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2. Special Aspects of Stress–Strain Analysis of Combined Piled-Raft Foundation Under Performance Static and Cyclic Loading
- Author
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Talgatovich, Mirsayapov Ilizar, Ilgamovich, Garaev Almaz, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, and Vatin, Nikolai, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Load-Bearing Capacity of Raft-Pile Foundations, Taking into Account the Redistribution of Forces Between Piles During Cyclic Loading
- Author
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Mirsayapov, Ilizar, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, and Vatin, Nikolai, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Numerical Investigation of Dynamic Stress Distribution in a Railway Embankment Reinforced by Geogrid Based Weak Soil Formation Using Hybrid RNN-EHO
- Author
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Balasubramani, M. A., Venkatakrishnaiah, R., Raju, K. V. B., Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Rajagopal, Sridaran, editor, Faruki, Parvez, editor, and Popat, Kalpesh, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Additional Settlement of the Raft-Pile Foundation, Taking into Account the Deformations of the Pile Under Cyclic Loading
- Author
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Mirsayapov, Ilizar, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, and Vatin, Nikolai, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Experimental and numerical settlement analysis of railway track over geogrid reinforced ballast
- Author
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Fattah, Mohammed Y., Mahmood, Mahmood R., and Aswad, Mohammed F.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Experimental and numerical study of the settlement behavior of soil reinforced by stone columns
- Author
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Hadri, Soumaya, Rehab Bekkouche, Souhila, and Messast, Salah
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Limiting the damage to historic buildings due to tunnelling: experience at the Mansion House, London
- Author
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Hellings, J. E., Arthur, L. J., Darby, A. W., Rafoneke, B., Daws, Graham, MacDonald, Dan, Innaurato, Nicola, Mancini, Renato, Rondena, Enrico, Zaninetti, Attilio, Coutts, A. W. P., Davies, H. R., Curtis, R. S., Finch, A. P., Lovat, R. P., Deane, A. P., Burgess, K. T., Knights, M. C., Oswell, M. A., Farmer, I. W., Mak, B. W. L., Morfeldt, Daniel, Martin, C. J. H., Pakes, G., Finnsson, Sigurdur, Janzon, H. A., Laughton, C., Nelson, P. P., Abd Al-Jalil, Y., Remington, R., Caspe, H. P., Kim, A. Y., Bergen, L. J., Araujo, J. R., Harpf, Richard, Axhausen, Klaus, Hellings, J. E., Mair, R. J., Harris, D. I., Love, J. P., Blakey, D., Kettle, C., New, B. M., Bowers, K. H., Aarvold, Vidar, Chudleigh, I. L. J., Webb, N. S., Featherstone, G. A., Bandmann, Manfred, Ramisch, H., Beckmann, Uwe, Cole, B. J., Lees, H. J., Dietz, Walter, Fawcett, D. F., Chapman, P. J., Barratt, D. A., O’Reilly, M. P., Temporal, John, Baston-Pitt, Jon, Fredriksen, F. J., Aabøe, Roald, Hasle, G. J., Hobson, D. A., Gilchrist, D. C., Jancsecz, Sandor, Steiner, Walter, Farrow, J. P., Claye, P. M., Warren, R. B., Ginary, M. A., Matthews, R., Kruizenga, H., Weeks, C. R., Winterton, T. R., Leblais, Y., Leblond, L., Malios, Yannis, Peron, J. Y., Marcheselli, P., Catling, P., Scholey, J., Murray, A. D., Marrai, Bruno, Davies, P. G., Tibau, Guilherme, Gutenwik, Erik, Santana, Maurício, Pellegri, Pierre Jean, Fowell, R. J., Richardson, G., Gollick, M. J., Beatty, J. G., Ganey, R. J., and Killingsworth, J. E.
- Published
- 1994
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9. Compensation grouting to limit settlements during tunnelling at Waterloo Station, London
- Author
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Mair, R. J., Harris, D. I., Love, J. P., Blakey, D., Kettle, C., Arthur, L. J., Darby, A. W., Rafoneke, B., Daws, Graham, MacDonald, Dan, Innaurato, Nicola, Mancini, Renato, Rondena, Enrico, Zaninetti, Attilio, Coutts, A. W. P., Davies, H. R., Curtis, R. S., Finch, A. P., Lovat, R. P., Deane, A. P., Burgess, K. T., Knights, M. C., Oswell, M. A., Farmer, I. W., Mak, B. W. L., Morfeldt, Daniel, Martin, C. J. H., Pakes, G., Finnsson, Sigurdur, Janzon, H. A., Laughton, C., Nelson, P. P., Abd Al-Jalil, Y., Remington, R., Caspe, H. P., Kim, A. Y., Bergen, L. J., Araujo, J. R., Harpf, Richard, Axhausen, Klaus, Hellings, J. E., Mair, R. J., Harris, D. I., Love, J. P., Blakey, D., Kettle, C., New, B. M., Bowers, K. H., Aarvold, Vidar, Chudleigh, I. L. J., Webb, N. S., Featherstone, G. A., Bandmann, Manfred, Ramisch, H., Beckmann, Uwe, Cole, B. J., Lees, H. J., Dietz, Walter, Fawcett, D. F., Chapman, P. J., Barratt, D. A., O’Reilly, M. P., Temporal, John, Baston-Pitt, Jon, Fredriksen, F. J., Aabøe, Roald, Hasle, G. J., Hobson, D. A., Gilchrist, D. C., Jancsecz, Sandor, Steiner, Walter, Farrow, J. P., Claye, P. M., Warren, R. B., Ginary, M. A., Matthews, R., Kruizenga, H., Weeks, C. R., Winterton, T. R., Leblais, Y., Leblond, L., Malios, Yannis, Peron, J. Y., Marcheselli, P., Catling, P., Scholey, J., Murray, A. D., Marrai, Bruno, Davies, P. G., Tibau, Guilherme, Gutenwik, Erik, Santana, Maurício, Pellegri, Pierre Jean, Fowell, R. J., Richardson, G., Gollick, M. J., Beatty, J. G., Ganey, R. J., and Killingsworth, J. E.
- Published
- 1994
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10. Heathrow Terminal 5 Excavation Archive (Data Paper)
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Framework Archaeology
- Subjects
Framework Archaeology ,excavation archive ,Oxford Archaeology ,Wessex Archaeology ,mesolithic ,neolithic ,settlement ,enclosure ,ceremonial ,field boundary ,iron age ,Anglo-Saxon ,Medieval ,Roundhouses ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
Framework Archaeology is a Joint Venture agreement between Oxford Archaeology (OA) and Wessex Archaeology (WA) to provide archaeological services to BAA (formerly British Airports Authority, now Heathrow Airport Holdings Ltd). Given the potential scale of some of BAA's projects, the joint venture enables Framework Archaeology to draw on the full resources of both OA and WA, including site staff, specialist managers, administrative support, and technical facilities. In 1993, BAA plc and Heathrow Airport Limited submitted a joint planning application to develop an additional passenger terminal complex (Terminal 5), together with the provision of aircraft aprons and taxiways, and include the realignment of rivers and landscaping. The resulting archaeological excavations were undertaken as three main phases of work. Excavations in 1996 by the Museum of London Archaeology Service of approximately 4 ha of sludge stockpile areas (site code POK96). Between 1999-2000 Framework Archaeology excavated approximately 21 ha in the Perry Oaks sludge works and adjacent areas (WPR98). Framework Archaeology also undertook excavations between 2002-2007 as part of the construction of Terminal 5 (PSH02, TEC05) covering a further 50 hectares. Importantly the aim of the Terminal 5 archaeological programme was to move beyond the description and recovery of archaeological remains and to arrive at an understanding of the history of human inhabitation and the practical ways in which people established their presence in the material, social and political conditions of their day.
