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Galaxy cluster mergers are representative of a wide range of physics, making them an excellent probe of the properties of dark matter and the ionized plasma of the intracluster medium. To date, most studies have focused on mergers occurring in the plane of the sky, where morphological features can be readily identified. To allow study of mergers with arbitrary orientation, we have assembled multi-probe data for the eight-cluster ICM-SHOX sample sensitive to both morphology and line of sight velocity. The first ICM-SHOX paper [1] provided an overview of our methodology applied to one member of the sample, MACS J0018.5+1626, in order to constrain its merger geometry. That work resulted in an exciting new discovery of a velocity space decoupling of its gas and dark matter distributions. In this work, we describe the availability and quality of multi-probe data for the full ICM-SHOX galaxy cluster sample. These datasets will form the observational basis of an upcoming full ICM-SHOX galaxy cluster sample analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bibliographic science papers with high citations rates are often used as an indication of the science impact of an observatory. These high impact papers are presented as examples of the best science being done with an observatory's data. But, is the number of citations by itself a good indicator of the scientific impact of the paper, and is impact a good indicator of the scientific impact of the observatory? In this paper we will present results from a recent study of Chandra high impact papers and suggest some alternative methods for identifying such papers. This work has been supported by NASA under contract NAS 8-03060 to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for operation of the Chandra X-ray Center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibliometrics are increasingly used as metrics to measure the performance of individuals, institutions and countries. Refereed publications are the primary output of modern observatories. In this paper, I use bibliometric techniques to examine the performance of astronomical observatories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Astronomy is the oldest of the natural sciences. It is well known that the period covering about seven centuries, from Aryabhata to Bhaskaracharya II (c. 476-1150), was the golden age of Indian astronomy. In the present study, we identify research trends and the growth of knowledge in the field of astronomy science research. The study is an essential tool to measure the scientific publications in the field. This study analyses the publications of astronomy research in India published during 1991-1995 and 2011-2015. The study assesses how astronomy progresses in India and its impact is reflected in the science citation index over the period 1991-1995 and 2011-2015. The publication output has been analyzed using quantitative and qualitative indicators, such as progress in research article publishing, change in authorship patterns, citation patterns during 1991- 1995 and 2011-2015, articles that received the most citations, and international collaboration with other countries. Further, the study investigated highly prolific authors and highly preferred journals. The author is from one of the FORSA institutes, therefore the study includes a separate ranking for FORSA institutes in term of output as well citations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This proceeding summarizes the talk given at the opening of the UHECR 2022 conference in L'Aquila on the whitepaper 'Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays: The Intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers' [Astroparticle Physics 149 (2023) 102819 - arXiv:2205.05845] that has been prepared for the Snowmass survey in the USA. The whitepaper provides an overview of recent progress and open questions regarding the particle physics and astrophysics related to ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) and outlines the connections between the particle and astrophysics aspects of cosmic rays. It also discusses what instrumentation is needed to address the major scientific questions in ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray physics. While the upgraded Pierre Auger Observatory and Telescope Array will remain the workhorses at the highest energies in the current decade, new experiments with significantly higher exposure are needed in the coming decade. Ground arrays featuring simultaneous detection of the position of the shower maximum and the size of the muonic component will enable particle astronomy by measuring the rigidity of individual events. They should be complemented by other detectors maximizing the total exposure. This can be achieved by a few next-generation experiments using the latest developments in detection and analysis techniques: GRAND as a ground-based radio array, and POEMMA as a space-borne stereo fluorescence telescope will feature complementary approaches to provide maximum exposure; IceCube-Gen2 with its surface array, and GCOS aim at increased statistics with high accuracy for particle physics and rigidity-based galactic and extra-galactic astrophysics. While designed to discover the astrophysical cosmic-ray sources at the highest energies, the same experiments also contribute to particle physics, e.g., by studying the muon puzzle in cosmic-ray air showers, and by their discovery potential for exciting new physics, such as certain Dark Matter candidates. With the full whitepaper available as a reference, this proceeding will briefly present the science cases of the experiments, highlighting their individual strengths and outlining how they complement each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ESO's mission is to enable front-line research in astrophysics by operating and maintaining a wide range of world-class telescopes and state-of-the-art instruments. Various key performance indicators are used to understand whether ESO is achieving these ambitious goals. In order to assist the ESO Management, the Library builds and maintains the Telescope Bibliography (telbib). telbib provides insights into the performance of ESO's facilities and helps to understand publishing trends among the user community. This paper will highlight