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The degenerative nature of Huntington's disease drastically reduces quality of life for sufferers while limiting life expectancy itself. Among other sequalae, psychosis and chorea remain persistently difficult disease manifestations to manage for patients. Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication with a multineuroreceptor affinity, which gives it a broad range of action. Clozapine has been documented to have good remedial actions on chorea and psychosis in patients with Huntington's disease. Here the authors make the case for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aim of this study was to analyse the status, hotspots and trends of research on oral care for the elderly in mainland China in the past 20 years through bibliometrics, which aims to provide new ideas and targets for future clinical work and research. Design: Bibliometric analysis. Methods: Relevant literature was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Web of Science and PubMed. NoteExpress, Co‐Occurrence and CiteSpace were used to analyse bibliometric features in terms of year of publication, journal of publication, authors, institution and keywords. Results: A total of 716 related articles were obtained. The number of publications shows an increasing trend over time, only 2017–2021; 309 papers were published, accounting for 43.2% of the total number of publications. A total of 238 articles were published in Science Citation Index journals or Chinese core journals, accounting for 33.2% of the total number of articles. The study of oral health‐related quality of life in the elderly is a hot research topic. There is a lack of research on the elderly living in elderly care facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Participation in work and employment is a milestone of adulthood. People returning to work after burn injury may have physical, psychological, social, and environmental barriers to overcome in order to resume their pre‐injury employment. The aim of this paper is to evaluate qualitative findings regarding return‐to‐employment after burn injury. Methods: A qualitative synthesis was conducted based on the qualitative findings of an earlier mixed methods review. A pre‐determined scoping review protocol was used in the earlier review to search MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, CCRCT, and CDSR databases between 2000 and Aug 2021. Any papers presenting qualitative data from previously employed adults with cutaneous burn injuries were included. Findings: A total of 20 papers with qualitative data on return‐to‐employment after burn injury were found. Only six included studies focused on return‐to‐employment outcomes and the remaining studies reporting on quality of life and life experiences after burn injury. Common themes included impairments that develop and change over time; occupational identity and meaning; temporal aspects of burn recovery; burn rehabilitation services and interventions; attitudes, knowledge and support of service providers; workplace environments supporting work re‐engagement after burn injury; usefulness of work accommodations; family and social supports, individuals attributes that influence re‐engaging in employment; and accepting and rebuilding. Conclusion: Resumption of work after burn injury is regarded as a key marker of recovery for working‐aged adults by burn survivors and burn care professionals. Support at transition points during the burn recovery process and peer‐led programmes were important. However, limited information currently exists regarding clinical practices, service gaps, and understanding of return‐to‐employment outcomes after burn injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: : Dysphagia is prevalent in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). Swallowing intervention to improve or maintain swallowing function is of major importance as dysphagia may considerably impact physical and psycho‐social health. Aims: : A mixed methods systematic review was conducted to summarize and appraise literature reporting (1) effects of behavioural interventions for swallowing in individuals with PD; and (2) participants' perspectives of swallowing interventions. Methods & Procedures: : Electronic databases were searched systematically in July 2020 for articles published between 2014 and 2020. In addition, studies published between 2000 and 2014 were identified non‐systematically through previous reviews. Peer‐reviewed quantitative and qualitative research in English or German documenting behavioural interventions for swallowing in individuals with a diagnosis of PD was eligible for inclusion. Participants at all disease stages were included. Behavioural interventions included rehabilitative and compensatory strategies. Studies reporting swallowing outcomes with and without a comparative group were included. For each study, the National Health and Medical Research Council level of evidence was defined. Included studies were critically appraised using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields. An integrated synthesis was performed after separate analysis of effect data and data reflecting participants' experiences. This review was conducted based on published JBI methodology and the guideline from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis system was followed. Main Contribution: : A total of 33 studies published in English met the inclusion criteria. Thirty‐one studies reported quantitative data, one was qualitative and one was mixed methods. Intervention effects on swallowing function, swallowing safety and swallowing‐related quality of life were reported for various treatment approaches. Three studies explored how participants perceived the intervention. Overriding themes including subjects' views regarding treatment schedules and levels of effort or comfort associated with the intervention were identified across these studies. Combining evidence of intervention effects and subjects' experiences was possible for one rehabilitative and one compensatory intervention. Conclusions & Implications: : Beneficial effects of swallowing interventions have been reported; however, most experiments were case studies of variable methodological quality. Randomized‐controlled trials with robust methodology to explore treatment effects in larger samples is needed to guide clinical practice. Research reporting subjects' views is scarce. More studies exploring how individuals perceive behavioural interventions for swallowing are necessary to inform clinical decision‐making. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject: Dysphagia is common in individuals with PD. Swallowing intervention is of major importance as dysphagia may negatively affect physical and psycho‐social health of subjects with PD. What this study adds: Beneficial effects of behavioural interventions for swallowing, including rehabilitative and compensatory strategies, have been reported; however, available data are mostly based on case studies of variable quality. Data on how participants perceive specific behavioural interventions are lacking. Based on the available data, integration of efficacy data and individuals' experiences is limited. What are the clinical implications of this work?: Given the current evidence of intervention effects and individuals' views on behavioural treatment strategies, interventions implemented into clinical practice require careful evaluation on a case‐by‐case basis. More high‐quality research is needed to examine interventions' short‐ and long‐term effects in larger samples to guide clinical practice. In addition to studies evaluating intervention effects, research exploring participants' experiences with interventions is required as a foundation for clinical decision‐making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The incidence of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation continues to increase worldwide largely due to greater awareness of the symptoms of cardiac events and increased attention to cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in the community. Globally, predicted survival rates after cardiopulmonary resuscitation have remained at 10% for decades and although patient outcome remains unpredictable, there is a positive trend in life expectancy. For a resuscitation attempt to be classed as successful, not only survival but also quality of life has to be evaluated. Aim The aim of this review was to examine literature that explores the quality of life ( QOL) for survivors' after CPR and the influence cognitive impairment, anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) has had on their QOL. Review methods This review follows Whittemore and Knafl's framework for an integrative literature review. Electronic databases EBSCO, Ovid, PubMed and EMBASE were searched. After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, thirty-six papers published from January 2000 to June 2015 were included in this review. Results These papers represent a broad spectrum of research evaluating quality of life for survivors of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The heterogeneous research methods and vast number of different research tools make it challenging to compare the findings. The majority of papers concluded that quality of life for survivors of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was generally acceptable. However, studies also described survivors' experience of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress and cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion A majority of papers reported an acceptable quality of life if the patient survived to hospital discharge. The heterogeneity in quantitative papers was noticeable and indicates a marked variance in patient outcomes. This review highlights the absence of specialized tools used to investigate survivors' experience of the event. Further exploration of the impact cardiopulmonary resuscitation has on the individual may improve ongoing rehabilitation and quality of life levels for survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This systematic review was performed to evaluate the range of outcome measures used in interventional trials for oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Materials and Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2004 to 2018 about OSF treatment. All the outcome measures and measurement methods mentioned in the trials were extracted and analyzed. Results: Out of 120 published papers, 12 RCTs that met the inclusion criteria were included. A total of 38 single outcome measures and 29 composite outcome measures were considered under four different outcome domains, of which clinical symptoms and clinical response were the most commonly used. The linear measurement of mouth opening (11 trials; 91.66%) and Visual Analogue Scale (10 trials, 83.33%) were the predominant measurement methods. Conclusions: This systematic review highlights the high heterogeneity in outcome measures in therapeutic RCTs of OSF. This lack of widely agreed standard outcome measures in OSF is a great concern as it prevents the comparison of studies and meta‐analyses to gather evidence. There is a dire need of establishing a core outcome set for reporting in the future clinical trials that may help facilitate treatment choice for OSF to improve life quality of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this research is to identify the main approaches and domains of palliative care quality assessment through three questionnaires used for this purpose. Design: Systematic review. Methods: The proposed analysis process consists of three stages from 2000 to 2020: (i) massive literature search, (ii) text mining and (iii) systematic reviews carried out on the QLQ C30, Zarit Burden Interview and FAMCARE questionnaires. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA‐P) have guided our research. Results: Sixteen papers were included in our study. The main findings have been summarised using a descriptive narrative synthesis approach. Systematic reviews evidenced that such tools present variable factor structures or latent domains. The results obtained are generally representative of the evidence supporting the factor structure of the QLQ‐C30 in the general cancer population. The factor structure of the Zarit Burden Interview remains ambiguous, although the idea of a unifactorial structure predominates. In the case of FAMCARE, most of the factor structures differ from the initial proposal of Kristjanson. The categorisation of the main subjective assessment approaches could be useful for the construction of a coherent system of indicators to be used in nursing practice. For its part, the variability in the latent dimensionality of the questionnaires analysed could be due to: (i) the characteristics of the sample, (ii) the population studied, (iii) cross‐cultural variability, (iv) the design of the questionnaire and (v) the analysis techniques employed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale: Cervical radiculopathy is initially typically managed conservatively. Surgery is indicated when conservative management fails or with severe/progressive neurological signs. Personalised multimodal physiotherapy could be a promising conservative strategy. However, aggregated evidence on the (cost‐)effectiveness of personalised multimodal physiotherapy compared to surgery with/without post‐operative physiotherapy is lacking. Aim/Objectives: To systematically summarise the literature on the (cost‐)effectiveness of personalised multimodal physiotherapy compared to surgery with or without post‐operative physiotherapy in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Methods: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched from inception to 1st of March 2023. Primary outcomes were effectiveness regarding costs, arm pain intensity and disability. Neck pain intensity, perceived recovery, quality of life, neurological symptoms, range‐of‐motion, return‐to‐work, medication use, (re)surgeries and adverse events were considered secondary outcomes. Randomised clinical trials comparing personalised multimodal physiotherapy versus surgical approaches with/without post‐operative physiotherapy were included. Two independent reviewers performed study selection, data‐extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane RoB 2 and Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards statement. Certainty of the evidence was determined using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations. Results: From 2109 records, eight papers from two original trials, with 117 participants in total were included. Low certainty evidence showed there were no significant differences on arm pain intensity and disability, except for the subscale 'heavy work' related disability (12 months) and disability at 5–8 years. Cost‐effectiveness was not assessed. There was low certainty evidence that physiotherapy improved significantly less on neck pain intensity, sensory loss and perceived recovery compared to surgery with/without physiotherapy. Low certainty evidence showed there were no significant differences on numbness, range of motion, medication use, and quality of life. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Considering the clinical importance of accurate management recommendations and the current low level of certainty, high‐quality cost‐effectiveness studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale and Aim: Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) is a specialist who has acquired clinical skills to make complex decisions for a better professional practice. In the United States, this figure has been developed in different ways, but in some European countries, it is not yet fully developed, although it may imply a significant advance in terms of continuity and quality of care in patients with chronic or multiple pathologies, including cardiac ones and, more specifically, heart failure (HF). The follow‐up of HF patients in many countries has focused on the medical management of the process, neglecting all the other comprehensive health aspects that contribute to decompensation of HF, worsening quality indicators or patient satisfaction, and there are not updated reviews to clarify the relevance of APN in HF, comparing the results of APN interventions with doctors clinical practice, since the complexity of care that HF patients need makes it difficult to control the disease through regular treatment. For this reason, this systematic review was proposed in order to update the available knowledge on the effectiveness of APN interventions in HF patients, analysing four PICO questions (Patients, Interventions, Comparison and Outcomes): whether APN implies a reduction in the number of hospital readmissions, if it reduces mortality, if it has a positive cost‐benefit relationship and if it implies any improvement in the quality of life of HF patients. Design and Methods: A systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA statement, searching at four databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Cuiden. Articles were selected based on the following criteria: English/Spanish language, up to 6 years since publication, and original quantitative studies of experimental, quasi‐experimental or observational character. Papers were excluded if they do not comply with CONSORT or STROBE checklists, and if they had not been published in journals indexed in JCR and/or SJR. For the analysis, two separate researchers used the Cochrane Handbook form for systematic reviews of intervention, collecting authorship variables, study methods, risks of bias, intervention and comparison groups, results obtained, PICO question or questions answered, and the main conclusions. Results: A total of 43,754 patients participated in the 11 included studies for the development of this review, mostly from United States and non‐European countries, with a clearly visible lack of European publications. Regarding the results related to first PICO question, researches reviewed proved that APN implied a reduction in the number of hospital readmissions in patients with heart failure (up to 33%). Regarding the second question, mortality was always lower in groups assisted by APN versus in control groups (up to 7.8% vs. 17.7%). Regarding the third question, APN was cost‐effective in this type of patient as the cost reduction was eventually calculated in 1.9 million euros. Regarding the last question, quality of life of patients who have been cared for by an APN had notoriously improved, although one of the papers concluded that no significant differences were found. All the questions addressed obtained a positive answer; therefore, APN is a practice that reduced hospital readmissions and mortality in HF patients. The cost‐effectiveness is much better with APN than with usual care, and although the quality of life of HF patients seems to improve with APN, more studies are needed to support this focused on this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Contemporary clinical and empirical perspectives indicate that management of the psychosocial features of stuttering is fundamental for effective treatment. Interventions that improve psychosocial outcomes for school‐age children who stutter are, therefore, needed. Aims: This systematic review identifies what psychosocial outcomes have been explored in existing school‐age clinical research, the measures used and the potential treatment effects. This will provide guidance for developing interventions that reflect contemporary perspectives of stuttering management. Methods & Procedures: A total of 14 databases and three conference proceedings were searched for clinical reports of psychosocial outcomes of children aged 6–12 years. The review did not include pharmacological interventions. Psychosocial measures and outcomes were analysed in each study based on data recorded pre‐treatment, immediately post‐treatment and for any follow‐up assessments. Main Contributions: Of the 4051 studies identified from the databases, a total of 22 studies met criteria for inclusion in the review. From these 22 studies, the review identified four prominent psychosocial domains that have been explored in school‐age clinical research to date: Impact of stuttering, communication attitude, anxiety and speech satisfaction. These domains vary in measurement and effect sizes. Two behavioural treatments were associated with anxiety reduction, even though they did not contain anxiolytic procedures. No evidence of potential treatment effects emerged for communication attitudes. Quality of life—an important psychosocial domain pertinent to health economics—did not feature in school‐age clinical reports. Conclusions & Implications: The psychosocial features of stuttering need to be managed during the school years. Three psychosocial domains—impact of stuttering, anxiety and speech satisfaction—show evidence of potential treatment effects. This review provides direction for future clinical research so that speech–language pathologists can effectively and holistically manage school‐age children who stutter. What this paper adds: What is already known on the subject: Elevated levels of anxiety are apparent for children and adolescents who stutter. Therefore, the need to assess and manage psychosocial features of stuttering are expertly regarded as clinical priorities. Clinical trials of such psychosocial features of stuttering for children aged 6−12 years are not well advanced and, therefore, do not reflect current best practice management of this disorder. What this study adds to existing knowledge: This systematic review identifies four different psychosocial domains measured and reported in the literature for school‐age stuttering management. For three psychosocial domains, some evidence of potential treatment effects emerged with participant numbers greater than 10: Impact of stuttering, anxiety and speech satisfaction. Though treatment effect sizes varied, there is a suggestion that cognitive behaviour therapy can improve anxiety of school‐age children who stutter. There is also suggestion that two other behavioural treatments can improve anxiety of school‐age children who stutter. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: Given the essential need for school‐age children who stutter to receive management of any speech‐related anxiety they may experience, it would be productive to discover in future clinical research what interventions could contribute to that goal—behavioural or psychosocial, or both. This review reveals that cognitive behaviour therapy, and other behavioural treatments, are associated with anxiety reductions. Such approaches should be considered for future clinical trial research to help advance the evidence base for managing school‐age stuttering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: While common in the elderly, dry mouth can negatively affect their oral health and nutritional status. Self‐administered oral care by the elderly can improve their oral health and prevent oral diseases. This study aimed to identify the content of oral health promotion programmes for community‐dwelling elderly and to determine which programmes are effective in improving oral health decreasing xerostomia in these populations. Methods: A systematic literature search and meta‐analysis was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. All available papers published in English or Korean were searched between 1 June and 13 June 2018. The relevant databases in PubMed Central, MEDLINE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library and Embase, as well as open dissertation and academic searches, were performed. Data were extracted from the selected studies based on PICOS, and the health outcomes of the elderly were subjected to meta‐analysis categorized by salivary secretion rates and oral health‐related quality of life (OHQoL). Results: A total of nine studies had sufficient data for a systematic review and meta‐analysis. The intervention programmes consisted mainly of oral health promotion programmes, mouth exercises, toothbrushing and salivary massage. The meta‐analysis indicated that elderly participating in oral health programmes had significantly increased oral salivary secretion rates and OHQoL (effect sizes of 0.63 and 0.80, respectively). Conclusions: Oral