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Purpose: The number of citations has been widely used to measure the significance of a paper. However, there is a need in introducing another index to determine superiority or inferiority of papers with the same number of citations. We determine superiority or inferiority of papers by using the ranking based on the number of citations and PageRank. Design/methodology/approach: We show the positive linear correlation between Citation Rank (the ranking of the number of citation) and PageRank. On this basis, we identify high-quality, prestige, emerging, and popular papers. Findings: We found that the high-quality papers belong to the subjects of biochemistry and molecular biology, chemistry, and multidisciplinary sciences. The prestige papers correspond to the subjects of computer science, engineering, and information science. The emerging papers are related to biochemistry and molecular biology, as well as those published in the journal "Cell." The popular papers belong to the subject of multidisciplinary sciences. Research limitations: We analyze the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) from 1981 to 2015 to calculate Citation Rank and PageRank within a citation network consisting of 34,666,719 papers and 591,321,826 citations. Practical implications: Our method is applicable to forecast emerging fields of research subjects in science and helps policymakers to consider science policy. Originality/value: We calculated PageRank for a giant citation network which is extremely larger than the citation networks investigated by previous researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Science as a whole is organized into broad fields, and as a consequence, research, resources, students, etc., are also classified, assigned, or invited following a similar structure. Some fields have been established for centuries, and some others are just flourishing. Funding, staff, etc., to support fields are offered if there is some activity on it, commonly measured in terms of the number of published scientific papers. How to find them? There exist well-respected listings where scientific journals are ascribed to one or more knowledge fields. Such lists are human-made, but the complexity begins when a field covers more than one area of knowledge. How to discern if a particular paper is devoted to a field not considered in such lists? In this work, we propose a methodology able to classify the universe of papers into two classes; those belonging to the field of interest, and those that do not. This proposed procedure learns from the title and abstract of papers published in monothematic or "pure" journals. Provided that such journals exist, the procedure could be applied to any field of knowledge. We tested the process with Geographic Information Science. The field has contacts with Computer Science, Mathematics, Cartography, and others, a fact which makes the task very difficult. We also tested our procedure and analyzed its results with three different criteria, illustrating its power and capabilities. Interesting findings were found, where our proposed solution reached similar results as human taggers also similar results compared with state-of-the-art related work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informatics education has been in a cul-de-sac for several years (not only in Hungary), being less and less able to meet the needs of the industry and higher education. In addition, the latest PISA survey shows that--to put it a little strongly--the majority of the x-, y- and z generations are digital illiterates. The aim of this paper to examine what could be done in order to improve the situation.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as an innovative technology with the potential to revolutionize various industries including libraries and information science. Academic libraries are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance services, improve efficiency, and enhance user experience. This study utilizes a bibliometric approach to comprehensively analyze current research on AI in academic libraries (AI in ALs). This study employed bibliometric indicators to identify key trends, patterns, and research gaps in the existing literature. A comprehensive dataset of 373 research papers on AI in ALs published between 2002 and 2022 was collected and analyzed using the Scopus database. Various bibliometric tools, such as Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, and BibExcel, have enhanced this analysis. The findings of this study provide important insights. By 2022, there were 64 publications, constituting 17.16% of the total corpus, accompanied by 65 citations. In contrast, 2019 witnessed only 33 publications yet accumulated a substantial number of citations, amounting to 294, representing 8.85% of the overall citations. Conference papers exhibited the highest frequency among different publication types, with 165 publications, whereas journal articles had the highest citation count, accumulating 217 citations. Geographically, China emerged as the leading contributor with 119 publications, and Wuhan University stood out as the most prominent affiliation. Notably, the "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" series emerged as the most prolific source title, publishing 15 articles, of which eight were cited. The authors Wang J., Wang C., and Wang X. from China demonstrated significant contributions, consistently publishing four papers annually from 2010 to 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioinformatics--the so-called shotgun marriage between biology and computer science--is an interdiscipline. Despite interdisciplinarity being seen as a virtue, for having the capacity to solve complex problems and foster innovation, it has the potential to place projects and people in anomalous categories. For example, valorised "outputs" in academia are often defined and rewarded by discipline. Bioinformatics, as an interdisciplinary bricolage, incorporates experts from various disciplinary cultures with their own distinct ways of working. Perceived problems of interdisciplinarity include difficulties of making explicit knowledge that is practical, theoretical, or cognitive. But successful interdisciplinary research also depends on an understanding of disciplinary cultures and value systems, often only tacitly understood by members of the communities in question. In bioinformatics, the "parent" disciplines have different value systems; for example, what is considered worthwhile research by computer scientists can be thought of as trivial by biologists, and "vice versa." This paper concentrates on the problems of reward and recognition described by scientists working in academic bioinformatics in the United Kingdom. We highlight problems that are a consequence of its cross-cultural make-up, recognising that the mismatches in knowledge in this borderland take place not just at the level of the practical, theoretical, or epistemological, but also at the cultural level, too. The trend in big, interdisciplinary science is towards multiple authors on a single paper; in bioinformatics this has created "hybrid" or "fractional" scientists who find they are being positioned not just in-between established disciplines but also in-between as middle authors or, worse still, left off papers altogether.