some use cases and recently added enhancements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights qualitatively and quantitatively research and presents a valuable overview of new citation enhanced databases in the context of research evaluation for the productivity of Prof. Jayant V. Narlikar. He has total 472 research publications in the fields of Astronomy and Astrophysics (AA) published from 1961-2015. In addition, this paper provides an overview of the citation-enhanced databases viz Astrophysics Data System Beta: A powerful new interface for performing citation analysis. Previously, scientometrics had been used to measure the publication productivity of Prof. Jayant V. Narlikar using the Astrophysics Data System (ADS). The scope of this paper is limited to Astrophysics Data System Beta. The result indicates that most of his papers are published in peer reviewed journals having the highest Impact Factor. The average number of publications per year is 8.74 and with the maximum papers published during 1981-1990 and 1996-2000. The total number of citations for his publications is 3516 covering 665 of his papers published during 1961-1970. He had many research collaborations, specifically with Prof. F. Hoyle (87 papers), Prof. G. Burbidge (38 papers), Prof. N. Wickramasinghe (22 papers) and Prof. T. Padmanabhan (21 papers). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite a large variety of facilities helping to either select or manipulate data from Web interfaces, it remains difficult to provide users with relevant scientific or technical annotations for those data. Introducing such content by hand into a Web interface is a tedious job with a risk of providing incomplete or inadequate content. To overcome this difficulty, we are exploring the possibility of using the names of exposed quantities to index a text corpus. This index can be used to show the most relevant text snippets in a given context. The full text can be displayed by user request and automatically scroll down to that snippet. Our approach is based on the conversion of PDF papers into machine readable files that are indexed by a search engine. Index entries are reported as PDF annotations that are used to control the display. This workflow has been tested on the IVOA standard corpus as a proof of concept. It has then been applied to the XMMNewton user guides for our catalog interface. Finally, it has been adapted to find resources within portals exposing a lot of various data collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chandra Data Archive (CDA) has been tracking publications based on Chandra observations in journals and on-line conference proceedings since early in the mission. Our goals are two-fold: 1) provide a means for Chandra users to search literature on Chandra-related papers to further their scientific research; and 2) provide a means for measuring the science produced from Chandra data. Over the years the database and its associated tools have expanded dramatically. In this paper I will give a history of the development of the bibliography with a focus on the human capital involved, along with the skill sets and management structures developed which allow us to maintain a very rich and extensive bibliography with a limited number of full time employees (FTEs). I will also cover how the diverse metadata collected has made the Chandra bibliography an essential resource in managing the Chandra X-ray Center. This work has been supported by NASA under contract NAS 8-03060 to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for operation of the Chandra X-ray Center. It depends critically on the services provided by the ADS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the current status of GALILÉE-1 [1], the verification and processing system for evaluated data, developed at CEA. It consists of various components respectively dedicated to read/write the evaluated data independently of the format, to diagnose inconsistencies in the evaluated data and to provide continuous-energy and multigroup data as well as probability tables for particle transport and depletion codes. All these components are written in C++ language and share the same objects. In this paper, we detail the main advances made in GALILÉE-1: Unresolved Resonance Range (URR) treatment and anisotropy data production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we discuss the development of a nuclear data evaluation pipeline, based around the TALYS code system. The pipeline focuses on the evaluation of the fast neutron energy range, above the resolved resonances. A strong focus in development lies on automation and reproducibility, as well as the efficient use of large-scale computational infrastructure, to enable rapid testing of new algorithms and modified assumptions. Several novel concepts for nuclear data evaluation methodology are implemented. A particular problem in evaluating the neutron-induced reaction cross-section using TALYS, relates to the intermediate energy range. While TALYS only predicts the smooth energy-averaged cross-section, experiments reveal unresolved resonance-like structures. In this paper, we explore ways to treat this type of model defect using heteroscedastic Gaussian processes to automatically determine the distribution of experimental data around an energy-averaged cross-section curve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs) of large intensity (106 pps or higher) are at the frontier in nuclear physics. We designed a novel detection system for RIBs diagnostics and tagging based on Silicon Carbide detectors and on custom frontend electronics ready to be coupled with a Real Data Management Unit. The full detection system is designed to measure the spatial distribution of the beam intensity and trajectory with sufficient spatial resolution (of the order of 1-2 mm). In addition, the detection system has to determine the RIB composition that can be obtained from the joint measurement of the energy loss (>E) of the ions passing through the sensors and the time of flight between two sensors or with respect to a given reference signal as the RadioFrequency signal of a Cyclotron. In this paper we present the full design of the proposed system together with the results of the first experimental qualification of the first mini-prototype. The paper also shows