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Jambu (Acmella oleracea [(L.) RK Jansen]) is a vegetable of great importance in the Amazonian region; it can be found in the daily life of the citizens of the State of Pará (Brazil), since it is part of traditional dishes such as duck in tucupi and tacacá sauce. Although jambu is widely cultivated, agronomic information about its management remains scarce. The aim of the current study was to analyze the physiological potential of jambu seeds stored in different packages and environments. The investigated packages comprised glass, Eppendorf tubes, plastic bags and paper bags conditioned in refrigerator and under natural conditions in Castanhal, Pará, for 360 days. Seed germination, first germination count, emergence seedlings, germination and emergence speed index, and seedling dry weight and length were the variables evaluated at 40-day intervals. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replicates of 50 seeds per treatment. Jambu seeds were only influenced by the environment where they were stored; the ones stored under natural conditions recorded decreasing behavior for the investigated variables until they reached zero, after 280 storage days. It was possible to conclude that the physiological potential of jambu seeds stored in refrigerator was better conserved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the Xinshan iron ore mine as an example, this paper, based on collecting and analyzing the actual production data and similar simulation test data of this iron ore mine, analyses various factors affecting ore depletion by bottomless column segmental chipping method by using hierarchical analysis method (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method (FCE), and establishes an evaluation system for comprehensively assessing the depletion of the ores. The results show that structural parameters, blasting parameters, loading parameters, and geological conditions are the main factors affecting ore depletion. The structural parameters are the most important factors, accounting for 35%. With the increase of the released amount, the released grade gradually decreases, the depletion rate gradually increases, and the comprehensive evaluation value gradually decreases. The released body is an approximate ellipsoidal block with a wide upper and narrower lower part. The end wall plays an obstructive role in the flow of the bulk body, which makes the end of the released grade higher and the middle of the released body higher. At the same time, due to the influence of blasting and shovel loading, the particles in the release body show some sorting phenomena. This paper provides a scientific basis and reference for predicting and controlling ore depletion in the bottomless column segmental chipping method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article has the objective to compare poverty rates of elderly people between 2018 and 2020, after the universalization of the non-contributory pension during the 2018-2024 presidential period in Mexico, in order to know if there is a change on elderly people's poverty rates. Also, the article aims to know if this policy change has a regressive impact in the whole pension system distribution. The paper uses as a reference for the analysis the International Labour Organization (ILO) guidelines. It compares poverty of different social groups of elderly people in 2018 and 2020 using the National Survey of Households Income and Expenditure. The paper concludes that elderly people's poverty situation is better in 2020. However, there is an increase on inequality in pensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from a movement of attraction and repulsion between the ideas of Mário de Andrade and Walter Benjamin on cinema, in this paper are presented simultaneities in the reflection of both authors on the new art. With this aim, it develops a reflected reading of Mario's essays of the 1920s, contrasting with the Benjaminian discussion of the following decade. Although conceptually about Art as Photography the author are not in agreement each other --about a new aesthetic sensitivity that is established in modernity where the image begins to place itself as an aesthetic foundation even in non-cinematographic--, Benjamin's analytical hypothesis may sustain a reading of a novel like Macunaíma, by Mario. Then, the paper discusses the tension in the Brazilian essayist and novelist Oeuvre, paying attention to how Art as Photography stands as power in its own aesthetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Due to the alarming rise in COVID-19 cases every day in India, numerous academics are already developing a variety of math-based estimation models to forecast the pandemic future course. This paper makes use of publicly available data to anticipate certain COVID-19 trajectories in India. Methods: We used the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average Model, a time series model, to anticipate the number of COVID-19 infected cases every day soon. People need to consume nutritious food that is well-balanced and contains the right number of calories, nutrients, as well as vitamins for strong development, bearing in mind that sustaining and repairing bodily tissues is the goal while preventing unfavorable illnesses and disease. Results: Recent studies have shown that healthy eating can help lower the possibilities of developing cancer, cardiovascular disease and for COVID patients. Therefore, an optimization strategy and LINDO software was used to solve the model. This study offers an exhaustive daily meal plan created especially for hospital patients, acting as a helpful resource for school administrators. With six different food choices, the diet plan makes sure that you get all the nutrients you need each day at a reasonable price. Conclusions: The model is solved using LINDO software in the study, which shows how effective it is when compared to other heuristic techniques like biological algorithms. It is determined through thorough investigation that the chosen meals are both financially and nutritionally feasible to serve in ho spital settings. Hospital patients make up the study's participants, and each day's total cost comes to Rs109.34. This cost makes it possible to deliver meals that are minimally more costly but of higher quality, improving the patients' overall nutritional value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper suggests binary-type exponential estimator for estimating - finite population mean under simple random sampling using auxiliary information. The proposed estimator includes number of estimators as its member which has been listed. Mathematical expression for the bias and mean square error of proposed estimator have been derived up to first order approximation. An empirical study