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Aim: If not conducted correctly, nursing handover can threaten patient safety, and so nursing students require good handover education. This study evaluated a handover education programme based on situated learning theory in a clinical practicum. Methods: A quasi‐experimental design and convenience sampling technique were used. The participants (fourth‐grade nursing students recruited from a college in the C province of South Korea) were assigned to an intervention group (n = 38) or a control group (n = 39). A handover education programme that included lectures, expert observations, role playing, peer learning and reflection was received by the intervention group. The control group attended lectures and observed handovers. The handover skills of all participants were tested 2 weeks before and on the last day of the clinical practicum. Handover performance ability, handover clinical judgement ability and handover self‐efficacy were outcome variables. Results: Significant improvements in handover performance ability, handover clinical judgement ability and handover self‐efficacy were observed in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusion: The significance of this study lies in the development and application of a programme based on situated learning theory for handover education. Application of theory‐based handover education in clinical practicums is recommended to improve the handover capabilities of nursing students. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Nursing handover is considered very important for optimizing nursing performance and securing the continuity and safety of patient care.Nurse educators must develop and validate educational strategies to resolve handover deficiencies among nursing students. What this paper adds? The self‐evaluation of handover performance ability, handover clinical judgement ability and handover self‐efficacy were better in nursing students who received handover education based on situated learning theory than in the control group. The implications of this paper: Theory‐based handover education applied in a clinical practicum context can allow nursing students to improve relevant capabilities prior to graduating as a clinical nurse.Situated learning theory provides a theoretical basis upon which to support practical handover learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supporting early-stage nurses to adapt to the field and become proficient in nursing is important to improve the quality of patient care. This study aimed to determine the effects of the nursing work environment, nursing practice readiness, and optimism on the field adaptation of early-stage nurses. A descriptive survey was conducted among 209 early-stage nurses with ≤3 years of work experience at hospitals. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and regression analysis with the SPSS Program. The participating nurses' mean field adaptation score was 2.90 ± 0.40 (total score = 5) and a significant positive correlation was found between nursing work environment (r = 0.61, p < 0.001), nursing practice readiness (r = 0.41, p < 0.001), and optimism (r = 0.26, p < 0.001). The regression analysis revealed that the nursing work environment (β = 0.38, p < 0.001), job satisfaction (β = 0.33, p < 0.001), nursing practice readiness (β = 0.24, p < 0.001), and turnover intention (β = 0.17, p = 0.001) significantly affect the field adaptation of early stage nurses; the explanatory power was 56.1% (F = 27.55, p < 0.001). The results suggest that to facilitate the field adaptation of early-stage nurses, the nursing work environment, job satisfaction, and nursing practice readiness should be improved. Improvement in the nursing work environment and the development of additional training for field adaptation would enhance the ability of early-stage nurses to adapt to the field and, consequently, improve the quality of nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary What is known on the subject? Despite the increased interest in nursing students' happiness in South Korea, few studies have attempted to identify factors influencing their happiness. Therefore, nursing educators should consistently investigate the factors influencing happiness and develop strategies to improve happiness among Korean nursing students., What this paper adds to existing knowledge? This study confirmed that there were positive correlations between grateful disposition, social support and happiness. In addition, grateful disposition and support from intimate people were identified as predictors of happiness in Korean nursing students., What are the implications for practice? Development of intervention programmes to help nursing students increase grateful disposition and support from intimate people may be helpful for improving happiness. These programmes can include activity, such as writing a gratitude journal, and extracurricular programmes, such as mentoring programmes between seniors and juniors and/or professor and student., Abstract Introduction Happiness is very important in the training and development of nursing students as future nurses. However, nursing students experience a high level of stress and low level of happiness in South Korea. Aim This study aimed to investigate factors that affect happiness among nursing students in South Korea. Method Data were collected from a total of 241 nursing enrolled in two 4-year baccalaureate nursing programmes in South Korea, using a self-administrated questionnaire. To identify predictors of happiness, stepwise regression analysis was conducted. Results The results indicated that grateful disposition and support from intimate people significantly predict happiness among Korean nursing students. These two factors accounted for 38.0% of the variance in happiness. Discussion This study indicated grateful disposition and support from intimate people as factors promoting happiness in nursing students. The findings highlight grateful disposition and support from intimate people as important factors when developing effective interventions that foster nursing students' happiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To examine the effects of a web-based nursing process documentation system on the stress and anxiety of nursing students during their clinical practice. Methods A quasi-experimental design was employed. The experimental group ( n = 110) used a web-based nursing process documentation program for their case reports as part of assignments for a clinical practicum, whereas the control group ( n = 106) used traditional paper-based case reports. Stress and anxiety levels were measured with a numeric rating scale before, 2 weeks after, and 4 weeks after using the web-based nursing process documentation program during a clinical practicum. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t tests, chi-square tests, and repeated-measures analyses of variance. Results Nursing students who used the web-based nursing process documentation program showed significant lower levels of stress and anxiety than the control group. Conclusion A web-based nursing process documentation program could be used to reduce the stress and anxiety of nursing students during clinical practicum, which ultimately would benefit nursing students by increasing satisfaction with and effectiveness of clinical practicum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This descriptive, exploratory, correlational analysis investigated patients with type 2 diabetes and their diabetes knowledge, depression, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, and social support and sought to determine the effects of these factors on psychological insulin resistance among type 2 diabetes patients in South Korea. Methods: This descriptive cross‐sectional study included 136 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited an endocrinology clinic. A structured questionnaire and electronic medical records were used to collect data regarding demographic and disease‐related characteristics as well as scores on the Diabetes Knowledge Tests, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Diabetes Management Self‐efficacy Scale, Social Support Scale, and Psychological Insulin Resistance Scale, between September and December 2017. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐tests, a one‐way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The total score for psychological insulin resistance was 60.92 ± 14.75 of a maximum of 90. Stepwise multiple regression showed that diabetes knowledge, diabetes‐management self‐efficacy, social support, absence of diabetes complications, and depression explained 38.6% of the variance in psychological insulin resistance. Conclusion: Diabetes knowledge was found to have the largest influence on psychological insulin resistance, followed by social support, absence of complications, depression, and diabetes‐management self‐efficacy. Development of interventions that consider all these factors is required, and the effects of such interventions should be tested through further research. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Patients with diabetes in Korea have been reported to have relatively high levels of psychological resistance to insulin therapy compared with their counterparts in the West.Previous studies on factors associated with psychological insulin resistance have considered only a limited number of factors and have simply analysed the association between these factors. The full range of disease‐related factors that can affect psychological insulin resistance has not been considered.Research on the psychological insulin resistance of patients with type 2 diabetes, and the factors that affect it, is currently lacking in Korea. What this paper adds? The level of psychological insulin resistance of Korean patients with type 2 diabetes was found to be higher than that of patients from other countries.Diabetes knowledge was found to have the most significant influence on the psychological insulin resistance in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes, followed by social support, absence of diabetes complications, depression, and diabetes‐management self‐efficacy. The implications of this paper: Levels of psychological insulin resistance among patients with type 2 diabetes should be monitored, and nursing education programs should be developed that are tailored to patients' level of psychological insulin resistance.Diabetes knowledge, social support, diabetes complications, depression, and diabetes‐management self‐efficacy should be systematically monitored to reduce the level of psychological insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Development of detailed interventions that consider these factors may be helpful, and their effectiveness should be tested through further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with diabetes must have self-efficacy to perform necessary self-care tasks. Self-efficacy has been considered as one of the primary motivators on diabetes self-care; therefore, it is essential for health care professionals to assess the self-efficacy of patients with diabetes to provide optimal care. Despite older Korean immigrants having greater difficulty in diabetes management, research on self-efficacy for them is lacking. This study aims to examine the psychometric property of the General Self-Efficacy scale Korean version for older Korean immigrants with diabetes in the United States. In this cross-sectional, methodological study, data were collected using convenience sampling. Cronbach's alpha, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to examine the psychometric properties. Cronbach's alpha for the entire GSE scale Korean version is 0.81. The initial Eigenvalues show two factors, coping and confidence; however, the confirmatory factor analysis showed reasonable goodness of fit to the data (χ2(35) = 86.24, p < 0.01), χ2/df ratio = 2.46, AGFI = 0.87, GFI = 0.91, IFI = 0.90, ECVI = 0.74, CFI = 0.89, and RMSEA = 0.093 in the one-factor model. The General Self-Efficacy scale Korean version demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. It can be used to investigate self-efficacy and to devise culturally tailored diabetes interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors influencing the health-related quality of life of elderly men in partial medically underserved rural areas. Methods: The subjects included 182 elderly men aged 65 or older living in the jurisdictions of the Health Care Centers in Gyeryong-, Iin-, and Jeongan-myeon, which were medically underserved rural areas in Gongju city, South Korea. Data were collected on October 13 to November 1, 2020, and were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical linear regression. Results: The subjects’ scored mean 24.20±3.29 points out of 30 in cognitive functions and mean 17.08±9.40 out of 60 in social support. The influential factors included three chronic diseases (β=-.50, p<.001), two chronic diseases (β=-.30, p<.001), one chronic disease (β=-.21, p=.012); fair subjective health status (β=.24, p<.001); good subjective health status (β=.25, p<.001); cognitive functions (β=.17, p=.004); aged 80 or older (β=-.16, p=.006); and brushing teeth three times per day or more (β=.14, p=.009) with an explanatory power of 53.8%. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop chronic disease management and cognitive function enhancement programs to identify factors influencing the health-related quality of life of elderly men in partial medically underserved rural areas and thus improve their health-related quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model that can identify the suicidal ideation risk group among older adults in rural areas using machine learning methods. Design: This study applied an exploratory, descriptive and cross‐sectional design. Methods: The participants were older adults (N = 650) aged over 65 living in rural areas of South Korea. Self‐report questionnaires were used to collect the demographics, suicidal ideation, depression, socioeconomic information and basic health information from September to October 2020. The collected data were analysed using machine learning methods with R statistical software 4.1.0. Results: The predictive models indicated that depression, pain, age and loneliness were significant factors of suicidal ideation. Good performance was observed based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in the decision tree, random forest and logistic regression. Finally, the evaluation of model performance indicated moderate to high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: The predictive models using machine learning methods may be useful to predict the risk of suicidal ideation. Furthermore, depression with pain, age and feelings of loneliness should be included in the initial screening to assess suicide risk among older adults in rural areas. Impact Identifying suicidal risk among older adults is challenging. Thus, employing predictive models that can assess depression, pain, age and loneliness can enable public healthcare providers to detect suicidal risk groups. Particularly, the presented models from this study can facilitate healthcare providers with initiating early interventions to prevent suicide among older adults in clinical and community nursing care settings. Reporting Method: The reporting of this study (Observational, cross‐sectional study) conforms to the STROBE statement. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. This study did not involve patients, service users, caregivers or members of the public. Implication for the Profession and/or Patients Care: Applying this model may help to prevent geriatric suicide because the nursing staff will have a greater awareness regarding the suicide ideation risk of older adults, thereby reducing the possibility of their suicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) is highly integrated with the modern health care system of South Korea and is actively used in the public health field. Since 2014, the Ministry of Health and Welfare of South Korea has supported the development of standard models for TKM-based health promotion programs. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a standard TKM-based health promotion program for disadvantaged children. Methods: Using convenience sampling, we recruited 16 Community Children's Centers (CCCs) located in Busan and Yangsan, South Korea, which are welfare daytime facilities for children from socially disadvantaged families. The CCCs were divided into two groups of eight CCCs—intervention CCCs and control CCCs—through random allocation, and children in each group were selected as subjects for the study. For 12 weeks, the TKM-based health promotion program developed in this study along with the basic services of CCCs were applied to children in the intervention group, and only the basic services of CCCs were provided to children in the control group. Data were obtained through pre- and post-surveys with the legal representatives of the children prior to implementing the program and after the 12-week program, respectively. The outcome variables—the number of outpatient visits, absences, lateness/early leaves, infectious symptoms, and EuroQol-5D and EQ-visual analog scale scores–were measured and statistically compared between the groups by descriptive analysis, chi-square test, t-test, and difference-in-differences model with regression analysis. Results: At baseline, there were 156 children in the intervention group and 153 children in the control group, among which 155 and 147 children, respectively, were included in the analysis. Results indicated that the number of outpatient visits was significantly lower (by 65%) in the intervention group than in the control group (p = 0.03), and this was similar in the sensitivity analysis. Regarding other outcome variables, the effects were not consistently significant. Conclusions: A standard TKM-based health promotion program has the potential to improve the health of disadvantaged children. In the future, studies with long-term interventions and a larger sample are needed to enhance the applicability of these