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore a possible strategic role for computing ethics and investigate how they might align with corporate values and higher education (HE) strategy making. Design/methodology/approach: A longitudinal study of a university in the South East of England is used to examine qualitative findings and develop a formative discussion. The findings, discussion and conceptual framework draw upon documents analysis and 14 semi-structured interviews with senior informants involved in strategy making and implementation within a HE case study setting. Findings: Findings are discussed in terms of: first, dealing with everyday computing ethical issues facing HE, such as common information technology (IT) threats and data protection; second, responding to ethical opportunities, dilemmas and challenges associated with the adoption of new information and communication technology in areas such as eLearning; and third, harnessing aligned IT opportunities, computing ethics and organizational values for long-term strategy development. Research limitations/implications: This paper is important for strategic decision makers as they consider the joined-up nature of computing ethics and organizational strategy. Explicating hidden ethical opportunity and threat dimensions of eLearning, computing networks and organizational design should be an area for future research. The authors are limited by the use of a single case study, and generalizability of findings. Originality/value: The contribution of the paper is a macro-analytical and conceptual approach that explores tentative links between computing ethics, corporate values and strategy making, while supporting future empirical studies between traditionally disparate research domains.

The present paper seeks to quantify the scholarly literature on Information Literacy (IL) during the last two decades by collecting data from the Scopus database from 2002 to 2021. The overall output includes 8769 records and 73181 citations. The average citation per paper is 10.81. "Communication in Computer and Information Science" was the most influential source among the titles for publishing research, with 386 papers. With 59 articles, Maria Pinto, affiliated with Granada University, has been named the most productive author. Lloyd has the most citations as well as the highest hindex. Purdue University and the University of Granada have been the most notable affiliations in institutional research production. The United States accounted for 42.70 percent of research production in total publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how early career-related factors can predict the future research performance of computer and information scientists. Although a few bibliometric studies have previously investigated multiple factors relating to early career scientists that significantly predict their future research performance, there have been limited studies on early career-related factors affecting scientists in the fields of information science and computer science. This study analyzes 4102 scientists whose publishing careers started in the same year. The criteria used to quantify future research performance of the target scientists included the number of publications and citation counts of publications in a 4-year citation window to indicate future research productivity and research impact, respectively. These criteria were regressed on 13 early career-related factors. The results showed that these factors accounted for about 27% and 23% of the future productivity of the target scientists in terms of journal articles and conference papers, respectively; these 13 factors were also responsible for 19% of the future impact of target scientists' journal articles and 19% of the future impact of their conference papers. The factor that most contributed to explaining the future research performance (i.e. publication numbers) and future research impact (i.e. citation counts of publications) was the number of publications (both journal articles and conference papers) produced by the target scientists in their early career years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The National Cancer Institute Informatics Technology for Cancer Research (ITCR) program provides a series of funding mechanisms to create an ecosystem of open-source software (OSS) that serves the needs of cancer research. As the ITCR ecosystem substantially grows, it faces the challenge of the long-term sustainability of the software being developed by ITCR grantees. To address this challenge, the ITCR sustainability and industry partnership working group (SIP-WG) was convened in 2019.Objective: The charter of the SIP-WG is to investigate options to enhance the long-term sustainability of the OSS being developed by ITCR, in part by developing a collection of business model archetypes that can serve as sustainability plans for ITCR OSS development initiatives. The working group assembled models from the ITCR program, from other studies, and from the engagement of its extensive network of relationships with other organizations (eg, Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Open Source Initiative, and Software Sustainability Institute) in support of this objective.Methods: This paper reviews the existing sustainability models and describes 10 OSS use cases disseminated by the SIP-WG and others, including 3D Slicer, Bioconductor, Cytoscape, Globus, i2b2 (Informatics for Integrating Biology and the Bedside) and tranSMART, Insight Toolkit, Linux, Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics tools, R, and REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture), in 10 sustainability aspects: governance, documentation, code quality, support, ecosystem collaboration, security, legal, finance, marketing, and dependency hygiene.Results: Information available to the public reveals that all 10 OSS have effective governance, comprehensive documentation, high code quality, reliable dependency hygiene, strong user and developer support, and active marketing. These OSS include a variety of licensing models (eg, general public license version 2, general public license version 3, Berkeley Software Distribution, and Apache 3) and financial models (eg, federal research funding, industry and membership support, and commercial support). However, detailed information on ecosystem