was carried out using some existing population data sets and it was found that the proposed estimator performed better than other existing estimators considered in the study including linear regression estimator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noninvasive DNA sampling has become increasingly popular in wildlife research and conservation because it allows scientists to gather valuable genetic information without disturbing or harming the animals. However, the correct identification of the species or individuals in the sample is virtually impossible when using this kind of sampling. Consequently, it becomes essential to consider the errors hidding true identities in order to improve the quality of the data. Errors, if left unaddressed, can have a considerable impact on the accuracy of statistical inferences drawn from the data. This paper endeavours to review some research about misidentification problems and how Bayesian models and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods can be applied. In addition, a hypothetical scenario is presented to illustrate how genetic material can serve as unique identifier of individuals, and to highlight the potential dificulties that may arise if a proposal distribution for the MCMC simulations is inappropriately chosen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to discuss some of the challenges ahead for the so-called ageing society, emphasising two axes of analysis. One refers to the fact that it is not enough just to indicate demographic, social, population or other trends to guarantee acceptance in the social imaginary of the ageing society. The quantitative aspect is a necessary but not sufficient condition for accepting the challenges still pending in the ageing society. This point is highlighted by another axis of analysis, which has to do with the "resurrection" of ageism since the health and political events surrounding the coronavirus, which once again placed older adults in stereotypical roles of decrepitude and ruin. All of the above indicates that a hard work of social, governmental and state intervention has to be projected in order to create the minimum foundations of the ageing society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The phytocompounds of curcumin, epicatechin-gallate, luteolin-7-glucoside, and zingerol extracted from Garlic, Turmeric/Curcuma, Green tea, Welsh onion/Leek, and Ginger, respectively, were studied in this paper. Therefore, the purpose of this research is evaluating the effective physicochemical properties of these herbal products to to fight against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and Methods: The properties of these phytocompounds including dipole moment, thermochemistry, chemical shielding tensors, charge density, electrostatic potential and electron donating and electron accepting through frontier orbitals have been computed due to density functional theory (DFT) and m062x/cc-pvdz pseudo=CEP method towards the drug delivery system. Results and Discussion: Thermochemical properties have evaluated the combined group contribution and atom connectivity index with uncertainties in the estimated property values. The minimum Gibbs free energy of -1014.602×10³ and -990.992×10³ kcal·mol-1 for luteolin-7-glucoside and epicatechin-gallate, respectively, has been calculated versus dipole moment, which can indicate the most stability of these structures as natural antiviral medications. In fact, it can be established how phytocompounds of allicin, curcumin, epicatechin-gallate, luteolin-7-glucoside, and zingerol extracted from Garlic, Turmeric/Curcuma, Green tea, Welsh onion/Leek, and Ginger, respectively, may act as the efficient antiviral of Coronavirus disease receptor. The NMR analysis has demonstrated the critical points of the principal components of medicinal plants for binding to the active site of TMH (Tyr160-Met-161-Hi162) COVID-19, while each active atom of O or N as the electronegative atoms for binding to the H remarks the maximal shift in all steps in the NMR spectrum. Moreover, UV--VIS spectra reported a positive induction of antioxidant compounds, such as polyphenols and flavonoids. Conclusions: Thus, these natural drugs may be either a new or safe treatment or even are employed as antiviral nutraceuticals in elevating immunity and producing endurance to virus infectionsm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the relationship between Wyndham Lewis's Vorticism movement and Shakespeare, focusing on Lewis's appropriation of Shakespeare's play Timon of Athens and its impact on Vorticism's visual aesthetics. In analysing Wyndham Lewis's avant-garde approach, this article contrasts it with other artistic movements of the time --namely, Futurism and Cubism-- and explores Lewis's interest in the "automaton" and the "machine", and how this fascination is linked to his reading of Shakespeare and his views on World War I. Overall, the paper demonstrates how Shakespeare's work played a significant role in the development of Vorticism's unique aesthetic vision during a time of great social and political upheaval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I will compare the philosophical notions of "active love" and "charity" present in the works The Brothers Karamazov (1879-1880) by Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881) and El Cristo de Espaldas (Backwards Christ; 1952) by Eduardo Caballero Calderón (1910-1993). I will analyze both perspectives within the historical context of their respective periods, as well as within their own narrative structures. I also consider them as personal expressions of metaphysical-social visions whose roots can be found in the religious and philosophical works of authors as Vladimir Solovyov, in the case of Dostoevsky, and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, in the case of Caballero Calderón. The main goal is to demonstrate how both positions provide an ethical and collective proposal against the selfishness and violence of the world, through an approach that intermingles a permanent social action and a spiritual metamorphosis. Two visions that, I trust, continue to have relevance for the contemporary reader. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the correlations between literature and secularization in Spanish American Modernism, in this paper I aim to identify the main ways in which Clemente Palma questions traditional morality in Cuentos Malévolos. By analyzing first some paratexts of the book, four main ways are identified for the revision of that morality, a rereading that is explained from the positivist and Nietzschean parameters that Palma takes as a reference. At the same time, and as a counterpoint, an attempt is made to discover some of the contradictions of this revision, which are due to both the limitations of Palma's own ideological framework and to the demands of the secularization discourse itself, which always needs the sacred to define itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents improved population mean estimators using auxiliary variables in Stratified Ranked Set Sampling. We have derived the expressions for bias and mean square errors up to the first order of approximation and shown that the proposed estimators under optimum conditions are more efficient than other estimators taken in this paper. In an attempt to verify the efficiencies of proposed estimators, theoretical results are supported by numerical illustrations and simulation study for which we have considered two populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper assessed soil degradation over different land uses in the Kebbi area, Northwestern Nigeria. The specific objectives entailed identifying major forms of soil loss in the study area, estimating soil loss and examining the responses of soil physico-chemical properties over dominant land use types. Slope angles were determined using a GPS, a handheld Abney level, ranging poles and a 30 m measuring tape while gully depths, widths and lengths were taken at 5 m-30 m intervals. Key soil physico-chemical parameters were determined using standard procedures. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation were used to summarize the data generated from the study. The analysis of variance and the student's t-test was used to test for significant association between and within pairs of land uses. The results show that slopes range from 4° - 16°, while the magnitude of soil loss ranged between 3580.32 m³ in K1 (Kalgo 1), 3550.89 m³ in G2 (Goru 2) and 161.01 m³ in A1 (Angwar Daji 1). Results show significance at p= 0.05 in bulk density values over the different land uses with the highest bulk density value of 1.78 g/cm³ in badland and lowest value of 1.35 g/cm³ in plantation land use. Total nitrogen range between 0.01 - 0.38% with the least values in badland and scrubland, while soil base saturation is highest over plantation (76.3%) and lowest in badland (50.4%). The study concludes that the dominant geomorphic responses identified in the study area are gully initiation and development and a varying magnitude of soil degradation over the different land uses. The findings should facilitate policy initiation to rehabilitate degraded lands, adopt sustainable soil management practices such as tree planting while linking geomorphological information to infrastructural planning and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the world's most pressing needs today is access to groundwater. Although hydrological parameters can generally be estimated using underground studies, these methods are time-consuming and expensive. By taking the direct relationship of these parameters with electrical resistivity and measuring it with a cheaper and faster geoelectric method, a qualitative estimate of these parameters will be obtained. The electrical resistivity method is one of the most widely used methods to probe aquifers. The main objective of this paper is to show how, by interpreting and modeling the data of this exploratory method along with other geological information, the hydrogeological modeling of groundwater reservoirs can be done, and then, with an informed vision, the wells can be drilled for exploitation. For this purpose, the electrical resistivity data at 189 points and 9 profiles in the Shahroud region with Schlumberger array, after reviewing and making some modifications, were subjected to one-dimensional inverse modeling. According to the peripheral vision, the electrode distance was considered to be 50 meters and the length of the profiles is different. The longest profile was 1000 meter and related to profile 3. Then, using the results of modeling along with other available information, the hydrogeological models of the area were prepared in the form of iso-resistivity contour map and interpreted in terms of resistivity and thickness of subsurface layer using computer software Geographic Information System (GIS). Similarly, the thickness map of the aquifer unit (s) was also prepared to classify the good and poor zones. Using the prepared models and also considering the direction and piezometric of the groundwater flow inside the aquifer, suitable places were identified and suggested for future exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The igneous rocks of Cerro Cacheuta are considered a typical expression of the Permian-Triassic magmatism within the Andes Precordillera of Mendoza, Argentina. In particular, the southwestern margin of this hilltop is characterised by intermediate volcanic and felsic intrusives from the Choiyoi Group, one of the most extensive volcano-sedimentary suites of southern South America. The Choiyoi magmatism is widely associated with dramatic tectonic and environmental changes in the Gondwana supercontinent. Therefore, a better characterisation of the igneous facies of Cerro Cacheuta is critical to understand the evolution of Gondwana and recognise the multiple events that occurred towards the end of the Permian. This paper presents new data about the mineralogy, petrography, and geochemistry of the plutonic and volcanic units of Cerro Cacheuta, which enables authors to draw additional conclusions about the genesis and evolution of the magmatism in the region. Microscope observations indicate that the volcanic rocks are largely consistent with intermediate facies dominated by a porphyry texture with plagioclase and sanidine phenocrystals within a trachytic groundmass. Coetaneous breccias of possible hydrothermal origin and geodes with cryptocrystalline silica, limonite, and quartz are also recognised in outcrops. Geochemical analysis suggests that the lavas would likely correspond to andesites from a calc-alkaline magmatic arc. Furthermore, trace elements show enrichment in LREE/HREE, a slight negative anomaly in Eu, and concentration ratios compatible with crustal extension during the initial stages of the Choiyoi Group. Based on their chemical similarities, the monzonites of the Boca del Río Pluton would correlate with the lower section of the Choiyoi Group, of Permian age. In contrast, granites of the Cacheuta Pluton show a signature typically recognised in units from the Triassic and, therefore, would be comparable to the upper member of the Choiyoi Group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neoliberal policies have impacted transportation and mobility. This paper analyzes the trends and structures resulting from the mobility of the Renca commune, a pericentric territory of Greater Santiago in the period between 2001 and 2021, through the analysis of the Origin Destination Surveys and an Origin Destination Survey of own interception applied during the covid-19 