the steps towards the final detection system, housed in a DN160 spherical cross and able to cover an active area of 30 mm × 60 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the preliminary characterization of a new reduced-height CALORRE differential calorimeter designed and fabricated for the irradiation in the MITR within the framework of the CALOR-I program. The paper begins by focusing on the preparation of the irradiation campaign, providing a brief and concise description of the MITR core and the newly fabricated differential calorimeter assembly. Next, the paper presents the preliminary experimental characterization conducted under laboratory conditions. This section includes a detailed presentation of the updated experimental set-up and the key metrological characteristics of the sensor response obtained from the first experimental results. Furthermore, the paper estimates and highlights the responses of the calorimeter calculated by means of a 3-D numerical thermal model under real conditions considering local heat sources determined by the NRL of the MIT using MCNP code. In conclusion, the paper offers some final remarks and prospects to realize the irradiation campaign successfully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present the European Low Frequency Survey (ELFS), a project that will enable the detection of primordial B-mode polarization by measuring the Galactic and extra-Galactic foregrounds in the 5– 120 GHz frequency window. Indeed, the main difficulty in measuring the Bmode polarization comes not just from its sheer faintness, but from the fact that many other objects in the Universe also emit polarized microwaves, which mask the faint CMB signal. The first stage of this project will be carried out in synergy with the Simons Array (SA) collaboration, installing a 5.5–11 GHz coherent receiver at the focus of one of the three 3.5m SA telescopes in Atacama, Chile ("ELFS on SA"). The receiver will be equipped with a fully digital backend based on the latest Xilinx RF System-on-Chip devices that will provide frequency resolution of 1MHz across the whole observing band, allowing us to clean the scientific signal from unwanted radio frequency interference, particularly from low-Earth orbit satellite mega-constellations. This paper reviews the scientific motivation for ELFS and its instrumental characteristics, and provides an update on the development of ELFS on SA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

So-called thunderclouds, which are large dark clouds that are able to generate thunder and lightning, can act as natural particle accelerators, producing complex high-energy phenomena such as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) and gamma-ray glows. These events are often described through the mechanism of relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREAs), cascades of high-energy electrons accelerated by atmospheric electric fields. Since the energies of the RREAs are up to several tens of MeV, they can also trigger nuclear reactions with atoms of the air and in the soil while entering the ground. Although these phenomena are intriguing, their lack of precise measurement and still not completely understood origins pose a significant challenge for assessing their impact on aviation safety. This paper introduces the project Research Centre of Cosmic Rays and Radiation Events in Atmosphere (CRREAT), aimed at providing measurements of TGFs, thunderstorm ground enhancements (TGEs), and other ionizing radiation phenomena during thunderstorms, as well as at aviation altitudes, stratosphere, and low Earth orbits (LEO). The paper argues that without accurate data on the origins and physical characteristics of TGEs and TGFs, it is impossible to reliably simulate their impact on aircraft crews and passengers. The paper also mentions how the general-purpose 3D Monte Carlo (MC) code PHITS can be used for future simulations and comparisons with measurements related to ionizing radiation phenomena in the atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 14 contributions were presented in the Theory and Modelling sessions at EC-17. One Theory and Modelling paper was included in the ITER ECRH and ECE sessions each. Three papers were in the area of nonlinear physics discussing parametric processes accompanying ECRH. Eight papers were based on the quasi-linear theory of wave heating and current drive. Three of these addressed the application of ECCD for NTM stabilization. Two papers considered scattering of EC waves by edge density fluctuations and related phenomena. In this summary, we briefly describe the highlights of these contributions. Finally, the three papers concerning modelling of various aspects of ECE are reported in the ECE session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with CFD incorporation in a process of designing inducer with variable pitch. The introductory part is devoted to the theory of centrifugal pumps, cavitation and inducer itself followed by a description of the mathematical models of turbulence, multiphase fluid and cavitation. The main part of this paper consists of CFD evaluation, first, of inducer itself, later in application with centrifugal pump with regards to cavitation properties with and without the aplication of inducer, for interest, the comparison with different type of inducer, with constatnt pitch, is also included. At the end of this paper the advantages and some disadvantages are given for CFD based design of the hydrodynamic machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a transcript of my talk for Nuclear Data for Science and Technology conference, ND2022. The talk is available on YouTube: www.youtube.com/watch?v=a%5fWYcTHco00. This work is derived from a 2021 paper I wrote in the American Nuclear Society's journal Nuclear Technology 207, S24 (2021). It was published in a special issue together with twenty-three other papers, for the 75th Anniversary of the culmination of the Manhattan Project. It would be better to watch the video than read this transcript! [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2009 United Arab Emirates (UAE) has engaged in an ambitious nuclear power program with the construction of four 1400 MWe pressurized water reactor units at the Barakah site. Fourteen years later, three units are in commercial