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This meta-analysis aimed to systematically review and analyze parental awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine, as well as parental willingness of the HPV vaccine in China. The literature search selected studies that met the following criteria: study published between 2009 and 2023, study design involving parents with at least one child aged ≤ 18 years, sample sizes exceeding 300, availability of data on parental willingness of the HPV vaccine or sufficient information to calculate effect sizes, and studies published in either English or Chinese. Studies that did not meet one of the above points were excluded. From an initial pool of 660 papers, 33 studies were included, encompassing a total sample size of 92,802. The analysis revealed that the pooled awareness rates of HPV and the HPV vaccine among Chinese parents were 45.0% (95% CI: 36.1-54.0%) and 41.4% (95%CI: 30.7-52.5%), respectively. The overall parental willingness for vaccinating children against HPV was 61.0% (95% CI: 53.5-68.3%). Both parental awareness and willingness of the HPV vaccine in China were found to remain low when compared to other countries.

On 7 December 2022, the State Council of China released 'Measures to Further Optimize the Implementation of the Prevention and Control of the New Coronavirus Epidemic'. The previous three-year dynamic zero epidemic prevention policy was then replaced with a full liberalization policy. On 5 May 2023, the World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 no longer constituted a 'public health emergency of international concern.' However, given the ongoing prevalence of coronavirus, emerging mutations, and the liberalization of restrictions, there are increased risks of vulnerable people contracting new variants. Low vaccination coverage among older people with compromised immune systems, puts them at further risk. The policy shift will increase pressure on already stretched health infrastructure and medical resources. This short article adds to the current debate arguing that the Chinese government should take commensurate preventive measures, including strengthening medical facilities and equipment and targeting ongoing vaccination in older people.

Background: Ameloblastoma, a common benign tumor found in the jaw bone, necessitates accurate localization and segmentation for effective diagnosis and treatment. However, the traditional manual segmentation method is plagued with inefficiencies and drawbacks. Hence, the implementation of an AI-based automatic segmentation approach is crucial to enhance clinical diagnosis and treatment procedures. Methods: We collected CT images from 79 patients diagnosed with ameloblastoma and employed a deep learning neural network model for training and testing purposes. Specifically, we utilized the Mask R-CNN neural network structure and implemented image preprocessing and enhancement techniques. During the testing phase, cross-validation methods were employed for evaluation, and the experimental results were verified using an external validation set. Finally, we obtained an additional dataset comprising 200 CT images of ameloblastoma from a different dental center to evaluate the model's generalization performance. Results: During extensive testing and evaluation, our model successfully demonstrated the capability to automatically segment ameloblastoma. The DICE index achieved an impressive value of 0.874. Moreover, when the IoU threshold ranged from 0.5 to 0.95, the model's AP was 0.741. For a specific IoU threshold of 0.5, the model achieved an AP of 0.914, and for another IoU threshold of 0.75, the AP was 0.826. Our validation using external data confirms the model's strong generalization performance. Conclusion: In this study, we successfully applied a neural network model based on deep learning that effectively performs automatic segmentation of ameloblastoma. The proposed method offers notable advantages in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and speed, rendering it a promising tool for clinical diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discrete grey modelling technique is a novel methodology of grey prediction models, which is effective to improve the effectiveness and applicability of grey models. In order to build a more general and effective univariate grey prediction model, the discrete grey modelling technique is utilised in this paper to build a Quadratic Polynomial Discrete Grey Model (QPDGM). The properties of the QPDGM have been discussed, which indicate that the new model can be regarded as an extension of the conventional discrete grey model and nonhomogeneous grey model, and it is also coincidence with three classes of exponential sequences. The QPDGM is finally applied to predict the energy consumption of China, including the electric power, crude oil and natural gas consumptions. The results have been compared to some commonly used univariate grey prediction models, which indicates the QPDGM is generally more accurate than other models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) pollution has become a common and complex problem in industrial parks due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. Here, soil and groundwater were sampled from a retired industrial park to investigate the pollution characteristics of HMs. Results show that Ni, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cd, and Cu were the typical HMs in the soil. Source analysis with the positive matrix factorization model indicates that HMs in the topsoil stemmed from industrial activities, traffic emission, and natural source, and the groundwater HMs originated from industrial activities, groundwater-soil interaction, groundwater-rock interaction, and atmosphere deposition. The sequential extraction of soil HMs reveals that As and Hg were mainly distributed in the residue fraction, while Ni, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cd, and Cu mainly existed in the mobile fraction. Most HMs either in the total concentration or in the bioavailable fraction preferred to retain in soil as indicated by their high soil-water partitioning coefficients (K d ), and the K d values were correlated with soil pH, groundwater redox potential, and dissolved oxygen. The relative stable soil-groundwater circumstance and the low active fraction contents limited the vertical migration of soil HMs and their release to groundwater. These findings increase our knowledge about HMs pollution characteristics of traditional industrial parks and provide a protocol for HMs pollution scrutinizing in large zones., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The levels of metabolites in honey are influenced by floral origin, production region, and bee species. However, how environmental factors affect honey quality remains unclear. Based on untargeted metabolomics and using UPLC Q-Orbitrap MS, we analyzed 3596 metabolites in 51 honey samples from Yunnan and Shennongjia. Comparative analysis revealed that geniposidic acid, kynurenic acid and caffieine accumulated at significantly different levels between Shennongjia and Yunnan honey. Based on cluster structure analysis, 36 Yunnan honey samples were divided into two distinct groups by altitude. Notably, quercetin, hyperoside, taxifolin, rutin, tryptophan, astragalin and phenylalanine were higher levels in high-altitude honey (>1700 m), whereas abscisic acid was higher levels in low-altitude honey (≤1700 m). Among these, significantly elevated levels of hyperoside, taxfolin, astragalin, and tryptophan were observed in honey collected from high-altitude areas in Shennongjia. Our findings highlight the effect of altitude on honey health-promoting components, providing valuable insights into honey quality., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Amanita exitialis, a deadly mushroom found in eastern Asia, causes the highest death rates among all poisonous mushrooms in China. The aim of the present study was to develop an efficient, accurate, and user-friendly PCR-based method for identifying A. exitialis that could facilitate the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of associated food poisoning. A. exitialis-specific primers and probes were designed based on the internal transcribed spacer region variations of 27 mushroom species. Specificity was confirmed using conventional and real-time PCR for 23 non-target mushroom species, including morphologically similar and closely related species. Compared to conventional PCR, real-time PCR was more sensitive (detectable DNA concentration: 1.36 × 10 -2 ng/μL vs. 1.36 × 10 -3 ) and efficient (analysis time: 1 h vs. 40 min). Furthermore, the real-time PCR results could be immediately visualized using amplification curve analysis. The results present two robust PCR-based methods for A. exitialis identification that can facilitate