programs in communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives: To understand hospice palliative care nurses' (HPCNs) perceptions towards spiritual care and their competence to provide spiritual care. Background: Previous research has shown that many nurses lack a clear understanding of the concept of spirituality and feel inadequately prepared to assess patients' spiritual needs. Studies on competence in spiritual care are mostly descriptive, and the evidence for improving it is limited. Design: A mixed‐methods research design was used. Methods: Quantitative data were collected from 282 nurses in forty hospice palliative care (HPC) institutions in South Korea and analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐test, one‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni test and multiple regression. Qualitative data collection involved two stages: first, an open‐ended question posed to 282 nurses, and second, focus group interviews conducted with six HPC experts. Both qualitative data sets were analysed separately using content analysis. This study followed the GRAMMS guidelines. Results: Of the six dimensions of spiritual care competence (SCC), the mean scores were highest in 'attitude towards the patient's spirituality' and 'communication', whereas the 'assessment and implementation of spiritual care' and 'professionalisation and improving the quality of spiritual care' had the lowest mean scores. Through content analysis, 4 themes regarding the meaning of spiritual care, 3 themes regarding requirements for spiritual care and 2 themes regarding preparedness for spiritual care were revealed. They perceived the needs of the understanding of spiritual care based on the attributes of spirituality, the education in systematic assessments and implementation for spiritual care with standardised terminology, and the opportunity to reflect on nurses' own spirituality. Conclusions: Practical SCC training for HPCNs and the subsequent development of clinical practice guidelines are of vital importance. Relevance to clinical practice: The results of this study provide a useful resource to develop educational programmes for strengthening the SCC of nurses and the entire HPC team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To compare two health literacy measurements' ability to assess older adults' medication adherence by using the Korean Health Literacy Screening Questions (KHLSQ) and the Modified Korean Functional Health Literacy Test (M‐KFHLT), and to identify an appropriate health literacy measurement. Background: Lower health literacy has been associated with poorer medication adherence. Thus, health professionals should evaluate the available health literacy assessment instruments they are using and choose an appropriate instrument to assess health literacy to increase older adults' medication adherence. Design: Following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist, a descriptive, cross‐sectional study was conducted. Methods: From November 2017–May 2018, 116 community‐dwelling older adults were recruited in South Korea. Questionnaires were completed during a face‐to‐face interview with each participant in a private room; health literacy was assessed using the KHLSQ and the M‐KFHLT and medication adherence using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Results: Health literacy assessed using the KHLSQ was found to be a predictor of medication adherence, but was not a predictor when measured by the M‐KFHLT. Having low income, multiple chronic diseases and vision problems were also significant factors related to medication adherence. Conclusions: This study suggests that health literacy was negatively associated with medication adherence. Furthermore, KHLSQ is an appropriate tool for healthcare providers to use when assessing health literacy to predict older adults' medication adherence. Relevance to clinical practice: This finding indicated that healthcare providers should select an appropriate health literacy measurement that suits their purposes and the population they serve, particularly for older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To examine the level of self‐care behaviours among patients with diabetic foot ulcers and identify factors related to their self‐care behaviours. Background: This study focused on the self‐care behaviours of patients diagnosed with diabetic foot ulcers, a complication of diabetes. Design: A cross‐sectional study design was adopted. Methods: From July–August 2018, 131 outpatients and inpatients with diabetic foot ulcers were given a survey questionnaire regarding self‐care behaviours and expected related factors at two Korean hospitals. In this study, self‐care behaviours were diabetes management and diabetic foot care. Demographic, disease‐related and laboratory characteristics were collected. The data were analysed in terms of descriptive statistics, a t test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. STROBE checklist was used as the guideline for this study. Results: Moderate levels of self‐care behaviours were found. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that diabetes management was significantly related to perceived family support, experience of diabetic education, perceived stress, a problem‐focused coping style, experience of hospitalisation and comorbidity. Furthermore, diabetic foot care was significantly associated with the experience of diabetic education, perceived family support, and serum level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and haemoglobin A1C. Conclusions: Perceived family support was the main factor affecting diabetes management, and diabetic foot care was greatly affected by the experience of diabetic education. It is necessary to develop diabetes education programmes and nursing interventions to increase family support to improve the self‐care behaviours of patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Relevance to clinical practice: Self‐care behaviours among patients with diabetic foot ulcers are important, as they affect healing of the wound