pandemic. The aforementioned was developed to obtain the mobility tendencies that these individuals present with the other communes of Greater Santiago. The results express a motorization below the levels of other communes of Greater Santiago; the existence of a 'dependency' of some routes of the public transport system that use the urban highway network. Mobilities are mainly developed due to access to services and education, where these dynamics and destination spaces have not changed substantially despite the covid-19 context in which the interception survey was applied. There is a contrast between the available concession infrastructure, the low access to automobiles, the spatial friction of the infrastructure, and the persistence of mobility patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces and investigates a new family of distributions called the Topp-Leone-Gompertz-exponentiated half logistic-G (TL-Gom-EHL-G) distribution. Some mathematical and statistical properties of this family of distributions are derived. To estimate and evaluate the model parameters, the maximum likelihood estimation technique is used, and the consistency of maximum likelihood estimators is examined using Monte Carlo simulation. Applications to three real data sets from different areas were used to demonstrates the usefulness and versatility of the TL-Gom-EHL-G family of distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymetry, the art of using different metric forms in the same literary composition (Paraíso), is one of the main features of Spanish Golden Age theater and is linked to Calderón de la Barca's authorial intent in his plays. In this paper, we propose an analysis of La vida es sueño, El alcalde de Zalamea, and El mágico prodigioso with the purpose of identifying the compelling reasons for polymetry's adoption as a defining stylistic feature of Spanish Golden Age theather. Thus, we seek to identify the different relations between the metric forms used and the dramatic conflict of the plays, considering that using one metric-strophic variety or another is not chosen at random, but rather an intentional gesture of the author seeking to establish intrinsic relationships between metric forms and dramatic action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to study the translational strategies to address the problem of repetition in the translation of Homeric poetry, specifically that of the Iliad. Although repetition is a fundamental stylistic feature in any text, in Homeric formulaic language it is a constitutive feature, which is not (only) used as a literary device but permeates the poetic expression in all its forms. Therefore, analyzing and understanding the strategies that translators have used to reproduce this aspect in Spanish is a key element in the study of Homeric translation, and a fundamental basis for further work in both translation analysis and translation itself. For this article, a restricted corpus of three translations (Segalá y Estalella, Crespo Güemes, Pérez) has been selected and three different modalities of repetition are analyzed: complete passages of several verses, formulae, and a recurrent expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the quantitative evaluation methods of lexical and rhythmic exactness of verse translations. It describes the practical approaches to this problem developed within the Russian-speaking academia of the 20th and 21st centuries. The best-known method was proposed by the eminent scholar Mikhail L. Gasparov (1975, 1986, 1989, etc.) to evaluate the lexical correspondence between literal translations (verbum pro verbum) and metrical translations based on them (indirect translation). Later, Gasparov and other researchers applied this method to compare original poems and their direct translations. Apart from Gasparov's approach to the problem, the article presents related essays by Oleksandr M. Finkel (1966, published in 2001, 2006). The paper's second section demonstrates the possibilities of quantitative analysis on the example of three Russian metrical translations of Federico Garcia Lorca's poem "Reyerta" (1926) by Valentin Ya. Parnach (1940), Anatoly M. Geleskul (1968), and Pavel M. Grushko (1975). In addition, the article proposes a brief excursus on the history of the formalist theory of the poetic text and poetic translation, which should be considered the theoretical basis of comparative-quantitative studies of translated poetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estimating the parameters of a multiple linear model is a common task in all areas of sciences. In order to obtain conjugate distributions, the Bayesian estimation of these parameters is usually carried out using noninformative priors. When informative priors are considered in the Bayesian estimation an important problem arises because techniques are required to extract information from experts and represent it in an informative prior distribution. Elicitation techniques can be used for such purpose even though they are more complex than the traditional methods. In this paper, we propose a technique to construct an informative prior distribution from expert knowledge using hypothetical samples. Our proposal involves building a mental picture of the population of responses at several specific points of the explanatory variables of a given model and indirectly eliciting the mean and the variance at each of these points. In addition, this proposal consists of two steps: the first step describes the elicitation process and the second step shows a simulation process to estimate the model parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an interpretation of the intersection of extractivism and frontiers. It explores the effects of the progressive settling of luxury wine tourism and protected areas over small livestock producers associated to grazing systems. We choose a locality at the foothills of the Andes cordillera (Uco Valley), focusing on the site called Manzano Histórico (Historical Apple Tree). The combined use of different research tools (secondary data and documents analysis, in-depth interviews, direct observation, and the production of cartography) permits to observe that these territories --the living space for cattle producers-- have been progressively incorporated to capital and conservation, especially since the xxi century. At present, they express multiple and diverse compression situations on direct producers, that lead in turn to a remodeling of cattle-raising activities keeping pace with high-end tourism. This paper shows that high-end tourism and nature conservation are not opposed but rather mutually reinforcing activities. Also, that direct producers are not victims in lack of agency, since they reshape their productive profiles to take part in the tourism market highlighting their particular traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine Natural Products (MNPs) isolated from samples collected in Colombia have been an object of study since the early 1980's; however, this information is neither integrated nor compiled. This systematic review describes the articles published in scientific journals up to December 2019. 