food safety., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Social anxiety is a common comorbid factor of problematic mobile phone use, but the relationship between them from the inside structure has been underexplored. This two-wave longitudinal study aims to identify the central symptoms of problematic mobile phone use and social anxiety, respectively, as well as the bridge symptoms between the two disorders. Furthermore, this study examined the time and gender differences. A total of 3,294 Chinese adolescents were recruited during two waves (T1: January 2023; T2: August 2023), and completed the questionnaires of social anxiety and problematic mobile phone use. Through network analysis, the results showed that 1) the central symptom of problematic mobile phone use was "loss of control" both at T1 and T2, 2) the central symptom of social anxiety was "fear of negative evaluation" both at T1 and T2, and 3) the bridge symptom between social anxiety and problematic mobile phone use was "withdrawal" both at T1 and T2. Moreover, the network comparison test indicated that the nodes of social anxiety were more strongly associated with "craving", "loss of control", and "negative life consequences" of problematic mobile phone use at T2 than at T1. The nodes of social anxiety were more strongly associated with "negative life consequences" of problematic mobile phone use for boys than for girls, while the "fear of negative evaluation" was more strongly associated with "loss of control" for girls than for boys. These findings provide new scientific basis for interventions targeting adolescents who are susceptible to social anxiety and problematic mobile phone use., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is considered one of the most abundant gas-phase carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere, which can be directly emitted through transportation sources. Long-Path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) was used to observe HCHO in the river channel of Wusong Wharf in Shanghai, China for the whole year of 2019. Due to the impact of ship activity, the annual average HCHO level in the channel is about 2.5 times higher than that in the nearby campus environment. To explain the sources of HCHO under different meteorological conditions, the tracer-pair of CO and O x (NO 2 +O 3 ) was used on the clustered air masses. The results of the source appointment show that primary, secondary and background account for 24.14% (3.34 ± 1.19 ppbv), 44.78% (6.20 ± 2.04 ppbv) and 31.09% (4.31 ± 2.33 ppbv) of the HCHO in the channel when the air masses were from the mixed direction of the city and channel, respectively. By performing background station subtraction at times of high primary HCHO values and resolving the plume peaks, directly emitted HCHO/NO 2 in the channel environment and plume were determined to be mainly distributed between 0.2 and 0.3. General cargo ships with higher sailing speeds or main engine powers tend to have higher HCHO/NO 2 levels. With the knowledge of NO 2 (or NO x ) emission levels from ships, this study may provide data support for the establishment of HCHO emission factors., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

We conducted a simultaneous field study of PM 2.5 -bound particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aromatic acids (AAs) in a polluted city Zhengzhou to explore the concentration, sources and potential conversion pathways between PAHs and AAs in different seasons. The average concentrations of PM 2.5 , 28PAHs and 8AAs during the sampling period were 77 µg/m 3 , 75 ng/m 3 , and 283 ng/m 3 , respectively. The concentration of both 28PAHs and 8AAs were highest in winter and lowest in summer with ratios of 6.3 and 2.3, respectively. PAHs with 5-7 rings were the main components of PAHs (52%), followed by 4 rings PAHs (30%) and 2-3 rings PAHs (18%). According to the source appointment results obtained by positive matrix factorization, the main sources of PAHs were combustion and vehicle emissions, which account for 37% and 34%, respectively. 8AAs were divided into three groups, including four benzene dicarboxylic acids (B2CAs), three benzene tricarboxylic acids (B3CAs) and one benzene tetracarboxylic acid (B4CA). And interspecies correlation analysis with PM 2.5 source markers were used to investigate potential sources. Phthalic acid (o-Ph) was the most abundant specie of 8AAs (157 ng/m 3 , 55% of 8AAs), which was well correlated with sulfate. Meanwhile, B3CAs and B4CA were highly correlated with sulfate and weakly correlated with levoglucosan, suggesting that secondary formation was their main source. As logical oxidation products of PAHs, o-Ph and B3CAs showed good correlations with a number of PAHs, indicating possible photochemical oxidation pathway by PAHs. In addition, O 3 , NO 2 , temperature and relative humidity have positive effects on the secondary formation of B3CAs., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

In North China, iodine-rich groundwater has been extensively studied, but few in South China. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of iodine-rich groundwater in South China and identify potential contamination sources. The results revealed that the average concentration of iodine in groundwater was 890 µg/L, with a maximum concentration of 6350 µg/L, exceeding the permitted levels recommended by the World Health Organization (5-300 µg/L). Notably, the enrichment of iodide occurred in acidic conditions (pH = 6.6) and a relatively low Eh environment (Eh = 198.4 mV). Pearson correlation and cluster analyses suggested that the enrichment of iodide could be attributed to the intensified redox process involving Mn(II), iodine (I 2 ), or iodate (IO 3 - ) in the soil. The strong affinity between Mn(II) and I 2 /IO 3 - facilitated their interaction, resulting in the formation and mobilization of I - from the soil to the groundwater. Leaching experiments further confirmed that reducing substances (such as sodium sulfides, ascorbic acids, and fulvic acids) in the soil with low dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (< 1.0 mg/L) enhanced the dissolution of iodine species. Conversely, higher DO content (> 3.8 mg/L) promoted the oxidation of I - into I 2 enrichment in groundwater in South China, and emphasizes the significance of the redox reactions involving Mn(II) and I 3 - , leading to its stabilization. This research provides new insights into the characteristics and mechanisms of I - enrichment in groundwater in South China, and emphasizes the significance of the redox reactions involving Mn(II) and I 2 /IO 3 - , as well as the influence of soil properties in regulating the occurrence and transportation of iodine species within groundwater systems., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Defined starter cultures, containing selected microbes could reduce the complexity of natural starter, are beneficial for controllable food fermentations. However, there are challenges in identifying key microbiota and constructing synthetic microbiota for traditional food fermentations. Here, we aimed to develop a defined starter culture for reproducible profile of flavour compounds, using Chinese Xiaoqu Baijiu fermentation as a case. We classified all microbes into 4 modules using weighted correlation network analysis. Module 3 presented significant correlations with flavour compounds (P < 0.05) and the highest gene abundance related with flavour compound production. 13 dominant species in module 3 were selected for mixed culture fermentation, and each species was individually deleted to analyse the effect on flavour compound production. Ten species, presenting significant effects (P < 0.05) on flavour compound production, were selected for developing the starter culture, including Rhizopus oryzae, Rhizopus microsporus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia kudriavzevii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Lactobacillus acetotolerans, Levilactobacillus brevis, Weissella paramesenteroides, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides. After optimising the structure of the starter culture, the profile similarity of flavour compounds produced by the starter culture reached 81.88% with that by the natural starter. This work indicated feasibility of reproducible profile of flavour compounds with defined starter culture for food fermentations., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Study Objective: To assess the impact of preoperative infection with the contemporary strain of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative mortality, respiratory morbidity and extrapulmonary complications after elective, noncardiac surgery., Design: An ambidirectional observational cohort study., Setting: A tertiary and teaching hospital in Shanghai, China., Patients: All adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) who