health promotion programmes in the elderly provide the positive effects of relieving dry mouth and improving OHQoL. This systematic review confirmed the contents and effects of the oral health promotion programmes provided to community‐dwelling elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inconsistent engagement in pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) among patients with prostate cancer (PC) following radical prostatectomy may have contributed to varying effectiveness in improving urinary incontinence across studies. Identifying factors influencing engagement can help develop effective interventions to maximize participation, enhance urinary function and improve quality of life (QoL). This scoping review aims to systematically search for factors influencing PFME engagement among post radical prostatectomy patients managing urinary incontinence. Eligible publications in English were identified from various databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest, PsycINFO and Scopus. A health science librarian was consulted to assist in formulating search terms, encompassing PC, PFME terms and influencing factors terms. We employed Colandrapp™ for data extraction, focusing on key themes such as study characteristics, PFME education and training, recommended sessions, engagement rates and factors influencing PFME engagement following radical prostatectomy. Results were presented in tables and supplemented by a narrative discussion addressing gaps in research knowledge. The synthesis drew from a diverse body of literature, blending quantitative and qualitative approaches, to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of PFME engagement factors. Twelve papers, based on 10 studies published between 2011 and 2018, met our inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies primarily employed longitudinal quantitative designs, except for one study that utilized a mixed‐method design. Only three studies incorporated theories to guide the selection of potential factors influencing PFME engagement. The factors examined across the reviewed studies encompassed aspects related to the patient–partner relationship, patient's action control, planning (dyadic or individual), self‐efficacy, perceived urinary incontinence and the patient–provider relationship. We observed conflicting findings regarding the factors influencing PFME engagement across studies. Our review underscores the importance of theory‐informed studies using rigorous methodology and precise theoretical and operational definitions of potential factors. Such studies can help pinpoint the most influential factors to enhance PFME engagement and, ultimately, improve symptoms and QoL for PC patients. The scoping review also showed critical implications for nursing practice. Nurses should develop individualized and culturally sensitive interventions, integrate health behaviour change theories, assess patient–partner relationships and action control and consider intention's mediating role in the enhancement of PFME engagement following radical prostatectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a well‐established treatment option for chronic pain. Pain over the implantable pulse generator, or pocket pain, is an incompletely understood risk of SCS implantation which may limit the efficacy of treatment and patient quality of life. The goal of this narrative review is to analyze the literature to gain a more thorough understanding of the incidence and risk factors for the development of pocket pain to help guide treatment options and minimize its occurrence in the future. Methods: A literature review was conducted investigating the development of pocket pain in patients with SCS for the management of a variety of pain conditions. Results: In total, 305 articles were included in the original database search and 50 met the criteria for inclusion. The highest level of evidence for papers that specifically investigated pocket pain was level III. Four retrospective, observational analyses included pocket pain as a primary outcome. The remainder of the included studies listed pocket pain as an adverse event of SCS implantation. Conclusions: There is a relative dearth of primary literature that examines the incidence, characteristics, and health economic implications of pocket pain in patients with SCS. This highlights the need for large‐scale, high‐quality prospective or randomized controlled trials examining pocket pain. This may ultimately help prevent and reduce pocket pain leading to improved efficacy of treatment and greater patient quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adults with intellectual disabilities are an at‐risk group of developing dementia. In the absence of a cure for dementia, emphasis on treatment is the promotion of Quality of life (QoL). The aim of this review is to identify and describe QoL tools for people with intellectual disabilities and dementia. Method: A systematic review was carried out using 10 databases and papers from up to March year 2021. Results: Two instruments were identified and examined. The QoL in late‐stage dementia, which showed evidence of good levels of internal consistency, intra‐rater reliability, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity. The Dementia Quality of Life – proxy was also used; however, its psychometric properties have yet to be studied within the intellectual disabilities population. Conclusion: It is recommended instruments should be developed and psychometrically tested specifically for adults with intellectual disabilities and dementia to help inform policy makers, measure outcomes of interventions and personal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the association of individual and contextual social capital with oral health outcomes in children and adolescents. Methods: Electronic searches were performed in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases for articles published from 1966 up to June 2021. Two calibrated reviewers screened and critically appraised the identified papers. Observational studies that evaluated the relationship of individual or/and contextual social capital or their proxies with oral health outcomes in children and adolescents using validated methods were included. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Data were extracted for narrative synthesis and meta‐analysis followed by a meta‐regression model. Meta‐analysis using random effects method was used to estimate pooled prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Of the 3060 studies initially retrieved, 31 were included in the systematic review and 21 in the meta‐analysis, totalling 81 241 individuals. The clinical outcomes included dental caries and gingival bleeding and subjective outcomes were oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and self‐rated oral health (SROH). Individuals with lower levels of individual social capital had a higher prevalence of poor clinical (PR 1.11; 95%CI 1.02–1.22) and subjective (PR 1.25; 95%CI 1.09–1.45) oral health conditions. The prevalence of worse clinical (PR 1.34; 95%CI 1.11–1.61) and subjective (PR 1.56; 95%CI 1.13–2.16) oral health outcomes were also associated with lower levels of contextual social capital. In general, the contextual level of social capital exerted more impact, and the subjective oral health outcomes were the more affected. Conclusions: Contextual and individual social capital were positively related to oral health outcomes, such as dental caries, gingival bleeding, SROH and OHRQoL in children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To summarize the parenting intervention literature for parents of children aged 2-10 years (mean age <10 years) with type 1 diabetes and to evaluate intervention efficacy in improving a range of parent, family and child outcomes. The present review de-emphasizes the traditional medical approach to illness management summarized in previous reviews and focuses on parenting factors identified in the literature as important to diabetes management. This review article is important as it outlines the present state of parenting intervention literature for this population. Methods Electronic searches were conducted for seven databases (Cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane library and Web of Science) from their start dates until April 2014. Reference lists of all included papers were also searched for potentially relevant articles. Results Seven papers, representing six studies, met the inclusion criteria. Three studies primarily focused on improving parenting practices. The intervention programmes described in the remaining studies comprised multiple components; thus, it is difficult to establish the contribution of the parenting components to improving outcomes. Conclusions Parenting interventions may help to improve responsibility sharing and cooperation in diabetes management, child behaviour difficulties, parental behaviour, parents' psychological distress and child health outcomes. This review suggests the need for further well-designed trials of parenting interventions to determine their specific contribution to improving outcomes for this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review available evidence to determine the impact of the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQL) Model for Dental Hygiene on education, research, and practice. Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed using the search terms oral health‐related quality of life, OHRQL, and dental hygiene and limited to publications between 1998 and 2016. Google Scholar was also used to identify citations for the two original OHRQL model papers to capture the literature widely read by practicing dental hygienists but not indexed in PubMed. A total of 40 publications met the predetermined search strategy. Full publications were obtained and reviewed to determine how this research is being used in education, research, and practice. Findings: The OHRQL is being utilized to a very limited degree in education, research, and practice. The literature shows how the OHRQL is actively being used in the school where the model originated in addition to a dental hygiene programme in Japan. Studies have been conducted on a variety of research instruments, including the OHRQL, designed to capture OHRQL outcomes. Japanese researchers have used the OHRQL in studies designed to determine the impact of oral healthcare delivery on patients’ oral health‐related quality of life. Conclusion: Eighteen years of the literature confirms that the OHRQL is being used minimally in education, research, and practice. Greater emphasis is needed around the collection and assessment of oral health‐related quality of life measures for providing patient‐centred care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The treatment goal for rheumatoid arthritis has undergone a dramatic change over recent years with the advent of biologic and targeted synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs). This systematic review aims to discuss the comparative efficiency of new drugs versus the standard of care methotrexate. Methods: Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were searched, and 7072 records were retrieved. Randomized controlled trials published in the last five years with full‐text papers, blinded studies, and studies with an open‐label extension were included. Studies with a high risk of bias as calculated by the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB2) tool were excluded. The last database search was conducted on 21 August 2021. Results: Fifteen studies were identified and analyzed by categorizing drugs into Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies with other targets (anti‐GM‐CSF receptor, anti‐IL6 receptor, anti‐IL‐17 monoclonal antibodies), with a total of 7963 participants. Data were synthesized with tables and the PRISMA flow diagram. Our analysis included baricitinib, filgotinib, peficitinib, infliximab, certolizumab, sarilumab, tocilizumab namilumab, mavrilimumab, golimumab, and CNT06785. Conclusions: These studies showed that except for CNT 06785 (anti‐Interleukin 17A monoclonal antibody), biologic and targeted synthetic