collaboration and security is not publicly provided by most OSS.Conclusions: We recommend 6 essential attributes for research software: alignment with unmet scientific needs, a dedicated development team, a vibrant user community, a feasible licensing model, a sustainable financial model, and effective product management. We also stress important actions to be considered in future ITCR activities that involve the discussion of the sustainability and licensing models for ITCR OSS, the establishment of a central library, the allocation of consulting resources to code quality control, ecosystem collaboration, security, and dependency hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coauthorship prediction applies predictive analytics to bibliographic data to predict authors who are highly likely to be coauthors. In this study, we propose an approach for coauthorship prediction based on bibliographic network embedding through a graph‐based bibliographic data model that can be used to model common bibliographic data, including papers, terms, sources, authors, departments, research interests, universities, and countries. A real‐world dataset released by AMiner that includes more than 2 million papers, 8 million citations, and 1.7 million authors were integrated into a large bibliographic network using the proposed bibliographic data model. Translation‐based methods were applied to the entities and relationships to generate their low‐dimensional embeddings while preserving their connectivity information in the original bibliographic network. We applied machine learning algorithms to embeddings that represent the coauthorship relationships of the two authors and achieved high prediction results. The reference model, which is the combination of a network embedding size of 100, the most basic translation‐based method, and a gradient boosting method achieved an F1 score of 0.9 and even higher scores are obtainable with different embedding sizes and more advanced embedding methods. Thus, the strengths of the proposed approach lie in its customizable components under a unified framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document titled "IEEE Computer Society Call for Papers" includes a list of references related to heterogeneous high-performance computing (HPC). The references cover topics such as co-design for HPC, hardware accelerator integration, performance models for heterogeneous computing, multi-chip technologies, and the Supercomputer Fugaku CPU A64fx. The document also provides contact information for Bapi Vinnakota, an engineer at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and John M. Shalf, the department head for computer science at the same laboratory. [Extracted from the article]

What are the landmark papers in scientific disciplines? Which papers are indispensable for scientific progress? These are typical questions which are of interest not only for researchers (who frequently know the answers – or guess to know them) but also for the interested general public. Citation counts can be used to identify very useful papers since they reflect the wisdom of the crowd – in this case, the scientists using published results for their research. In this study, we identified with recently developed methods for the program CRExplorer landmark publications in nearly all Web of Science subject categories (WoS-SCs). These are publications which belong more frequently than other publications during the citing years to the top-1‰ in their subject area. As examples, we show the results of five subject categories: 'Information Science & Library Science', 'Computer Science, Information Systems', 'Computer Science, Software Engineering', 'Psychology, Social' and, 'Chemistry, Physical'. The results of the other WoS-SCs can be found online at http://crexplorer.net. An analyst of the results should keep in mind that the identification of landmark papers depends on the used methods and data. Small differences in methods and/or data may lead to other results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the importance of clinical informatics in neonatal care, highlighting its potential to provide critical resources for clinicians. Topics include the specialized data needed for neonatal care, the challenges in transitioning from paper to electronic health records, and the impact of informatics on real-time patient management and research.

Continuous improvement in the clinical performance of neonatal intensive care units (NICU) depends on the use of locally relevant, reliable data. However, neonatal databases with these characteristics are typically unavailable in NICUs using paper-based records, while in those using electronic records, the inaccuracy of data and the inability to customize commercial data systems limit their usability for quality improvement or research purposes. We describe the characteristics and uses of a simple, neonatologist-centered data system that has been successfully maintained for 30 years, with minimal resources and serving multiple purposes, including quality improvement, administrative, research support and educational functions. Structurally, our system comprises customized paper and electronic components, while key functional aspects include the attending-based recording of diagnoses, integration into clinical workflows, multilevel data accuracy and validation checks, and periodic reporting on both data quality and NICU performance results. We provide examples of data validation methods and trends observed over three decades, and discuss essential elements for the successful implementation of this system. This database is reliable and easily maintained; it can be developed from simple paper-based forms or used to supplement the functionality and end-user customizability of existing electronic medical records. This system should be readily adaptable to NICUs in either high- or limited-resource environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to commemorate the late scholar Loet Leydesdorff for his great academic contribution on the basis of data from Web of Science. In the span of more than 40 years, he had 526 publications, with the years 2004-2021 being the most productive (394 publications). His international collaborations spread widely across 36 countries, with Germany, the USA, the UK, China, Russia, and South Korea being the most significant. His most frequent collaboration partners included Lutz Bornmann (Germany), Staša Milojević (USA), Caroline Wagner (USA), Henry Etzkowitz (USA), Jonathan Adams (UK), Ronald Rousseau (Belgium), and Ping Zhou (China). With a broad and deep knowledge background, Leydesdorff's research extended across multiple disciplines and fields, but he was most active in library and information science and computer science. He made profound contributions to the study of bibliometrics, innovation systems (the Triple Helix model), and