173 papers met the inclusion criteria of focusing on MNPs obtained from specimens collected from Colombian seas; all original papers written in English, Portuguese or Spanish. The selected papers were mostly authored by researchers from Colombian groups, with low interaction amongst themselves. 99.4% of the papers studied samples collected from the Caribbean Sea; 183 species were studied, mainly sponges and octocorals. In this study, 1,690 compounds (238 new ones) were reviewed, mainly diterpenes and sterol derivatives. Of the selected papers, 76.8% measured various biological activities, including antibiotic (34%) and anticancer (30%). These papers were published in 51 journals (74.6% were international). In conclusion, scientific work on natural marine products of Colombian origin has incremented over time. The most relevant opportunities to address and fill existing gaps comprise: exploring Pacific Ocean organisms and several of the misrepresented taxa; promoting strong interactions amongst the MNPs research groups, and accordingly with other areas of knowledge; and having the productive sector participate in MNPs research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining activities are liable to injuries and different types of diseases. The occurrence of an accident threatens safety in dimension stone mines. Therefore, the safety risk assessment in such mines is an important issue that needs special consideration. In this paper, the safety risk of incidents in dimension stone mines in Iran is evaluated using the fuzzy inference system. The fuzzy analytical hierarchy process is used to identify the importance degree of each incidence and then, the overall risk priority number is calculated based on the fuzzy inference process. The results of this study show that vehicle traffic and wire rupture are the most hazardous incidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate identification of oil and water layers is the basis of qualitative evaluation of reservoir fluid properties or industrial value and selection of testing layers of the well. The traditional oil and water layer identification is mainly based on the extensive use of the well's logging and logging data, which is inefficient and easy to leak interpretation or misinterpretation for those reservoirs with complex geological conditions. In this paper, the random forest method of machine learning is used to select the lithology, porosity, permeability, movable fluid, oil saturation, S0, S1, S2, Tmax of rock as characteristics; smote oversampling is used to expand the sample, and the packet estimation is used to establish the oil and water layer identification model. This method is simple and easy to use, not prone to severe overfitting, and can find the potential rules in the data. The classification performance is excellent, and the accuracy rate can reach more than 89.9%, which solves the problem of low accuracy in oil-water layer identification in the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a state of the discussion on the social studies of memory in relation to different types of socio-natural disasters. The objective of the research was to examine the scientific production in the conceptual triad memory-disaster-identity to facilitate the understanding of the field of study and encourage research interest. To this end, it reviewed academic production between 2000 and 2020 at the national, Latin American, and global levels. Eighty-three texts were compiled and analyzed, showing concern for assessing the incidence of the disaster in the configuration of the processes of remembering and forgetting of the affected individuals, of society and of the disruptive event itself. The results show that, although significant progress has been made in the twenty years analyzed, the disciplinary field is still fragile in countries with a high propensity for disaster risk. Thus, the main conclusion that can be drawn is related to the insufficiency of studies that recover the memories of socio-natural disasters, that collect the voices of their victims, and that vindicate them as a form of material and symbolic reparation, after the disruptive event that transforms the existence of those affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After cardiovascular diseases, cancer, a non-communicable pathology, has been considered the second cause of death each year globally and as the most important barrier to increasing life expectancy in the 21st century. Advances of great relevance have been made in its prevention and treatment, however, there is still a long way to go to achieve an eff ective treatment for each type of cancer. This paper describes approaches to reposition and synthesis of hybrid molecules with potential antineoplastic activity. To obtain the key intermediate aldehyde, the Dess-Martin oxidation methodology was used, which was coupled with the corresponding ketones using LDA. The fi nal hybrid compounds were obtained as a racemic mixture. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of the fi nal compounds was evaluated against eight cell lines derived from human solid tumors, and four non-cancerous cell lines. The compound 11d turned out to be the most eff ective and with the highest safety index. The results suggested that these compounds could block the cell cycle and induce apoptosis and death in CCRF-CEM cells in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents robust estimators for binary and multinomial circular logistic regression, where a circular predictor is related to the response. An extensive Monte Carlo Simulation Study clearly shows the robustness of proposed methods. Finally, three numerical examples of Botany, Crime and Meteorology illustrate the application of these methods to Life and Social Sciences. Although in the Botany data the proposed method showed little improvement, in the Crime and Meteorological data an increment up to 5% and 4% of accuracy, respectively, is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes new parameterizations of the beta and beta binomial distributions as functions of the mean and variance parameters. From these new parameterizations, new beta and beta binomial linear regression models are formulated by assuming that appropriate real functions of the mean and variance follow linear regression structures. These models were fitted to real datasets by applying Bayesian methods, using the OpenBUGS software. The new beta regression models were fitted to the Dyslexia