disease‐modifying drugs combined with methotrexate or as monotherapy yield better clinical and radiographical outcomes. This systematic review does not discuss biosimilars and the adverse effects of biologic drugs in detail. Infections remain a significant adverse drug reaction of monoclonal antibodies. However, these drugs play a crucial role in adequately managing this disease for patients with severe arthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study was conducted to investigate the relationships between different frailty stages and the fall incidence rates of community-dwelling older adults. The differences between various frailty indicators regarding assessment accuracy of the fall incidence rates of community-dwelling elders were also analyzed. Finally, the relationship between frailty and recurrent falls was explored. Methods This study comprised a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Two researchers independently examined and extracted the related literature. The key search terms included frailty, frail, fall, older people, older, geriatric, and senior. The literature sampling period was from January 2001 to December 2016. The quality of each paper was assessed according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The databases of the Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and MEDLINE were used to conduct a systematic literature search by using the random effect mode to analyze the compiled papers. Findings A total of 102,130 community-dwelling older adults ≥65 years of age and 33,503 older adults who had experienced a fall were compiled to investigate the relationship between frailty and falls. The meta-analysis results revealed that compared with robust older adults, frail older adults demonstrated the greatest risk for falls, followed by prefrail older adults. Furthermore, the use of different frailty indicators to predict the fall incidence rates of older adults yielded nonsignificantly different outcomes. In short, studies of either cardiovascular health or osteoporotic fracture indicators are effective for predicting the risk for falls in older people. Finally, this study confirmed that compared with robust older adults, frail older adults were more likely to experience recurrent falls. Conclusions Frailty is a crucial healthcare topic of people with geriatric syndromes. Frail older adults are likely to experience recurrent falls. In addition, the evidence-based study indicated that once older people enter the prefrail stage, they are likely to experience falls. Therefore, older adults should be evaluated for the possibility of geriatric syndromes such as frailty, which may be addressed to reduce the risk for bone fractures and death. Clinical Relevance Professional nurses should use frailty assessment indicators as early as possible to evaluate the possibility of frailty in community-dwelling older people. Meanwhile, effective frailty prevention strategies should be applied to prevent frailty, thereby reducing the incidence of falls and enhancing older persons' quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Head and neck cancers (HNC) are strongly associated with malnutrition. This systematic review aimed to investigate the optimal frequency of individualised nutrition counselling (INC) pre‐, peri‐ and post‐treatment for patients with HNC. Methods: Pubmed, EMBASE, Cinahl and Scopus were searched from inception through to April 2020 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that focused on the INC frequency for adult patients with HNC (Registration no. 178868). The outcomes assessed were nutritional status, dietary intake, weight change, treatment interruptions, unplanned hospital admissions, quality of life, complications and morbidity. Certainty of evidence was assessed using Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Four RCTs were identified with five papers (n = 500 total participants). The certainty of evidence was 'high' for nutritional status and quality of life, 'moderate' for treatment interruptions and unplanned hospital admissions, and 'low' for percentage weight change, complications/morbidity and dietary intake. Compared to control groups, there were consistent improvements for nutritional status, quality of life, treatment interruptions, unplanned hospital admissions, dietary intake, percentage weight change and morbidity when weekly INC was provided peri‐treatment and fortnightly INC was provided post‐treatment. No statistical significance was found for treatment interruptions, dietary intake and weight change when INC was provided fortnightly peri‐treatment only. There were no RCTs in the current review that offered INC pre‐treatment. Conclusions: This systematic review shows beneficial effects with weekly INC peri‐treatment and fortnightly INC post‐treatment for patients with HNC in all outcomes studied. Future research should focus on models of care to address the optimal frequency of pre‐treatment INC as well as the duration of post‐treatment INC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Relative to the oral contraceptive pill, uptake of long‐acting reversible contraceptive methods (LARCs) in Australia continues to be lower than might be suggested by the evidence on their clinical and economic benefits. Aim: To undertake a critical appraisal of published economic evaluations of LARCs to assess the generalisability of their results to the Australian healthcare context. Materials and Methods: A search of the literature was conducted to identify studies of economic evaluations of LARCs using the Medline, Embase and PubMed databases. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist. Results: A total of 1009 citations were screened, from which 20 papers, typically reporting the cost per pregnancy avoided, were reviewed. The overall quality of the studies varied but was generally poor (average score of 62/100). To aid comparisons, results have been grouped under the headings IUS (all hormonal intrauterine systems), IUDs (all non‐hormonal intrauterine devices), injectables (all contraceptive injections) and implants (all subdermal contraceptive implants). Overall, the results indicated that LARCs were more effective and less costly than oral contraceptives. Conclusions: Despite evidence that LARCs represent value for money, limitations in study quality and approaches must be taken into account when applying these results to Australia. Differences in healthcare settings aside, LARCs may also have benefits beyond their effect on pregnancy that might be captured in broader analyses, such as cost‐benefit analyses using willingness to pay methods. These would capture benefits beyond health, which seem to be particularly relevant to contraception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Can the use of mobile applications (apps) improve quality of life and disease management in adult patients with urologic disease? Technology has created new opportunities to promote behavioural change in the daily lives of patients. One third of adults in the United States who own smartphones or tablets use health apps to improve their health. The aim of this review was to analyse whether use of mobile apps improves the quality of life and symptom management of urological patients. Databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus. Search terms (free terms, MeSH): mobile apps, urologic diseases. Papers searched included all randomized controlled trials, quasi‐experimental studies, analytical cross‐sectional studies, cohort studies, and case–control studies. Nine articles were analysed. The review showed that mobile apps purpose‐built for urological patients can improve quality of life, signs and symptoms. It is necessary that nurses and physicians be familiar with these apps in order to identify and benefit those patients who deal with disabling diseases that prevent them performing their daily activities to the desired degree. Mhealth makes inroads into the medical profession, both doctors and nurses should maintain awareness not only of drug and other therapies but also of the efficacy of the mobile health apps available. Digital health treatment has arrived and can no longer be considered merely peripheral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The objective of this systematic review was to identify primary health-care or aged-care strategies that have or could support the well-being of older Indigenous peoples. Methods A search was undertaken of primary databases including Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Papers which reported on the perspectives of older Indigenous peoples, community members and provider participants were included. Findings were pooled using a meta-aggregative approach. Results Three high-level synthesised findings - maintaining Indigenous identity, promoting independence and delivering culturally safe care - were believed to be important for supporting the well-being of older Indigenous peoples. Conclusions As physical independence often diminishes with age, having the support of culturally safe primary health-care and aged-care services that understand the importance of maintaining an Indigenous identity and promoting independence will be crucial for the well-being of older Indigenous peoples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although sub-Saharan Africa caries the burden of paediatric and adult HIV/ AIDS infections, the epidemic is spreading most rapidly in the Middle East and North Africa Region where between 2005 and 2013, AIDS-related deaths increased by 66% in comparison with a worldwide fall of 35%. For the first time, in 2011, more than half of people in need of antiretroviral drugs were receiving them, with coverage reaching 54%; yet only 28% of children have access to HIV treatment. This review sought to provide an update of paediatric and adolescent oral HIV/ AIDS issues in resource poor countries. Objectives To review the literature on paediatric & adolescent HIV with a focus on oral lesions as predictors of HIV infection; as markers of the efficacy of HAART and quality of life; caries risk; management of oral lesions; and epidemiological tests for clinical significance of oral lesions. Methods A search strategy was developed for PubMed to identify papers on paediatric oral HIV. Publications in English were selected on the basis that their titles and abstracts were relevant to the review objectives. The reference lists of included papers were screened for additional articles. The time-search for publications was limited from 2009 to 15 October 2014. Results Papers on the prevalence of oral lesions lacked standardization in diagnostic criteria and the introduction of HAART had significantly reduced prevalence; oral lesions remain useful predictors for HIV infection and as markers for the efficacy of HAART. Evidence suggest that caries risk is increased with HIV infection; management of oral lesions is inconsistent with available resources and surprisingly little recent information has been published in the past 5 years. Revised case definitions are proposed for large-scale epidemiologic studies with the development of an oral lesion index showing promise. Oral health quality of life indicators for children and adolescents are becoming important as more of these indicators are being developed and their negative oral impacts in individuals with oral lesions are now well established. Conclusions Paediatric and adolescent oral HIV research needs to be prioritized as current studies are few and are characterized by poor quality study designs, small study samples and a lack of multicentre collaborations. There is a lack of high quality evidence for a number of interventions available for management of oral lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The examination of psychometric properties in instruments measuring abuse of older people (AOP) is a crucial area of study that has, unfortunately, received relatively little attention. Poor psychometric properties in AOP measurement instruments can significantly contribute to inconsistencies in prevalence estimates, casting a shadow of uncertainty over the magnitude of the problem at national, regional, and global levels. Objectives: This