- Published
- 2014
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11. The Search for Eden: Paper Towns That Never Were.
- Author
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Nieman, Thomas
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URBAN planning ,CITIES & towns ,LANDSCAPES ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,OPPRESSION ,EXPLOITATION of humans ,LAND tenure - Abstract
The pursuit of happiness as an issue in planning for towns in trans-Appalachian America was a prime requisite. It is the intent of this paper to illustrate that, while many of the towns were paper towns that were never actualised, they acted as a catalyst for immigrants seeking to escape the oppression of Europe. Visualised as a new Eden, and promising land ownership with liberty, they were an opiate so strong that even with numerous instances of fraud and deceit the settlers came. Their belief that they had indeed arrived at Eden was so strong that it transcended any and all difficulties. This belief has influenced the planning and development of towns in America up to and including modern times. As long as people believe that their living situation is what is meant for them, their pursuit of happiness is satisfied. They have found their Eden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
12. ‘Feeble Pen and Paper’? The Personal Correspondence and Epistolary Practices of Scottish Migrants
- Author
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Bueltmann, Tanja, author
- Published
- 2011
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13. Addition of Al and Fe salts during treatment of paper mill effluents to improve activated sludge settlement characteristics
- Author
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Agridiotis, V., Forster, C.F., and Carliell-Marquet, C.
- Subjects
- *
FERROUS sulfate , *ALUMINUM chloride , *PAPER mills , *SEWAGE sludge - Abstract
Abstract: Metal salts, ferrous sulphate and aluminium chloride, were added to laboratory-scale activated sludge plant treating paper mill effluents to investigate the effect on settlement characteristics. Before treatment the sludge was filamentous, had stirred sludge volume index (SSVI) values in excess of 300 and was moderately hydrophobic. The use of FeSO4 ·7H2O took three weeks to reduce the SSVI to 90. Microscopic examination showed that Fe had converted the filamentous flocs into a compact structure. When the iron dosing was stopped, the sludge returned to its bulking state within four weeks. In a subsequent trial, the addition of AlCl3 initially resulted in an improvement of the settlement index but then caused deterioration of the sludge properties. It is possible that aluminium was overdosed and caused charge reversal, increasing the SSVI. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
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14. “So many things were new to us”: identifying the settlement information practices of newcomers to Canada across the settlement process
- Author
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Allard, Danielle
- Published
- 2022
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15. An examination of the surface characteristics of activated sludge in relation to bulking during the treatment of paper mill wastewater.
- Author
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Agridiotis, V., Forster, C. F., Balavoine, C., Wolter, C., and Carliell-Marquet, C.
- Subjects
ACTIVATED sludge process ,SLUDGE bulking ,INDUSTRIAL wastes ,PAPER mills ,TALC - Abstract
The addition of mineral talc, Aquatal
® (Toulouse, France), to activated sludge treating paper mill effluents and its effect on settlement characteristics has been investigated. One laboratory study and a full-scale investigation on a large waste water treatment plant (WWTP) with a capacity of 500.000 population equivalent (p.e.) have been carried out using this mineral. The sludge in the full-scale plant was filamentous and had specific sludge volume index (SSVI) values in excess of 250. The talc dosing which was adapted to sludge settleability reduced SSVI values by 38%, improved the total suspended solids' concentrations by 86% and reduced the specific sludge load by 34%. In the laboratory-scale plant, the sludge had SSVI values of 200–260 before treatment and was hydrophilic. The use of Aquatal® at a dose of 0.7 g/g mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) took 2 weeks to reduce the SSVI to 78. It also increased the hydrophobicity to a balanced 50%. The use of mineral converted the somewhat diffuse flocs into a compact structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Numerical investigation on pile group efficiency embedded in soft clay
- Author
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Ferchat, Abdelkrim, Houhou, Mohamed Nabil, and Benmebarek, Sadok
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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17. Arctic humanitarianism for post-disaster settlement and shelter
- Author
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Kelman, Ilan
- Published
- 2020
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18. Bulking in activated sludge plants treating paper mill wastewaters
- Author
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Thompson, Gillian and Forster, Christopher
- Subjects
- *
INDUSTRIAL wastes , *SLUDGE management - Abstract
As part of a larger project to examine the causes of bulking in activated sludge plants treating wastewaters from paper mills, two laboratory-scale activated sludge plants were run in parallel. This was to evaluate the impact of variable environmental and operational parameters on the sludge ecology, and in particular, on the filamentous bacteria in the sludge. A survey of paper mills in the UK showed that there was a significant difference between the activated sludge plants at the paper mills using virgin fibre and those using recycled fibre. An examination of samples from activated sludge plants at the paper mills showed that there did not appear to be any significant correlation between filament abundance and the settlement characteristics as measured by stirred specific volume index (SSVI). The surface charge carried by the sludge particles was also measured and it was found that this parameter was better related to the SSVI. Similar results were found for samples from the laboratory plants. Seven different sets of operational conditions were applied to the laboratory-scale plants. These were aimed at simulating the conditions noted for the full-scale plants during the mill survey. The effects of low dissolved oxygen and low organic loading rates were examined. The effect of inorganic sulphur compounds and volatile fatty acids was studied. A change in raw material from virgin fibre to recycled fibre (corrugated paper) caused an immediate and continuous deterioration in settlement. Divalent cations, calcium and magnesium, were found to be successful in controlling settlement in the final clarifier. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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19. Blockchain and contract theory: modeling smart contracts using insurance markets