operation, and the fourth one is in the final steps of commissioning. The four units will produce up to 5600 megawatts of electricity, supplying approximately 25% of the UAE's electricity requirements. To ensure in such a short period of time the building of the nuclear capabilities and support to the program, Khalifa University has been, since 2010, a key contributor to education and training activities as well as the development of R&D capabilities in the field of nuclear technology. This paper provides an overview of Khalifa University's activities implemented within the Nuclear Engineering Department, the Gulf Nuclear Energy Infrastructure Institute and the Emirates Nuclear Technology Center (ENTC). This joint Center, which embarks the Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation and the Federal Authority for Nuclear Regulation, is a hub that addresses the research requirements of the nuclear stakeholders for the delivery of safe and efficient nuclear energy as well as the deployment of advanced nuclear technologies in the UAE. The paper briefly describes the current research projects implemented at the ENTC and gives reference related recent publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutron imaging provides additional information to X-ray imaging and can be used in many applications, for example, nuclear engineering, non-industrial diagnostics and homeland security. This paper presents the latest development results of a new 3D structured pixel detector for thermal neutron detection and imaging. The device is based on Medipix/Timepix read-out chip family. The detector, without converter materials, was initially tested in the laboratory with a 241Am source, to simulate events that are induced by reaction products of active material in the silicon bulk. Thanks to the analysis of the size of event clusters and deposited energy, α particles and noise signals were discriminated. The detector was also tested with β and γ sources, to study the effect of other radiation on the device. These results can be useful as a starting point for future experiments, where a neutron source will be used, after filling the cavities with active materials, such as 6Li or 10B. In this paper, the results of the characterization and a comparison between experimental data and Monte Carlo simulations are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known that the device MOSFET works as a dosimeter in radiation beams for cancer radiotherapy. Basically, the radiation beam generates defects in a way that produces in the MOSFET the variation in its threshold voltage, VT, which is proportional to the accumulated radiation dose. Recently, MOSFETs were also tested under X-ray beams commonly used in the energy range applied to medical diagnoses, which is lower energy than radiotherapy. Indeed, it was already shown that the MOSFET drain current varies with the radiation dose for energies in the range applied to diagnostic radiology. In this paper, an innovative method based on a differential amplifier circuit with two electronically matched MOSFETs is presented. Therefore, before irradiation the differential output voltage signal, Vdif = 0. Actually, it is a differential amplifier circuit with one of the MOSFETs shielded from the ionizing radiation beam. Therefore, if such a circuit is irradiated the difference between ID1 and ID2, from MOSFET1 and MOSFET2 respectively, will result Vdif ≠ 0. To evaluate the response of this electronic dosimeter it was tested under a diagnostic radiology beam typically used in clinics to take radiography of patients. The results showed that the proposed dosimeter works and varies linearly with the radiation dose. The technology developed in this paper will allow research to be carried out for optimizing such electronic dosimeter to make it a wearable device and can be able to use it by workers exposed to ionizing radiation in nuclear power plants or even in outer space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs), boron10 (10B) is added to the primary fluid as boric acid to regulate criticality and power distribution within the core. Indeed, 10B possesses a significant neutron absorption cross-section of approximately 3845 barns for thermal neutron energy (around 25.3 meV). Thus, under certain circumstances, even a slight variation in boron concentration could lead to criticality issues. This paper addresses the problems regarding the accuracy and real-time measurement of Boron Concentration Online Monitoring Systems (BCOMS) in PWRs. First, the paper focuses on presenting BCOMS's key performance and qualification criteria to ensure a real-time, accurate response during normal operation, operational transients, and accidental events. Then, we evaluate the influence of different dimensioning parameters on the overall measuring performance through Monte Carlo simulations using the MCNP6.2 code. Finally, we investigate, combining theoretical knowledge and simulation results, the physical phenomena involved in the measurement accuracy of BCOMS. This analytical approach not only fosters a deeper comprehension of the underlying phenomena but also facilitates the identification of potential areas for improving measurement accuracy, thereby enhancing the safety of nuclear reactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the activities for developing experimental devices for research reactors and associated test loops, some concern the development and qualification of instrumentation. The on-board instrumentation makes it possible to monitor online the evolution of physical parameters of samples and/or components subjected to different stresses (thermal, hydraulic, chemical and nuclear, etc.). In addition to the so-called "classic" instrumentation implemented in this type of equipment (pressure, temperature, flow, elongation), R&D actions are in progress in order to propose innovative instrumentation, able to improve the experimental offer and describe the physical phenomena with more accuracy. This is the case of optical measurements which present many advantages (compactness, insensitivity to EM waves, complex measurements by optical interrogation of a single fiber). In addition, actions are underway for the selection of optical fibers that can be used for applications in a nuclear reactor (in particular resistance to the irradiation). The