review rigorously employed the Consensus‐based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guideline on the quality of outcome measures. It was designed to identify and review the instruments used to measure AOP, assess the instruments' measurement properties, and identify the definitions of AOP and abuse subtypes measured by these instruments, ensuring the reliability and validity of the findings. Search Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted up to May 2023 across various online databases, including AgeLine via EBSCOhost, ASSIA via ProQuest, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, EMBASE, LILACS, ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Global, PsycINFO via EBSCOhost, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Sociological Abstract via ProQuest, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Google Scholar and WHO Global Index Medicus. Additionally, relevant studies were identified by thoroughly searching the grey literature from resources such as Campbell Collaboration, OpenAIRE, and GRAFT. Selection Criteria: All quantitative, qualitative (addressing face and content validity), and mixed‐method empirical studies published in peer‐reviewed journals or grey literature were included in this review. The included studies were primary studies that (1) evaluated one or more psychometric properties, (2) contained information on instrument development, or (3) examined the content validity of the instruments designed to measure AOP in community or institutional settings. The selected studies describe at least one psychometric property: reliability, validity, and responsiveness. Study participants represent the population of interest, including males and females aged 60 or older in community or institutional settings. Data Collection and Analysis: Two reviewers evaluated the screening of the selected studies' titles, abstracts, and full texts based on the preset selection criteria. Two reviewers assessed the quality of each study using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist and the overall quality of evidence for each psychometric property of the instrument against the updated COSMIN criteria of good measurement properties. Disagreements were resolved through consensus discussion or with assistance from a third reviewer. The overall quality of the measurement instrument was graded using a modified GRADE approach. Data extraction was performed using data extraction forms adapted from the COSMIN Guideline for Systematic Reviews of Outcome Measurement Instruments. The extracted data included information on the characteristics of included instruments (name, adaptation, language used, translation and country of origin), characteristics of the tested population, instrument development, psychometric properties listed in the COSMIN criteria, including details on content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, cross‐cultural validity/measurement invariance, reliability, measurement error, criterion validity, hypotheses testing for construct validity, responsiveness, and interoperability. All data were synthesised and summarised qualitatively, and no meta‐analysis was performed. Main Results: We found 15,200 potentially relevant records, of which 382 were screened in full text. A total of 114 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. Four studies reported on more than one instrument. The primary reasons for excluding studies were their focus on instruments used solely for screening and diagnostic purposes, those conducted in hospital settings, or those without evaluating psychometric properties. Eighty‐seven studies reported on 46 original instruments and 29 studies on 22 modified versions of an original instrument. The majority of the studies were conducted in community settings (97 studies) from the perspective of older adults (90 studies) and were conducted in high‐income countries (69 studies). Ninety‐five studies assessed multiple forms of abuse, ranging from 2 to 13 different subscales; four studies measured overall abuse and neglect among older adults, and 14 studies measured one specific type of abuse. Approximately one‐quarter of the included studies reported on the psychometric properties of the most frequently used measurement instruments: HS‐EAST (assessed in 11 studies), VASS‐12 items (in 9 studies), and CASE (in 9 studies). The instruments with the most evidence available in studies reporting on instrument development and content validity in all domains (relevance, comprehensiveness and comprehensibility) were the DEAQ, OAPAM, *RAAL‐31 items, *ICNH (Norwegian) and OAFEM. For other psychometric properties, instruments with the most evidence available in terms of the number of studies were the HS‐EAST (11 studies across 5 of 9 psychometric properties), CASE (9 studies across 6 of 9 psychometric properties), VASS‐12 items (9 studies across 5 of 9 psychometric properties) and GMS (5 studies across 4 of 9 psychometric properties). Based on the overall rating and quality of evidence, the psychometric properties of the AOP measurement instruments used for prevalence measurement in community and institutional settings were insufficient and of low quality. Authors' Conclusions: This review aimed to assess the overall rating and quality of evidence for instruments measuring AOP in the community and institutional settings. Our findings revealed various measurement instruments, with ratings and evidence quality predominantly indicating insufficiency and low quality. In summary, the psychometric properties of AOP measurement instruments have not been comprehensively investigated, and existing instruments lack sufficient evidence to support their validity and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To analyse and describe the trends concerning nurse–parent partnerships in South Korean research, presenting their implications in paediatric care and guiding future directions for partnership research. Design: A scoping review. Methods: The scoping review was conducted according to the framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. This review method consists of five stages: (1) identifying a research question, (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) selecting relevant studies, (4) charting the data extraction and (5) collating, summarizing and reporting the results. The studies reviewed were searched from electronic databases. Results: Thirty studies were analysed for general characteristics, type of research method and findings from quantitative and qualitative research. Among the quantitative research, factors associated with partnerships, such as self‐efficacy, quality of care and coping, were commonly associated with nurse–parent partnerships regardless of parent‐, child‐ and nurse‐related factors. The intervention methods included active parental participation and the development of educational materials. In the review of qualitative research, parents and paediatric nurses experienced that even when both groups occupied the same environment simultaneously, a disparity existed between the paediatric nurses' and parents' perceptions of their partnership experiences. Implications for the Profession: Strengthening nurse‐parent partnerships is crucial in improving health outcomes and quality of life for paediatric patients in South Korea. Effective collaboration, emphasizing mutual respect, effective communication, and shared decision‐making, is essential in paediatric nursing care. This requires ongoing research, including both parents and a multidisciplinary approach to build supportive relationships across various age groups. Recognizing parents as key members of the care team, with valuable insights and contributions, enhances care quality. Additionally, enhancing paediatric nurses' self‐efficacy, empowerment, and communication skills through continuous education is vital to improving parents' perceived quality of nursing. Partnership‐centred practices not only boost care quality but also fortify the bond between healthcare providers and families, promoting better health outcomes. No Patient or Public Contribution: This work did not incorporate patient or public contributions, as its methodology was centred on a scoping review approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The number of healthy older people is increasing, and most of them want to live in their own homes for as long as possible. Smart home technology can support living at home, but synthetised knowledge of previous studies about their suitability for the everyday lives of older people is rare. Methods: Data for this integrated review were obtained by searching the PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus databases from 2012 to 2019, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then carrying out quality appraisals of the papers that were selected. Results: We identified 944 papers, and 16 were included in the review. According to our analysis, smart home solutions for older people focused on devices for daily and healthy living and older people's safety. The smart home solutions they discussed were used to help older people carry out everyday activities and lead healthier and more fulfilled lives, by improving their physical safety and social communication. Older people reported that smart homes improved their sense of security, quality of daily life and activities and provided them with information about the care they could receive. However, research on older people playing an active role in developing smart home technology was lacking. Conclusion: The existing literature focused on evaluating daily activities with routine measurements. There has been a lack of research that has focused on older people's experiences as the end users of this technology. However, the papers lacked data on how older people could maintain their social relationships and become more proactive in daily living. Implications for practice: With further development, smart homes can be used to support older people to perform daily activities and help them maintain their social relationships. These steps will ensure that they can continue to live independently in their own homes for longer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stroke survivors might perceive their quality of life (QoL) as being affected even years after onset. The purpose of this review was to go through the literature to identify factors related to QoL for persons with stroke in China and Western countries for possible similarities and differences in their respective cultural views. Method: A narrative literature review was conducted on the papers identified by searching PubMed, EBSCO/CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data that published up to November 2016. Factors predicting QoL after stroke were extracted, and comparisons were made between Chinese and Western studies respecting cultural aspects. Results: A total of 43 articles were included in this review, with 31 conducted in Western countries and 12 in China. Predictors of QoL included Demographic factors: age, gender, marital status, education level, socioeconomic status; Clinically related factors: severity of stroke, physical function, depression/anxiety, cognitive impairment, incontinence and other comorbidities; Environmental factors: residential status, social support, social participation; and Individual factors: coping strategies and self‐perception. Being married and resident at home might be associated with the perception of QoL differently between Chinese and Western survivors. Conclusions: Most predictors of QoL in stroke survivors were the same in China and the Western countries. However, their QoL might be predicted differently regarding to the individualistic and collectivistic cultural differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this systematic review was to describe the association between adolescent sense of coherence ( SOC) and health and identify the future direction for research in this area. Systematic searches were conducted (2007-2014) in the PubMed, CINAHL, Psyc INFO and Cochrane electronic databases and carried out manual searches in three scientific journals. A total of 827 original papers