18,015 results
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2. Detection of Ovarian Cancer Using Improved Deep Learning Model
- Author
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Mustafa, Mohammed Ahmed, Allami, Zainab Failh, Arabi, Mohammed Yousif, Abdulhasan, Maki Mahdi, Ghadir, Ghadir Kamil, Al-Tmimi, Hayder Musaad, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Botto-Tobar, Miguel, editor, Zambrano Vizuete, Marcelo, editor, Montes León, Sergio, editor, Torres-Carrión, Pablo, editor, and Durakovic, Benjamin, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Hybrid Residual Network and XGBoost Method for the Accurate Diagnosis of Lung Cancer
- Author
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Mustafa, Mohammed Ahmed, Adel, Abual-hassan, Abdulhasan, Maki Mahdi, Alassedi, Zainab, Ghadir, Ghadir Kamil, Al-Tmimi, Hayder Musaad, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Botto-Tobar, Miguel, editor, Zambrano Vizuete, Marcelo, editor, Montes León, Sergio, editor, Torres-Carrión, Pablo, editor, and Durakovic, Benjamin, editor
- Published
- 2024
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4. Paper terahertz wave plates.
- Author
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Scherger B, Scheller M, Vieweg N, Cundiff ST, and Koch M
- Subjects
- Computer Simulation, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Light, Scattering, Radiation, Terahertz Radiation, Computer-Aided Design, Models, Theoretical, Optical Devices, Paper, Refractometry instrumentation
- Abstract
We present a low-cost terahertz wave plate based on form birefringence fabricated using ordinary paper. Measurements of the transfer function of the wave plate between polarizers closely agree with predictions based on the measured complex indices of refraction of the effective medium. For the design frequency, the dependence on wave plate angle also agrees with theory.
- Published
- 2011
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5. Intent Detection for Virtual Reality Architectural Design
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Guillaume, Romain, Pailhès, Jérôme, Gruhier, Elise, Laville, Xavier, Baudin, Yvan, Lou, Ruding, Rannenberg, Kai, Editor-in-Chief, Soares Barbosa, Luís, Editorial Board Member, Goedicke, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Tatnall, Arthur, Editorial Board Member, Neuhold, Erich J., Editorial Board Member, Stiller, Burkhard, Editorial Board Member, Tröltzsch, Fredi, Editorial Board Member, Pries-Heje, Jan, Editorial Board Member, Kreps, David, Editorial Board Member, Reis, Ricardo, Editorial Board Member, Furnell, Steven, Editorial Board Member, Mercier-Laurent, Eunika, Editorial Board Member, Winckler, Marco, Editorial Board Member, Malaka, Rainer, Editorial Board Member, Noël, Frédéric, editor, Nyffenegger, Felix, editor, Rivest, Louis, editor, and Bouras, Abdelaziz, editor
- Published
- 2023
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6. Developing Ergonomic Design Recommendations Using Human-Centric RAMSIS Analysis
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Breese, Jonathan T., Fuhrmann, Adam M., Duffy, Vincent G., Luebke, Andre, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Duffy, Vincent G., editor, and Rau, Pei-Luen Patrick, editor
- Published
- 2022
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7. Call for Papers: GRC, CADD, and statistics, and all that.
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Nicholls A
- Subjects
- Congresses as Topic, Humans, Statistics as Topic, Computer-Aided Design statistics & numerical data, Drug Design
- Abstract
Molecular modeling and the art of computer-aided drug discovery seldom make much use of statistics, despite being fields that can not calculate important properties with great reliability. The 2013 CADD Gordon conference intends to examine what prevents a more effective use of statistics in routine modeling and to raise consciousness as to what is possible. Practical methods will be discussed, deeper issues in applying standard approaches addressed and research on successes and failures in other disciplines presented by invited experts.
- Published
- 2012
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8. Edges in CNC polishing: from mirror-segments towards semiconductors, paper 1: edges on processing the global surface.
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Walker D, Yu G, Li H, Messelink W, Evans R, and Beaucamp A
- Subjects
- Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Astronomy instrumentation, Computer-Aided Design, Lenses
- Abstract
Segment-edges for extremely large telescopes are critical for observations requiring high contrast and SNR, e.g. detecting exo-planets. In parallel, industrial requirements for edge-control are emerging in several applications. This paper reports on a new approach, where edges are controlled throughout polishing of the entire surface of a part, which has been pre-machined to its final external dimensions. The method deploys compliant bonnets delivering influence functions of variable diameter, complemented by small pitch tools sized to accommodate aspheric mis-fit. We describe results on witness hexagons in preparation for full size prototype segments for the European Extremely Large Telescope, and comment on wider applications of the technology.
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- 2012
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9. Using computer-aided design paper model for mandibular reconstruction: a preliminary report.
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Wang TH, Tseng CS, Hsieh CY, Ma H, Shen BH, Perng CK, and Tiu CM
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- Adult, Aged, Computer Simulation, Dental Prosthesis Design instrumentation, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Male, Mandibular Neoplasms surgery, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Process Assessment, Health Care, Surgical Flaps, Computer-Aided Design, Dental Prosthesis Design methods, Fibula transplantation, Mandibular Neoplasms rehabilitation, Models, Dental, Osteotomy methods
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- 2009
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10. Comments on paper: "Hybrid test bench for evaluation of any device related to mechanical cardiac assistance".
- Author
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Ferrari G
- Subjects
- Computer Simulation, Humans, Computer-Aided Design, Equipment Design methods, Equipment Failure Analysis methods, Heart physiopathology, Heart, Artificial, Models, Cardiovascular
- Published
- 2005
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11. Integration of the biorefinery concept for the development of sustainable processes for pulp and paper industry.