Reading Accuracy dataset and the new beta binomial regression models were applied to the School Absenteeism Dataset. In both cases, the results obtained by fitting these models were compared with those obtained by fitting the usual mean and dispersion beta regression models and the mean and dispersion beta binomial regression models, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a set of important objective priors are examined for the Bayesian estimation of the parameters present in the Poisson-Exponential distribution P E. We derived the multivariate Jeffreys prior and the Maximal Data Information Prior. Reference prior and others priors proposed in the literature are also analyzed. We show that the posterior densities resulting from these approaches are proper although the respective priors are improper. Monte Carlo simulations are used to compare the efficiencies and to assess the sensitivity of the choice of the priors, mainly for small sample sizes. This simulation study shows that the mean square error, mean bias and coverage probability of credible intervals under Gamma, Jeffreys' rule and Box & Tiao priors presented equal results, whereas Jeffreys and Reference priors showed the best results. The MDIP prior had a worse performance in all analyzed situations showing not to be indicated for Bayesian analysis of the P E distribution. A real data set is analyzed for illustrative purpose of the Bayesian approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colombia is one of the most inequal countries in Latin America, which at the same time, is the most inequal region of the world. Even though this situation is discouraging it is not new, the difference lays on the importance that this situation has been taken in the political agenda in the nation, awakening multiple expectative between the citizens who has been the eternal losers: the poor. This paper focuses on the challenges that the new government of Gustavo Petro faces in matter of the inequality and poverty that affects over the half of the population in Colombia, at the same time provides a context of the Colombian case in the conjuncture of global and regional socioeconomic changes that incident on the chances of fulfill structural transformations at the social policy. Although this research acknowledges a large spectrum of inequalities existing in the territory (gender, generational, ethnic, racial) it focusses on the income inequality. This analysis takes place based on the data of specialized sources on the subject and the monitoring fluctuations of inequality in Colombia in the last decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide a local description of the curves with minimal length based at singularities in a family of polyhedral surfaces. These singularities are accumulation points of vertices with conical angles equal to π and 4π (or 3π, in a variation). While a part of the minimizing curves behaves quite like the ones reaching conical vertices, the singularities present features such as being connected to points arbitrarily close to them by exactly two minimizing curves. The spaces containing such singularities are constructed as metric quotients of an euclidean half-disk by certain identification patterns along its edge. These patterns are examples of what is known as paper-folding schemes, and we provide the foundational aspects about them which are necessary for our analysis. The arguments are based on elementary metric geometry and calculus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we obtain new inequalities of the Hermite-Hadamard type, in two different classes of convex dominated functions. Several known results from the literature are obtained as particular cases of our more general perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A homoclinic class is the closure of the transverse intersection points of the stable and unstable manifolds of a hyperbolic periodic orbit. In this paper, we prove, using the techniques presented in [1], that the Plykin and the Solenoid attractors are a homoclinic class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intersection of an affine hyperplane in L4 with the light cone C is called a conic section. In this paper, it is proved that the conic sections in L4 are either Riemannian spheres, hyperbolic spaces or horospheres, depending on the causal character of the hyperplane. Analogous results for affine sections of de Sitter and hyperbolic spaces in L4 are also presented at the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study the minimum depth of a subalgebra embed-ded in a factorization algebra, and outline how subring depth, in this context, is related to module depth of the regular left module representation of the given subalgebra, within the appropriate module ring. As a consequence, we produce specific results for subring depth of a Hopf subalgebra in its Drinfel'd double. Moreover we study a necessary and sufficient condition for normality of a Hopf algebra within a double cross product context, which is equivalent to depth 2, as it is well known by a result of Kadison. Using the sufficient condition, we then prove some results regarding minimum depth 2 for Drinfel'd double Hopf subalgebra pairs, particularly in the case of finite group algebras. Finally, we provide formulas for the centralizer of a normal Hopf subalgebra in a double cross product scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elemental impurities in Active Substances: a general perspective The elemental impurities must meet high quality requirements, in order to achieve this goal several analytical parameters such as a low impurity content is the capital importance. In this situation, several types of impurities can be mentioned for example: organic and inorganic impurities, mutagenic compounds, residual solvents, and elemental impurities. The relevance of the impurities is high because these compounds are toxic for the patient and can cause adverse effects in patients therefore they should be limited. Specifically the elemental impurities are residues of metal elements that come from the unit operations used in the manufacturing process of an active substance. These contaminant are classified in the ICHQ3D guide in four groups according to their toxicity and their presence in an active substance is explained by the synthesis process (raw materials, solvents, water) or by the wear of the productive equipment (reactors, centrifuges, dryers, mills). In order to determine the quantities of these compounds analytical methods are a fundamental part, since they must be sufficiently sensitive and specific. The evaluation through a risk analysis provides the theoretical information of the potential metallic impurities present in an active substance; a case study exemplifies this section. Another important aspect to take in account is