- Author
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Sheth, Alpen and Subramanian, Hemang
- Published
- 2020
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20. Application of fuzzy DEMATEL–ANP methods for siting refugee camps
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Abikova, Jana
- Published
- 2020
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21. Blockchain systems for trade clearing
- Author
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Tsai, Wei-Tek, Luo, Yong, Deng, Enyan, Zhao, Jing, Ding, Xiaoqiang, Li, Jie, and Yuan, Bo
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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22. Buildings with Freestanding Munamochibashira and Ancestor Ritual (Research Papers I The Settlement Theory of the Yayoi Period)
- Subjects
祖霊祭祀 ,Freestanding Munamochibashira ,Settlement ,Han dynasty culture ,弥生時代 ,方形周溝墓 ,Rectangular shaped tomb ,集落 ,漢文化 ,Yayoi period ,独立棟持柱建物 ,Ancestor ritual - Abstract
独立棟持柱建物は,Ⅰ類)居住域に伴う場合と,Ⅱ類)墓域に伴う場合がある。Ⅰ類にはA類)竪穴住居と混在する,B類)特定の場所を占める,C類)区画に伴う,という三つのパターンがある。A類からC類への流れは,共同体的施設から首長居館の施設への変貌を示すもので,古墳時代へと溝や塀で囲まれ秘儀的性格を強めて首長に独占されていった。弥生土器などの絵画に描かれた独立棟持柱建物の特殊な装飾,柱穴などから出土した遺物からすると,この種の建物に祭殿としての役割があったことは間違いない。問題は祭儀の内容だが,Ⅱ類にそれを解く手がかりがある。北部九州地方では,弥生中期初頭から宗廟的性格をもつ大型建物が墓域に伴う。中期後半になると,楽浪郡を通じた漢文化の影響により,大型建物は王権形成に不可欠な祖霊祭祀の役割を強めた。福岡県平原遺跡1号墓は,墓坑上に祖霊祭祀のための独立棟持柱建物がある。建物は本州・四国型であるので,近畿地方から導入されたと考えられる。したがって,近畿地方の独立棟持柱建物には,祖霊祭祀の施設としての役割があったとみなせる。ところが,近畿地方でこの種の建物は墓に伴わない。近畿地方では祖霊を居住域の独立棟持柱建物に招いて祭ったのであり,王権の形成が未熟な弥生中期の近畿地方では,墳墓で祖霊を祭ることはなかった。しかし,弥生後期終末の奈良県ホケノ山墳丘墓の墓坑上には独立棟持柱建物が建っている。畿内地方の王権形成期に,北部九州からいわば逆輸入されたのである。南関東地方のこの種の建物も祖霊祭祀の役割をもつが,それは在地の伝統を引いていた。独立棟持柱建物の役割の一つは祖霊祭祀であるという点で共通している一方,その系譜や展開は縄文文化の伝統,漢文化との関係,王権の位相などに応じて三地域で三様だった。, In buildings with freestanding munamochibashira (gable end ridge-bearing pillars), the munamochibashira supporting the ridge in the center of the roof are hottatebashira (earthfast posts) situated some distance from the gable side. Up until Middle Yayoi, these buildings were communal in character, but in late Yayoi and the beginning of the Kofun period they were enclosed by trenches or walls, had a secretive aspect and were used exclusively by chiefs. Based on special decorations of these buildings in pictures incised on Yayoi pottery as well as relics excavated from post holes, it would appear that this type of building served as a shrine.Since in northern Kyushu large buildings where ancestors were worshipped were found along with burial precincts in early Middle Yayoi, we know that from early on rites for the spirits of ancestors were held in these large buildings adjoining cemeteries. In the No.1 tomb at the Hirabaru Site in Fukuoka Prefecture there is a building for ancestor ritual with freestanding munamochibashira on top of the burial chamber. Since the building is in the Honshu and Shikoku style, it follows that it was introduced from the Kinki region. We may assume, therefore, that buildings with freestanding munamochibashira in the Kinki region were used for ancestor ritual.However, this type of building found in the Kinki region is not found alongside burial precincts. In this region, people worshipped their ancestors in buildings with freestanding munamochibashira located within inhabited zones. Nonetheless, at the Mount Hokeno tumulus in Nara Prefecture dating from the end of Late Yayoi, there is a building with freestanding munamochibashira on top of a burial chamber, which was introduced from northern Kyushu at the time of the establishment of imperial authority in the Kinai region. In southern Kanto this type of building also performed a similar role, although it inherited local traditions. Although buildings with freestanding munamochibashira have the role of ancestor ritual in common, their development differed in each of the three regions.
- Published
- 2009
23. The Polish Bank Insolvency Regime : Issues and Assumption Paper for the Design of an Upgraded Bank Resolution Framework
- Author
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Pollner, John D.
- Subjects
STATE BANK ,ADMINISTRATIVE POWERS ,SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS ,FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION ,ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ,DEPOSIT ,LIQUIDATION ,SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS ,DISTRESSED BANKS ,ADEQUATE LEGAL PROTECTION ,ESTATE ,LIQUIDATION OF ASSETS ,IMMINENT INSOLVENCY ,NUMBER OF BANK ,COMMERCIAL INSOLVENCY LAW ,DEPOSIT INSURANCE ,LIQUIDATIONS ,BANK LIABILITIES ,OFF BALANCE SHEET ,CORPORATE INSOLVENCY PROCEEDING ,INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ,CREDITOR CLASSES ,FINANCIAL MARKET ,MORAL HAZARD ,TYPES OF DEBT ,GOOD FAITH ,ASSUMPTION TRANSACTIONS ,REORGANIZATION ,VOLUNTARY LIQUIDATIONS ,ASSET VALUES ,DEPOSITS ,DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND ,CREDITORS ,ORDINARY BANKRUPTCY ,PUBLIC SERVICES ,PERSONAL LIABILITY ,SYSTEMIC RISK ,ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS ,SETTLEMENTS ,MANDATE ,PROPERTY RIGHTS ,CORPORATE INSOLVENCY FRAMEWORK ,PROCEDURES FOR INSOLVENCY ,ASSET MANAGEMENT ,BALANCE SHEET ,BANK INSOLVENCY REGIMES ,FOREIGN BANKS ,DEPOSIT INSURANCE SCHEMES ,ASSUMPTION OF LIABILITIES ,INTEREST RATES ,BANK RUN ,JUDGES ,CLAIM ,FINANCIAL SERVICES ,INSOLVENCY FRAMEWORKS ,ASSET SALES ,PROFITABILITY ,CONTRACTUAL ARRANGEMENTS ,BANK FAILURE ,LAST RESORT ,PURCHASE AND ASSUMPTION TRANSACTIONS ,DECLARATION OF BANKRUPTCY ,FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE ,AUDITS ,BANKRUPTCY ,COOPERATIVE BANKS ,LIQUIDATION STAGE ,BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS ,CONSOLIDATION ,JUDICIARY ,MARKET PARTICIPANTS ,DERIVATIVES ,NEW LEGAL FRAMEWORK ,PRIVILEGED CREDITOR ,REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ,FINANCIAL SYSTEM ,LIABILITY ,DEPOSIT INSURANCE AGENCIES ,FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ,COURT PROCEEDINGS ,BANKRUPTCY CASES ,WINDING UP ,BANKS ,COOPERATIVE BANKING SECTOR ,BANK RESTRUCTURING ,CAPITAL INJECTIONS ,REORGANIZATION PLANS ,LOAN ,JUDICIAL POWERS ,NONPERFORMING LOANS ,LEGAL FRAMEWORKS ,CENTRAL BANKS ,SUBSIDIARY ,BANK INSOLVENCY ,CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIPS ,ASSET VALUE ,SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES ,BALANCE SHEET INSOLVENT ,DEPOSIT INSURANCE AGENCY ,ILLIQUIDITY ,LAWS ,FINANCIAL CONTRACTS ,FINANCIAL STRUCTURE ,BANKING LAWS ,DEPOSITORS ,JUDICIAL AUTHORITIES ,PRESENT VALUE ,ACCOUNTABILITY ,COMMERCIAL INSOLVENCY ,BANKRUPTCY PETITION ,COOPERATIVE BANKING ,COMPETITOR BANKS ,BANKING SYSTEM ,RECEIVERSHIP ,BANKING SUPERVISION ,BOOK VALUE ,CREDITOR ,DEBT OBLIGATION ,TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ,REORGANIZATION