- Author
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Mongkhonsiri, Ghochapon, Gani, Rafiqul, Malakul, Pomthong, and Assabumrungrat, Suttichai
- Subjects
- *
SUSTAINABLE development , *PAPER industry , *LIGNOCELLULOSE , *BIOMASS , *COMPUTER-aided design - Abstract
Highlights • Superstructure of integrated biorefinery in pulp and paper industry was developed. • It includes pulping, biochemical production and black liquor utilization sections. • Lignocellulosic biomass extracted from eucalyptus and bagasse are the feedstocks. • Potential of integrated biorefinery process was illustrated in three scenarios. • Integrated succinic acid and lactic acid can improve profitability. Abstract This work aims at developing sustainable processes for pulp and paper industry by integration of the biorefinery concept to an existing pulp and paper process. A systematic methodology employing a superstructure-based process synthesis approach is employed with support from computer-aided tools to determine potential pathways for a long-term sustainable growth objective. A superstructure of the multi-product biorefinery process network for the pulp and paper industry is developed. It is divided into three sub-networks, a chemical pulping section, a biochemical production section and a black liquor utilization section. Superstructure optimization is performed with the objective to maximize profit to determine optimal integrated networks for three scenarios. The obtained results provide useful insights for further development of the optimal networks as sustainable integrated biorefinery combined with pulp and paper mills. Graphical abstract Image, graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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12. Virtual sketching-based dental anatomy module improves learners' abilities to use computer-aided design to create dental restorations and prostheses.
- Author
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Pang M, Tong X, Zhao X, Wan J, Yin H, Yu N, Ma C, Zhang W, Xu Y, Ren Y, Xiong M, Kong W, Luo Z, Yang L, Tan F, Li Y, Fu X, Huang Y, Song J, Yang S, and Ji P
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Male, Students, Dental, Learning, Young Adult, Dental Prosthesis, Dental Prosthesis Design, Dental Restoration, Permanent methods, Adult, Education, Dental methods, Computer-Aided Design, Curriculum, Anatomy education, Educational Measurement statistics & numerical data, Computer-Assisted Instruction methods
- Abstract
Dental anatomy education for dental technology students should be developed in alignment with digital dental laboratory practices. We hypothesized that a virtually assisted sketching-based dental anatomy teaching module could improve students' acquisition of skills essential for digital restoration design. The second-year dental technology curriculum included a novel virtual technology-assisted sketching-based module for dental anatomy education. Pre- and post-course assessments evaluated students' skill sets and knowledge bases. Computer-aided design (CAD) scores were analyzed after one year to assess how the skills students developed through this module impacted their subsequent CAD performance. Participants who undertook the dental sketching-based teaching module demonstrated significantly improved theoretical knowledge of dental anatomy, dental aesthetic perception, and spatial reasoning skills. A partial least squares structural equation model indicated that the positive effects of this module on subsequent CAD performance were indirectly mediated by dental aesthetic perception, spatial reasoning, and practice time. A virtually assisted sketching-based dental anatomy teaching module significantly improved students' acquisition of skills and knowledge and positively mediated dental technology students' CAD performance., (© 2024 American Association for Anatomy.)
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- 2024
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13. A National Pattern Generation Method Based on Cultural Design Genetic Derivation
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Ma, Lisha, Wu, Yu, Yuan, Xiaofang, Zhu, Wuzhen, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Editorial Board Member, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Kotenko, Igor, Editorial Board Member, Yuan, Junsong, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, and Lee, Ji-Hyun, editor
- Published
- 2019
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14. Assessing Similarity for Case-Based Web User Interface Design
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Bakaev, Maxim, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Series Editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series Editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series Editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series Editor, Washio, Takashi, Series Editor, Yuan, Junsong, Series Editor, Zhou, Lizhu, Series Editor, Ghosh, Ashish, Series Editor, Alexandrov, Daniel A., editor, Boukhanovsky, Alexander V., editor, Chugunov, Andrei V., editor, Kabanov, Yury, editor, and Koltsova, Olessia, editor
- Published
- 2018
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15. Multimodal Natural Human–Computer Interfaces for Computer-Aided Design: A Review Paper
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Hongwei Niu, Cees Van Leeuwen, Jia Hao, Guoxin Wang, and Thomas Lachmann
- Subjects
human–computer interface ,multimodal interface ,computer-aided design ,natural interaction ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Computer-aided design (CAD) systems have advanced to become a critical tool in product design. Nevertheless, they still primarily rely on the traditional mouse and keyboard interface. This limits the naturalness and intuitiveness of the 3D modeling process. Recently, a multimodal human–computer interface (HCI) has been proposed as the next-generation interaction paradigm. Widening the use of a multimodal HCI provides new opportunities for realizing natural interactions in 3D modeling. In this study, we conducted a literature review of a multimodal HCI for CAD to summarize the state-of-the-art research and establish a solid foundation for future research. We explore and categorize the requirements for natural HCIs and discuss paradigms for their implementation in CAD. Following this, factors to evaluate the system performance and user experience of a natural HCI are summarized and analyzed. We conclude by discussing challenges and key research directions for a natural HCI in product design to inspire future studies.