the control of the presence of metal impurities in synthetic processes, so having an overview of the control methods is a paramount importance in order to establish the appropriate control strategy. In this section, a reported case is described. Finally, general trends in purification of an active substance provide an insight into developments in this area. This paper includes a brief review of the previously mentioned topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The American storyteller Grace Paley (December 11, 1922-August 22, 2007) has been known for her political activism and her ability to construct powerful voices which recollected female, migrant, and urban collective experiences in post-world war ii America. In her stories, Paley emphasizes the act of storytelling as a tool for creating a collective shared experience out of individual characters, making the personal and domestic collective and political. In this paper, I will analyze the role of Paley's most prominent narrator, Faith Darwin, bridging the gap between the private and public urban spheres in three different and evolutive stories: "A Conversation with My Father" (1972), "The Long-Distance Runner" and "Faith in a Tree" (1974). These stories exemplify how Faith uses different strategies in storytelling with the purpose of achieving personal identity and empowerment through communal identification and the recollection of familiar experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo se inserta en el campo de los estudios de la poesía oral, más específicamente el de las competencias de poetry slam, tomando como caso el Slam Coalkan, primer evento indígena a nivel mundial en ese formato, realizado en 2021 a través de una colaboración entre festivales de Brasil y Canadá, que reunió poetas de los hemisferios sur y norte de Abya Yala. A partir de una observación crítica, este estudio describe y analiza dicho campeonato, enfatizando la importancia de la oralidad para las culturas de los pueblos originarios, la cual es la protagonista en un contexto como el de los poetry slams. Anclado en referencias teóricas sobre literatura indígena, el estudio pretende resaltar la necesidad de una atenta escucha a las voces de esos sujetos históricamente silenciados y marginados que ponen de relieve saberes ancestrales en sus narrativas de lucha, emancipación y resistencia. Además, al divulgar este acontecimiento inédito, el artículo hace de su objetivo valorar y defender la legitimidad de la poesía que se produce y circula en los slams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yellow pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus) has become an alternative for agricultural production in several municipalities of the province of Lengupá, in the department of Boyacá, Colombia, with an expanding and consolidating international market due to its status as an exotic fruit. This paper presents the results of a mixed methods research conducted with producers affiliated with the PITAFCOL organization in the municipality of Miraflores. The characteristics of the fruit and its market were described, and the socioeconomic conditions of the members of the association, as well as their attitudes of trust, reciprocity, and solidarity under the perspective of social capital (bonding type) were characterized. The conclusions point to the need to strengthen the trust within the organization for its consolidation, improve the organizational practices and seek new allies for processing the fruit to generate added value to the product, as well as alternative economic activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we consider Bayesian estimation based on bivariate ranked set sample, in which units are ranked based on measurements made on an easily and exactly measurable auxiliary variable X which is correlated with the study variable Y. We obtain Bayes estimator for the scale parameter of the study variate Y, when (X, Y) follows a Morgenstern type bivariate Rayleigh distribution. The Bayes estimators are considered based on bivariate ranked set sampling, extreme ranked set sampling and maximum ranked set sampling with unequal sample. The accuracy of estimation methods in this paper is illustrated using simulation study. Finally, a real data set is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the coal mining in China is underground, which will inevitably cause surface deformation and trigger a series of geological disasters. Therefore, it is essential to find a suitable method to forecast the ground sinking caused by underground mining. The most commonly used prediction model in China is the probability integral model (PIM). But when this model is used in the geological condition of mining under thick loose layers, the predicted edge of the sinking basin will converge faster than the actual measured sinking situation. A geometric model (GM) with a similar model shape as the PIM but with a larger boundary value was established in this paper to solve this problem. Then an improved cuckoo search algorithm (ICSA) was proposed in this paper to calculate the GM parameters. The stability and reliability of the ICSA were verified through a simulated working face. At last, the ICSA, in combination with the GM and the PIM, was used to fit 6 working faces with the geological mining condition of thick loose layers in the Huainan mining area. The results prove that GM can solve the above-mentioned PIM problem when it is used in geological mining conditions of thick loose layers. And it was obtained through comparative analysis that the GM and the PIM parameters can take the same value except for the main influence radius. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bovine mastitis is defined as inflammation of the udder caused mainly by bacterial pathogens and depending on the degree of inflammation it is classified as subclinical and clinical. Particularly in the subclinical form, there are no alterations in milk, udder or animal, but it does affect its components, impairing its use in the dairy industry, and leading to significant economic losses due to discard and decrease in production. Therefore, the detection of subclinical mastitis is based on field and laboratory tests. Currently, there are several methods, mostly based on the measurement of somatic cells present in milk because of the inflammatory process. In this paper, an approach is made on the different methods of detection of subclinical mastitis in milk from conventional or traditional to alternative methods with greater precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents new data on mineral composition and geochemical peculiarities of ores from the Albazinskoe gold-bearing deposit (Khabarovsk region, Far East of Russia). Excepting earlier known ore minerals represented by sulfides of iron, arsenic, lead, zinc, and