PROCEEDINGS ,RECEIVER ,REGULATORY FORBEARANCE ,PARTIAL TRANSFERS ,INSOLVENCY PROCEDURE ,TIER 1 CAPITAL ,ARRANGEMENT WITH CREDITORS ,BANKING LAW ,LIQUIDATION PROCEDURES ,DEBTOR ,AUDITING ,BANK INSOLVENCY FRAMEWORK ,BANK INSOLVENCY REGIME ,LIQUIDATOR ,FORMAL BANKRUPTCY ,CORPORATE INSOLVENCY ,SETTLEMENT ,DEPOSITOR ,BANK LIQUIDATION ,CREDIT INSTITUTIONS ,SUBORDINATED DEBT ,GUARANTEE FUND ,CLAIMANTS ,FEATURES OF INSOLVENCY LAW ,DEPOSIT GUARANTEE ,GOING CONCERN ,FINANCIAL REGULATION ,REHABILITATION PLANS ,LOAN LOSS PROVISIONS ,BANKRUPTCIES ,IMPAIRED ASSETS ,FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ,MARKET VALUE ,OPERATIONAL RISKS ,REGULATORY REPORTS ,DEBT ,NUMBER OF CREDITORS ,BANKING SECTOR ,VALUE OF ASSETS ,CREDITOR CLAIMS ,ASSET RATIO ,BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES ,CAPITAL ADEQUACY ,MARKET DISCIPLINE ,JURISDICTIONS ,INSUFFICIENT FUNDS ,TRADITIONAL BANKRUPTCY ,BALANCE-SHEET INSOLVENT ,SUPERVISORY POWERS ,COMMERCIAL INSOLVENCY LAWS ,GOING CONCERN VALUE ,CREDIBILITY ,CIVIL PROCEDURE ,LEGAL PROTECTION ,PUBLIC FUNDS ,BANK INSOLVENCIES ,INSURED DEPOSITS ,ACCOUNTING ,BANKING AUTHORITY ,SALARY ,SOLVENT BANKS ,FINANCIAL INDICATORS ,WRITE OFFS ,FINANCIAL STABILITY ,CORPORATE INSOLVENCY LAW ,RECAPITALIZATION ,FINANCIAL INSTITUTION ,LEGAL REFORM ,ACCESS TO CREDIT ,PRIORITY OF CREDITOR ,ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS ,LEGISLATION ,OPEN BANK ,COMMERCIAL BANKS ,SALES OF ASSETS ,DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUNDS ,ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANIES ,LOAN ASSETS ,SALARIES ,SUPERVISORY ACTION ,LEGAL FRAMEWORK ,BENEFIT OF CREDITORS ,TRUSTEE ,PAYMENT OF CLAIMS ,SUBSIDIARIES ,FINANCIAL REPORTING ,BANK CREDITORS ,BANKRUPTCY LAW - Abstract
The bank insolvency framework in Poland should be modernized to ensure financial stability, maintain the continuity of critical functions in the banking system, and protect depositors and creditors, while assigning losses according to a pre-established creditor hierarchy. Several country experiences in Europe and elsewhere have demonstrated the effectiveness of new bank resolution measures by the European commission. A key aspect of the resolution process is for the authorities to swiftly assess and revalue the balance sheet of the intervened bank. Other particularities of modern resolution procedures relate to maintaining the integrity of secured financial contracts to prevent disruptions in financial market transactions including in payments and settlements systems. The treatment of systemically important institutions should rely on extraordinary resolution tools which are necessary if a bank is too large to be purchased or for its liabilities to be readily assumed. The purpose of this paper is thus to describe and recommend new features that can be added to strengthen the Polish legislation for handling commercial bank insolvencies. The paper focuses on the legal issues related to insolvency of banks (including commercial banks and cooperative banks). The banking sector's share in the total assets of the credit sector amounts to 89 percent while cooperative banks control 6 percent. The only wholly-owned state bank is the development bank Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego (BGK) which is subject to supervision by the Polish Financial Supervisory Authority (KNF).
- Published
- 2012
24. Late Tripolye Culture Settlement Spatial Pattering: Case study from the Gordineşti II-Stînca goalăsite, Northern Moldova.
- Author
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Rybicka, M., Król, D., Kittel, P., Sîrbu, G., Makohonienko, M., Słowiński, M., Sucharyna-Thomas, L., and Pokutta, D.
- Subjects
PROBABILITY density function ,GROUND penetrating radar ,PREHISTORIC settlements ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,LAND settlement patterns ,RESIDENTIAL mobility ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations - Abstract
Copyright of Praehistorische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Alternative explanations of relationship maintenance intention in mediation : A comparison study of Korean and Indonesian firms
- Author
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Ha, Hong-Youl, Kim, Jang-Gyem, and Chung, Yongkyun
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Review of securities class action filings in 2015
- Author
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Aganin, Alexander
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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27. Sustainable Approaches Employed in Settlements Designed by Hassan Fathy: Lessons from New Gourna and New Baris in Egypt.
- Author
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Ferruses, Ignacio Juan, Dols, Sergio Artola, and Gago, Clara Cantó
- Subjects
VERNACULAR architecture ,SUSTAINABLE development ,URBAN planning ,DOCUMENTATION - Abstract
Around 1940s, 75% of the population of Egypt had been living in the rural vernacular settlements. After independence and with the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy, the focus of Egypt has been the reform of these rural settlements. It became an opportunity to explore new ways of creating settlements from a conscious architecture. In this endeavour, the Egyptian architect Hassan Fathy rose as a humble yet visionary giant who was instrumental in making these transformations. This paper examines two settlements designed by Hassan Fathy in Egypt: New Gourna, completed in 1945 and New Baris, completed in 1964. They exemplify the sustasinable design approach Fathy took, even before sustainability was discovered by the world. They employ powerful ideas about optimization of resources and the maintannace of identity of vernacular architecture. The research employs a comparative method to examine the two settlements. The research involves observations and documentations during field trips to the sites, and examination of literature as well as photographs and drawings. It also examines existing documentation at the American University in Cairo. Moreover, new drawings have been developed based on the architect's original drawings. They show the evolution of the architect's approach to urban planning and housing typology. couched deeply in sustainability in response to the desert climate. The paper reveals the principles Hasan Fathy has employed deriving from the vernacular settlements in the projects and their evolution. It offers guidelines for the proper development of a sustainable settlement in any arid climate and environment. The paper concludes that despite not having been able to complete the construction of either of the two projects, the theoretical approaches of them are valid and should be considered for application in contemporary and future settlements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Blockchain Application to Financial Market Clearing and Settlement Systems.