- Published
- 2022
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16. Engineering Knowledge Extraction for Semantic Interoperability Between CAD, KBE and PLM Systems
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Cho, Jullius, Vosgien, Thomas, Gerhard, Detlef, Rannenberg, Kai, Editor-in-chief, Sakarovitch, Jacques, Series editor, Goedicke, Michael, Series editor, Tatnall, Arthur, Series editor, Neuhold, Erich J., Series editor, Pras, Aiko, Series editor, Tröltzsch, Fredi, Series editor, Pries-Heje, Jan, Series editor, Whitehouse, Diane, Series editor, Reis, Ricardo, Series editor, Furnell, Steven, Series editor, Furbach, Ulrich, Series editor, Winckler, Marco, Series editor, Rauterberg, Matthias, Series editor, Ríos, José, editor, Bernard, Alain, editor, Bouras, Abdelaziz, editor, and Foufou, Sebti, editor
- Published
- 2017
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17. The Development of Islamic Geometric Pattern in Jewellery Product Design
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Rahim, Mohd Idzham Che, Ibrahim, Marzuki, Daud, Mohd Zamani, Anuar, Nur Syafinaz M., Ab. Manan, Siti Khadijah, editor, Abd Rahman, Fadilah, editor, and Sahri, Mardhiyyah, editor
- Published
- 2017
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18. Current perspectives and trend of computer-aided drug design: a review and bibliometric analysis.
- Author
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Wu Z, Chen S, Wang Y, Li F, Xu H, Li M, Zeng Y, Wu Z, and Gao Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Molecular Docking Simulation, Bibliometrics, Computer-Aided Design, Drug Design
- Abstract
Aim: Computer-aided drug design (CADD) is a drug design technique for computing ligand-receptor interactions and is involved in various stages of drug development. To better grasp the frontiers and hotspots of CADD, we conducted a review analysis through bibliometrics., Methods: A systematic review of studies published between 2000 and 20 July 2023 was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Literature on CADD was selected from the Web of Science Core Collection. General information, publications, output trends, countries/regions, institutions, journals, keywords, and influential authors were visually analyzed using software such as Excel, VOSviewer, RStudio, and CiteSpace., Results: A total of 2031 publications were included. These publications primarily originated from 99 countries or regions led by the U.S. and China. Among the contributors, MacKerell AD had the highest number of articles and the greatest influence. The Journal of Medicinal Chemistry was the most cited journal, whereas the Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling had the highest number of publications., Conclusions: Influential authors in the field were identified. Current research shows active collaboration between countries, institutions, and companies. CADD technologies such as homology modeling, pharmacophore modeling, quantitative conformational relationships, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, binding free energy prediction, and high-throughput virtual screening can effectively improve the efficiency of new drug discovery. Artificial intelligence-assisted drug design and screening based on CADD represent key topics that will influence future development. Furthermore, this paper will be helpful in better understanding the frontiers and hotspots of CADD., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
- Published
- 2024
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19. A Systematic Review of the Application of Computational Technology in Microtia.
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Zhou J, Cui R, and Lin L
- Subjects
- Humans, Artificial Intelligence, Data Mining, Augmented Reality, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Virtual Reality, Surgery, Computer-Assisted methods, Congenital Microtia surgery, Computer-Aided Design
- Abstract
Microtia is a congenital and morphological anomaly of one or both ears, which results from a confluence of genetic and external environmental factors. Up to now, extensive research has explored the potential utilization of computational methodologies in microtia and has obtained promising results. Thus, the authors reviewed the achievements and shortcomings of the research mentioned previously, from the aspects of artificial intelligence, computer-aided design and surgery, computed tomography, medical and biological data mining, and reality-related technology, including virtual reality and augmented reality. Hoping to offer novel concepts and inspire further studies within this field., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.)
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- 2024
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20. Fracture resistance and failure mode of three esthetic CAD-CAM post and core restorations.
- Author
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Fathey IT, Azer AS, and Abdelraheem IM
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- Humans, Ceramics, Dental Stress Analysis, Benzophenones, Incisor injuries, Dental Materials chemistry, Polyethylene Glycols, Ketones chemistry, Polymers, Glass, Materials Testing, Dental Prosthesis Design, Computer-Aided Design, Dental Restoration Failure, Post and Core Technique, Esthetics, Dental, Composite Resins
- Abstract
Background: The rising demand for improved aesthetics has driven the utilization of recently introduced aesthetic materials for creating custom post and core restorations. However, information regarding the fracture resistance of these materials remains unclear, which limits their practical use as custom post and core restorations in clinical applications. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of three non-metallic esthetic post and core restorations and their modes of failure., Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine single-rooted human maxillary central incisors were endodontically treated. A standardized post space preparation of 9mm length was performed to all teeth to receive custom-made post and core restorations. The prepared teeth were randomly allocated to receive a post and core restoration made of one of the following materials (n=13): glass fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN). An intraoral scanner was used to scan all teeth including the post spaces. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) was used to fabricate post and core restorations. Post and core restorations were cemented using self-adhesive resin cement. All specimens were subjected to fracture resistance testing using a universal testing machine. Failure mode analysis was assessed using a stereomicroscope and SEM. The data was statistically analyzed using One-Way ANOVA test followed by multiple pairwise comparisons using Bonferroni adjusted significance level., Results: Custom PEEK post and core restorations displayed the least fracture load values at 286.16 ± 67.09 N. In contrast, FRC exhibited the highest average fracture load at 452.60 ± 105.90 N, closely followed by PICN at 426.76 ± 77.99 N. In terms of failure modes, 46.2% of specimens with PICN were deemed non-restorable, while for PEEK and FRC, these percentages were 58.8% and 61.5%, respectively., Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, both FRC and PICN demonstrated good performance regarding fracture resistance, surpassing that of PEEK., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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21. CAMBRIA: Interacting with Multiple CAD Alternatives
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Kolarić, Siniša, Erhan, Halil, Woodbury, Robert, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Yuan, Junsong, Series editor, Zhou, Lizhu, Series editor, Çağdaş, Gülen, editor, Özkar, Mine, editor, Gül, Leman Figen, editor, and Gürer, Ethem, editor
- Published
- 2017
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22. Fold cracking of coated papers: investigation on automated computer-aided visual assessment method.