communications. Leydesdorff had a remarkable and extensive citation impact, with citations in 221 WoS subject categories from 120 countries. His publications in 1996, 1998, 2000, 2005, 2006, and 2012 are highly cited, and those on university-industry-government relations (the Triple Helix model) are the most cited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geovisualization is an interdisciplinary field that combines cartography, geographic information science, computer science, psychology, and more. It involves representing spatial data in various ways, such as maps, animations, and interactive configurations, to explore relationships, patterns, and trends related to geographic entities and phenomena. This article presents eight contributions to the field, including topics such as urban planning, color in maps and art, spatial modeling, construction cost visualization, hydrological flow calculation, map-based data visualization, cartographic generalization, and historical cartographic data representation. The article highlights the challenges and opportunities in geovisualization and emphasizes its importance in conveying meaningful information in the era of big data and artificial intelligence. [Extracted from the article]

The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), together with other federal agencies, launched the National Robotics Initiative (NRI) program in 2011. The aim of the NRI is to accelerate the development and use of collaborative robots (corobots), which work beside or cooperatively with people. To date, the NRI program has involved multiple directorates of the NSF (Computer and Information Science and Engineering; Engineering; Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences; and Education and Human Resources) and several other federal research funding agencies [the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), NASA, and the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)]. As the program prepared to announce its sixth round of awards in the summer of 2017, we took the opportunity to reflect on the impacts of the first five years of NRI funding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To analyze the AI research in the field of nursing, to explore the current situation, hot topics, and prospects of AI research in the field of nursing, and to provide a reference for researchers to carry out related studies. Methods: We used the VOSviewer 1.6.17, SciMAT, and CiteSpace 5.8.R3 to generate visual cooperation network maps for the country, organizations, authors, citations, and keywords and perform burst detection, theme evolution, and so forth. Findings A total of 9318 articles were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Four hundred and thirty‐one AI research related to the field of nursing was published by 855 institutions from 54 countries. CIN‐Computers Informatics Nursing was the top productive journal. The United States was the dominant country. The transnational cooperation between authors from developed countries was closer than that between authors from developing countries. The main hot topics included nurse rostering, nursing diagnosis, nursing decision support, disease risk factor prediction, nursing big data management, expert system, support vector machine, decision tree, deep learning, natural language processing, and nursing education. Machine learning represented one of the cutting‐edge and most applicable branches of artificial intelligence in the field of nursing, and deep learning was the hottest technology among many machine learning methods in recent years. One of the most cited papers was published by Burke in 2004 and cited 500 times, which critically evaluated AI methods to deal with nurse scheduling problems. Conclusions: Although AI has been paid more and more attention to the field of nursing, there is still a lack of high‐yielding authors who have been engaged in this field for a long time. Most of the high contribution authors and institutions came from developed countries; therefore, more transnational and multi‐disciplinary cooperation is needed to promote the development of AI in the nursing field. This bibliometric analysis not only provided a comprehensive overview to help researchers to understand the important articles, journals, potential collaborators, and institutions in this field but also analyzed the history, hot spots, and future trends of the research topic to provide inspiration for researchers to choose research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Information seeking is often performed in collaborative contexts. The research into such collaborative information seeking (CIS) has been proceeding since the 1990s but lacks methodological discussions. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss methodological issues in existing CIS studies.Design/methodology/approach The authors systematically review 69 empirical CIS studies.Findings The review shows that the most common methods of data collection are lab experiments (43 percent), observation (19 percent) and surveys (16 percent), that the most common methods of data analysis are description (33 percent), statistical testing (29 percent) and content analysis (19 percent) and that CIS studies involve a fairly even mix of novice, intermediate and specialist participants. However, the authors also find that CIS research is dominated by exploratory studies, leaves it largely unexplored in what ways the findings of a study may be specific to the particular study setting, appears to assign primacy to precision at the expense of generalizability, struggles with investigating how CIS activities extend over time and provides data about behavior to a larger extent than about reasons, experiences and especially outcomes.Research limitations/implications The major implication of this review is its identification of the need for a shared model to which individual CIS studies can contribute in a cumulative manner. To support the development of such a model, the authors discuss a model of the core CIS process and a model of the factors that trigger CIS.Originality/value This study assesses the current state of CIS research, provides guidance for future CIS studies and aims to inspire further methodological discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of Dark Knowledge, an epistemology that acknowledges both alternative knowledge and ways of knowing which are cognizant of the moral and ethical positioning of each. Design/methodology/approach: This is a conceptual paper that uses existing relevant literature to develop the work. The paper uses a four-stage literature search process and draws upon a range of disciplines, including philosophy, computer science and information management, to underpin the evolution of the concept. Findings: As a conceptual paper, no empirical findings are presented. Instead, the paper presents