underwent elective, noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia at Huashan Hospital of Fudan University from January until March 2023 were screened for eligibility. A total of 2907 patients were included., Exposure: Preoperative coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity., Measurements: The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative mortality. The secondary outcomes included postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS), acute kidney injury (AKI), postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative sleep quality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the risk of postoperative mortality and morbidity imposed by preoperative COVID-19., Main Results: The risk of 30-day postoperative mortality was not associated with preoperative COVID-19 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40, 0.13-1.28, P = 0.123] or operation timing relative to diagnosis. Preoperative COVID-19 did not increase the risk of PPCs (aOR, 95% CI: 0.99, 0.71-1.38, P = 0.944), MINS (aOR, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.22-1.30; P = 0.168), or AKI (aOR, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.10-1.09; P = 0.070) or affect postoperative sleep quality. Patients who underwent surgery within 7 weeks after COVID-19 had increased odds of developing delirium (aOR, 95% CI: 2.26, 1.05-4.86, P = 0.036)., Conclusions: Preoperative COVID-19 or timing of surgery relative to diagnosis did not confer any added risk of 30-day postoperative mortality, PPCs, MINS or AKI. However, recent COVID-19 increased the risk of POD. Perioperative brain health should be considered during preoperative risk assessment for COVID-19 survivors., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Using multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) technique to rank alternatives is a well-known area of study in which aggregation operators, such as ordered weighted averaging (OWA) and induced OWA (IOWA) operators, play an important role in merging information and producing an overall ranking. The distance measures from ideal argument values in aggregation operators have gained attention in recent literature. Distance measures are traditionally used as argument variables, which leads to the depiction that the attribute cannot be aggregated directly. In this paper, a generalized form of distance-induced OWA (DIOWA) operators is proposed with distance measures used as order-inducing variables. A distinctive benefit of DIOWA operators is that they permit us to consider ideal argument values while simultaneously also taking the attribute values as argument variables. Three variants of DIOWA operators are proposed and investigated, namely a) the Hamming distance-induced OWA (HDIOWA) operator, b) the normalized Hamming distance-induced OWA (NHDIOWA) operator, and c) the weighted Hamming distance-induced OWA (WHDIOWA) operator. We highlight their important properties and provide proofs to necessary theorems, and also suggest the determination methods for calculating their associated weights. We discuss further extensions of the proposed DIOWA operators with the help of generalized and quasi-arithmetic means. We discuss the use of our proposed family of operators for two different decision making situations, and demonstrate their validity by an illustrative numerical example. Finally, we apply the proposed operators to a real-life problem of ranking Chinese provinces for their science and technology (S&T) development levels. The proposed operators are shown to be a useful addition to the aggregation toolbox for decision analysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Explain the economic value of the quadratic cost of MECM in terms of marginal cost and elasticity. • Adopt an opinion modification mechanism based on social network. • The MECMs with uncertain adjustment costs are developed under three uncertain scenarios. • The proposed models are applied to the agricultural insurance premiums subsidy policymaking in China. In the realm of group decision making (GDM), the maximum expert consensus model (MECM) emerges as a potent tool for consensus optimization. The complexity of decision-making environment leads to the uncertainty of adjustment costs and the intricate social relationships between decision makers (DMs). Therefore, this paper aims to develop the MECM that integrates both social relationships and uncertain adjustment costs to support social network group decision making (SNGDM) problems. Specifically, we propose a MECM with quadratic cost that can more accurately reflect DMs' sensitivity for opinion adjustment. Additionally, we adopt an opinion modification mechanism based on the information obtained from the social network. The paper also develops the robust MECM (RMECM) to handle the uncertainty of the unit adjustment cost under three uncertain scenarios. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed models is demonstrated by applying them to the agricultural insurance premiums subsidy policymaking in China, further substantiated by sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis showcasing their robust performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food authenticity is extremely important and widely targeted bi-omics is a promising pipeline attributing to incorporating metabolomics and peptidomics. Colla Corii Asini (CCA, Ejiao) is one of the most popular tonic edible materials, with counterfeit and adulterated products being widespread. An attempt was devoted to develop a high-throughput and reliable DI-MRM 3 program facilitating widely targeted bi-omics of CCA. Firstly, predictive MRM program captured metabolites and peptides in trypsin-digestive gelatins. After data alignment and structure annotation, primary parameters such as Q1 → Q3 → Q LIT , CE, and EE were optimized for all 17 metabolites and 34 peptides by online ER-MS. Though a single run merely consumed 6.5 min, great selectivity was reached for each analyte. Statistical results showed that nine peptides contributed to distinguish CCA from other gelatins. After cross-validation with LC-MRM, DI-MRM 3 was justified to be reproducible and high-throughput for widely targeted bi-omics of CCA, suggesting a meaningful tool for food authenticity., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

This research aimed to investigate the characteristics of casein phosphopeptides in Chinese human milk, and their potential relationship to infant growth. Using the liquid chromatography-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry technique, a total of 15 casein phosphopeptides were identified from 200 human milk samples. Also, our results indicate that casein phosphopeptides were phosphorylated with only one phosphate. The relative concentrations of casein phosphopeptides at 6 months postpartum were increased compared with milk at 2 months (FDR < 0.05). Significantly positive correlations were observed between casein phosphopeptides and infant growth, as shown by four casein phosphopeptides were positively correlated with the infants' weight-for-age Z-scores (r s range from 0.20 to 0.29), and three casein phosphopeptides were positively correlated with the infants' length-for-age Z-scores (r s range from 0.19 to 0.27). This study is the first to reveal the phosphorylated level and composition of casein phosphopeptides in Chinese human milk, and their potential relationship with infant growth., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Biochar has garnered significant attention across various fields due to its outstanding catalytic properties, making it a focal point in biochar development. This study employs Citespace software to perform a bibliometric analysis, elucidating the research hotspots and developmental trends of biochar in electrochemical energy storage devices. It visualizes the trends and research status of biochar within this context. A visual analysis network, encompassing national collaboration, institutional cooperation, and author levels, is established and categorized. Additionally, the visualization of cited documents and journal co-citation networks reveals the primary subject distribution and core journals in this domain. The main research content is identified through journal co-citation visualization. Keyword co-occurrence and burst analyses highlight current research hotspots and emerging frontiers. This comprehensive analysis explores the collaborative efforts and contributions of biochar in electrochemical energy storage devices, from individual researchers to institutions and countries, providing insights into its developmental status. The paper offers a detailed exposition, further organizing the development narrative of this field and clarifying its research hotspots and trends. The conclusions and outlooks presented can offer scholars a deeper understanding of biochar's