were found and 23 were selected. Based on the results, adolescents' sense of coherence ( SOC) was related to health in terms of the adolescents' quality of life, health behaviour, mental health and family relationships by using 31 different health-related instruments. In conclusion, the use of the SOC approach for adolescents can provide a useful view of their health during this transition phase to adulthood. Due to the large variation in the additional instruments used, combining and comparing the results proved challenging. More comparative and longitudinal research is needed to increase understanding of adolescents' health in relation to SOC and develop services that support both elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Colorectal cancer is identified as a lifestyle‐related type of cancer. There is an increasing emphasis on lifestyle interventions targeting pivotal lifestyle factors such as excess weight, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet and physical inactivity as primary and tertiary prevention. Furthermore, modifying these lifestyle factors has the potential to improve quality of life for cancer patients. We aim to identify, appraise and synthesise the available evidence regarding the effect of combined lifestyle interventions on quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors. Methods: Pubmed, Ovid Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies reporting on quality of life in post‐treatment colorectal cancer patients. The systematic literature search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta‐analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Five articles reporting on 719 individual patients were included. Two studies reported significantly better results in (cancer‐specific) quality‐of‐life questionnaires for patients after combined lifestyle interventions. Conclusion: We conclude that there is some evidence that combined lifestyle interventions could have beneficial effects on the quality of life of colorectal cancer survivors. Future randomised controlled trials reporting on quality of life of combined lifestyle interventions in colorectal cancer survivors are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rates of physical activity decline throughout adolescence, and evidence indicates that this has an adverse impact on psychological health. This paper aims to synthesise available evidence for physical activity interventions on the mental health and well‐being of young people (11–19 years) from the general population. Method: Nine databases were searched to identify studies published between January 2005 and June 2020: Web of Science, ProQuest Psychology Journals, PsycINFO, Pub Med, ASSIA, CINHAL PLUS, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE and Wiley Online Library. Key search terms included 'physical activity intervention', 'mental health' and 'adolescen*'. Eligible studies were independently screened by two authors based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: Twenty‐eight interventions were narratively synthesised in four categories: Quality of Life (QOL), self‐esteem, psychological well‐being and psychological ill‐being (e.g. depression, stress). A large proportion (67.9%) of interventions were multicomponent and combined physical activity with other features such as health education (e.g. nutrition). However, only a limited number (N = 5) specifically addressed mental health. Findings suggest that interventions are useful in improving psychological well‐being and QOL, yet evidence for self‐esteem is mixed. Conclusions: Although effectiveness in improving well‐being is evident, evidence for a reduction in the frequency and severity of mental health problems is less clear. A summary of the overall impact of physical activity interventions on the mental health of young people is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim The first evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines and Principles of Care for People with Dementia in Australia have been released. The Guidelines detail a number of important evidence-based recommendations for occupational therapists. The aim of this paper is (1) to provide an overview of Guideline development, and (2) to describe the evidence supporting a recommendation for occupational therapy. Common characteristics of effective occupational therapy programmes for people with dementia are described. Methods Guideline development involved adaptation of existing high-quality guidelines developed overseas and 17 systematic reviews to ensure that the most recent high-quality evidence was included. One of the systematic reviews involved examining the evidence for interventions to promote independence in people with dementia. Specifically, we looked at the evidence for occupational therapy and its effect on activities of daily living, quality of life and carer impact. Results A total of 109 recommendations are included in the Guidelines. Occupational therapy was found to significantly increase independence in activities of daily living and improve quality of life. Effective occupational therapy programmes involve: environmental assessment, problem solving strategies, carer education and interactive carer skills training. Conclusion Occupational therapists working with people with dementia in community settings should ensure that their time is spent on those aspects of intervention that are shown to be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exercise training has become one of the most fundamental components of cardiac rehabilitation. This systematic review with meta-analyses has the objective to determine the effectiveness of exercise on selected cardiac rehabilitation outcomes, i.e. peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), hospitalization and quality of life (QOL) of patients with heart failure. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched up to May 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials comparing exercise training to usual care. Overall, 131 trials were included with a total of 9,761 patients, the majority of whom were males (74%), predominantly with reduced ejection fraction and NYHA class ranging from II to III. There was a significant improvement in VO2peak in the exercise group compared to non-exercise control group (mean difference: 2.98 mL/kg/ min, 95% CI: 2.52–3.43, p < 0.001; 84 RCTs, n = 3,690 patients). Exercise training was also beneficial for the patients' QOL. The QOL meta-analysis included 5,786 patients and showed a clinically significant improvement of QOL following exercise (−0.82, 95% CI: −1.02 to −0.62; p = 0.00001; I2 = 91%). Hospitalization incidence of heart failure patients was also lower in the exercise compared to control group (fixed-effect Odds Ratio: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.42–0.75, p < 0.0001; 26 trials, 4,664 participants). Exercise-based rehabilitation improves V02peak and QOL and reduces the incidence of hospitalization of heart failure patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study primarily focussed on the impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) care on wound healing and pain management in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). TKA is the critical surgical intervention aimed at improving the quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. While this procedure has been effective in enhancing mobility and life quality, postoperative phase, particularly wound healing, remains significant concern. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ERAS care protocols in promoting wound healing and reducing postoperative wound pain. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify studies focusing on wound healing and pain management in TKA patients under ERAS care. The systematic search employed various terms related to TKA, wound healing and ERAS. During the screening process, data relevant to wound healing outcomes were prioritized for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Using the R package 'meta', meta‐analysis was performed on a sample of 664 patients, divided into 349 in the intervention group (ERAS care) and 315 in the control. The results indicated significant enhancement in wound healing and reduction in postoperative wound pain among patients receiving ERAS care (risk ratio [RR] = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9152; 1.3929, p < 0.01). Additionally, pain score analysis across the studies revealed that the ERAS group consistently experienced less wound pain postoperatively compared with the control, with average of 0.1 point difference in pain scores indicating significantly less pain. Conclusively, our findings underscored the importance of implementing structured ERAS care protocols in TKA procedures. These protocols not only alleviated postoperative wound pain but also promoted effective wound healing, thereby potentially enhancing overall recovery and surgical outcomes for patients with knee osteoarthritis undergoing TKA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An often‐hidden element in healthcare students' education is the pedagogy of public involvement, yet public participation can result in deep learning for students with positive impacts on the public who participate. Objective: This article aimed to synthesize published literature reviews that described the impact of public participation in healthcare students' education. Search Strategy: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, ERIC, PsychINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects and the PROSPERO register for literature reviews on public participation in healthcare students' education. Inclusion Criteria: Reviews published in the last 10 years were included if they described patient or public participation in healthcare students' education and reported the impacts on students, the public, curricula or healthcare systems. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Data were extracted using a predesigned data extraction form and narratively synthesized. Main Results: Twenty reviews met our inclusion criteria reporting on outcomes related to students, the public, curriculum and future professional practice. Discussion and Conclusion: Our findings raise awareness of the benefits and challenges of public participation in healthcare students' education and may inform future research exploring how public participation can best be utilized in higher education. Patient or Public Contribution: This review was inspired by conversations with public healthcare consumers who saw value in public participation in healthcare students' education. Studies included involved public participants, providing a deeper understanding of the impacts of public participation in healthcare students' education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the impacts of oral health determinants (eg frequency of brushing < 2 day, poor life style and non‐white ethnicity) and clinical oral caries indices (eg Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT)) and periodontal disease) on Poor Quality of Life (PQoL) among PW. Methods: The search strategy was restricted to publications in English before 1 December 2019 in the PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science databases. We only included oral diseases considered as public health issues with a global burden. As a result, investigations reporting the frequency of brushing, poor lifestyle behaviours, non‐white ethnicity, DMFT scores and periodontal disease as an outcome were included. The two reviewers resolved any disagreements. Reviewers analysed the full texts, considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Also, a manual search of the reference lists was performed on all the selected studies. Results: In total, 11 publications were included in the meta‐analysis. Findings indicate a positive association between non‐white ethnicity and PQoL among PW. Among PW, those who had non‐white ethnicity were 1.43 times more likely to have PQoL (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.17, 1.70). A positive association between DMFT and poor QoL among PW was also observed. Those who has suffered DMFT were 1.4 times more