an embryonic model of Dark Knowledge and identifies a number of characteristics, which may be used to explore the concept in more detail. Research limitations/implications: There is a clear need to develop a body of empirical work, adding to the theoretical perspectives presented in this paper. It is anticipated that this paper will provide one of the cornerstones for future studies in this area. Originality/value: The paper makes an original contribution to the study of information behaviours, practices and epistemology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The puncturing and shortening techniques are two important approaches to constructing new linear codes from old ones. In the past 70 years, a lot of progress on the puncturing technique has been made, and many works on punctured linear codes have been done. Many families of linear codes with interesting parameters have been obtained with the puncturing technique. However, little research on the shortening technique has been done and there are only a handful references on shortened linear codes. The first objective of this paper is to prove some general theory for shortened linear codes. The second objective is to study some shortened codes of the Hamming codes, Simplex codes, some Reed-Muller codes, and ovoid codes. Eleven families of optimal shortened codes over finite fields are presented in this paper. As a byproduct, five infinite families of 2-designs are also constructed from some of the shortened codes presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid deployment of emergency remote teaching in the pandemic presents sweeping societal‐level information systems phenomena worthy of scholarly inquiry. This paper reports findings from teacher interviews conducted with K‐12 public school teachers, exploring how digital access and use gaps in communities reflect wider digital and social inequalities as schools fulfilled emergency remote teaching mandates, becoming swept up into e‐learning technology expansion trends propelled by mandates, and unfettered corporate edtech. Results show persistence of home and school level digital affordance gaps as hindrances to pandemic pedagogy. We build upon theory of the digital divide, and crisis and critical informatics literature considering how critical approaches to the study of socio‐technical systems research can inform these understandings, providing insights into how localized digital inequities contribute to broader digital inequality and social inequality, in the educative processes expected of public education in democratic societies. Our work gives voice to one highly pressured and conflicted stakeholder in these dynamics—K‐12 public school teachers—and demonstrates some of the ways in which digital inequity gaps may play a further magnifying role of societal division through expanding edtech deployment in K‐12 grades, if current edtech trends hold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to present methodology to personalise learning using learning analytics and to make further decisions on suitability, acceptance and use of personalised learning units. In the paper, first of all, related research review is presented. Further, an original methodology to personalise learning applying learning analytics in virtual learning environments and empirical research results are presented. Using this learning personalisation methodology, decision-making model and method are proposed to evaluate suitability, acceptance and use of personalised learning units. Personalised learning units evaluation methodology presented in the paper is based on (1) well-known principles of Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis for identifying evaluation criteria; (2) Educational Technology Acceptance & Satisfaction Model (ETAS-M) based on well-known Unified Theory on Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, and (3) probabilistic suitability indexes to identify learning components' suitability to particular students' needs according to their learning styles. In the paper, there are also examples of implementing the methodology using different weights of evaluation criteria. This methodology is applicable in real life situations where teachers have to help students to create and apply learning units that are most suitable for their needs and thus to improve education quality and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business Information Systems (BIS) is a professional discipline that combines Computer Science, Management, and Business Administration. In this article the researchers evaluate the evolution of BIS curriculum in terms of its past, present and future, considering its historical background, the existing strengths and weaknesses, and how it can be developed to meet market needs. The study reveals the skills required by a BIS graduate and highlights how the existing/existed BIS curricula have made their graduates weaker when compared with Computer Science and Business Administration specialists. The research further compares the existential crisis of BIS with Library and Information Science (LIS) discipline, which have also faced a similar controversial crisis concerning their disciplinary boundaries, whether it belong to Social and Behavioral Sciences or Computer Science and Engineering and yet succeeded in its growth and contributions. This research concludes that the BIS curriculum is still budding and needs to be re-evaluated and updated regularly to meet the changing demands of the market highlighting the need for collaboration between academia and industry to ensure that BIS graduates are equipped with the skills that employers require. The paper finally proposes a balanced model of BIS curriculum that incorporates the latest technology updates. The proposed curriculum model aims to address the current gaps in BIS education and meets the changing demands of the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Context: Most studies about programming misconceptions are conducted at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Since the age level for starting learning programming is getting lower, there is a need for determining programming misconceptions for younger learners. Objective: Our goal is to determine programming misconceptions and their time‐resistance for programming novices at the K‐12 level using Python as a text‐based programming language. Method: We conducted research in the school settings during informatics classes among 98 fifth‐grade students in three elementary schools. We analysed the data collected from two Python tests students took immediately after programming lectures and 5 months later. Results and Conclusions: We detected seven misconceptions: (a) Assigning the expression instead of the calculated value, (b) When reassigning the variable value, assigning the sum value to the variable, (c) Using the symbolic name of the variable instead of its value, (d) Using the first (or previously) assigned variable value, (e) Datatype misconception, (f) Sequencing misconception, and (g) Swapping variable values. By shifting focus on variables and spending more time introducing variables and sequencing during teaching, the appearance of known misconceptions is minimized compared to previous findings. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Programming misconceptions are known issues since the beginning of learning programming in the early 1980sMost programming misconceptions are time resistant.Most studies about misconceptions are conducted at the undergraduate and graduate levels. What this paper adds: The goal of the study is to determine programming misconceptions for programming novices at the K‐12 level.Three more misconceptions about basic programming concepts are revealed compared to the previous findings.By shifting focus on variables and spending more time introducing variables and sequencing during teaching, the appearance of known misconceptions is minimized. Implications for practice and/or policy: Being aware of misconceptions is an important aspect of a teacher's pedagogical knowledge to foster students learning.Aiming to prevent the known misconceptions, teachers can minimize it by interventions during teaching.The educators should emphasize the underlying conceptual programming concepts rather than syntactic ones related to the programming language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited, life-limiting chronic health condition that impacts many organ systems including the lungs, pancreas, liver, intestines, and reproductive organs. Given the various organ systems impacted, treatments can be complex, burdensome, and time consuming. In addition, the stress and emotional impact of CF on caregivers as well as patients is significant. This paper describes delivery of psychosocial care across developmental stages in the largest pediatric CF center in the country. The focus will be on goals of care as well as assessment and intervention strategies. Furthermore, clinical informatics and next steps also will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presented here a collection of conference papers is a Special Volume on Recent Trends in Computing that was compiled by the editors for the Mathematical and Computational Forestry & Natural-Resource Sciences (MCFNS) journal. The creation of this Special Issue and the Special Section, which contains it, was requested by the organizers of the International Conference on Recent Trends in Computing (ICRTC-2017), held on Dec. 14-15, 2017, at the SRM Institute of Science and Technology (formerly SRM University) on the NCR Campus, Tamil Nadu, India. The purpose of the Special Section hosting this volume is to contain publications originated from this and other similar scientific endeavors involving research on developments of computing technology as relevant to various Computational Sciences associated with natural resources or related to their research and management. In the current issue, dedicated in its entirety to this conference, we present a set of the papers in this category, which includes 29 selected examples of research that have been reviewed externally by the conference organizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bringing evidence into policy and practice discussions is political; more so when evidence from health studies or programme data are deemed controversial or unexpected, or when results are manipulated and misrepresented. Furthermore, opinion and misinformation in recent years has challenged our notions about how to achieve evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM). Health policy and systems (HPS) researchers and practitioners are battling misrepresentation that only serves to detract from important health issues or, worse, benefit powerful interests. This paper describes cases of politically and socially controversial evidence presented by researchers, practitioners and journalists during the Health Systems Research Symposium 2020. These cases cut across global contexts and range from public debates on vaccination, comprehensive sexual education, and tobacco to more inward debates around performance-based financing and EIDM in refugee policy. The consequences of engaging in controversial research include threats to commercial profit, perceived assaults on moral beliefs, censorship, fear of reprisal, and infodemics. Consequences for public health include research(er) hesitancy, contribution to corruption and leakage, researcher reflexivity, and ethical concerns within the HPS research and EIDM fields. Recommendations for supporting researchers, practitioners and advocates include better training and support structures for responding to controversy, safe spaces for sharing experiences, and modifying incentive structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Expanding networks of data portals and repositories linked to electronic patient record systems, along with advances in information technology, have created both new opportunities in improving public health and new challenges in protecting patient privacy. The purpose of this paper is to review stakeholder perspectives and provide a framework for promoting implementation of current privacy protection improvement recommendations.Design/methodology/approach This paper summarizes a workshop session discussion stemming from the 2017 Information Technology and Communication in Health (ITCH) biennial international conference in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. The perspectives within health service research, journalism, informatics and privacy protection were represented.Findings Problems underlying gaps in privacy protection in the USA and Canada, along with then-current changes recommended by public health leaders as well as Information and Privacy Commissioners, were identified in a session of the 2015 ITCH conference. During the 2017 conference, a workshop outlined the current situation, identifying ongoing challenges and a lack of significant progress. This paper summarizes that 2017 discussion identifying political climate as the major impediment to progress on this issue. It concludes with a framework to guide the path forward.Originality/value This paper provides an international perspective to problems, resources and solution pathways with links useful to readers in all countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a profile of information scientist and professor Judit Bar-Ilan. It mentions her scholarly papers on library management and internet research as well as her contribution in field of scientometrics. Her analysis on web search engine language issues, content analysis, and information retrieval is discussed. Also discussed are her contribution in citation analysis, webometrics, and altmetrics.