- Author
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Pál, Magdolna, Dedijer, Sandra, László, Koltai, Gregor-Svetec, Diana, Cigula, Tomislav, Pavlović, Živko, and Milić-Keresteš, Neda
- Subjects
- *
COMPUTER-aided design , *IMAGE processing , *IMAGE quality analysis , *TENSILE strength , *PARTICLE size determination - Published
- 2021
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23. MLCAD: A Survey of Research in Machine Learning for CAD Keynote Paper.
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Rapp, Martin, Amrouch, Hussam, Lin, Yibo, Yu, Bei, Pan, David Z., Wolf, Marilyn, and Henkel, Jorg
- Subjects
- *
MACHINE learning , *CIRCUIT complexity , *COMPUTER-aided design , *ARTIFICIAL neural networks , *INTEGRATED circuits , *CONFIGURATION space , *MULTICASTING (Computer networks) - Abstract
Due to the increasing size of integrated circuits (ICs), their design and optimization phases (i.e., computer-aided design, CAD) grow increasingly complex. At design time, a large design space needs to be explored to find an implementation that fulfills all specifications and then optimizes metrics like energy, area, delay, reliability, etc. At run time, a large configuration space needs to be searched to find the best set of parameters (e.g., voltage/frequency) to further optimize the system. Both spaces are infeasible for exhaustive search typically leading to heuristic optimization algorithms that find some tradeoff between design quality and computational overhead. Machine learning (ML) can build powerful models that have successfully been employed in related domains. In this survey, we categorize how ML may be used and is used for design-time and run-time optimization and exploration strategies of ICs. A metastudy of published techniques unveils areas in CAD that are well explored and underexplored with ML, as well as trends in the employed ML algorithms. We present a comprehensive categorization and summary of the state of the art on ML for CAD. Finally, we summarize the remaining challenges and promising open research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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24. Computationally-Efficient EM-Simulation-Driven Multi-objective Design of Compact Microwave Structures
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Koziel, Slawomir, Bekasiewicz, Adrian, Kurgan, Piotr, Leifsson, Leifur, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Obaidat, Mohammad S., editor, Ören, Tuncer, editor, and Filipe, Joaquim, editor
- Published
- 2015
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25. Decomposition and Space Mapping for Reduced-Cost Modeling of Waveguide Filters
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Koziel, Slawomir, Ogurtsov, Stanislav, Leifsson, Leifur, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Obaidat, Mohammad S., editor, Koziel, Slawomir, editor, Leifsson, Leifur, editor, and Ören, Tuncer, editor
- Published
- 2015
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26. A cloud-based collaborative ecosystem for the automation of BIM execution plan (BEP)
- Author
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Abbas, Muhammad Azeem, Ajayi, Saheed O., Oyegoke, Adekunle Sabitu, and Alaka, Hafiz
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- 2024
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27. A design testbed for eco-friendly corrugated setter tray packaging.
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Oh, Junhyuk, Choi, Woojin, and Jee, Haeseong
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PACKAGING materials ,QUALITY function deployment ,CORRUGATED paperboard ,COMPUTER-aided engineering ,COMPUTER-aided design ,PAPER recycling - Abstract
Plain and simple, a corrugated cardboard material provides the right level of protection for goods in transit, which helps keep shipping costs down. As made mostly from wood material, a fairly renewable resource, corrugated cardboards are easily processed and also recycled into paper products and even new boxes. Moreover, thanks to the material's durability, many corrugated packages can be reused multiple times before hitting the recycle bin, which promotes eco-friendly corrugated packaging needs for the environment with no glues or extra binding chemical included inside the packaging at all. The research in this paper proposes a tentative design testbed for a product model of setter tray, wholly made in corrugated paperboard and seated inside packaging with no additional filling material, which, after all, aids realization of a totally eco-friendly corrugated packaging design. A methodical approach, a systematic functional design framework with design thinking methodologies such as function decomposition (FD), quality function deployment (QFD), and morphological matrix, has been introduced to generate a promising concept continuously refined onto a product model. The validation of mechanical properties of the designed product for its functions as desired has been conducted by using not only a computer-aided engineering (CAE) analysis of the computer-aided design (CAD) model, but also an engineering experiment of the product prototypes made of corrugated paperboard, followed by an in-depth discussion on design contributions and future works as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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28. Towards the Creation of Semantic Models Based on Computer-Aided Designs
- Author
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Bermeo, Nestor Velasco, González Mendoza, Miguel, Castro, Alexander García, Dueñas, Irais Heras, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Goebel, Randy, editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Wahlster, Wolfgang, editor, Batyrshin, Ildar, editor, and González Mendoza, Miguel, editor
- Published
- 2013
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29. Interplay of computer and paper-based sketching in graphic design
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Pan, Rui, Kuo, Shih-Ping, and Strobel, Johannes
- Published
- 2013
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30. Paper-based microreactor array for rapid screening of cell signaling cascades
- Author
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Kin Fong Lei, Ngan-Ming Tsang, and Chia-Hao Huang
- Subjects
Paper ,0301 basic medicine ,Cell signaling ,Time Factors ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bioreactors ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Neoplasms ,Humans ,Transcription factor ,Cell Proliferation ,Immunoassay ,Kinase ,Liver Neoplasms ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Hydrogels ,Equipment Design ,General Chemistry ,Paper based ,Microarray Analysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Cell culture ,Immunology ,Computer-Aided Design ,Microreactor ,Signal transduction ,Cell signaling pathways ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Investigation of cell signaling pathways is important for the study of pathogenesis of cancer. However, the related operations used in these studies are time consuming and labor intensive. Thus, the development of effective therapeutic strategies may be hampered. In this work, gel-free cell culture and subsequent immunoassay has been successfully integrated and conducted in a paper-based microreactor array. Study of the activation level of different kinases of cells stimulated by different conditions, i.e., IL-6 stimulation, starvation, and hypoxia, was demonstrated. Moreover, rapid screening of cell signaling cascades after the stimulations of HGF, doxorubicin, and UVB irradiation was respectively conducted to simultaneously screen 40 kinases and transcription factors. Activation of multi-signaling pathways could be identified and the correlation between signaling pathways was discussed to provide further information to investigate the entire signaling network. The present technique integrates most of the tedious operations using a single paper substrate, reduces sample and reagent consumption, and shortens the time required by the entire process. Therefore, it provides a first-tier rapid screening tool for the study of complicated signaling cascades. It is expected that the technique can be developed for routine protocol in conventional biological research laboratories.