role in electrochemical energy storage devices and guide future research directions in this area. [Display omitted] • Citespace was used to investigate the preparation and application of biochar. • 602 publications from Web of Science were examined from 2014 to 2023. • Scholars from China have undertaken more detailed study on biochar. • Using keywords co-occurrence, the current state of research was critically analyzed. • Future research recommendations on the application of biochar are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated 120 Chinese wines from seven regions and had two objectives: to clarify the Sr isotope ratios and elemental characteristics of each region and to develop a strategy to distinguish the geographic origin of wine without authentic samples to predict its origin. The analyzed 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values ranged from 0.708256 to 0.715148, which correlated with the geological characteristics of the regions where they were grown. The Hexi Corridor exhibited the highest ratios of Sr isotopes, while Xinjiang had the lowest. The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values were applied to establish a prediction map which was evaluated through cross-validation. The prediction error was found to be less than 0.00074. The Sr isotope ratio could remain stable for an extended period in a specific location. This map shows the feasibility of identifying wine origin and could be applied to other food products. Adding Sr isotope ratios could improve the accuracy in tracing wine origin., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Distinguishing and categorizing the origin of garlic are highly significant, considering its widespread use as a flavoring agent. With billions of dollars annually in global trade, garlic is frequently susceptible to fraudulent practices., Methodology: Paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS-MS) was employed to quickly analyze garlic samples from distinct geographic origins: China and Brazil. The so-generated PS-MS data were treated with metabolomic multivariate approaches, and the garlic samples from these different geographic regions were easily discriminated., Results: Brazilian garlic was characterized to contain higher levels of amino acids, such as arginine, proline, and valine, and organosulfur compounds, such as allicin, alliin, and l-γ-glutamil-S-allyl-l-cysteine, compared to Chinese garlic. The PS-MS data were treated employing multivariate approaches, typically used in the metabolomics field, and this protocol was promptly able to discern among both types of samples., Conclusion: Hence, this combined strategy holds promise not only as an effective tool for the authentication of the geographical origin of garlic but also as a powerful means for biomarker discovery., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

It has become a new trend for the future development of Chinese agriculture to accelerate the transformation from increasing production to improving quality and realizing green growth. This paper uses the sequential DEA to measure the agricultural green total factor productivity (GTFP) of 306 Chinese cities from 1996 to 2017, then tests its convergence. The results show that the average growth rate of Chinese agricultural GTFP is 0.58%; the main driving force coming from technical progress. The convergence of agricultural GTFP has dual characteristics of stages and regions, and the significant σ convergence only exists in the central region during 1996–2003. There is significant β convergence at the national level, in the eastern and central regions, and neither convergence nor divergence in the western region. However, during 2004–2017, only the eastern region had β convergence. Finally, the conditional convergence speed is higher than the absolute convergence, and the eastern region is higher than the central. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand pore evolution in relation to sedimentary facies, a study has been conducted on the Chang 6 reservoir in Western Ordos Basin. Tight reservoir space comprises primary intergranular pores with an average original porosity is 36.29%, and secondary pores related to feldspar dissolution. Reservoir porosity is 8.03–11.43% and permeability is 0.12 × 10−3–1.31 × 10−3 μm2. Cementation and mechanical compaction are the main reasons for the quality of the reservoir. Dissolution of feldspar grains improved the reservoir quality. The reservoir has undergone four evolutionary stages: ① Syn-sedimentary compaction which decreased the porosity by 21.27%, to an average remaining porosity was 15.12%. ② Early diagenetic cementation which decreased the porosity by 6.23% to an average residual porosity was 8.89%. ③ Early stage of mesodiagenesis: involving dissolution and formation of micro-fractures that led to an increase in porosity by 5.47% resulting in an average porosity of 14.36%. ④ Compaction and cementation during the late mesodiagenetic stage resulting in an average porosity of 10.87%. Quantitative calculations reveal an average reservoir porosity is 10.68% with an error of 1.75%. The results contribute to a better understanding of the main controlling factors and pore evolution characteristics of tight reservoir development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After collecting Raman spectral data of 12 compounds from commonly used Uyghur medicinal materials, the mixture data are synthesized using computer simulation methods. An accurate identification method for Uyghur medicine components based on Raman spectroscopy and multi-label deep learning is constructed, and the performance of the model Mix2Com is evaluated using several metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall value, and F1 score. [Display omitted] • Existing methods identifying Uyghur medicinal components aren't fit for large samples. • A new method based on Raman spectroscopy and multi-label learning is proposed. • Macro-parallel identification of components is achieved. • The model Mix2Com is constructed with LSTM and Attention introduced. • Mix2Com achieves 90.76% accuracy, better than XGBoost and DeepRaman. Uyghur medicine is one of the four major ethnic medicines in China and is a component of traditional Chinese medicine. The intrinsic quality of Uyghur medicinal materials will directly affect the clinical efficacy of Uyghur medicinal preparations. However, in recent years, problems such as adulteration of Uyghur medicinal materials and foreign bodies with the same name still exist, so it is necessary to strengthen the quality control of Uyghur medicines to guarantee Uyghur medicinal efficacy. Identifying the components of Uyghur medicines can clarify the types of medicinal materials used, is a crucial step to realizing the quality control of Uyghur medicines, and is also an important step in screening the effective components of Uyghur medicines. Currently, the method of identifying the components of Uyghur medicines relies on manual detection, which has the problems of high toxicity of the unfolding agent, poor stability, high cost, low efficiency, etc. Therefore, this paper proposes a method based on Raman spectroscopy and multi-label deep learning model to construct a model Mix2Com for accurate identification of Uyghur medicine components. The experiments use computer-simulated mixtures as the dataset, introduce the Long Short-Term Memory Model (LSTM) and Attention mechanism to encode the Raman spectral data, use multiple parallel networks for decoding, and ultimately realize the macro parallel prediction of medicine components. The results show that the model is trained to achieve 90.76% accuracy, 99.41% precision, 95.42% recall value and 97.37% F1 score. Compared to the traditional XGBoost model, the method proposed in the experiment improves the accuracy by 49% and the recall value by 18%; compared with the DeepRaman model, the accuracy is improved by 9% and the recall value is improved by 14%. The method proposed in this paper provides a new solution for the accurate identification of Uyghur medicinal components. It helps to improve the quality standard of Uyghur medicinal materials, advance the research on screening of effective chemical components of Uyghur medicines and their action mechanisms, and then promote the modernization and development of Uyghur medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Douchi is a kind of traditional Chinese fermented soybean product with outstanding umami taste. Besides the umami amino acids in Douchi, peptides were also considered as an important contributor for the umami taste of Douchi. Peptides with molecular weight below 0.66 kDa accounted for more than 50 % in all samples except for TongChuan Douchi, and a total of 421 peptides were identified from the ten kinds of Douchi samples by using LC-MS/MS. Combined with sensory evaluation results, 19 peptides containing Glu, Asp or known umami peptide sequences were chosen as potential umami peptides via PLS-DA and RDA analysis. Among them, 17 soluble peptides exhibited obvious umami taste and the threshold of 7 peptides were lower than MSG solution. Especially, the VD was detected with a minimum umami taste threshold at 0.16 mg/mL. The results indicated that the umami peptides might be the important components affecting the umami taste of Douchi., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

