomonas aeruginosa RW-2 (MZ603673), as well as approximately 70% COD and 48% color removal by Geotrichum candidum RW-4 (ON024394)]. The corresponding percentages were higher in comparison with the efficiency obtained from the oxidation ditch unit in the full-scale RPCM WWT plant. Originality/value: Indigenous P. aeruginosa RW-2 and G. candidum RW-4 demonstrated effective capability in RPCM WWT despite the highly toxic and low biodegradable nature, especially with the assistance of glucose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Surface Modification of Paper by TiO2-PDMS-KH550 Coating with Superhydrophobic, Self-cleaning and Oil/Water Separating Properties.
- Author
-
Kupalang, Suwanna, Kanjana, Nattakan, Wola, Jiraprapa, and Laokul, Paveena
- Abstract
Paper is a material that is used in many areas of everyday life. The development of paper with special and environmentally friendly properties will contribute to it being used differently than before. In this work, we present a simple, fluorine-free and low-cost method to prepare a multifunctional paper coating with TiO
2 nanoparticles modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The effects of the content of precursors such as titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) and PDMS on the wettability, microstructure and durability of the coating were investigated. The result showed that the coated paper exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning properties with a water contact angle (WCA) of 162.7° and a water sliding angle (WSA) of 2.5°. In addition, the coated paper showed excellent oil/water separation with over 98% after 10 test cycles and high mechanical resistance with an abrasion resistance of 0.26% weight loss after 20 abrasion cycles using the Taber abrasion test (ASTM D4060) with wheel type CS-10. The results of this study indicate a possible method for producing fluorine-free multifunctional paper, which has the potential to expand the application versatility of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Educating on spatial skills using a paper-folding-and-punched-hole videogame: gameplay data analysis.
- Author
-
Garcia-Segarra, Pablo, Santamarta, Vicent, and Falomir, Zoe
- Subjects
PAPER arts ,DATA analysis ,SPATIAL ability - Abstract
Introduction: Paper folding and punched hole tests are used to measure spatial abilities in humans. These abilities are relevant since they are associated with success in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics). This study addresses the challenge of teaching spatial reasoning skills using an educational videogame, the Paper Folding Reasoning Game. Methods: The Paper Folding Reasoning Game is an interactive game which presents activities intended to help users train and understand how to fold a paper to get a specific shape (Part I) and the consequence of punching a hole on a folded paper (Part II). This educational videogame can automatically generate paper-folding-and-punched-hole questions with varying degrees of difficulty depending on the number of folds and holes made, thus producing additional levels for training due to its embedded reasoning mechanisms (Part III). Results: This manuscript presents the results of analyzing the gameplay data gathered by the Paper Folding Reasoning Game in its three parts. For Parts I and II, the data provided by 225 anonymous unique players are analyzed. For Part III (Mastermode), the data obtained from 894 gameplays by 311 anonymous unique players are analyzed. In our analysis, we found out a significant difference in performance regarding the players who trained (i.e., played Parts I and II) before playing the Mastermode (Part III) vs. the group of players who did not train. We also found a significant difference in players' performance who used the visual help (i.e., re-watch the animated sequence of paper folds) vs. the group of players who did not use it, confirming the effectiveness of the Paper Folding Reasoning Game to train paper-folding-and-punched-hole reasoning skills. Statistically significant gender differences in performance were also found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Ionic Liquids as Reconditioning Agents for Paper Artifacts.
- Author
-
Croitoru, Catalin and Roata, Ionut Claudiu
- Subjects
IONIC liquids ,IRON ,SURFACE cleaning ,CULTURAL maintenance ,CULTURAL property - Abstract
This research explores the potential of ionic liquids (ILs) in restoring paper artifacts, particularly an aged book sample. Three distinct ILs—1-ethyl-3-propylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-methyl-3-pentylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-methyl-3-heptylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide —both in their pure form and isopropanol mixtures, were examined for their specific consumption in conjunction with paper, with 1-ethyl-3-propylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide displaying the highest absorption. Notably, the methyl-3-heptylimidazolium ionic liquid displayed pronounced deacidification capabilities, elevating the paper pH close to a neutral 7. The treated paper exhibited significant color enhancements, particularly with 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium and 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium ILs, as evidenced by CIE-Lab* parameters. An exploration of ILs as potential UV stabilizers for paper unveiled promising outcomes, with 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium IL demonstrating minimal yellowing post-UV irradiation. FTIR spectra elucidated structural alterations, underscoring the efficacy of ILs in removing small-molecular additives and macromolecules. The study also addressed the preservation of inked artifacts during cleaning, showcasing ILs' ability to solubilize iron gall ink, particularly the one with the 1-ethyl-3-propylimidazolium cation. While exercising caution for prolonged use on inked supports is still recommended, ILs are shown here to be valuable for cleaning ink-stained surfaces, establishing their effectiveness in paper restoration and cultural heritage preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. A Point-of-Care Nucleic Acid Quantification Method by Counting Light Spots Formed by LAMP Amplicons on a Paper Membrane.