- Published
- 2016
31. Multi-style paper pop-up designs from 3D models.
- Author
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Ruiz, Conrado R., Le, Sang N., Yu, Jinze, and Low, Kok‐Lim
- Subjects
- *
POP-up books , *PAPER arts , *THREE-dimensional display systems , *COMPUTER graphics , *COMPUTER-aided design , *MATHEMATICAL proofs - Abstract
Paper pop-ups are interesting three-dimensional books that fascinate people of all ages. The design and construction of these pop-up books however are done manually and require a lot of time and effort. This has led to computer-assisted or automated tools for designing paper pop-ups. This paper proposes an approach for automatically converting a 3D model into a multi-style paper pop-up. Previous automated approaches have only focused on single-style pop-ups, where each is made of a single type of pop-up mechanisms. In our work, we combine multiple styles in a pop-up, which is more representative of actual artist's creations. Our method abstracts a 3D model using suitable primitive shapes that both facilitate the formation of the considered pop-up mechanisms and closely approximate the input model. Each shape is then abstracted using a set of 2D patches that combine to form a valid pop-up. We define geometric conditions that ensure the validity of the combined pop-up structures. In addition, our method also employs an image-based approach for producing the patches to preserve the textures, finer details and important contours of the input model. Finally, our system produces a printable design layout and decides an assembly order for the construction instructions. The feasibility of our results is verified by constructing the actual paper pop-ups from the designs generated by our system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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32. Comparison of two different digital occlusal analysis methods.
- Author
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Bostancıoğlu SE, Toğay A, and Tamam E
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Computer-Aided Design
- Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the sensitivity of T-Scan digital occlusal analysis system and the occlusal analysis mode of the CEREC Omnicam system, which is mainly used for design/production, using the data recorded at the maximum intercuspal position., Materials and Methods: Occlusal recordings were obtained from healthy 20 females and 20 males aged 18-25 at the maximum intercuspal position. Records were saved as.jpeg format and transferred to Adobe Photoshop CS6 program. Blue, green, and red colors (shown by the same color codes in both systems) representing light, intense, and tight contacts, respectively, were evaluated in terms of the pixel counts. For statistical comparison, the differences between the systems independent sample T test and, between the genders, one sample T test were used (α = 0.05)., Results: The total numbers of pixels of all colors which are evaluated with T-Scan and CEREC Omnicam in females were 31,296.6 and 15,745, respectively, and in males 39,812.3 and 17,462, respectively. In both systems, the blue contact area is the most seen. For all colors tested, T-Scan recorded more contact than those of CEREC Omnicam in both genders and statistically significant difference was found between two systems for all colors. In both systems, recorded contacts are significantly higher in men than in women. Compared with women, 27% more contact area was recorded in men with T-Scan and 11% more with CEREC Omnicam was obtained., Conclusions: While T-Scan was found sensitive even in the diagnosis of light contacts, the CEREC Omnicam was found sensitive only in the diagnosis of tight contacts., Clinical Relevance: Although both T-Scan and CEREC Omnicam are effective in occlusal analysis, T-Scan's sensitivity was found to be higher., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04798729., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2022
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33. The enhancement of visuospatial abilities through pencil-and-paper or computer-aided training: What is more effective in 7-year-old pupils?
- Author
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Fastame, Maria Chiara and Manca, Cristina
- Subjects
PSYCHOEDUCATION ,COMPUTER-aided design ,PRIMARY schools ,PROBLEM solving ,MENTAL imagery - Abstract
This investigation examines the impact of two psychoeducational programs (i.e., computer-assisted versus pencil-and-paper) for the empowerment of visuospatial skills of 7-year-old pupils. At pretest, posttest and at a three-month follow-up, 58 children attending the second grade of Italian primary school completed a battery of tests assessing visuospatial problem solving, speed of processing, spatial comprehension, mental imagery, passive and active verbal working memory, respectively. After the pretest, 19 participants were presented the computer-assisted "Recovery in ... visuo-spatial abilities" training, whereas further 20 pupils were trained with the pencil-and-paper "Recovery in ... visuo-spatial abilities" psychoeducational intervention, respectively. At posttest and follow-up, the positive impact of the computer-assisted training has been documented, whereas the efficacy of the pencil-and-paper intervention has been found only at the posttest. Overall, the computer-based program was particularly effective in favoring the development of spatial comprehension, mental imagery, and processing speed in second graders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Researchers at Beijing Institute of Technology Release New Data on Applied Sciences (Multimodal Natural Human-Computer Interfaces for Computer-Aided Design: A Review Paper)
- Subjects
Technology ,Computer-aided design ,CAD-CAM systems -- Computer programs ,CAD software ,CAD/CAM software ,Health ,Science and technology - Abstract
2022 JUL 29 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Science Letter -- A new study on applied sciences is now available. According to news reporting out of [...]