In the study, a sweet wine koji (YQ-5) was successfully selected to make frozen Chinese sweet rice wine dough (F-CD) for flavor enrichment. Subsequently, the effects of single improver (SI: xanthan gum, potassium carbonate, antifreeze protein, diacetyl tartaric esters of monoglycerides and composite improver (XPADG: Four improvers mixed in proportion) on the texture, rheological properties, microstructure, water status, protein secondary structure, volatile flavor substances and sensory properties of F-CD during frozen storage were investigated. The results indicated that XPADG slowed the increase in freezable water and water mobility in the dough, giving dough the most stable rheological properties and minimizing the damage of freezing to the secondary structure and microstructure of proteins. Besides, GC-QTOF/MS analysis showed that XPADG may facilitate the retention of flavoring substances in F-CD after storage for 6 days. Finally, the sensory evaluation showed that XPADG imparted good sensory properties to the product after freezing for 6 days., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

To achieve salt reduction while ensuring flavor quality of Chinese horse bean-chili-paste (CHCP), we comprehensively explored the effect of indigenous strains Tetragenococcus halophilus and Candida versatilis on the aroma profiles of low-salt CHCP by metabolomics and sensomics analysis. A total of 129 volatiles and 34 aroma compounds were identified by GC × GC-MS and GC-O-MS, among which 29 and 20 volatiles were identified as significant difference compounds and aroma-active compounds, respectively. Inoculation with the two indigenous strains could effectively relieve the undesired acidic and irritative flavor brought by acetic acid and some aldehydes in salt-reduction samples. Meanwhile, inoculated fermentation provided more complex and richer volatiles in low-salt batches, especially for the accumulation of 3-methylbutanol, 1-octen-3-ol, benzeneacetaldehyde, phenylethyl alcohol, and 4-ethyl-phenol etc., which were confirmed as essential aroma compounds of CHCP by recombination and omission tests. The research elucidated the feasibility of bioturbation strategy to achieve salt-reducing fermentation of fermented foods., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Crown dimensions data of deciduous teeth hold anthropological, forensic, and archaeological value. However, such information remains scarce for the Chinese population. This multi-center study aimed to collect a large sample of deciduous crown data from Chinese children using three-dimensional measurement methods and to analyze their dimensions., Design: A total of 1592 children's deciduous dentition samples were included, and the sample size was distributed according to Northeast, North, East, Northwest, Southwest and South China. Digital dental models were reconstructed from plaster dental models. Independent sample t test, paired t test, principal component analysis (PCA), and factor analysis (FA) were used to analyze the tooth crown dimensions., Result: 18,318 deciduous teeth from 1592 children were included. Males exhibited slightly larger values than females. The range of sexual dimorphism percentages for each measurement was as follows: mesiodistal diameter (0.40-2.08), buccolingual diameter (0.13-2.24), and maxillogingival diameter (0.48-3.37). The FA results showed that the main trend of crown dimensions changes was the simultaneous increase or decrease in mesiodistal diameter, buccolingual diameter and maxillogingival diameter in three directions., Conclusion: This is the first large-scale survey of deciduous tooth crown dimensions in China, which supplements the data of deciduous tooth measurement and provides a reference for clinical application., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Wang Zuomin reports financial support was provided by Hainan Sunny Medical Development Foundation. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Azole fungicides (AFs) play an important role in the prevention and treatment of fungal diseases in agricultural crops. However, limited studies are addressing the fate and ecological risk of AFs in the urban water cycle at a large watershed scale. To address this gap, we investigated the spatiotemporal distribution and ecological risk of twenty AFs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River across four seasons. Carbendazim (CBA), tebuconazole (TBA), tricyclazole (TCA), and propiconazole (PPA) were found to be the dominant compounds. Their highest concentrations were measured in January (188.3 ng/L), and November (2197.1 ng/L), July (162.0 ng/L), and November (1801.9 ng/L), respectively. The comparison between wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) effluents and surface water suggested that industrial WWTPs are major sources of AFs in the Yangtze River. In particular, TBA and PPA were found to be the most recalcitrant AFs in industrial WWTPs, while difenoconazole (DFA) was found to be the most potent pollutant in municipal WWTPs, with an average removal rate of less than 60%. The average risk quotient (RQ) for the entire AFs was 6.45 in the fall, which was higher than in January (0.98), April (0.61), and July (0.40). This indicates that AFs in surface water posed higher environmental risks during the dry season. Additionally, the exposure risk of AFs via drinking water for sensitive populations deserves more attention. This study provides benchmark data on the occurrence of AFs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and offers suggestions for better reduction of AFs., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interests The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

A strongly declining aerosol radiative effect has been observed in China since 2013 after implementing the clean air action, yet its impact on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production remains unclear. We use satellite measures and a biophysical crop model to assess the impact of aerosol-induced radiative perturbations on winter wheat production in the agricultural belt of Henan province from 2013 to 2018. After calibrating parameters with the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (EFAST) and the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) method, the DSSAT CERES-Wheat model was able to simulate crop biomass and yield more accurately. We found that the aerosol negatively impacted wheat biomass by 21.87% and yield by 22.48% from 2006 to 2018, and the biomass effects from planting to anthesis were more significant compared to anthesis to maturity. Due to the strict clean air action, under all-sky conditions, the surface solar shortwave radiation (SSR) in 2018 increased by about 7.08% over 2006-2013 during the wheat growing seasons. As a result of the improvement of crop photosynthesis, winter wheat biomass and yield increased by an average of 5.46% and 2.9%, respectively. Our findings show that crop carbon uptake and yield will benefit from the clean air action in China, helping to ensure national food and health security., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