In this paper, the authors define a new approach that addresses the challenge of efficiently designing informational artefacts for optimal knowledge acquisition, an important issue in cognitive ergonomics. Termed Industrial Knowledge Design (or InK'D), it draws from information-related (e.g. informatics) and neurosciences-related (e.g. neuroergonomics) disciplines. Although it can be used for a broad scope of communication-driven business functions, our focus as learning professionals is on conveying knowledge for purposes of training, education, and performance support. This paper discusses preliminary principles of InK'D practice that can be employed to maximise the quality and quantity of transferred knowledge through interaction design. The paper codifies tacit knowledge into explicit concepts that can be leveraged by expert and non-expert knowledge designers alike. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The papers in this special section focus on the use of predictive modeling in the area of health informatics. These papers were presented at the fifth BCB conference that was held in September 2014 at Newport Beach, CA. Predictive modeling in health informatics is an emerging discipline, data analytics in the era of Digital Health. The BCB conference emphasizes research projects with new computer science and information science such as machine learning and entity classification. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Social network analysis is a multidisciplinary research covering informatics, mathematics, sociology, management, psychology, etc. In the last decade, the development of online social media has provided individuals with a fascinating platform of sharing knowledge and interests. With hundreds of millions of users worldwide, online social networks (OSNs) offer incredible opportunities for social connection, learning, political and social change, and individual entertainment and enhancement in multiple contexts. Though OSNs are highly beneficial, it suffers from different kinds of malicious bots (e.g., spammers, fake followers, social bots, and content polluters). Malicious bots have abused the power of OSNs such as Twitter, Face book, and Weibo continuously caused significant disturbance to the overall online social environment and shaped unhealthy trends, bias, and misbelieve in societies. These social networks have many challenges like community detection based on the user behavior, influential nodes etc., In this paper, these two challenges have been taken and compared against various parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coronavirus crisis is causing considerable disruption and anguish. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent explosion of telehealth services also provide an unparalleled opportunity to consider ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) beyond immediate needs. Ethicists, informaticians, and others can learn from experience, and evaluate information technology practices and evidence on which to base policy and standards, identify significant values and issues, and revise ethical guidelines. This paper builds on professional organizations' guidelines and ELSI scholarship to develop emerging concerns illuminated by current experience. Four ethical themes characterized previous literature: quality of care and the doctor–patient relationship, access, consent, and privacy. More attention is needed to these and to expanding the scope of ethical analysis to include health information technologies. An applied ethics approach to ELSI would addresses context-specific issues and the relationships between people and technologies, and facilitate effective and ethical institutionalization of telehealth and other health information technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to explore the motivation and expectations of stakeholders (students, teachers, and employers) related to their participation in simulated work-integrated learning (WIL) taking place in a form of work-related projects in an academic environment. Analysis is based on data gathered from 49 students, four teachers and six employers who participated in WIL within four different units of study in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) at the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Organization and Informatics (FOI), Croatia. The findings of this research revealed that student learning, student career development and increasing quality of learning and teaching are common motivational factors for stakeholders' participation in WIL. Additional factors pertinent to respective stakeholders' motivation and expectations are also detected. The results of this study can help higher education institutions (HEIs) in the organization of WIL practices to increase motivation and meet expectations of all stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: As part of social sciences, Library and Information Science (LIS) has experienced development in COVID-19 discussions through the academic lens. The increasing number of research related to COVID-19 across subject areas is a response by researchers to overcome this crisis, including research in the LIS field. This research aims to describe the characteristics and trends of the keywords. It also aims to describe the most productive journals, institutions, and countries related to COVID-19 in LIS research. Methods: We analysed 250 documents related to "COVID-19" in LIS research area indexed in Scopus during 2020-2022. VOSviewer was used to analyse the thematic trends and hotspot of the literature. Results: Two hundred and fifty articles were found in 77 journals. The analysis showed that the COVID-19 publications have increased in around 30 months. In terms of the journal, Library Philosophy and Practice published articles in a significant number. Meanwhile, the University of South Africa is the most productive institution. The content analysis found 5 themes dealing with academic libraries (n=56), public libraries (=22), library services (n=18), digital libraries (=12), and social media (n=12). LIS is an interdisciplinary field that has been dealing with various research areas such as social science, arts and humanities, and computer sciences. Conclusion: This study provides an overview of trends based on the most popular keywords. The results provide further information for both LIS researchers and other researchers in other areas. Future research should discuss the trend of combining non-LIS areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Canada, 100,000 people suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) every year. The prevalence of moderate to severe TBI is highest for young men, who will live an average of 50 years with this chronic condition associated with physical, emotional and cognitive deficits. Meal preparation, a complex activity with high safety risks, is one of the most significant activities impacted by TBI. Technology shows great promise to support their overall functioning, but no context-aware technology is available to support meal preparation for this population. The main goal of this study was to design and test a technology to support meal preparation with and for persons with severe TBI living in a supported-living residence. As part of a transdisciplinary technology project linking rehabilitation and informatics, COOK (Cognitive