tests presented in this paper relate to the behavior of sealed feedthroughs for optical fibers to the thermal hydraulics conditions of light water reactors. These tests are part of the safety demonstration in so-called degraded operating cases i.e. corresponding to a configuration where the optical fiber is placed directly in the process fluid (pressurized water). One note that in normal operation, the optical fiber is isolated from the process fluid by a jacket consisting of a metal capillary. After an introduction and a brief presentation of the use of optical fibers in experimental equipment, the paper describes the tightness feedthroughs used, the tests carried out, indicate the main results obtained and opens up some perspectives for future development phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wide-bandgap semiconductor-based fast neutron detectors such as silicon carbide (SiC) seem to be a promising concept to meet the implementation requirements as well as the performance specifications for fusion and fission environments such as radiation hardness as well as thermal and mechanical stabilities. Beyond the problem of integration of the device in constrained environments, the issue of the quantitative response of the device in a mixed radiation field must be addressed. Therefore, the characterisation of the detector performances, according to the energy of the neutrons is a key first step needed for neutron detection and monitoring in mixed radiation environments with high levels of gammas and fast and thermal neutron fluxes emissions at large energy scales. This paper presents the interpretation of 14.1 MeV neutron measurements using a numerical model developed with the GEANT4 MonteCarlo transport code. The methodology used for a first attempt to estimate the fluence rate of incident neutrons is exposed and a calculation versus experiment ratio is determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Radiation Safety Information Computational Center (RSICC), founded in 1962 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), is a specialized information analysis center under the auspices of the Office of Science and Technical Information within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). RSICC is the sole organization responsible for the distribution of the MCNP® Monte Carlo code that is a reference tool for testing and evaluating nuclear data libraries. MCNP® is one of the primary tools utilized by the Validation of Nuclear Data Libraries (VaNDal) subgroup under the Working Party on Evaluation and Cooperation (WPEC) of the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Since 2010, RSICC has distributed over 23,000 copies of the MCNP® code to our Worldwide customer base. Over the past decade, RSICC has distributed over 1,000 copies of MCNP® annually to our customers located in the U.S. and abroad. Approximately 50% of the MNCP® software packages distributed have been provided to U.S. universities and sponsored organizations whereas over 27% of the packages have been provided to foreign organizations and over 22% to domestic organizations that are not supported by RSICC's sponsors. While there is high demand for the code, the distribution of the code is restricted to only approved countries because the code is regulated by the U.S. DOE. This paper provides a general overview of RSICC's activities, services, and systems; provides information regarding Federal export control regulations for codes such as MCNP®†; and provides recommendations for the control and use of RSICC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nuclear data uncertainties are provided as covariance matrices in standard nuclear data libraries and propagating them trough neutronics simulations helps quantify the associated uncertainties on the final result. However, processing these matrices often poses challenges. Currently, the IRSN nuclear data processing code GAIA processes cross sections via several modules like DOP (Reconstruction and Doppler), TOP (URR), and SAB (TSL), but lacks the capability to process covariances. This paper introduces a new module named COP (COvariance Processing). The COP module aims to process covariance matrices comprehensively, including cross section (File 33), angular distribution (File 34), and resonance parameters (File 32). The preliminary results obtained using the COP module of GAIA in comparison with the ERRORR module of NJOY and PUFF module of AMPX are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents work that has been done on the FIFRELIN Monte-Carlo code. The purpose of the code is to simulate the de-excitation process of fission fragments. Numerous quantity of insterest are calculated (mass yields, prompt particle spectra, mulitiplicities ...). Up to now the code relies on four free parameters which control the initial excitation and total angular momentum of fission fragment. Finding the good set of the free parameters is a diffucult task. In this work, we have developed an optimization algorithm based on Gaussian Process regression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 19 F(n,α)16 N cross section is of great interest for the development of the next generation IV reactors that could potentially use molten fluoride salts. Significant differences (up to a factor of 3) have been observed for this nucleus regarding the (n,α) channel. In view of improving our knowledge on this (n,α) reactions, the GrACE group (Groupe Aval du Cycle Electronucl´eaire) of the LPC Caen has developed a new detector named SCALP (Scintillating ionization Chamber for ALPha particle detection in neutron induced reactions). This paper deals with the first experiment carried out with this brand new detector at the new NFS facility (GANIL, Caen, France). After discussing the needs for new measurments of the 19 F(n,α)16 N reaction, the operating procedure of the SCALP detector will be presented, as well as the experiments that have been conducted using it. Furthermore, insights into the data acquired during our experiment, as well as the ongoing data processing and associated multi-channel analysis, will be provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nuclear data group at the RPI Gaerttner LINAC Laboratory uses a 60 MeV pulsed electron LINAC to produce short pulses of neutrons and perform cross section