In this study, a hybrid model, the convolutional neural network-support vector regression model, was adopted to achieve prediction of the NO 2 profile in Nanjing from January 2019 to March 2021. Given the sudden decline in NO 2 in February 2020, the contribution of the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) lockdown, Chinese New Year (CNY), and meteorological conditions to the reduction of NO 2 was evaluated. NO 2 vertical column densities (VCDs) from January to March 2020 decreased by 59.05% and 32.81%, relative to the same period in 2019 and 2021, respectively. During the period of 2020 COVID-19, the average NO 2 VCDs were 50.50% and 29.96% lower than those during the pre-lockdown and post-lockdown periods, respectively. The NO 2 volume mixing ratios (VMRs) during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown significantly decreased below 400 m. The NO 2 VMRs under the different wind fields were significantly lower during the lockdown period than during the pre-lockdown period. This phenomenon could be attributed to the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown. The NO 2 VMRs before and after the CNY were significantly lower in 2020 than in 2019 and 2021 in the same period, which further proves that the decrease in NO 2 in February 2020 was attributed to the COVID-19 lockdown. Pollution source analysis of an NO 2 pollution episode during the lockdown period showed that the polluted air mass in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei was transported southwards under the action of the north wind, and the subsequent unfavorable meteorological conditions (local wind speed of < 2.0 m/sec) resulted in the accumulation of pollutants., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Trace elements in atmospheric particulate matter play a significant role in air quality, human health, and biogeochemical cycles. In this study, the trace elements (Ca, Al, K, Fe, Na, Mg, Zn, Pb, Mn, Ti, Cu, Cr, Sr, Ni) in PM 2.5 samples collected at the summit of Mt. Lushan were analyzed to quantify their abundance, source, transport, and health risks. During the whole sampling period, the major trace elements was Ca, Al, and K. While the trace metals with the lowest concentrations were Sr, Ni, Rb, and Cd. The trace elements were influenced by air mass transport routes, exhibiting an increasing trend of crustal elements in the northwesterly airmass and anthropogenic elements (Zn, Mn, Cu, and Ni) in the easterly air masses. Construction dust, coal + biomass burning, vehicle emission, urban nitrate-rich + urban waste incineration emissions, and soil dust + industry emissions were common sources of PM 2.5 on Mt. Lushan. Different air mass transport routes had various source contribution patterns. These results indicate that trace elements at Mt. Lushan are influenced by regional anthropogenic emissions and monsoon-dominated trace element transport. The total resulting cancer risk value that these elements posed were below the acceptable risk value of 1 × 10 -6 , while the non-carcinogenic risk value (1.72) was higher than the safety level, suggesting that non-carcinogenic effects due to these trace elements inhalation were likely to occur. Vehicle emission and coal + biomass burning were the common dominant sources of non-cancer risks posed by trace elements at Mt. Lushan., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Effective density (ρ eff ) is one of the most important physical properties of atmospheric particles, providing important references in exploring the emissions and aging processes of fresh particles. In this study, a combined system of differential mobility analyzer, centrifugal particle mass analyzer, and condensation particle counter was used to periodically measure the ρ eff of atmospheric particles in Shenzhen from Oct. 2021 to Jan. 2022. Results showed that the ρ eff of particles with various size presented a bimodal distribution, which could be divided into main density (ρ m , main peak, corresponding to relatively dense particles after aging) and sub density (ρ s , sub peak, corresponding to fresh particles). The occurrence frequencies of ρ s of particles with diameters of 50 and 80 nm were less than 20%, but were as high as about 40% of that with diameters from 120 to 350 nm. The ρ m showed increasing trend with the size of particles, while ρ s decreased as the increasing of the size of particles. The ρ eff on pollution day varied significantly with chemical compositions. The increasing of the proportion of sulfate could promote the increasing of ρ eff , while black carbon and organic matter caused opposite effects, which may be related to various factors, including the difference of the material density and morphology of various chemical components. The ρ eff of 50, 80 and 120 nm particles decreased considerably during the new particle formation event, indicating that organic condensation was an important contributor to new particle growth., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interests The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The complex air pollution driven by both Ozone (O 3 ) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) significantly influences the air quality in the Sichuan Basin (SCB). Understanding the O 3 formation during autumn and winter is necessary to understand the atmospheric oxidative capacity. Therefore, continuous in-site field observations were carried out during the late summer, early autumn and winter of 2020 in a rural area of Chongqing. The total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentration reported by a Proton-Transfer-Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) were 13.66 ± 9.75 ppb, 5.50 ± 2.64 ppb, and 9.41 ± 5.11 ppb in late summer, early autumn and winter, respectively. The anthropogenic VOCs (AVOCs) and biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) were 8.48 ± 7.92 ppb and 5.18 ± 2.99 ppb in late summer, 3.31 ± 1.89 ppb and 2.19 ± 0.93 ppb in autumn, and 6.22 ± 3.99 ppb and 3.20 ± 1.27 ppb in winter. A zero-dimensional atmospheric box model was employed to investigate the sensitivity of O 3 -precursors by relative incremental reactivity (RIR). The RIR values of AVOCs, BVOCs, carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) were 0.31, 0.71, 0.09, and -0.36 for late summer, 0.24, 0.59, 0.22, and -0.38 for early autumn, and 0.30, 0.64, 0.33 and -0.70 for winter, and the results showed that the O 3 formation of sampling area was in the VOC-limited region, and O 3 was most sensitive to BVOCs (with highest RIR values, > 0.6). This study can be helpful in understanding O 3 formation and interpreting the secondary formation of aerosols in the winter., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Nitrosamines are a class of carcinogens which have been detected widely in food, water, some pharmaceuticals as well as tobacco. The objectives of this paper include reviewing the basic information on tobacco consumption and nitrosamine contents, and assessing the health risks of tobacco nitrosamines exposure to Chinese smokers. We searched the publications in English from "Web of Science" and those in Chinese from the "China National Knowledge Infrastructure" in 2022 and collected 151 literatures with valid information. The content of main nitrosamines in tobacco, including 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), N-nitrosoanatabine (NAT), N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB), total tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) were summarized. The information of daily tobacco consumption of smokers in 30 provinces of China was also collected. Then, the intakes of NNN, NNK, NAT, NAB, TSNAs, and NDMA via tobacco smoke were estimated as 1534 ng/day, 591 ng/day, 685 ng/day, 81 ng/day, 2543 ng/day, and 484 ng/day by adult smokers in 30 provinces, respectively. The cancer risk (CR) values for NNN and NNK inhalation intake were further calculated as 1.44 × 10 -5 and 1.95 × 10 -4 . The CR value for NDMA intake via tobacco smoke (inhalation: 1.66 × 10 -4 ) indicates that NDMA is similarly dangerous in tobacco smoke when compared with the TSNAs. In China, the CR values caused by average nitrosamines intake via various exposures and their order can be estimated as the following: smoke (3.75 × 10 -4 ) > food (1.74 × 10 -4 ) > drinking water (1.38 × 10 -5 ). Smokers in China averagely suffer 200% of extra cancer risk caused by nitrosamines in tobacco when compared with non-smokers., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Introduction: The reason why some people with severe mental illness (SMI) maintain positive self-identity, while some are affected by the stigmatized environment is unclear., Aims: To describe the status of individual stigma and explore the relationship between self-stigma, stigma resistance and related variables in people with SMI., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2021 to March 2022. The Chinese version of Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale and Stigma Resistance Scale were used to assess individual stigma. Perceived public stigma, psychological capital, stigma stress appraisal and coping orientations were also measured by scales. Data was provided by 422 patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, from one psychiatric hospital and four community healthcare centers in China. A structural equation model was applied for analysis., Results: The total mean scores of self-stigma and stigma resistance were (2.06 ± 0.65), and (3.95 ± 0.84). Perceived public stigma was the primary condition for constructing individual stigma, which indirectly affected self-stigma (β = 0.268) and stigma resistance (β = -0.145). Stigma stress appraisal mediated the transformation of public stigma into individual, which had direct and indirect effects on self-stigma (β = 0.417, 0.166), and an indirect effect on stigma resistance (β = -0.374). Secrecy positively affected self-stigma (β = 0.117), while positive coping positively affected stigma resistance (β = 0.380). Psychological capital significantly directly impacted individual stigma., Conclusions: Findings highlighted