- Author
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Agarwal, Nipun, Wongthongtham, Pornpit, Khairwal, Neerajkumari, and Coutinho, Kevin
- Subjects
FINANCIAL markets ,BLOCKCHAINS ,FINANCIAL services industry - Abstract
Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative force in the financial industry, offering the potential to streamline and enhance financial markets' clearing and settlement processes. This paper explores the application of blockchain technology in these critical areas. We examine traditional clearing and settlement procedures, the challenges they pose, and how blockchain can address these issues. Through case studies and technical insights, we illustrate the benefits and limitations of implementing blockchain solutions. This paper utilizes the PRISMA method to survey papers related to blockchain-based clearing and settlement systems, while using Science Direct to identify papers that have been published in this area. These papers were reviewed to identify themes that relate to extending blockchain development for clearing and settlement system in financial markets. As a result, this paper also shows how the Layer One X (L1X) blockchain can be applied to develop financial markets clearing and settlement systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Interpretation of the Scope of International Commercial Arbitration Agreements: A Comparison of Swiss and Turkish Case Law
- Author
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Önay, Işık
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Assessing the effects of different foundation base shapes on settlement and heaving in expansive clay: numerical analysis
- Author
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Mohamed, Walaa-Eldin Elsherif
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. SUSTAINABLE FAECAL SLUDGE MANAGEMENT IN INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS) SETTLEMENTS IN TROPICAL CLIMATE: A REVIEW.
- Author
-
Orugba, H. O., Osagie, C., Owamah, H. I., and Edomwonyi-Otu, L. C.
- Subjects
SLUDGE management ,TROPICAL climate ,INTERNALLY displaced persons ,SUSTAINABILITY ,HERMETIA illucens ,SANITATION - Abstract
In settlements for internally displaced persons (IDPs), achieving sustainable on-site faecal sludge management is crucial. Effective stabilization and treatment methods are vital, as the wrong choices can result in dire sanitary conditions. Tropical climate, marked by low-income settings and overburdened sanitation facilities, pose unique challenges that demand tailored solutions. This review paper focuses on simplicity, cost-efficiency, and minimal land requirements for stabilization, along with affordability, low health risks, and valuable end-products for treatment. Notable findings include mechanical presses, planted drying beds, and solar greenhouse drying beds as robust stabilization methods, while microwave heating, black soldier fly larvae, and anaerobic digestion show promise as sustainable treatment techniques. Adopting these techniques promises sustainable faecal sludge management and potential improvements in living standards. This paper guides the way toward enhanced sanitation and well-being in the toughest conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Impact of Element Size on Rebar–Concrete Interface Microstructure Using X-ray Computed Tomography.
- Author
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Kucharska, Milena and Dybeł, Piotr
- Subjects
COMPUTED tomography ,REINFORCING bars ,REINFORCED concrete ,X-ray imaging ,DRILL core analysis ,SELF-consolidating concrete - Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of element size on the microstructure of the steel–concrete interface in self-compacting concrete (SCC). Experiments were conducted on two types of test elements: a deep beam measuring 1440 × 640 × 160 mm and a wall element measuring 2240 × 1600 × 160 mm. The SCC mix was consistently pumped from the top, using a single casting point located near the formwork's edge. Horizontal steel ribbed rebars with a diameter of 16 mm were embedded in these elements. X-ray computed tomography (CT) was employed to provide three-dimensional insights into the microstructure of the rebar-to-concrete interface. An analysis of X-ray CT images from core samples revealed that the microstructure of this interface is influenced by the distance of the specimen from the mix casting point and its vertical position within the element. The combined effects of bleeding, air-pore entrapment, and plastic settlement within the SCI were observed under the top rebars. Their extent was independent of the type of element analyzed, suggesting that the deterioration of the SCI is related to the distance from the top surface of the element. These results elucidate phenomena occurring during the fresh state of concrete near reinforcing bars and their implications for bond properties. To date, some of the standards differentiate between bond conditions according to the depth of concrete beneath the rebar. In the view of the studies, this approach may be unduly rigorous. The findings offer valuable guidance for reinforced concrete execution and design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Laundry Machine Auto-Balancing Mechanism: Non-Linear Simulation of Imbalance Settlement.
- Author
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Podesva, Jiri, Marsalek, Pavel, Cienciala, Jakub, Drahorad, Lukas, and Halama, Radim
- Subjects
CENTRIFUGAL force ,PARAMETRIC modeling ,COMPUTER simulation ,SPEED ,MACHINERY - Abstract
The auto-balancing mechanism is used in the spin-dry regime of the laundry machine. The high rotating speed and unbalanced mass inside the drum create centrifugal force, which is the cause of vibration. The auto-balancing mechanism consists of a set of balls in the circular guiding track. During the spin-dry process, the balls settle in the opposite position to an unbalanced mass. The centrifugal force of the balls compensates the one of the unbalanced masses. The paper deals with the non-linear numerical simulation of the imbalance settlement and the following parametric study. The solution to the problem is demonstrated on an industrial laundry machine with a maximum capacity of 7 kg of dry laundry and a maximum rotating speed of 930 rpm. The proposed numerical model allows us to investigate the behavior of the auto-balancing mechanism and predict the vibration amplitudes of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Settlement Calculation of Semi-Rigid Pile Composite Foundation on Ultra-Soft Soil under Embankment Load.
- Author
-
Cao, Fengxu, Ye, Chaoliang, Wu, Zhenxu, Zhao, Zitong, and Sun, Hao
- Subjects
PILES & pile driving ,UNIT cell ,EMBANKMENTS ,DIFFERENTIAL equations ,DISPLACEMENT (Psychology) - Abstract
Ultra-soft soil is distributed in coastal areas around the world and has poor engineering properties. There is a significant difference in settlement between semi-rigid pile and surrounding soil under embankment load. Based on existing research results, the settlement calculation formula of ultra-soft soil composite foundation reinforced by semi-rigid pile is derived in this paper. Based on the Alamgir displacement model, assuming a three-zone model of pile skin friction with a negative skin friction plastic zone in the upper part of the pile, an elastic zone in the middle part of the pile, and a skin friction-bearing plastic zone in the lower part of the pile, the upward and downward penetrations of pile, and pile–soil slip deformation characteristics are considered. Analytical expressions for settlement calculations of semi-rigid pile composite foundations under embankments were derived based on differential equations for pile–soil load transfer in the unit cell. The influences of pile diameter and the compression modulus of the underlying layer at the pile end on the settlement characteristics of the semi-rigid pile composite foundation are discussed. The results show that the derived theoretical calculation method is in good agreement with the field measurement and laboratory model test results. Ultra-soft soil composite foundations have long settlement stabilization times and large settlement deformations. Penetration deformation occurs at the semi-rigid pile end. The relationship between pile end resistance and pile end piercing deformation is hyperbolic. The compression modulus of the underlying layer has a great influence on pile end penetration. The lower the compression modulus of the underlying layer, the larger the penetration deformation of pile end. The larger the pile diameter is, the smaller the penetration deformation is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. “It's a forced separation […] and we've got used to this kind of life”: changing dynamics of HIV risk in the context of immigration
- Author
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Rachel Zhou, Yanqiu and Coleman, William D.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Accelerating the settlement cycle: An opportunity to modernise across the industry.