and other nuclear data measurements in a wide energy range from below 1 meV to about 20 MeV. This paper will cover several recent activities that are of interest to nuclear applications. Interest in thermal neutron scattering evaluations prompted the need for accurate thermal total cross section measurements for validation. To improve the neutron flux in the sub-thermal region (below 0.01 eV) a cold moderator was designed and installed. A polyethylene moderator operating at about 26 K resulted in a factor of 8 increase in neutron flux below 0.01 eV. Using this new capability, several transmission measurements were performed with samples of polyethylene, polystyrene, Plexiglas, and yttrium hydride. Neutron capture and transmission measurements in the keV energy range were made for 54Fe, which will be used in an evaluation effort that is underway. Capture measurements were collected on an array of C6D6 detectors that was expanded from 4 to 7 detectors, and a complementary transmission measurement was also performed. Finally, research aimed at experimental validation of neutron capture gamma production is in progress. Energy dependent capture gamma cascades are measured with the RPI 16-segment gamma multiplicity detector. Measurements are then compared to capture gamma cascades generated from nuclear structure evaluations processed with DICEBOX and transported with a modified version of MCNP. This system provides important information on the completeness of primary gamma-ray databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to recall some of the main contributions of Roberto Petronzio to physics, with a particular regard to the period we have been working together. His seminal contributions cover an extremely wide range of topics: the foundation of the perturbative approach to QCD, various aspects of weak interaction theory, from basic questions (e.g. the mass of the Higgs) to lattice weak interaction, lattice QCD from the beginning to most recent computations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a unique flow control method using a small rod, called the forced reattachment method, is proposed for the control of the flow around a bluff body. As described in previous papers, the forced reattachment method is a type of separated shear layer control that reduces drag and generates lift, and it can only occur under certain conditions. The forced reattachment phenomenon occurs as a result of an interactive flow between a circular cylinder and a small rod. This phenomenon is characterized by many special features, such as a large stagnant region behind the circular cylinder and the reattachment flow, which adheres to the rear face of the circular cylinder. It is also interesting how it reduces the total drag, including that of the small rod. The aim of this study was to elucidate the details of the stagnant region, the properties of the reattachment flow, and the reduction of the total drag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I will present a short scientific biography of Guido Altarelli, briefly describing some of his most important seminal works. I will analyze in great details the paper of the q2 evolution of the effective quark distribution: I will put this paper in a historical perspective, describing our theoretical understanding at that time and the reasons why the paper was so successful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Machine learning techniques have been employed for preparation and estimation of 96 Mo (n, p) 96Nb reaction data. The experimental data of 96 Mo (n, p) 96Nb reaction available in the EXFOR database was retrieved, analyzed and processed using renormalization and data cleaning techniques. Estimation of the renormalized experimental data with outlier and without outlier, over the entire neutron energy range, was then performed using machine learning regression algorithms of Ordinary Least square, Ridge, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Support Vector Regressor. The results obtained were then compared and it was observed that the data preparation plays a significant role in data quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the quest for the faint primordial B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background, three are the key requirements for any present or future experiment: an utmost sensitivity, excellent control over instrumental systematic effects and over Galactic foreground contamination. Bolometric Interferometry (BI) is a novel technique that matches them all by combining the sensitivity of bolometric detectors, the control of instrumental systematics from interferometry and a software-based, tunable, in-band spectral resolution due to its ability to perform band-splitting during data analysis (spectral imaging). In this paper, we investigate how the spectral imaging capability of BI can help in detecting residual contamination in case an over-simplified model of foreground emission is assumed in the analysis. To mimic this situation, we focus on the next generation of ground-based CMB experiment, CMB-S4, and compare its anticipated sensitivities, frequency and sky coverage with a hypothetical version of the same experiment based on BI, CMB-S4/BI, assuming that lineof-sight (LOS) frequency decorrelation is present in dust emission but is not accounted for during component separation. We show results from a Monte-Carlo analysis based on a parametric component separation method (FGBuster), highlighting how BI has the potential to diagnose the presence of foreground residuals in estimates of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r in the case of unaccounted Galactic dust LOS frequency decorrelation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CONCERTO (CarbON CII line in post-rEionization and ReionizaTiOn) is a low-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer dedicated to the study of star-forming galaxies and clusters of galaxies in the transparent millimeter windows from the ground. It is characterized by a wide instantaneous 18.6 arcmin field of view, operates at 130–310 GHz, and was installed on the 12-meter Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) telescope at 5 100m above sea level. CONCERTO's double focal planes host two arrays of 2 152 kinetic inductance detectors and represent a pioneering instrument