likely to have poor QoL (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.24, 1.55). Conclusions: Results from this meta‐analysis support the need for behavioural interventions for improving oral hygiene in expectant mothers. This could help to decrease periodontal conditions and improve their oral and general life quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More and more research has started to investigate the effect of peritoneal dialysis treatment on the incidence of pericatheter wound complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This meta‐study evaluated the effect of emergency peritoneal dialysis (EPD) with conventional peritoneal dialysis (CPD) in patients with catheter‐related complications. We looked up 4 databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science, and analysed the data with RevMan 5. There were a total of 15 studies with 3034 participants. While the quality of the research included was fairly good, the evidence was mediocre. In the meta‐analyses, the risk of leak in the conduit with PD was very high (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.72, 3.59, p < 0.00001). However, for those treated with urgent medical method prior to initiation of PD, the risk for peritonitis, catheter dysfunction and bleeding was similar compared with CPD. Based on limited information, immediate initiation of PDs is advised in order to increase the quality of life for people in urgent need, except if there is no consideration for loss of fluid. The low quality of the evidence is holding up the evidence. This research, however, is also informative because of the large number of available data. Consequently, additional high quality, large, randomized controlled studies are required to establish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2012 the European Medicines Agency approved a pineapple stem‐derived Bromelain‐based debridement concentrate of proteolytic enzymes (NexoBrid®, MediWound Ltd, Yavne, Israel) for adult deep burns. Over 10 000 patients have been successfully treated with NexoBrid® globally, including in the US. The aim of our study is to perform a systematic review of the current literature on Nexobrid® outcomes. We conducted a literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and other search engines (2013–2023). The online screening process was performed by two independent reviewers with the Covidence tool. The protocol was reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses, and it was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews of the National Institute for Health Research. We identified 103 relevant studies of which 34 were found eligible. The included studies report the positive effects of Nexobrid® on burn debridement, functional and cosmetic outcomes, scarring, and quality of life. Also, they validate the high patient satisfaction thanks to enhanced protocols of analgosedation and/or locoregional anaesthesia during Bromelain‐based debridement. Two studies investigate potential risks (coagulopathy, burn wound infection) which concluded there is no strong evidence of these adverse events. NexoBrid® is a safe, selective, non‐surgical eschar removal treatment modality. The benefits of Bromelain‐based debridement are faster debridement and healing times, reduced operations, length of stay, cases of sepsis, blood transfusions, and prevention of compartment syndrome. Existing evidence suggests that the indications and the role of Bromelain‐based debridement are expanding to cover "off‐label" cases with significant benefits to the global healthcare economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To analyse the aspects involved in the care of individuals assessed as kidney transplant candidates and to identify the role of nurses in providing specialised care for this population. Design: Scoping review. The results were summarised using a narrative synthesis technique. Data Sources: A review of the literature published between 2001 and 2021 was conducted between October and November 2021 using PubMed, CINAHL and SciELO. Review Methods: The research team agreed on a search strategy based on clinical practice guidelines for assessing kidney transplantation candidates. Quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies published in peer‐reviewed journals in English, Spanish, French and Portuguese were included. Results: A total of 377 studies were identified, and 49 articles were included after the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The narrative synthesis was structured into four themes: Physical needs; Psychological and quality of life needs; Education and adherence needs; and Nurses' role. Conclusion: Nursing assessment of kidney transplantation candidates should encompass physical, psychosocial and adherence aspects. A variety of methodologies and resources are available for this assessment. Nurses contribute to coordinating access to kidney transplantation, aiming to improve adherence to an appropriate lifestyle to prevent patients from being excluded from kidney transplantation or suffering from kidney transplantation–related complications. Impact: Based on our findings, we managed to design a nursing care map for kidney transplantation candidates combining the main elements of nursing care that should be incorporated into this process. Advanced practice nursing professionals play a crucial role in accessing renal transplant care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nurses are at a high risk for short sleep duration and poor sleep quality due to irregular work schedules and high occupational stress. Considering the effect of nurses' sleep on the safety and health of themselves and their patients, it is important to promote healthy sleep for nurses. We sought to synthesize the published experimental and quasi‐experimental studies that address interventions to improve sleep in nurses. A systematic search was conducted for studies published in English up until May 15, 2023, using the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, and PsycINFO. In total, 38 articles were included, covering 22 experimental and 16 quasi‐experimental studies with sample sizes ranging from 9 to 207. Studies were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and considered as low to medium quality. Thirty‐six of the 38 studies reported positive findings for at least one sleep outcome. Intervention types included aroma therapy, dietary supplements, cognitive behavioral therapy, light therapy, mind‐body therapy, sleep education, exercise, napping, shift schedule modification, and multicomponent intervention, all of which showed moderate effectiveness in promoting sleep outcomes of nurses. Comparing and contrasting studies on specific interventions for improving sleep in nurses is sparse and often equivocal. With the variations of research methodology and outcome measures, it is difficult to make a conclusion about each intervention's effectiveness on specific sleep outcomes. Additional high‐quality research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed to evaluate strategies for improving sleep in this unique, safety‐sensitive occupational group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intensive care unit (ICU) survivors deal with long‐term health problems, which negatively affect their quality of life (QoL). Nutritional and exercise intervention could prevent the decline of muscle mass and physical functioning which occurs during critical illness. Despite the growing amount of research, robust evidence is lacking. Methods: For this systematic review, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched. The effect of protein provision (PP) or combined protein and exercise therapy (CPE) during or after ICU admission on QoL, physical functioning, muscle health, protein/energy intake and mortality was assessed compared to standard care. Results: Four thousand nine hundred and fifty‐seven records were identified. After screening, data were extracted for 15 articles (9 randomised controlled trials and 6 non‐randomised studies). Two studies reported improvements in muscle mass, of which one found higher independency in activities of daily living. No significant effect was found on QoL. Overall, protein targets were seldom met and often below recommendations. Conclusion: Evidence for the effect of PP or CPE on patient‐reported outcomes in ICU survivors is limited due to study heterogeneity and lack of high‐quality studies. Future research and clinical practice should focus on adequate protein delivery with exercise interventions to improve long‐term outcomes. Highlights: Combining protein provision (PP) with exercise therapy may attenuate loss of muscle loss and functioning in critical illness survivors.Due to study heterogeneity and a lack of high‐quality studies, sound evidence for the effect of PP or combined protein and exercise therapy is lacking.Interdisciplinary collaboration of intensive care unit professionals, dietitians and physical therapists is essential to improve nutritional status and patient‐reported outcomes after critical illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and poor oral health are inter‐related and their significant impact on each other is well established in the literature. Many systematic reviews and meta‐analyses have demonstrated a strong relationship between CKD and periodontitis, where periodontal treatment has shown potential in improving CKD outcomes. However, the quality of the studies and heterogeneity of the results show variation. The aim of this umbrella review was to review the quality of the current systematic reviews on the relationship between CKD and oral health with an emphasis on periodontal disease and to generate clinically relevant guidelines to maintain periodontal health in patients with CKD. This umbrella review was conducted and reported in alignment with the Joanna Briggs Institute and the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The review protocol was established prior to commencing the review and registered on JBI and PROSPERO (CRD42022335209). Search strings were established for PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Dentistry & Oral Science Source up to April 2022. All systematic reviews and meta‐analyses that considered the relationship between CKD and periodontitis or periodontal treatment were included. Of 371 studies identified through the systematic search, 18 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies assessed the relationship between oral health status and CKD with a focus on periodontitis and CKD, five reviewed the impact of periodontal treatment on CKD outcomes, two included both relationship and effectiveness of periodontal treatment and one qualitatively reviewed oral health‐related quality of life in patients with kidney failure. Findings indicate there is a bidirectional relationship between CKD and periodontal disease. In view of the heterogeneity of the existing literature on CKD and periodontal disease, specific recommendations for the management of periodontitis among patients with CKD are proposed for medical professionals, dental professionals, and aged care workers based on the evidence collated in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mindfulness interventions have been shown to ameliorate stress in support staff working with people with intellectual disabilities. This review aimed to explore what impact mindfulness interventions for staff have on their care and support behaviours, and on the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities receiving support. Method: A systematic search of PsycINFO, Web of Science, ASSIA, and PubMed identified nine studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Outcomes were collated and a quality assessment tool was used to inform the critical analysis of the studies. Results: Despite identified methodological issues, positive results were consistently reported. These included reduced use of restrictive practices by staff, increased positive interactions between staff and people with intellectual disabilities, and reduced aggression displayed by people with intellectual disabilities. Conclusions: Further research in this area is