how public stigma determines the degree to which patients with SMI deal with stigma stress appraisal, and how this influences individuals. Anti-stigma programs and interventions to improve individuals' psychological capital and coping capabilities should be emphasized., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Objective: To quantify medical staff preferences for providing health education service in hospitals., Methods: This study took medical staff in the department of internal medicine of hospitals in Beijing, China as the research subjects, and designed a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to investigate the health education service provision preferences of them. Through various methods, 8 attributes and corresponding levels were determined. An online survey was conducted among the medical staff of the sample hospitals from May to June 2023. Participants' preferences were analyzed using conditional logit and mixed logit models., Results: Finally, 831 respondents completed the questionnaire, among which 600 cases passed the consistency test. All the attributes included in this study had an impact on medical staff' health education service preferences (P < 0.001). The most important one with the greatest impact on the health education service delivery behavior of the respondents was "department working atmosphere-encouraging health education" (β = 4.062, P < 0.001)., Conclusion: In this study, the departmental work atmosphere and performance bonuses emerged as crucial factors influencing the engagement of medical staff in health education work., Practical Implications: Hospitals should prioritize measures to improve the health education working atmosphere in departments to increase the enthusiasm of medical staff to provide services., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Although malnutrition has been shown to influence the clinical outcome of poststroke disabled patients, the associated factors and the prediction model have yet to be uncovered., Objectives: This study aims to assess the current prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition in poststroke disabled patients and establish a prediction model., Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional survey among Chinese poststroke disabled patients (≥18 y old) was conducted in 2021. Information on patients' basic data, medical history, Barthel Index, dysphagia, and nutritional status was collected. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the factors that influence malnutrition. Nomogram was developed and internal validation was conducted using 5-fold cross-validation. External validation was performed using the data from a preliminary survey. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to analyze the predictive value of the nomogram., Results: Four hundred fifty-seven cases were enrolled, with the prevalence of malnutrition as 71.77%. Age (aOR = 1.039, 95% CI: 1.006-1.078), pulmonary infection (aOR = 4.301, 95% CI: 2.268-14.464), dysphagia (aOR = 24.605, 95% CI: 4.966-191.058), total intake volume (aOR = 0.997, 95% CI: 0.995-0.999), Barthel Index (aOR = 0.965, 95% CI: 0.951-0.980), and nasogastric tube (aOR = 16.529, 95% CI: 7.418-52.518) as nutrition support mode (compared to oral intake) were identified as the associated factors of malnutrition in stroke-disabled patients (P < 0.05). ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for nomogram was 0.854 (95% CI: 0.816-0.892). Fivefold cross-validation showed the mean AUC as 0.829 (95% CI: 0.784-0.873). There were no significant differences between predicted and actual probabilities. The DCA revealed that the model exhibited a net benefit when the risk threshold was between 0 and 0.4., Conclusions: Age, pulmonary infection, dysphagia, nutrition support mode, total intake volume, and Barthel Index were factors associated with malnutrition in stroke-related disabled patients. The nomogram based on the result exhibited good accuracy, consistency and values., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Zeng Xi reports financial support was provided by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Zeng Xi reports a relationship with The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University that includes: employment. Cai Ang reports a relationship with The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University that includes: employment. Zeng Hongji reports a relationship with Zhengzhou University that includes: employment. Wu Junfa reports a relationship with Huashan Hospital Fudan University that includes: employment. Ding Yu reports a relationship with Chinese PLA General Hospital that includes: employment. Zhao Weijia reports a relationship with Zhengzhou University that includes: employment. Zeng Xi has patent #CN109172380A with royalties paid to CN109172380A. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: This paper explores the role of depressive symptoms (mediator/moderator) in the association between physical multimorbidity (exposure) and cognitive function (outcome) among older adults in the three most populous middle-income countries., Methods: This study used cross-sectional data from China (2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study), India (2017/2018 Longitudinal Ageing Study in India), and Indonesia (2014/2015 Indonesian Family Life Survey), with a total sample of 73,199 respondents aged ≥ 45 years. Three domains of cognitive tests were harmonised across surveys, including time orientation, word recall, and numeracy. The four-way decomposition analysis assessed the mediation and interaction effects between exposure, mediator/moderator, and outcome, adjusted for covariates., Results: The mean age of the respondents (in years) was slightly younger in Indonesia (56.0, SD = 8.8) than in China (59.5, SD = 9.3) and India (60.0, SD = 10.5). The proportion of male respondents was 49.3 % in China, 47.3 % in India, and 47.5 % in Indonesia. Respondents in China had the highest mean cognitive function z scores (54.7, SD = 19.9), followed by India (51.1, SD = 20.0) and Indonesia (51.0, SD = 18.4). Physical multimorbidity was associated with lower cognitive function in China and India (p < 0.0001), with 48.4 % and 40.0 % of the association explained by the mediating effect of depressive symptoms ('overall proportion due to mediation'). The association was not found in Indonesia., Conclusion: Cognitive functions were lower among individuals with physical multimorbidity, and depressive symptoms mainly explained the association. Addressing depressive symptoms among persons with physical multimorbidity is likely to have not only an impact on their mental health but could prevent cognitive decline., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Background: We examined joint trajectories of physical frailty and social frailty as well as their associations with adverse outcomes., Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study by using five waves of national data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2011-2020), involving 4531 participants aged ≥60 years. We identified 4-year trajectories at three examinations from 2011 to 2015 using parallel process latent class growth analysis. Adverse outcomes were obtained from 2015 to 2020 across two subsequent waves. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) using Cox proportional hazard models. We also conducted analyses by gender., Results: Three joint trajectories were identified, including persistent absence of physical and social frailty (58.5 %), no physical frailty but social frailty (28.1 %), and persistent combination of physical and social frailty (13.4 %). Compared with persistent absence of physical and social frailty, no physical frailty but social frailty and persistent combination of physical and social frailty were associated with higher risk of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability (HR = 1.182-2.020, 95 % CI: 1.014-2.416) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.440-2.486, 95 % CI: 1.211-3.009). The persistent combination of physical and social frailty was also associated with ADL disability (HR = 2.412, 95 % CI: 1.999-2.911) and falls (HR = 1.410, 95 % CI: 1.196-1.662). Gender differences were observed in relationships between joint trajectories and adverse outcomes., Conclusion: Community-dwelling older adults exhibit distinct joint trajectories and those with persistent combination of physical and social frailty experience greatest risk of incident adverse outcomes. Clinical and public health measures targeting physical or social frailty should account for both and be gender-specific., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Using dynamic game theory, this paper analyzes the interest relationship between government supervision departments, railway passenger transport enterprises and integrated service agents in the service management system of railway passenger transport enterprises in China. A tripartite dynamic game model of government supervision department, railway passenger transport enterprise and integrated service agent is established. Inverse induction algorithm is used to solve the game model, and the expected return equilibrium solution of government supervision department, railway passenger transport enterprise and integrated service agent is analyzed. The results show that the cost of railway passenger transport service management and the intensity of management are important factors affecting the implementation of service requirements by railway passenger transport enterprises and integrated service agents. Therefore, the government supervision department should reduce the management cost, design a reasonable reward and punishment mechanism, and improve the enthusiasm of railway passenger transport enterprises and integrated service agents to strengthen service management and improve service quality. Railway passenger transport enterprises and integrated service agents should actively strengthen service management, improve service quality, reduce management pressure and cost at the next level, and promote the healthy development of railway passenger transport market through a virtuous cycle between the three. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting energy transformation in rural areas, building a Rural Integrated Energy System, and developing multi-energy complementary and comprehensive utilization of rural energy in accordance with local conditions are important paths to support global low-carbon transformation and rural revitalization. However, how to consider the coupling synergy of multiple devices and plan the capacity of multiple devices in rural energy systems in an economical, low-carbon, and reliable manner is an urgent issue facing the development of Rural Integrated Energy System. This paper proposes a bi-level programming optimization method of Rural Integrated Energy System based on coupling coordination degree of energy equipment. Firstly, a multi-dimensional rural user energy utilization framework is designed that comprehensively considers agriculture, animal husbandry, industry, and lifestyle. Secondly, the bi-level optimization model of the Rural Integrated Energy System based on the coupling coordination degree of energy equipment is constructed. The upper-level planning model puts forward the equipment coupling coordination degree, and determines the equipment selection scheme for different types of Rural Integrated Energy System planning. The lower-level planning model considers economy, low carbon, and reliability, and uses the improved multi-objective Harris Hawk optimization algorithm to solve the capacity of different energy equipment in the Rural Integrated Energy System. Finally, the effectiveness and scientific nature of the model and method proposed in this paper are verified by the Integrated Energy Systems of a rural area in the north of China. In addition, by comparing the equipment selection scheme with the traditional method, it can be found that the optimization scheme in this paper that considers the coupling coordination of energy equipment reduces the annualized total cost by 29.34 %, reduces the annual carbon emissions by 60.43 %, and increases the reliability by 15.85 %. The collaborative planning of energy economy, low carbon energy and reliable energy has been realized. • A framework for the utilization of energy by multiple users in rural areas was designed. • A bi-level programming optimization method of RIES based on coupling coordination degree of energy equipment was proposed. • An improved multi-objective Harris Hawk optimization was constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electricity market-oriented reform and carbon emissions trading, as the main policies implemented in China's power sector, have a profound impact on China's green and low-carbon transition by promoting resource allocation efficiency and internalizing external environmental costs, respectively. Therefore, this paper constructed a dynamic recursive CGE model to measure the energy, economic, and environmental impacts of carbon emissions trading and electricity market-oriented reform from electricity market structure and pricing mechanism. The results show that the two policies have a synergistic effect on industrial structure optimization, energy consumption structure optimization, and carbon emission reduction. Specifically, the share of value-added of the tertiary sector, the growth rate of coal consumption, the share of thermal power consumption, and carbon emissions in 2030 are reduced by 5.70 %, 18.29 %, 2.55 %, and 2.838 trillion tons, respectively, compared with the scenario without carbon emissions trading and electricity market-oriented reform. However, imperfectly competitive market structures outperform perfectly competitive market structures in energy consumption structure and carbon emission reduction. Electricity price regulation is also more beneficial to GDP growth and increase in residential disposable income compared to price liberalization. To this end, returning emission trading scheme revenues to residents can effectively mitigate the adverse impacts caused by market-oriented reforms. • EMR is involved in market structure, pricing mechanisms, and market regulation. • EMR and CET have a synergistic effect on carbon reduction. • Energy consumption structure is better in imperfectly competitive market. • Electricity price regulation is more beneficial to GDP growth. • Returning ETS revenue to residents increases per capita disposable income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Social interaction in comment sections has become a key factor for backers' decision making in crowdfunding platforms. However, current research on the two-way social interaction in crowdfunding is insufficient, and there exist inconsistent conclusions. This study focuses on the social interaction between creators and backers and explores its influence on the successful exit of crowdfunding projects. Design/methodology/approach: The extended Cox model is used for the empirical analysis of 1,988 crowdfunding projects on the Modian (www.modian.com) platform, a crowdfunding platform for cultural and creative projects in China. The two-way social interaction is reflected in comment quantity and sentiment, as well as reply rate. Findings: Results reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between comment quantity/sentiment and the successful exit of crowdfunding projects. This relationship is strengthened by high reply rate. Originality/value: This study focuses on comment quantity and sentiment. The inverted U-shaped results reconcile previous conclusions. Replies from creators are regarded as a separate factor, and their moderating role is explained. The study research proves the importance of social interaction in crowdfunding platforms and provides suggestions for backers, creators and platform managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate whether social media use (SMU) at work has a curvilinear effect on job performance and whether Cyberloafing (non-work-related use) and job complexity moderate this effect. Design/methodology/approach: Online surveys were conducted in China among WeChat users from multiple organizations working in the office environment, generating 350 valid responses. Findings: The results revealed that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between SMU at work and job performance through mediations of communication, information sharing and entertainment; such that the relationship is initially positive but becomes weaker as SMU increases and exceeds the optimal level. Notably, it is found that Cyberloafing negatively moderates the relationship between SMU and job performance, and there is a significant joint moderating effect of job complexity and Cyberloafing. Practical implications: This study improves the research of information system use. It also provides implications for organizations concerned about formulating policies related to individuals' SMU and suggests that SM users and managers should find strategies to arrive at without surpassing the optimal level to maximize productivity. Originality/value: This paper enriches the job demands-resources model to extend the literature on the advantages and disadvantages of SMU at work, which indirectly affect performance through two job conditions (job resources and demands). The study finds that employees benefit from a moderate amount of SMU at work, once it surpasses the optimal level, job demands surpass job resources and counterproductivity will appear. In addition, Cyberloafing and job complexity moderate the optimal level of SMU at work, which have not yet been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]