- Author
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Walley, Robert
- Subjects
FINANCIAL markets ,BUSINESS brokerage ,SECURITIES trading ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,FINANCIAL services industry ,CAPITAL market - Abstract
The financial services industry has analysed the benefits and barriers of accelerating the US securities markets to trade date plus one day (T + 1). The focus of this paper is on the areas impacted and the need for driving industry modernisation efforts through technological advancement and operational scalability while at the same time seeking to mitigate risks and operational inefficiencies in the capital markets infrastructure. The purpose of the paper is to provide the reader with an understanding of the impacts across the different brokerage functions, businesses, behaviours that need to be considered, in order for individual firms and the industry as a whole, to transition to a T + 1 settlement. Firms will need to prepare for the anticipated transition scheduled for September 2024 (pending SEC rule adoption). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. الطامعون بعطف ظله الهمايوني" : حدود تصور البيروقراطية العثمانية للهجرة اليهودية إلى أرض فلسطين (1876-1904).
- Author
-
OSMANLI, Mehmed
- Abstract
Copyright of Bulletin of Palestine Studies / Filistin Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Bulletin of Palestine Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Comparative settlement response of soft clays reinforced with granular columns under widespread loads.
- Author
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Sivakumar, Vinayagamoothy, Solan, Brian, Moorhead, Catherine, Serridge, Colin J., Tripathy, Snehasis, and Donohue, Shane
- Subjects
STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,STRESS concentration ,GRANULAR materials ,CLAY ,MATERIALS testing - Abstract
This paper examines the consolidation and settlement behaviour of soft clay deposits treated with granular columns (single and in groups). Two Rowe cell loading chambers were used to conduct the investigations on samples of kaolin and a local Belfast natural estuarine alluvium called 'sleech'. Tests were carried out on unreinforced samples and then reinforced samples with single and multiple column configurations. The test duration for each test was between 3 and 4 months, depending on the test material and the granular column configuration. The settlement reduction factors based on primary and secondary consolidation were examined. The study suggests that the effectiveness of granular columns at mitigating primary and/or secondary settlement is directly related to the loading intensity, the stress history and the creep characteristics of the subsoil. It was also found that the stress concentration ratio reduced with the stress level. Secondary consolidation also has some effects on the stress concentration ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Fragility assessment for the rainfall-induced embankments on silty soils.
- Author
-
Zhou, Haizuo, Ma, Fujian, Yu, Xiaoxuan, Zheng, Gang, Pang, Rui, and Liang, Fayun
- Subjects
EMBANKMENTS ,MONTE Carlo method ,RAINFALL ,SOILS ,ECOLOGICAL disturbances - Abstract
The fragility curve expresses the probability that an asset exceeds some serviceability state for a given level of environmental perturbation or other loadings. It is an important component in the quantitative risk analysis and resilience evaluation of infrastructure exposed to natural hazards. Incidences of over-settlement of embankments are increasingly reported due to more intense and longer-duration rainfall events. This paper develops fragility curves for the rainfall-induced embankment settlement. For this purpose, an embankment incorporating enhanced seepage and displacement analysis within unsaturated soil conditions is modelled based on a reported case history. A Monte Carlo simulation is used for rainfall infiltration and embankment deformation analysis under various rainfall scenarios. Probability values are obtained to achieve three levels of damage states in terms of road embankment settlement. The parametric analysis produces the exceedance probability curves for various rainfall intensities, saturated permeabilities and embankment slope angles. This work offers an efficient tool for assessing fragility to rainfall-induced excessive settlement of embankments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Numerical Analysis of the Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Strip Footing Constructed on Sand-over-Clay Sediment.
- Author
-
Banu, Shaziya, Attom, Mousa, Abed, Farid, Vandanapu, Ramesh, Astillo, Philip Virgil, Al-Lozi, Naser, and Khalil, Ahmed
- Subjects
BEARING capacity of soils ,SANDY soils ,CLAY soils ,NUMERICAL analysis ,MODULUS of elasticity ,SOIL depth - Abstract
This paper analyzes the bearing capacity of two-layered soil medium using finite element (FE) software ABAQUS/CAE 2023. Although geotechnical engineers design foundations for layered soil, majorly current geotechnical studies emphasize single homogenous soil. So, this research has significant novelty as it focuses on layered soil and adds to the current literature. A nonlinear FE model was prepared and analyzed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of two-layered soil (sandy soil over clayey soil). The Drucker–Prager and Mohr–Coulomb models were used to represent sandy soil and clayey soil layers, respectively. Strip footing material properties were considered isotropic and linearly elastic. This study performed parametric studies to understand the effects of thickness, unit weight, and the modulus of the elasticity of sandy soil on the ultimate soil bearing capacity. Additionally, it also analyzed the effect of the cohesive strength of clayey soil on layered soil bearing capacity. Results showed that an increase in sandy soil layer thickness strengthens the layered soil, and thus, improves the bearing capacity of soil. Increasing the sandy soil layer thickness over footing width (h1/B) ratio from 0.15 to 2.0 improved the ultimate bearing capacities with elastic settlements of 350 mm and 250 mm by 145.62% and 101.66%, respectively. Additionally, for a thicker sandy soil layer, an increase in the unit weight and modulus of the elasticity of sandy soil led to higher ultimate bearing capacity. Furthermore, it was concluded that an increase in clayey soil's cohesive strength from 20 kPa to 30 kPa resulted in a 24.31% and 3.47% increase in soil bearing capacity for h1/B = 0.15 and h1/B = 2.0, respectively. So, the effect of cohesion is prevalent in the case of a thicker clayey soil layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. DERZHYKRAI SLOBODA AND CROSSING ON THE PEREVOD RIVER IN THE 17TH-18TH CENTURY.
- Author
-
Osadchij, Evgenij and Degtyarev, Sergey
- Abstract
The purpose of the research paper is to highlight the emergence and functioning of the crossing and the unique thing for this region - the stone bridge on Kyiv Shliakh (road) in the early modern period. The scientific novelty. Based on the analysis of available written and pictorial sources, conclusions have been drawn regarding the existence of a crossing on the river Perevod in the early modern period, from the time of the foundation of Derzhykrai Sloboda (settlement inhabited by free peasants and tradespeople) till its abandoning and the change of Pryluky - Kyiv route. Conclusions. At the beginning of the 17th century, the process of gradual land settlement of Left-Bank (Zadniprianska) Ukraine began. The initiative of founding slobodas and towns belonged to the representatives of princely families and the gentry. It was with their assistance that a number of fortified settlements were founded - Lubny, Pryluky, and Myrhorod, which became military and economic centers, and small villages and khutirs (hamlets) began appearing around them. At the same time, traffic on Kyiv Shliakh, which led from the Dnipro crossing to the town of Pryluky, was resumed. In the first half of the 17th century, in the upper reaches of the Perevod River, the sloboda of Derzhykrai was founded. It was located on 'Chernihiv lands', but it was founded on the initiative of Prince Ya. Ostrozkyi by Ya. Chernyshovskyi, Pereiaslav pidstarosta. In the first years of the sloboda's existence, it was subject to armed raids headed by S. Lyko, Lubny Cossack uriadnyk (sergeant). In the late 1640s, the settlement became part of the left-bank possessions of Prince I. Vyshnevetskyi. Supposedly, at that time, the construction of a small earthen fortification, and possibly a stone bridge, was started near it. After 1648, the sloboda fell into desolation. This is written in the diary entries of Archdeacon Paul of Aleppo, who traveled along Kyiv Shliakh in 1654. He mentions the destroyed town of Batfudi, which suffered due to wars and Tatar raids. After the decline of Derzykrai Sloboda, the small village of Perevod, and later Piddubivka, were founded near the crossing. A Cossack khutir was founded on the island, and in 1656 it was sold to Hustynia Holy Trinity Convent. The monks used the former fortifications to keep livestock, for which they dug passages in the ramparts and partially filled in the moat. At that time, Kyiv Shliakh passed through the island near the khutir, and both villages were connected by a stone bridge. Over time, the route of the Shliakh shifted and the stone bridge was gradually dismantled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. A data-driven approach for predicting the time-dependent settlement of embankments on soft soils.