to meet a state-of-the-art scientific challenge. This paper introduces the CONCERTO instrument and explains its status, shows the first CONCERTO spectral maps of Orion, and describes the perspectives of the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cluster number count is a major cosmological probe for the next generation of cosmological large scale-structure surveys like the one expected from the Euclid satellite mission. Cosmological constraints will be mainly limited by the understanding of the selection function (SF), which characterize the probability of detecting a cluster of a given mass and redshift. The SF can be estimated by injecting realistic simulated clusters into the survey and re-applying the detection procedure. In this paper, we use the galaxy clusters from The Three Hundred project to study this effect with their member galaxies. We further study possible resolution effects by comparing low and high resolution simulations. Finally, we present the density profiles of the member galaxies and discuss their evolution with cluster mass and redshift. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new generation of upcoming deep photometric and spectroscopic surveys will allow us to measure the astrophysical properties of faint galaxies in massive clusters. This would demand to produce simulations of galaxy clusters with better mass resolution than the ones available today if we want to make comparisons between the upcoming observations and predictions of cosmological models. But producing full-physics hydrodynamical simulations of the most massive clusters is not an easy task. This would involve billions of computational elements to reliably resolve low mass galaxies similar to those measured in observations. On the other hand, dark matter only simulations of cluster size halos can be done with much larger mass resolution but at the cost of having to apply a model that populate galaxies within each of the subhalos in these simulations. In this paper we present the results of a new set of dark matter only simulations with different mass resolutions within the The Three Hundred project. We have generated catalogs of galaxies with stellar and luminosity properties by applying the Sage Semi-Analytical Model of galaxy formation. To obtain the catalogs consistent with the results from hydrodynamical simulations, the internal physical parameters of Sage were calibrated with the Particle Swarm Optimization method using a subset of full-physics runs with the same mass resolution than the dark matter only ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-precision spectroscopy of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is one of the three themes that have been selected by the ESA Voyage 2050 programme. Several space missions dedicated to the measurement of the CMB spectral distortions such as PIXIE, PRISTINE, and FOSSIL have been proposed since 2011. Additionally, balloon-borne projects, such as BISOU, have also been considered as a pathfinder for a future space mission. This paper presents an effort undertaken to define future missions and instruments dedicated to the measurement of the CMB spectral distortions. For this purpose, models allowing to optimize both instrument concept and mission parameters (mission duration, scanning strategy, ...) have been developed. It has been applied to two specific cases, FOSSIL, a space mission proposed to answer the ESA M7 call in 2022 , and BISOU, a CNES Phase 0 study for a balloon-borne mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

class_sz is a versatile, robust and efficient code, in C and Python, optimized to compute theoretical predictions for a wide range of observables relevant to cross-survey science in the Stage IV era. The code is public at https://github.com/CLASS-SZ/class%5fsz along with a series of tutorial notebooks (https://github.com/CLASS-SZ/notebooks). It will be presented in full detail in paper II. Here we give a brief overview of key features and usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate estimation of galaxy cluster masses is a central problem in cosmology. Turbulence is believed to introduce significant deviations from the hydrostatic mass estimates. Estimation of turbulence properties is complicated by projection of the 3D cluster onto the 2D plane of the sky, and is commonly done in the form of indirect probes from fluctuations in the X-ray surface brightness and Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect maps. In this paper, we address this problem using simulations. We examine different methods for estimating the power spectrum on 2D projected fluctuation data, emulating data projected onto a 2D plane of the sky, and comparing them to the original, expected 3D power spectrum. Noise can contaminate the power spectrum of ICM observations, so we also briefly compare a few methods of reducing noise in the images for better spectral estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to their electromagnetic properties, thunderclouds can act as natural particle accelerators. Electrons accelerated in the thunderclouds can reach energies up to tens of MeV. Large populations of high energetic electrons formed by avalanche growth driven by electric fields in the Earth atmosphere called Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanches (RREA) propagate through matter. They are decelerated and deflected in the course of collisions with particles in the atmosphere and emit gamma rays known as bremsstrahlung. The produced gamma rays can further trigger photonuclear reactions in the air and soil. This article reports on the work of project CRREAT (Research Centre of Cosmic Rays and Radiation Events in the Atmosphere), studying various lightning-related phenomena in various ways, both in situ and in the laboratory. This paper focuses on the simulation of the laboratory experiments at the Microtron accelerator in Prague and the neutron generator in Ostrava, where we irradiated various soil samples with 20 MeV electron beams. Experiments showed which radionuclides can be formed during the reactions of high-energy electrons with various soils and can be as targeted products in the thunderstorm radiation effect analysis. Radionuclides produced in exposed samples were measured using a highpurity germanium (HPGe) detector. A computer