and the quality of life. Further development of family‐based diabetes education or programmes is recommended to promote the self‐care behaviours of patients with diabetic foot ulcers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To identify Zika virus‐related knowledge, attitudes to Zika virus and health motivations of pregnant women, women preparing for pregnancy and their partners, and to identify factors that influence preventive health behaviours for Zika virus infection. Background: Prevention of Zika virus infection is becoming a major worldwide public health effort. The high‐risk group for Zika virus infection comprises women who are pregnant or preparing for pregnancy. Few studies have addressed preventive health behaviours for Zika virus infection by gender. Design: This study was a descriptive cross‐sectional survey. Methods: Participants (112 males and 147 females) were selected by convenience sampling from three obstetric clinics located in South Korea. Women and their partners who visited obstetric clinics during pregnancy or preparing for pregnancy were included as subjects. Results: Factors associated with preventive health behaviours for Zika virus were checking infection status of Zika virus on destinations when planning a trip and attitudes to Zika virus in males and age, educational level, intention to travel to Zika virus endemic countries, attitudes to Zika virus and health motivation in females. Conclusions: Factors that influence preventive health behaviours for Zika virus were different by gender. However, attitudes to Zika virus were influential to both genders. Gender differences should be considered in development of health policies to improve preventive health behaviours for Zika virus. Younger and less educated women are to be targeted, and health management programmes should be developed to promote health motivation. Relevance to clinical practice: Pregnant women, women preparing for pregnancy and their partners need education and public health promotion to improve self‐management during travel to places where Zika virus is endemic. Health policies and health management programmes considering age and educational background should be developed to promote health motivation in women of childbearing age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The main goal of nursing profession is to provide people's health that cannot be achieved only through the use of scientific methods, and it is essential to pay special attention to spirituality and ethics for its attainment. The current study aimed at determining the effect of spirituality training on the moral sensitivity of nursing students. Methods: The current quasi-experimental study was conducted on 70 nursing students of the fourth and higher semesters (35 in each group) from Iran University of Medical Sciences selected by stratified sampling proportion to size method. Pre-test was administered to both groups; then the intervention group attended six training sessions, once a week each for one hour, and the post-test was administered to the two groups one month after the end of the intervention. Data were collected by demographic characteristics and the Korean Version of the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (K-MSQ), and analyzed by descriptive statistics including frequency distribution, mean and standard d deviation, and inferential statistics including Chi-square, Fisher test, t-test, paired t-test and analysis of covariance using SPSS V. 22. Results: The study results showed a significant difference between the moral sensitivity score of the intervention group before (4.07±0.53) and after (6.36±0.18) training (P<0.001). Conclusion: The obtained results indicated that the moral sensitivity score of nursing students increased after spirituality training. Due to the fact that nursing students are responsible for providing nursing services in their future careers, placing these concepts in their curriculum as a course unit or along with other courses, especially Islamic ethics and Islamic thought is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In South Korea, approximately 40% of older adults are reported to have low health literacy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between health literacy and patient participation among Korean older adults with heart failure. Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 145 Korean patients at one prominent medical center in South Korea. The Korean Health Literacy Scale short form and the 13-item Perceived Involvement in Care Scale were administered between June and September, 2016. Results: Among participants (mean age = 71.30 years; 26.9% female), approximately 30% had poor health literacy. A significant correlation was observed between health literacy and participation scores (r = .538, p < .01). Health literacy was the most important predictor of patient participation (β = .488, p < .001). Discussion: The results imply that effective knowledge acquisition may encourage greater patient participation. By identifying health literacy in Korean older adults, we can provide more culturally congruent health care by improving participation between providers and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study was conducted in order to examine the intention of mothers to vaccinate their teenaged children against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, according to the children's sex. Based on the theory of planned behavior, the study identified the sex-specific predictors of mothers' intention to vaccinate their teenaged children against HPV. Methods: This was a descriptive survey study that included, as participants, 200 mothers whose teenaged children were not vaccinated against HPV. Results: The mothers' experience with HPV vaccination was a significant predictor of their childrens' HPV vaccination status. For the mothers of sons, subjective norms, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control were found to be significant predictors of intention of HPV vaccination, with an explanatory power of 69.5%. For those