- Author
-
Doherty, James P. and Bransby, M. Fraser
- Subjects
EMBANKMENTS ,COST overruns ,SOILS ,CONSTRUCTION costs ,GEOMETRIC modeling - Abstract
Models of soil behaviour, in situ and laboratory testing techniques and system models for describing the geometry and time-dependent processes involved in the settlement of embankments on soft soils have reached a level of maturity where reliable predictions for this problem should be readily achievable. Despite this, there is clear evidence to demonstrate engineering predictions of embankment behaviour can be inaccurate, resulting in construction cost and schedule overruns. One key reason for this is the significant influence that personal judgement plays in processing soil test data to derive engineering parameters. In this paper, a method that makes progress toward overcoming this is developed using oedometer test results directly in a data-driven approach, thus avoiding the need to evaluate profiles of compression indices and yield pressures. The method has been deployed as an easy-to-access cloud-based application and its use demonstrated with a comprehensive case history. Data used in this paper are freely available in electronic format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Policing corporate bribery: negotiated settlements and bundling.
- Author
-
Hock, Branislav
- Subjects
CORPORATE corruption ,COMMERCIAL crimes ,BRIBERY ,LEGAL settlement ,CRIMINAL law ,POLICE - Abstract
The rapid increase of negotiated out of court settlements in corporate crime cases has attracted significant academic attention. How the terms of settlements are constructed, however, remains under-studied. To address this gap, the paper observes that the terms of settlements often include a basket of allegations widely spread across time and geography. The paper conceptualises this as a form of 'bundling'. The paper empirically explores the unique dynamics of corporate bribery cases that enable prosecutors to engage in bundling, and deconstructs bundling into two typologies (allegation bundling and enforcement bundling). From this perspective, this paper analyses official enforcement documentation relating to international bribery cases, supplemented with data from interviews with key informants who have experience of settlement negotiations in the US, the UK, and other countries. The analysis reveals that bundling provides efficiencies when resolving corporate crime cases, offers discounts to corporate defenders, and incentivizes coordinated multilateral enforcement. The practice of bundling allegations and enforcers confirms the character of negotiated settlements as a symbolic criminal law tool designed to reform the accused corporation through negotiation, persuasion and compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A Literature Review of Factors Affecting the Behavior of Encased Stone Columns.
- Author
-
Abdelhamid, Manar, Ali, Nazri, and Abdelaziz, Tareq
- Subjects
STONE columns ,LITERATURE reviews ,SOIL classification ,FIELD research ,GEOTECHNICAL engineering ,BEARING capacity of soils ,STONE - Abstract
Construction of structures on weak soft soils is always a great challenge to geotechnical engineers. Among various ground improvement techniques, stone columns are widely used in many soil types and foundation situations. They are inexpensive, easy to construct and environmentally satisfactory. This paper discusses the construction methods, the failure mechanism and the most important factors affecting the behavior of stone columns. It further summarizes recent published work that focus on the performance of single and grouped encased stone columns in different types of soils. A compilation of the key findings and a summary table that simplify the retrieval of data from previous experimental, numerical and field studies are also presented in this paper. The results of these studies show that encasing stone columns with geosynthetics material is a successful solution that can be used to improve the load-settlement conduct of stone column foundations. The literature review indicate a lack of studies that investigate the effect of floating encased stone columns in reducing the collapse settlement of collapsible soils. Therefore, there is a necessity to conduct a detailed study highlighting key aspects, which affect the overall performance of this technique in such soils. This might help in finding the optimum design of the floating encased stone columns and evaluate the reduction in collapse settlement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. In situ long-term improvement of large-scale lacustrine soft soil using laboratory and field data: a case study from a copper mine in China.
- Author
-
Fan, Wenchen, Jiang, Xueliang, Wang, Xingxing, and Cao, Ping
- Subjects
COPPER mining ,SHEAR strength of soils ,SOIL consolidation ,SOIL compaction ,SOILS ,GEOMETRIC modeling - Abstract
The excavation of large-scale lacustrine soft soil in natural state in the Chengmenshan Copper mine, Jiujiang, China, is a challenging work and is illustrated in this paper. A geometrical model of the lacustrine soft soil was built based on data from more than 150 boreholes. A series of tests were conducted on the natural soft soil including compaction, consolidation and common test, and also remolded samples containing water contents of 10%, 13%, 16%, 21%, 25%, 30% and 37% were tested. Results showed that the cohesion and friction angle decrease rapidly with the increase in water content, but the consolidation pressure played a positive role to the increase in shear strength. To properly manage the soil properties and optimize the surcharge program, settlement and uplift during the infill construction were numerically analyzed by means of SIGMA/W. Based on the test and numerical simulation results, a long term in situ improvement method was proposed and performed. Finally, drilling sampling tests, settlement monitoring and slope stability analysis were conducted to evaluate the overall effects of the surcharge. The properties of the soft soil were improved greatly under the infill surcharge, especially the cohesion and frictional increased by 279.3% and 152.8% and almost reached the value of remolded soil after consolidation under pressure 300 kPa. The settlement rate decreased with the surcharge duration. The safety factor of slope after improvement also met the design requirement. Furthermore, the method proposed in this paper which have given consideration to economic conservation and environmental protection is significant for the soft soil excavation projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. THE LA TÈNE GRAVE AND OTHER EVIDENCE OF LTB – D1 SETTLEMENT IN MIKULOVICE, PARDUBICE DISTRICT.
- Author
-
JOŠKOVÁ, TEREZA, VOKOLEK, VÍT, and SANKOT, PAVEL
- Subjects
TOMBS ,HOUSE construction ,IRON Age ,BRONZE Age ,POTTERY - Abstract
The paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the still largely unattended activities from the La Tène period at the major polycultural site in Mikulovice, Pardubice distr., Czech Republic. The site is known mainly for rich finds of grave gifts from the Early Bronze Age and also for its extensive settlement activities in HA2 – LTA. Thanks to the rescue excavations prior to the construction of residential houses in recent decades, the situation and artefacts of the course of LTB – D1 have been captured. The main axis of the paper is the analysis and evaluation of the find of the solitary La Tène inhumation grave. On this basis, it addresses the issues of possible links and contacts between the eastern Bohemian region and the Moravian area. The topic of settlement activities in Mikulovice during the younger period of the Iron Age is further addressed by analysing the pottery and evaluating several captured residential situations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Green fingers: the Hospitallers' encounters with their environment on Rhodes*.