- Author
-
Chen, Yanju, Zhu, Yuanyuan, Peng, Cheng, Wang, Xiaofu, Wu, Jian, Chen, Huan, and Xu, Junfeng
- Subjects
NUCLEIC acids ,ELECTRONIC paper ,LAMPS ,VIBRIO parahaemolyticus ,POINT-of-care testing ,AGRICULTURAL productivity - Abstract
Nucleic acid quantification, allowing us to accurately know the copy number of target nucleic acids, is significant for diagnosis, food safety, agricultural production, and environmental protection. However, current digital quantification methods require expensive instruments or complicated microfluidic chips, making it difficult to popularize in the point-of-care detection. Paper is an inexpensive and readily available material. In this study, we propose a simple and cost-effective paper membrane-based digital loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for nucleic acid quantification. In the presence of DNA fluorescence dyes, the high background signals will cover up the amplicons-formed bright spots. To reduce the background fluorescence signals, a quencher-fluorophore duplex was introduced in LAMP primers to replace non-specific fluorescence dyes. After that, the amplicons-formed spots on the paper membrane can be observed; thus, the target DNA can be quantified by counting the spots. Take Vibrio parahaemolyticus DNA detection as an instance, a good linear relationship is obtained between the light spots and the copy numbers of DNA. The paper membrane-based digital LAMP detection can detect 100 copies target DNA per reaction within 30 min. Overall, the proposed nucleic acid quantification method has the advantages of a simple workflow, short sample-in and answer-out time, low cost, and high signal-to-noise, which is promising for application in resourced limited areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Ink and Paper in the Camp. Ego-Documents of Luxembourger Conscripts in the Soviet Captivity
- Abstract
In the paper by Inna Ganschow, the camp experience in the Soviet Union as a result of forced conscription will be treated, specifically in its artistic processing: secretly written diaries and letters by Luxembourg Wehrmacht soldiers. Contemporary historical research today calls them ego documents – private, handwritten texts of a personal nature. The range of texts to be examined in the lecture ranges from the smuggled out notes and letters that their released comrades took with them to Luxembourg, through diaries, speeches and self-made dictionaries to poems, short stories and drawings, some of which were in the camp and some immediately after the return from Tambov and other camps in the Soviet Union. The focus is on the question of dealing with the thesis of the Auschwitz concentration camp survivor Viktor Frankl, psychiatrist and neurologist from Vienna, that the meaning of camp life - logotherapy - can have a self-healing effect and increase the self-healing powers, which increases the chances of survival.
- Published
- 2024
48. Effects and Analysis of Chytazone in the Process of Processing Paper from Natural polymeres.
- Author
-
Egamberdiyev, Elmurod, Ergashev, Yorqinjon, Akmalova, Guzal, and Rahmonberdiyev, G'appor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Physical and Surface Properties of Food Packaging Paper Coated by Thyme Oil.
- Author
-
Gücüş, Mehmet Onurhan
- Subjects
FOOD packaging ,SURFACE properties ,THYMES ,STRENGTH of materials ,TENSILE strength ,SURFACE coatings - Abstract
Paper coated with natural materials has advantages over paper coated with fossil resources, including easy recycling, renewable components, and cost-effective formulation. Coating the paper surface with thyme oil has antibacterial and antioxidant properties and is known to improve packaging product quality. In the current study, the water resistance of the materials was measured by the Cobb30 values. The base paper, the starch-coated paper, and the thyme oil and starch-coated paper had Cobb30 values of 20, 17.5, and 15.7 g/m², respectively. The tensile strength index of uncoating and coating paper samples was, respectively (machine direction M.D.) 64.3 and 64.7, and (cross direction C.D.) 32.2 and 37.2. The bursting strength index results were 72.7 and 84.0. Hence, according to the tensile strength results, the treated paper burst strength values were higher than the base paper samples. The starch and thyme oil coatings formed a film layer on the paper surface, which may have helped impart better burst-strength properties. Besides, compared to the untreated base papers, the surface of the coated papers was denser and smoother, with a less porous structure, according to SEM results. In addition, resistance features of papers that are desired in the end-use of paper are shown in this work based on paper strength property tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Development of a Colorimetric Paper Sensor for Hg 2+ Detection in Water Using Cyanuric Acid-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles.
- Author
-
Saputri, Febrina Amelia, Zubaidah, Eka Ulya, Kenanga, Amaranggani Wikan Puspita, Jatmika, Catur, Pratiwi, Rimadani, and Dhumale, Vinayak A.
- Subjects
GOLD nanoparticles ,WATER use ,MERCURY ,CYANURIC acid ,WATER levels ,DETECTORS ,FILTER paper - Abstract
Hg
2+ is one of the most dangerous pollutants that can cause damage to organs and the immune system. The common detection methods of Hg2+ require sophisticated instrumentation and a long time for analysis. The purpose of this study was to develop a sensor for the detection of Hg2+ using filter paper immobilized by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with cyanuric acid (CA). The clear color change from pink to bluish purple is the response of the CA-AuNPs filter paper sensor to exposure to Hg2+ . Detection can be observed visually with the naked eye and/or with imageJ software; the detection limit is 0.05 µM. The colorimetric response of the sensor was also selective towards Hg2+ after testing with different metal ions. In addition, the response from the sensor was also consistent for lake water samples spiked with Hg2+ . The results of this research provide a promising basic technology for the development of sensors that are affordable, fast, portable, and easy to use for the detection and monitoring of Hg2+ levels in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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