- Published
- 2022
35. Historical development of root analogue implants: a review of published papers
- Author
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Otto Prandtner, G. Klaus, M. Berthold, R. Saeidi Pour, M.L.P.D. Engler, Anja Liebermann, C. Freitas Rafael, and Daniel Edelhoff
- Subjects
Root (linguistics) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Dentistry ,Esthetics, Dental ,03 medical and health sciences ,DICOM ,0302 clinical medicine ,0502 economics and business ,medicine ,Tooth Socket ,Dental implant ,Reduction (orthopedic surgery) ,Dental Implants ,business.industry ,Dental Implantation, Endosseous ,05 social sciences ,Soft tissue ,030206 dentistry ,Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ,Tissue Grafting ,Dental Prosthesis Design ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Computer-Aided Design ,050211 marketing ,Surgery ,Implant ,Oral Surgery ,business ,Abutment (dentistry) - Abstract
The timetable for placing a dental implant can be crucial in the reduction of resorption of the socket after an extraction. The association of immediate implantation with an implant that copies the anatomy of the extracted root seems to add benefits in limiting the hard and soft tissue changes that may occur. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the historical development of all types of root analogue implants from their beginning to the present day. To our knowledge the first individualised ones were described in 1969. Later, the use of titanium instead of the polymers that were used to start with offered better bony integration, and showed that the selection of materials was a key factor in their success. Root analogue implants made from zirconia were also described when attempts were being made to improve aesthetics in the anterior regions. The more recent introduction of digital technology such as DICOM has allowed the fabrication of these implants in less time, and the combination with digital diagnostic options such as cone-beam computed tomography facilitated the fabrication of some types of implants before extraction that could be inserted immediately into the alveolar socket with optimal and safe 3-dimensional positioning. Currently digital planning allows the clinician to design the ideal implant and abutment, which reduces the need for tissue grafting in the surgical phase and gingival conditioning in the prosthetic phase.
- Published
- 2019
36. Design advantages and analysis of a novel five-phase doubly-fed induction generator
- Author
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Ryndzionek, Roland, Michna, Michal, Kutt, Filip, Kostro, Grzegorz, and Blecharz, Krzysztof
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. An Efficient Framework For Fast Computer Aided Design of Microwave Circuits Based on the Higher-Order 3D Finite-Element Method (Invited Paper).
- Author
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LAMECKI, Adam, BALEWSKI, Lukasz, and MROZOWSKI, Michal
- Subjects
COMPUTER-aided design ,FINITE element method ,MICROWAVE circuits ,COMPUTATIONAL physics ,MATHEMATICAL optimization ,DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) - Abstract
In this paper, an efficient computational framework for the full-wave design by optimization of complex microwave passive devices, such as antennas, filters, and multiplexers, is described. The framework consists of a computational engine, a 3D object modeler, and a graphical user interface. The computational engine, which is based on a finite element method with curvilinear higher-order tetrahedral elements, is coupled with built-in or external gradient-based optimization procedures. For speed, a model order reduction technique is used and the gradient computation is achieved by perturbation with geometry deformation, processed on the level of the individual mesh nodes. To maximize performance, the framework is targeted to multicore CPU architectures and its extended version can also use multiple GPUs. To illustrate the accuracy and high efficiency of the framework, we provide examples of simulations of a dielectric resonator antenna and full-wave design by optimization of two diplexers involving tens of unknowns, and show that the design can be completed within the duration of a few simulations using industry-standard FEM solvers. The accuracy of the design is confirmed by measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
38. Extended electrical equivalent circuit for modelling compound DC motors
- Author
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Kandemir Beser, Esra
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Photolithography-free PDMS stamps for paper microdevice fabrication.
- Author
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Montgomery, R. Hunter, Phelan, Kelsey, Stone, Sawyer D., Decuir, Francois, and Hollins, Bryant C.
- Subjects
- *
THREE-dimensional printing , *PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY , *MICROFLUIDICS , *COMPUTER-aided design , *PARAFFIN wax - Abstract
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the applicability of 3D-printed molds to be used as a substitute for photolithography in the formation of polymer-based stamps. It proposes leveraging 3D printing as a rapid prototyping tool to be applied to microfluidic fabrication.Design/methodology/approach Different designs are created using computer-aided design (CAD) software and printed via Makerbot 3D printer. The molds serve as negative reliefs for a PDMS stamp. The stamp is used to apply paraffin wax to chromatography paper, creating hydrophobic barriers and hydrophilic channels. The minimum functional channel widths and barrier widths are determined for the method.Findings The method is demonstrated to be effective for bypassing the more cost-prohibitive photolithography approach for rapid paper microdevice fabrication. This approach produces functional channels that can be used for on-chip analytical assays. The minimum functional barrier widths and minimum functional channel widths are in good agreement with other published methods for paper-based microchannel fabrication.Research limitations/implications The approach cannot generate the high-resolution structures possible with photolithography. Therefore, if higher resolutions are needed for a particular application, this approach is not the best.Practical implications The simplicity of the approach introduces an affordable method to create disposable devices that can be used at the point of testing.Originality/value The paper satisfies a need for inexpensive, rapid prototyping of paper-based devices. The method is simple and can be used as a tool for introducing labs to microfluidics research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Automatic Paper Sliceform Design from 3D Solid Models.