- Author
-
Phillips, Simon
- Subjects
AGRICULTURE ,RECREATION ,GARDENS - Abstract
This paper focuses on how the Hospitallers cultivated the island of Rhodes between 1309 and 1522, drawing on both published and unpublished documents from the Hospitallers' archive on Malta. After their conquest of Rhodes, the Hospitallers not only inherited the available land, but attempted to expand and enhance its productivity and use. This article considers both agricultural and possible recreational spaces, in particular looking at the diverse types of gardens that developed. The paper argues that there were distinct stages to the cultivation of Rhodes, especially apparent in the first half-century of occupation of the island: that is, settlement of Latins and Greeks on the island, which equates to the social cultivation of Rhodes, then bringing uncultivated land into cultivation, the conveying of already cultivated land under Hospitaller control, and finally the maintenance and improvement of farmed lands. This last task was something shared by the many Hospitaller commanderies throughout Europe and continued until their lands were gradually confiscated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Effect of intracellular water release on hydro-mechanical behaviors of high kitchen waste content municipal solid waste.
- Author
-
Xu, XiaoBing, Ni, Da, Chen, YunMin, Xu, Hui, Yang, QinFeng, and Xu, SiFa
- Abstract
The release of intracellular water during degradation process contributes to the great leachate production and settlement of landfilled high kitchen waste content MSW (HKWC-MSW). An oven-drying and absorbent-paper combined method was proposed to measure the intracellular and interparticle water contents of HKWC-MSW. Two degradation experiments were carried out to study the release process of intracellular water and its effect on the hydro-mechanical behaviors of HKWC-MSW. It was found that the two degradation experiments showed similar degradation behaviors with BOD/COD decreasing with time in the early stage. In the first degradation experiment, most intracellular water was released during the first two months, and the degradation of degradable matter in kitchen waste (KW) was much slower than the release process of intracellular water. The particle size became smaller and the overall grain specific gravity increased during the fast release process of intracellular water. In the second degradation experiment, after two-year degradation, the total leachate production was about 45.2% of the initial wet weight of HKWC-MSW specimen. Water retention capacity θ
f increased from 0.23 to 0.58 during 1–69 d, which might be caused by the decrease of particle size and compression of waste skeleton. As almost all the intracellular water was released after 80-day degradation, during the latter stage of leachate drainage under gravity, θf decreased and was close to the total volumetric water content. The total compression strain was about 0.39. The secondary compression strain during 1–80 d (i.e., about 0.07) was considered to be mainly resulted by the release of intracellular water and the subsequent drainage of leachate, and it accounted for about 22.6% of the total secondary compression strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik Menggunakan Kombinasi Settlement Tank dan Fixed-Bed Coloumn Up-Flow
- Author
-
Khalimatus Sa’diyah, Muchamad Syarwani, and S. Sigit Udjiana
- Subjects
settlement ,fixed-bed ,Chemistry ,Settlement (structural) ,Fixed bed ,coloumn ,Environmental science ,General Medicine ,tank ,Pulp and paper industry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Air limbah domestik yang memiliki kadar BOD, COD, TSS, Turbidity dan pH tinggi menjadi salah satu penyebab pencemaran air. Sehingga perlu adanya pengolahan lebih lanjut sebelum dibuang ke sungai atau badan air. Salah satu pengolahan air limbah yang bisa digunakan adalah kombinasi set tlement tank dan f ixed-bed coloumn up-flow . Alat ini dipilih karena harganya terjangkau, bahan mudah didapat dan peralatannya mudah dioperasikan. Tujuan utama penelitian ini untuk menurunkan kadar turbidity , TSS dan BOD. Penurunan parameter ini dipengaruhi oleh waktu settlement tank , waktu pengontakkan effluent dan tinggi unggun pasir. Hasil penelitian pada settlement tank secara aerob didapatkan persen penurunan turbidity , TSS dan BOD yang tertinggi pada settlement tank 6 hari dengan nilai 48,21%; 75,27% dan 52,84 %. Pada alat fixed-bed coloumn up-flow secara kontinyu dengan waktu aerasi settlement tank 6 hari didapatkan persen penurunan turbidity yang tertinggi pada tinggi unggun pasir 20 cm sebesar 18,57%, sedangkan persen penurunan TSS dan BOD yang paling tinggi pada tinggi unggun pasir 30 cm yaitu 41,46% dan 11,23%. Domestic waste water is one of the causes of water pollution. Domestic waste water has high levels of BOD, COD, TSS, Turbidity and pH. Therefore, it need futher processing so that the conditions is safe when discharged in river or lake. One of waste water treatment is combination of settlement tank and fixed-bed coloumn up-flow. This equipment is selected because the price is affordable, materials and equipment can be obtained, and easy to operate. The main purpose of this study is to decrease levels of turbidity, TSS and BOD. Decreased parameters are affected by time of seetlement tank, time of effluent contact and high of sand beds. Result of research on settelement tank aerob obtained highest percentage of turbidity, TSS and BOD decrease in 6 day settlement tank with value 48.21%, 75.27% and 52.84%. In a continuous fixed-bed coloumn up-flow with aeration time, 6-day in settlement tank, obtained the highest percentage of turbidity reduction at 20 cm sand bed height of 18.57%, while the highest percentage of TSS and BOD reduction in sand bed height was 30 cm is 41.46% and 11.23%.
- Published
- 2018
50. Role měst do 5 tisíc obyvatel velikosti v sídelní struktuře širšího regionu a její vliv na kvalitu služeb v těchto městech.
- Author
-
Madar, Ondřej
- Subjects
SMALL cities ,STRUCTURED financial settlements ,URBAN planning ,CITIES & towns ,WATERSHEDS - Abstract
The main aim of the paper is to show the interdependence of small towns of 2 to 4 thousand inhabitants with settlements that are larger, or smaller to them. It is the function of these small towns in the framework of their region that influences their internal form, which the paper tries to prove through the results of the analysis carried out on a sample of all towns in the South Bohemian region that meet the population range mentioned above. Some of the problems of small towns are much more related to the context of their region than to their internal structure and form. This paper focuses on the issue of the quality of amenities, with a particular focus on commercial amenities. The attractiveness of a city is often measured by its own inhabitants precisely in relation to the existence of these elements, and so the available comparisons, such as the company’s individual ‘Municipalities in Data’ indices, which rank municipalities in the overall so-called Quality of Life Index, are very often based on comparisons of amenity elements. It is therefore clear that amenities are essential to the attractiveness of a settlement. Yet small towns, and rural settlements in particular, are logically the most problematic category of settlements in this perspective. The paper therefore brings a new perspective to these comparisons and focuses specifically on assessing the quality of amenities, which it does through in-depth data analysis. The results are then compared with the role of the town in the settlement structure expressed by its catchment area, or the transport relations between the town under study and its related settlements. As a result, the cities are divided according to their roles in the settlement structure of the South Bohemian region and the relationship between this role and the quality of amenities is found. Subsequently, with these results it is possible to determine which towns are below the regional average in this aspect and which, on the opposite, can serve as good examples of a small town. The paper is part of a broader work aiming to develop a comparative methodology that could help municipalities identify their reserves in amenity quality and then be able to address these effectively through urban and spatial planning tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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