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The article reports on sampling problems in trade statistics in the field of marketing. The author focuses on the success rate and reliability of patented sampling techniques utilized by the U.S. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Government sampling techniques relevant to the retail and wholesale trade are criticized. A case study focusing on grocery wholesales located in the U.S. is discussed in relation to the 1935 Census of Distribution. Applications of the Chi Square test are also examined.

The article presents a study which offers further consideration on the interest of gifted students, particularly the collegiate freshmen with education majors in the U.S. A combination of two freshman classes in a Midwestern state teachers college is implemented to have a population of almost 2,000. The classes comprise of highly-talented and less-talented students. A chi-square value of 0.321 was used to test the results of the study. The results indicate that gifted students possess a greater range of interests than the less-gifted.

The usefulness of the Registrar General's Classification of Occupations is discussed from the standpoint of research on ageing. Table 2 of the Registrar General's Occupational Tables is reanalysed to determine the validity of making generalisations on the basis of this classification. It was found that only a few of these generalisations could be made with any validity A new classification is called for and some promising approaches are indicated. A simple method of treating the Occupational Tables is proposed as an aid to rapid comparisons between occupations. The method minimises confusion engendered both by the way data are presented and by underlying demographic trends. Age curves, showing the age structure, are plotted for three occupations and the usefulness of these curves in predicting likely problem areas are demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article the authors described a method of testing relative merits of area and quota sampling by drawing various samples from a known universe, which is made up of records based on a house-to-house survey in Iowa City. Stratification simply means dividing the universe into groups which are presumed to be more homogeneous than the entire universe. This is merely a technique for the reduction of the variance of a sample estimate. The differentiation between quota and area samples is made by the way the respondents are selected within strata, not through the presence of strata or their choice. A statistical method, chi-square test was developed by Karl Pearson to test the hypothesis that an observed distribution is a random sample from a proposed universe. The hypothesis is rejected when the probability of securing a value of chi-square as large as, or larger than, the value obtained is small, usually less than 5 percent. It can be seen from the given formula that chi-square is defined in absolute frequencies, not relative frequencies.

Explores the use of statistical tests for decision-making in regional geographical construction in the United States. Chi square; Variance analysis; Relationship between regional constructs and the areal dispersion of selected traits within regional frames.