simulation was done with a simple source and sample geometry using the general-purpose 3D Monte Carlo code PHITS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The response of a nucleus to an electromagnetic probe is a key quantity to simulate photabsorption or photodeexcitation processes. For large calculations at the scale of the entire mass table, this response can be estimated by linear response theory. Thanks to the introduction of the finite-amplitude method (FAM), calculations are computationally efficient. In this paper, we investigate in more details the convergence of FAM calculations of the response function as a function of the parameters controlling the numerical implementation of the theory. We show that the response is much less sensitive to the details of the single-particle basis than, e.g., Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of a network of nuclear reactions populated in the 18O + 12C collision is the main topic of the present paper. It was performed to test nuclear structure and reaction theories in describing the full reaction mechanism occurring in the (18O, 18F) single charge exchange nuclear reaction. From the experimental side, an 18O beam was produced at 275 MeV incident energy by the K800 superconducting cyclotron and the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer was used at the Laboratori Nazionali del Sud of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare to momentum analyse the ejectiles produced in the nuclear reactions within the same experimental setup. From the theoretical side, the proposed approach consists of analysing the whole network of nuclear reactions in the framework of a unique comprehensive and coherent theoretical calculation. This holistic approach, applied both to the experimental and theoretical analysis, is the main feature and novelty of the work presented here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past years various studies have shown that the proton-neutron pairing correlations in N=Z nuclei can be accurately described by a condensate of α-like quartets. It was also shown that the α-like quartets, defined as 4- body collective structures built with two neutrons and two protons, are also able to describe the correlations induced by general two-body interactions of shell-model type. In this paper we summarise the studies mentioned above and then we discuss how the fingerprints of the quartet condensation could be investigated by α-transfer reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. The electroproduction of hypernuclei initiates a captivating domain of study, offering great insights into the characteristics of composite nucleon-hyperon systems. This inquiry assumes prime significance as it displays critical features of nuclear matter structure and tests the interactions between hyperons and nucleons. In this paper, we unveil the distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) approach, aimed at explaining the cross sections in electroproduc-tion of Λ-hypernuclei. Our investigation examines how various model assumptions affect the results we get. We focus on two important factors: influence of the proton Fermi motion and description of the various models of nuclear and hypernuclear structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. One of the prime goals of the COMPASS experiment at CERN is the study of the light meson spectrum, with a particular emphasis on the search for exotic states. The focus of this paper is on signals of the lightest hybrid can didate π1(1600) with spin-exotic quantum numbers JPC= 1−+ in several decay channels such as π−π+π−, rwπ−, ωπ−π0, π−π+π−η, and KSKSπ. In addition, we highlight new results for the K−π+π− final state, which indicate a supernumerary state with respect to the constituent quark model with JP = 0−. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valves are integral parts of modern steam turbines. They provide flexible operations and fast load changes which have become more often due to the increasing share of renewable energy. Along with this, the low pressure loss is required for guaranteed operation conditions. This paper is concerned with investigation of pressure losses in the compact valve, which is used as a valve for the intermediate-pressure turbine part, and its geometry modification to lower overall pressure losses. The investigation is based on results of numerical simulations which were carried out in the Doosan Skoda Power Company using a package of ANSYS software tools. Source of increased pressure losses in the compact valve is identified and a way of its reduction is proposed based on the comparison of the current results with data from a typical control valve model. Data analysis is provided in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the issue of flow measurement in automotive heat exchangers. The measurement is complicated due to the limited space in the heat exchanger area and the non-uniform velocity profile. Therefore, only some measuring techniques can be used, which must be adapted to the specific conditions. The paper presents the initial stages of the development of a sensor for measuring the flow in a heat exchanger. These are CFD simulations used to determine the nature of the flow around the sensor and verify its effect on the flow field in its surrounding and on the entire heat exchanger. The results of these initial simulations are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper summarizes the results of several numerical flow simulations of force influence of air flows on the treated paper sheet to get a contactless fixing of the treated material during its passage through the machine and to prevent the contact of the sheet with the structural elements in the surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to present the main results of the keff inter-comparison exercise performed in 2019-2022 by LANL, LLNL, ORNL and IRSN on a set of common benchmarks. The paper includes a description of the methodology to make the inter-comparison, presents the set of selected cases along with the main tendencies that could be at-tributed to nuclear data. In addition, it identifies some issues on the processing and interpretation of nuclear data done by the various codes of the intercomparison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]