- Author
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Le-Nguyen, Tuong-Vu, Low, Kok-Lim, Ruiz, Conrado, and Le, Sang N.
- Subjects
PAPER arts ,COMPUTER-aided design ,AUTOMATIC control systems ,LATTICE theory ,PAPER folding (Graphic design) ,EMBEDDINGS (Mathematics) - Abstract
A paper sliceform or lattice-style pop-up is a form of papercraft that uses two sets of parallel paper patches slotted together to make a foldable structure. The structure can be folded flat, as well as fully opened (popped-up) to make the two sets of patches orthogonal to each other. Automatic design of paper sliceforms is still not supported by existing computational models and remains a challenge. We propose novel geometric formulations of valid paper sliceform designs that consider the stability, flat-foldability and physical realizability of the designs. Based on a set of sufficient construction conditions, we also present an automatic algorithm for generating valid sliceform designs that closely depict the given 3D solid models. By approximating the input models using a set of generalized cylinders, our method significantly reduces the search space for stable and flat-foldable sliceforms. To ensure the physical realizability of the designs, the algorithm automatically generates slots or slits on the patches such that no two cycles embedded in two different patches are interlocking each other. This guarantees local pairwise assembility between patches, which is empirically shown to lead to global assembility. Our method has been demonstrated on a number of example models, and the output designs have been successfully made into real paper sliceforms. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Geometry-Based Thick Origami Simulation.
- Author
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Tsz-Ho Kwok
- Subjects
- *
PAPER arts , *ENGINEERING design , *COMPLIANT mechanisms , *COMPUTATIONAL geometry - Abstract
Origami is the art of creating a three-dimensional (3D) shape by folding paper. It has drawn much attention from researchers, and the designs that origami has inspired are used in various engineering applications. Most of these designs are based on familiar origami patterns and their known deformations, but origami patterns were originally intended for materials of near-zero thickness, primarily paper. To use the designs in engineering applications, it is necessary to simulate origami in a way that enables designers to explore and understand the designs while taking the thickness of the material to be folded into account. Because origami is primarily a problem in geometric design, this paper develops a geometric simulation for thick origami. The actuation, constraints, and assignment of mountain and valley folds in origami are also incorporated into the geometric formulation. The experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient and accurate. The method can successfully simulate a flat-foldable degree-four vertex, two different action origami, the bistable property of a waterbomb base, and the elasticity of non-rigid origami panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. A Review Paper on 3D Printing Technology: Processes, Materials, Applications and its Potential Application Opportunities and Challenges Faced in Pakistan.
- Author
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Noonari, S. A.
- Subjects
THREE-dimensional printing ,COMPUTER-aided design ,MASS customization ,DOMESTIC economic assistance ,AGRICULTURAL technology ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
3D printing or additive manufacturing process is known as part of the digital manufacturing process, involves gradually adding materials to a geometric representation to manufacture physical objects. A quickly developing technology is 3D printing. The world now uses 3D printing extensively in the many fields such as automotive, locomotive, healthcare, agriculture mass customization, aviation sectors and manufacture of any form of open source designs using 3D printing technology are becoming more common. 3D printing process produce an object directly from a computer-aided design model by depositing material layer by layer. In this world mostly many countries are quickly advancing and heavily investing in 3D printing. The advancement of 3D printing technology in Pakistan will be accelerated by strong government assistance, both in the form of laws that are welcoming to investors and subsidies during the early stages of growth. The use of this technology will bear fruit with a few years. Economy will boost as a result of strong manufacturing base. Pakistan will be able to contribute to the international market with skilled professionals and complex products, thus paving way for a sustainable future. The varieties of 3D printing technologies, the materials utilised in 3D printing, the applications for 3D printing technology, and the difficulties associated with adopting 3D printing technologies in Pakistan are all covered in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
43. Accuracy of three-dimensional, paper-based models generated using a low-cost, three-dimensional printer
- Author
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Piotr Szymor, Marcin Kozakiewicz, and Raphael Olszewski
- Subjects
Rapid prototyping ,Models, Anatomic ,Paper ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cone beam computed tomography ,Cephalometry ,Mandible ,Matrix (mathematics) ,DICOM ,Software ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,medicine ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,Point (geometry) ,Computer vision ,business.industry ,Paper based ,Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ,Surgery ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Printing, Three-Dimensional ,Automatic segmentation ,Computer-Aided Design ,Artificial intelligence ,Oral Surgery ,Anatomic Landmarks ,business ,Tooth ,Algorithms - Abstract
Our study aimed to determine the accuracy of a low-cost, paper-based 3D printer by comparing a dry human mandible to its corresponding three-dimensional (3D) model using a 3D measuring arm. One dry human mandible and its corresponding printed model were evaluated. The model was produced using DICOM data from cone beam computed tomography. The data were imported into Maxilim software, wherein automatic segmentation was performed, and the STL file was saved. These data were subsequently analysed, repaired, cut and prepared for printing with netfabb software. These prepared data were used to create a paper-based model of a mandible with an MCor Matrix 300 printer. Seventy-six anatomical landmarks were chosen and measured 20 times on the mandible and the model using a MicroScribe G2X 3D measuring arm. The distances between all the selected landmarks were measured and compared. Only landmarks with a point inaccuracy less than 30% were used in further analyses. The mean absolute difference for the selected 2016 measurements was 0.36 ± 0.29 mm. The mean relative difference was 1.87 ± 3.14%; however, the measurement length significantly influenced the relative difference. The accuracy of the 3D model printed using the paper-based, low-cost 3D Matrix 300 printer was acceptable. The average error was no greater than that measured with other types of 3D printers. The mean relative difference should not be considered the best way to compare studies. The point inaccuracy methodology proposed in this study may be helpful in future studies concerned with evaluating the accuracy of 3D rapid prototyping models.