with daughters, only attitudes and subjective norms were significant predictors, with an explanatory power of 79.6%. Conclusion: The application of the theory of planned behavior is an effective method to determine the predictors of children's HPV vaccination status. In order to improve the HPV vaccination rate of teenaged children, strategies for education and effective promotion that involve mothers should be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Ineffective communication of critical care nurses can lead to higher levels of burnout and negatively affect quality of patient care and patient outcomes such as higher mortality. Aim The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between professional communication competences and nursing performance of critical care nurses in South Korea. Method This cross-sectional study collected data on 197 intensive care unit staff nurses in 3 tertiary academic medical centres in South Korea from July to November 2014. Results In the hierarchical regression analysis, the professional communication competences were the only significant predictors of nursing performance after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. In addition, the greater professional communication competences of nurses were associated with being older and having a higher education level, more years of overall clinical and intensive care unit experience, and a higher monthly salary. Conclusion Our findings indicate that communication skills-related training should be included in the practical education to improve nursing performance for the quality of intensive care. Further research is needed to identify the comprehensive factors on professional communication competences of nurses in intensive care units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives This study aimed to identify factors influencing beliefs about intimate partner violence among Korean adults. Design and Sample This is a cross-sectional descriptive study that analyzed data from 466 adults. Measures Beliefs about intimate partner violence were measured using a self-report questionnaire with a total of 28 items consisting of four subscales: perpetrator's justification for beating women, blaming women for violence against them, perpetrator's responsibility for violence, and giving help to victims. Results Men and women had significantly different beliefs about intimate partner violence ( t = −7.19, p < .001). Some characteristics were identified that led to unhealthy beliefs about intimate partner violence. Four variables-gender, age, educational level, and witnessing parental violence-had an explanatory power of 20% with regard to beliefs about IPV ( F = 10.50, p = .000). Conclusions In South Korea, men, older individuals, and those with less formal education or who have witnessed parental violence need education to foster healthier beliefs about intimate partner violence. Nurses can play a vital role in efforts to decrease intimate partner violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim This study was aimed to develop and test the Pro-environmental Behavior Scale for Women's Health. Background Women adopt sustainable behaviours and alter their life styles to protect the environment and their health from environmental pollution. The conceptual framework of pro-environmental behaviours was based on Rogers' protection motivation theory and Weinstein's precaution adoption process model. Design The cross-sectional design was used for instrument development. Method The instrument development process consisted of a literature review, personal depth interviews and focus group interviews. The sample comprised 356 adult women recruited in April-May 2012 in South Korea using quota sampling. For construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine the factor structure, after which convergent and discriminant validity and known-group comparisons were tested. Results Principal component analysis yielded 17 items with four factors, including 'women's health protection,' 'chemical exposure prevention,' 'alternative consumption,' and 'community-oriented behaviour'. The Cronbach's α was 0·81. Convergent and discriminant validity were supported by performing correlations with other environmental-health and health-behaviour measures. Conclusion Nursing professionals can reliably use the instrument to assess women's behaviours, which protect their health and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop an educational program to promote healthy life behaviors and to evaluate its potential effects on the health practices of fifth grade elementary school children. Methods: The program, which consisted of six categories (daily life and health, disease prevention and management, prevention of drug misuse and overuse, sexuality and health, mental health, and injury prevention and first aid), was developed based on the ADDIE model. A pretest–post‐test, one‐group, quasi‐experimental design was used with 85 elementary school students who voluntarily participated in the program. Results: A school‐based educational program, called the “Six Kid Keys,” referring to the six categories of healthy life behaviors, was developed. Significant pre–post differences in two of the six healthy life behavior categories (disease prevention and management, injury prevention and first aid) were found. Conclusion: A school‐based intervention that was aimed at changing habits related to healthy life behaviors could be effective for elementary school children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was performed to identify the factors influencing gender differences in sleep quality between men and women. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a convenience sample of 300 young adults from three Korean universities. Participants were 20–40 years of age, used smartphones, and took no sleep medication. Participants completed questionnaires on sleep quality, exercise, stress, depression, and smart phone addiction. The predictors of sleep quality in men were coffee consumption, napping, depression, failure to engage in light exercise at least three times per week, being overweight, being in the potential smart phone addiction group, and being employed, which explained 30.2% of the variance. The predictors of sleep quality in women were education to college level or higher, smoking, and stress, which explained 30.5% of the variance. To improve sleep quality in this population, future intervention should contain life style modification strategies containing smartphone addiction prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose: To identify Korean nursing students’ level of intent to migrate and the factors influencing their intention to migrate. Method: Using a cross-sectional correlational design, data were collected from 886 nursing students in two nursing schools. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and hierarchical multiple regressions with SPSS version 18. Results: Nursing students had moderate levels of intent to migrate. Variables that were independently associated with intention to migrate were class year and having previously considered the possibility of overseas employment on admission to nursing school. The full model accounted for 45.1% of the variance in intention to migrate. Conclusion: The most significant predictor of intent to migrate by nursing students was the possibility of overseas employment on admission to nursing school. To more positively manage the intent to migrate, appropriate strategies to enhance the nursing work environment should be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nursing handoffs are communicative routines in most nursing units. The handoff is critical to the continuity and safety of patient care. Negative perceptions of handoffs could hinder efficient communication between nurses. Aims: This study identified the perceptions of nurses' handoffs in Korea. Design: A descriptive survey was employed. The population included nurses who worked in a general ward in 201 hospitals with more than 300 beds. Results: 27.9% responded that the current handoff method needed to be changed and 75.8% had no handoff-related guideline. "Handoffs are frequently interrupted by outsiders' visits" was the most frequent problem expressed. Variables associated with a perceived need for change in handoff methods were age, handoff method, and preparation time for handoffs. Conclusion: Nurses recognized that handoffs were frequently interrupted by external factors and consumed too much time. Therefore, a standardized handoff method is needed to ensure the accuracy of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Of elders with mild cognitive impairment, around half recover their cognitive function at some point in time. However, very little is known about the factors that influence their cognitive change towards recovery. Aim This study evaluated the role of depression, instrumental activity of daily living and sleep quality as they affect cognition recovery among community-dwelling elders. Methods The study follows a longitudinal comparative research design using secondary data analysis. Community-dwelling elders with mild cognitive impairment were assessed twice with a 1-year interval to assess their levels of cognition. Adult participants were drawn from those who visited a community health centre, were aged 65 or over and who were assessed as having MCI. Results Those with mild cognitive impairment when compared with the normal cognition group were more likely to be younger, have more education, living with their spouses and had better cognitive function at baseline assessment than other participants. Predictors for cognitive recovery among elders with mild cognitive impairment were age, depression and cognitive function at baseline assessment. Limitations Participants included only those who visit a community health centre in an urban area of Korea, so the findings may not be applicable to other elders with less mobility or who live in rural areas. Implications for nursing and health policy With the understanding that cognitive function and depression predict the recovery of mild cognitive function, nurses might be able to identify and target those older adults who are likely to achieve recovery of cognitive function. Additionally, health policy options, as suggested by the study as having the potential to improve mild cognitive impairment recovery, could include public education strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

yi m. & park e.y. (2011) Effects of breast health education conducted by trained breast cancer survivors. Journal of Advanced Nursing 68(5), 1100-1110. Abstract Aims. This article is a report on a study of the effectiveness of breast health education provided by trained breast cancer survivors on knowledge, skills, performance and self-efficacy. Background. Numerous studies have been performed to assess the effects of breast health education provided by health professionals, but few studies have examined the effects of education provided by lay persons, such as breast cancer survivors. This study focused on the role of breast cancer survivors as breast health educators. Methods. A pretest and post-test quasi-experimental design was used. Trained breast cancer survivors conducted a 60-minute breast health class that was guided by self-efficacy theory to young healthy women. The data were collected in 2008 from 22 young healthy women who participated in the class. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure the breast cancer and breast self-examinations knowledge, skills, performance and self-efficacy at pre-education, and at 1 month and 3 months post-education. Results. The scores on knowledge, skills, performance and self-efficacy before breast health education were significantly increased after 1 month and 3 months post-education. Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrate that a one-time breast health class provided by trained breast cancer survivors can be useful in motivating young women to adopt behaviours that help to prevent breast cancer morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]