required; however, this review supports the benefits of mindfulness on staff behaviour and the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To summarize the omics results of symptomatic research that can help nurses identify intervention targets and design precision interventions for pain, mental health, cognitive impairment, sleep disorder, fatigue, lymphedema, and quality of life, so as to provide a comprehensive summary of help and inspire to precision nursing. Methods: CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. Retrieval time was from January 2012 to December 2021. Symptomatology research applying omics that can be used to guide nurses in designing targeted interventions was included. Results: Forty‐six studies were included in the final review. Symptomatology research that can be integrated with nursing science to develop precision nursing focused on pain, mental health, cognitive impairment, sleep disorder, fatigue, lymphedema, and quality of life. Most studies were related to cognitive impairment (n = 10; 21.74%), pain (n = 9; 19.57%), and mental health (n = 8; 17.39%). Moreover, the included studies involved various omics technologies, such as whole genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. Conclusion: The rapid development of various omic technologies promotes symptomatology research, which can help nurses fully understand the information of patients. Phenotypic characteristics and biomarkers shown in symptomatology research help nurses identify intervention targets and develop individualization interventions, so as to prevent and reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life. Implication for nursing and health policy: This scoping review is the first synthesis of all peer‐reviewed literature to summarize and provide important information and references from the omic results of symptomatology studies to develop precision nursing, highlighting the status and development of precision nursing. Nursing education policies should introduce the development and importance of precision nursing. Further research could consider investing more attention in precision nursing. Nursing researchers can carry out some studies applying omics technology to explore more biomarkers, helping guide the formulation of clinical intervention for symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To synthesise and critically appraise the quality of existing evidence about the effects of yoga on physical and psychological outcomes among older adults. Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Participants: Participants aged 60 and above. Measurements: Nine English and two Chinese electronic bibliographic databases, including MEDLINE OvidSP, PsycINFO, AMED, EMBASE, Global Health, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Hyread and WanFang databases, were searched. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) of yoga on physical and psychological outcomes among older adults were included. Meta‐analysis was conducted for outcomes studied in three or more studies, otherwise narrative synthesis was performed. Results: Fifteen studies were included for review. The results of meta‐analysis after sensitivity analysis showed that yoga significantly improved balance (SMD = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.48–1.14, p <.001, II2 = 59%), flexibility (SMD = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.07–0.68, p =.020, II2 34%), muscle strength (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.18–0.79, p =.002, I2 43%) and depressive symptoms (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.09–0.91, p =.01, I2 0%). There was insufficient data for meta‐analysis on gait and other psychological outcomes. Narrative synthesis suggested that yoga has positive effects on reducing anxiety, but its effects on improving gait and reducing stress among older adults were inconclusive. Conclusion: The results of this review supported the beneficial effects of yoga on physical outcomes among older adults, but the heterogeneity across studies was relatively high. Evidence related to the effect on psychological outcomes was limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A category of symptoms that became characteristic early in the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic was chemosensory dysfunctions (alterations of smell and taste). Such symptoms substantially affect food and eating—cornerstones for both nutrition‐related health outcomes and for quality of life. Based on this, this scoping review aimed to map out existing scientific literature on food‐related experiences and related behavioral responses among people affected by chemosensory dysfunctions following COVID‐19. A librarian‐supported search of PsycInfo, PubMed, and Scopus for publications written in English (2020 to April 26, 2022) was conducted. Two authors searched for and screened publications and three others extracted and collated data. These are reported following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Of 1169 hits, 9 publications were included in the review. The results are thematized as "Psychological and social aspects" and "Nutritional aspects," each with the subsections "Experiences" and "Behavioral responses." A great variety of food‐related problems, nutritional and mental health effects, and implications for social life are identified. People affected by chemosensory dysfunctions following COVID‐19 suffer, as evident both in stories from qualitative studies and in measurements of quality of life. The results impact all professions who are and may come to be involved in treating these patients, such as nurses, physicians, dietitians, and psychologists. With more knowledge about the dysfunctions' manifestation, duration, and impact on everyday life, multiprofessional teams need to collaborate in supporting patients medically, psychosocially, and nutritionally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The management of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) requires a comprehensive approach that considers multiple factors, including the impact of oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL). Through this investigation we aim to assess the impact of OHRQoL played in a TMD‐afflicted individual. Methods: Using keywords relevant to our research, such as "Oral health related quality of life," "Oral hygiene," "Temporomandibular joint" and "Temporomandibular disorders," a comprehensive search across multiple online databases was carried out, yielding a total of 632 studies at the preliminary stage of the review. Modified New Castle Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of studies included. Results: Eight studies were included in the review, out of which six were eligible for further meta‐analysis. The studies included in this review employed various OHRQoL measures, including the Oral Health Impact Profile—14 (OHIP—14), the Short‐Form 36 Health Survey (SF‐36) and the OHIP‐ 49. All the studies demonstrated significant effect of TMDs on the OHRQoL of the target population under study. Conclusion: The impact of OHRQoL on the management of TMD was deemed to be significant. The comprehensive management of TMD should consider the impact of the condition on the individual's daily life and incorporate interventions that address both the physical and psychological aspects of the condition. By improving OqL, individuals with TMD can experience improved overall well‐being and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical distancing and contact restrictions have been implemented in most countries and territories due to the rapid spread of SARS‐CoV‐2. This has caused physical, emotional, and psychological distress for adults living in the community. Diversified telehealth interventions have been widely applied in health care and have proven to be cost‐effective and well accepted by patients and health professionals. Currently, the effectiveness of telehealth interventions on psychological outcomes and quality of life among community adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic remains unclear. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library from 2019 to October 2022. Twenty‐five randomized controlled trials with 3228 subjects were finally included in this review. Two independent reviewers performed the screening, extraction of key data points, and appraisal of the methodological quality. There were positive effects of telehealth interventions on anxiety, stress, loneliness, and well‐being among community adults. Participants who were women or older adults were more likely to recover from negative emotions, increase well‐being, and improve quality of life. The real‐time and interactive interventions and remote cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) may be better choices during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Based on the findings of this review, health professionals have more options and alternatives for delivering telehealth interventions in the future. Rigorously designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with higher statistical power and long‐term follow‐up should be conducted in the future to strengthen the currently weak evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to identify interventions to promote mobility that has an impact on the quality of life of people living in nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Design: The design of the study was a systematic review. Methods: The search was performed in September 2021 in the databases PubMed, Epistemonikos and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 2010 and 2021 in the German or English language. Results: Four studies identified improvements in mobility and quality of life. Nine of the ten included studies showed impacts of the interventions on different mobility variables. Heterogeneous variables and instruments were used to assess quality of life and, in particular, mobility, which made it difficult to compare the results of the studies. Approximately 50% of the identified studies had small sample sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To answer the following PICOS question: "In patients with peri‐implantitis, what is the efficacy of surgical therapy with adjunctive systemic or local antimicrobials, in comparison with surgical therapy alone, in terms of pocket probing depth reduction, as assessed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with at least 6 months of follow‐up?" Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted. Reduction in mean probing pocket depth (PPD) was the primary outcome. Secondary clinical outcomes were changes in suppuration (%), changes in bleeding on probing (BOP) (%), marginal bone level changes (mm), disease resolution (%), and implant/prosthesis loss (%). Patient‐reported outcome measures, possible adverse effects, and oral‐health‐related quality of life were also extracted if such data were available. Results: Four RCTs assessing the use of locally (two RCTs) and systemically (two RCTs) administered antimicrobial adjuncts to surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis, with 6–36‐month follow‐up, were included. Because of the substantial heterogeneity of interventions between the studies, meta‐analysis could not be performed. A reduction in the mean PPD was observed following all the involved surgical treatments, irrespective of the addition of antimicrobials. Except for the effect of systemic antimicrobials on marginal bone level changes and local antimicrobials on BOP, the effect of systemic and local antimicrobials was equivocal for all secondary outcome measures. Conclusions: Based on the limited available evidence, the adjunctive use of the currently tested systemic or local antimicrobials during surgical therapy, in comparison with surgical therapy alone, in patients with peri‐implantitis does not seem to improve the clinical efficacy. With regard the use of systemic antimicrobials, only 50% of the cases showed disease resolution after 1 year. There is a lack of studies that consider the sole use of local antimicrobials. Therefore, their true effect remains unclear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]