- Published
- 2014
44. Sketch-based modeling from a paper-based overtraced freehand sketch.
- Author
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Chansri, Natthavika and Koomsap, Pisut
- Subjects
- *
FREEHAND technical sketching , *COMPUTER-aided design , *TECHNICAL illustration , *ENGINEERING graphics , *MECHANICAL drawing , *ADVANCED planning & scheduling - Abstract
Freehand sketch is a natural and intuitive communication channel for idea expression. Lines are drawn one after another to create the outline before additional lines are often drawn over the existing ones to make a sketch clearer. Typically, the sketch is transformed to be a 3D CAD model by a designer for use in subsequent operations. Sketch-based modeling has been researched to support this transformation but mainly for an online sketch on a digital device. For an offline sketch on a paper, commonly found used in practice, sketch-based modeling remains a challenge because a scanned image conceals enriched information on the sketch in a batch of data points. This paper proposes an approach for reconstructing a 3D model from a paper-based overtraced freehand sketch. Two main modules in this approach are single-line drawing identification and 3D reconstruction. The first module where image processing technique is applied is for transforming a paper-based overtraced freehand sketch to be a single-line drawing in order to generate more information about the sketch (i.e., the number of lines and their starting points and endpoints). The second module where progressive reconstruction approach with cubic corner is applied is for reconstructing a 3D model from the obtained single-line drawing. Steps to be taken in both modules have been formalized. The approach has been successfully implemented on LabVIEW, and tested with several samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Dynamic modelling of flow and water circulation in paper manufacture using a microcomputer
- Author
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Kallas, N. C.
- Subjects
620.0042029 ,Computer-Aided Design - Published
- 1983
46. A bibliography of technical papers relating expert systems to nuclear power plants
- Author
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Behera, A [Illinois Inst. of Tech., Chicago (United States)]
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Efficiencies of Internet-based digital and paper-based scientific surveys and the estimated costs and time for different-sized cohorts
- Author
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Uhlig, C. (Constantin), Seitz, B.E.H.J. (Berthold), Eter, N. (Nicole), Promesberger, J.M.A. (Julia), Busse, H. (Holger), and Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Paper ,Computer and Information Sciences ,Operations Research ,Adolescent ,Epidemiology ,Clinical Research Design ,Science Policy ,Economics ,Science ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Economic Models ,Cost-Effectiveness Analysis ,Social Sciences ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Systems Science ,Computer Applications ,Cohort Studies ,Hospitals, University ,Young Adult ,Cost Models ,Science Policy and Economics ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Postal Service ,Prospective Studies ,Allocative Efficiency ,Aged ,Demography ,Internet ,Survey Research ,Electronic Mail ,Data Collection ,Middle Aged ,Research Assessment ,Economic Analysis ,Resource Management (Economics) ,Research Design ,Medicine and health ,Web-Based Applications ,Medicine ,Computer-Aided Design ,Female ,Research Article - Abstract
AimsTo evaluate the relative efficiencies of five Internet-based digital and three paper-based scientific surveys and to estimate the costs for different-sized cohorts.MethodsInvitations to participate in a survey were distributed via e-mail to employees of two university hospitals (E1 and E2) and to members of a medical association (E3), as a link placed in a special text on the municipal homepage regularly read by the administrative employees of two cities (H1 and H2), and paper-based to workers at an automobile enterprise (P1) and college (P2) and senior (P3) students. The main parameters analyzed included the numbers of invited and actual participants, and the time and cost to complete the survey. Statistical analysis was descriptive, except for the Kruskal-Wallis-H-test, which was used to compare the three recruitment methods. Cost efficiencies were compared and extrapolated to different-sized cohorts.ResultsThe ratios of completely answered questionnaires to distributed questionnaires were between 81.5% (E1) and 97.4% (P2). Between 6.4% (P1) and 57.0% (P2) of the invited participants completely answered the questionnaires. The costs per completely answered questionnaire were $0.57-$1.41 (E1-3), $1.70 and $0.80 for H1 and H2, respectively, and $3.36-$4.21 (P1-3). Based on our results, electronic surveys with 10, 20, 30, or 42 questions would be estimated to be most cost (and time) efficient if more than 101.6-225.9 (128.2-391.7), 139.8-229.2 (93.8-193.6), 165.8-230.6 (68.7-115.7), or 188.2-231.5 (44.4-72.7) participants were required, respectively.ConclusionsThe study efficiency depended on the technical modalities of the survey methods and engagement of the participants. Depending on our study design, our results suggest that in similar projects that will certainly have more than two to three hundred required participants, the most efficient way of conducting a questionnaire-based survey is likely via the Internet with a digital questionnaire, specifically via a centralized e-mail.
- Published
- 2013
48. Bending and creasing virtual paper
- Author
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Kergosien, Yannick L., Gotoda, Hironobu, and Kunii, Toshiyasu L.
- Subjects
Computer graphics ,Algorithm ,Models ,Geometry ,Image Processing ,Simulation ,Computer-Aided Design ,Computer graphics -- Methods - Published
- 1994
49. Applying graded material transitions with low-cost additive manufacturing
- Author
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Brauer, Cole and Aukes, Daniel
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Research on bra component design and perceptual image prediction
- Author
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Fang, Fang, Hu, Caili, and Yan, Ting Ting
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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