copper, authors have established about two tens of ore minerals, new for this deposit. Among them are sulfides of antimony, bismuth and molybdenum, native bismuth, copper, nickel, silver, tellurides of bismuth, cobalt sulphoarsenite, nickel sulphoantimonite, silver sulphobismuthites, lead-antimony-bismuth sulphosalts, oxides of tin, titanium, tungsten and some others. The revealed specificity of the ores' material composition indicates this deposit belongs to the gold-rare metallic ore-formational type. The sets of geological and structural data show that gold-bearing deposits of this ore-formational type are spatially and genetically associated with the granitoid magmatism, which is exhibited within transform continental margin and related to the geodynamic mode of sliding of the continental and oceanic lithospheric plates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A quest for life on Mars (LoMars) started in the early 1960s when the most prestigious scientific journals published several research articles. According to Elsevier's Scopus database, the rise in annual literature production started in the late 1990s, most likely associated with the launch of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) first rover, Sojourner, in 1996. The number of articles on Mars will likely continue to rise sharply, given that the launch and landing of the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover are critical to discovering and understanding the present or past life on the planet. Thus far, the USA has dominated in the number of citations and collaborations related to Mars research, given its facilities equipped with relevant infrastructure and researchers' capacity to explore the Solar System beyond Earth. Most of these frequently cited papers report observational and theoretical research results. However, a highly cited article is based on analytical studies of a unique Martian meteorite (i.e., Allan Hills 84001) found in Antarctica. It is expected that the future sample return mission associated with the Perseverance Rover caching system could increase the LoMars research exponentially in the coming decades if Martian samples are successfully brought to Earth. Based on the total number of publications on LoMars, the most influential institute, the author, and the journal are Caltech, C.P. McKay, and Icarus, respectively. Both the institute and the author are directly affiliated with NASA, indicating the leadership offered by the organization in LoMars research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, three case studies are analyzed in Uruguay at the basin level, to identify the factors that favor the flood phenomenon. Transformations in land use and eventually climate change are considered. Over a 30-year period, land use modifications were evaluated using a Geographic Information System, and the variability of rainfall and river levels was analyzed. The three basins show completely different behavior from their land use change, and show increasing trends in rainfall over the period analyzed. It is evident that land use change is one of the most influential factors in the increase of flooding in urban areas. These transformations are mostly related to the exploitation of soil for the generation of commodities for export and generate modifications in the agrarian territories in Uruguay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pairwise comparisons or post-hoc methods are used for determining the source of the difference of group means in one-way ANOVA. These methods are mostly depend on normality assumption. However, nonnormal distributions are more prevalent than normal distribution. Therefore, robust estimation methods become very important tools in statistical analysis. In this paper, we assume that the distribution of the error terms is Azzalini's skew t and obtain the robust estimators in order to make post-hoc tests in one-way ANOVA. We use maximum likelihood (ML) methodology and compare this methodology with some of robust estimators like M estimator, Wave estimator, trimmed mean and modified maximum likelihood (MML) methodology with Monte Carlo simulation study. Simulation results show that the proposed methodology is more preferable. We also compare power values of the test statistics and conclude that the test statistics based on the ML estimators are more powerful than the test statistics based on other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the entropy measures and their generalization path, in the direction of statistics and information science, recently, Sunoj & Linu (2012) proposed the cumulative residual Renyi's entropy of order α and its dynamic version and studied its main properties. In this paper, we introduce an alternative measure of cumulative residual Renyi's entropy (CRRE) of order α which, unlike the mentioned one, is positive for all distributions and all values of α. We also consider its dynamic version and study their main properties in the context of reliability theory and stochastic orders. We give an estimator of the proposed CRRE and investigate its exact and asymptotic distribution. Numerous examples illustrating the theory are also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asymmetric probability distributions have been widely studied by various authors in recent decades. Special interest has been had families of flexible distributions with the capability to have into account degree of skewness and kurtosis greater than the classical distributions widely known in statistical theory. While, most of the new distributions _t unimodal data, and a few fit bimodal data, in the bimodal proposals, singularity problems have been found in the information matrices. Therefore, in this paper, extensions of the alpha-power family of distributions are developed, which have non-singular information matrix. The new proposals are based on the bimodal-normal and bimodal elliptical skew-normal distributions. These new extensions allow modeling asymmetric bimodal data, which are commonly found in several areas of scientific interest. The properties of these new distributions of probability are also studied in detail, and the statistical inference process is carried out to estimate the parameters of the proposed models. The stochastic convergence for the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) vector can be found due to the non-singularity of the expected information matrix in the corresponding support. We also introduced extensions of the asymmetric bimodal normal and bimodal elliptical skew-normal models for the situations in which the data present censorship. A small simulation study to evaluate the properties of the MLE is also presented and, finally, two applications to real data set are presented for illustrative purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]