Orthosis for coOKing) was designed with and for future users and stakeholders with a user-centred design methodology. COOK was implemented in three participants' apartments, and its usability was evaluated at 1, 3 and 6 months post-implementation. COOK is a context-aware assistive technology consisting of two main systems: security and cognitive support system. After implementation of COOK, participants were able to resume safe preparation of meals independently. Usability testing showed good effectiveness and an acceptable level of satisfaction. COOK appears promising for rehabilitating clients with cognitive disabilities, improving safety in a home environment, and diminishing the need for human supervision. Future studies will need to explore how COOK can be adapted to a broader TBI population, other environments, and other clienteles. This paper presents a promising context-aware assistive technology for cognition designed with and for clients with severe brain injury to support their independence in meal preparation; COOK, (Cognitive Orthesis for coOKing) is the first cooking assistant in which evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation interventions have been translated into smart technological assistance, to support cognition and ensure safety in a real-life context; Its context-aware characteristic ensures that users receive the assistance they need at the right time and at the right moment. The long-term perspective regarding the use of COOK in clinical practice is promising as this technology has the potential of becoming an additional means of supporting the rehabilitation of people with cognitive impairments and becoming part of a comprehensive solution to help them live at home more independently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many applications, top- k query is an important operation to return a set of interesting points in a potentially huge data space. The existing algorithms, either maintaining too many candidates, or requiring assistant structures built on the specific attribute subset, or returning results with probabilistic guarantee, cannot process top- k query on massive data efficiently. This paper proposes a sorted-list-based TKAP algorithm, which utilizes some data structures of low space overhead, to efficiently compute top- k results on massive data. In round-robin retrieval on sorted lists, TKAP performs adaptive pruning operation and maintains the required candidates until the stop condition is satisfied. The adaptive pruning operation can be adjusted by the information obtained in round-robin retrieval to achieve a better pruning effect. The adaptive pruning rule is developed in this paper, along with its theoretical analysis. The extensive experimental results, conducted on synthetic and real-life data sets, show the significant advantage of TKAP over the existing algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a country to be allowed to send a national delegation to the International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI), it must organise a national competition to select the national delegation. In addition to the competition, trainings can also be proposed to the selected contestants to train them specifically for the IOI. How to organise the national contests is at the discretion of countries, so far as fairness is ensured among all the potential candidates. This paper reviews common structural elements and activities organised by several countries, for the advertisement of the national contest, the steps of the selection process and the proposed trainings. Specific activities added by countries according to cultural aspects or other country-specific characteristics are highlighted with the reasons motivating the integration of those activities. Based on the review, this paper summarises the key activities that could be organised by any country, with explanations about what they bring to the national contestants and motivation for their organisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The aim of this study was to provide an introduction to nutrition informatics, including a brief history and a rationale of its importance for Australian dietetics. Methods The study method used was a narrative review informed by a literature review and expert consultation with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Results Nutrition informatics has demonstrated potential to improve efficiencies, reduce costs, support research and ultimately enhance patient care. Governments and organisations have identified this as an emerging priority area. The Dietitians Association of Australia has launched initiatives to advocate and provide strategic advice on dietetic involvement in biomedical informatics and specifically nutrition informatics. Conclusions If nutrition standards and processes are not integrated into information systems, dietitians may inherit technologies that do not support dietetic work practices, and opportunities to enhance nutrition services may be missed. It is recommended that dietitians be aware of the opportunities and potential benefits of nutrition informatics, become familiar and involved in technology initiatives, and take the lead in guiding the development and implementation of technologies that may impact patient nutritional care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Successful design and implementation of interoperable health IT requires an understanding of specific technological capabilities of systems, as well as how these systems impact clinical workflow. Several existing frameworks classify interoperability levels, but none focus on the impact on clinical work, particularly at the task level. A synthesis of existing interoperability frameworks from select interoperability frameworks in the literature about both medical and non-medical systems is presented and a new, 7-level framework in order to characterise the effect of varying levels of interoperability on the users’ work based upon qualitative data collected in a field study of the use of health information exchange in 12 ambulatory practices is proposed. The lowest level describes paper-based tasks completed with no access to electronic information from other institutions; the highest level describes interoperable systems in which data elements from other institutions are integrated into the patient's record seamlessly and in a computable format. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper discusses the development of the approaches of S. Gorn and Yu. Shreider on the integration of computer and information sciences in order to form informatics as a conceptual unified computer and information branch or a group of branches of science. The purpose of the integration is to make informatics a theoretical foundation for the development of new information and communication and other converging technologies, as well as for prediction of capabilities of their future generations. In this paper, we construct a table of the interfaces of informatics as a computer and information science for the productive implementation of the predictive function of the table. By definition, the diagonal cells of the table describe domain objects of informatics, while the remainder of the cells are used for interfaces between objects. The table contains cells for the already known interfaces, such as the ones that are inherent to human-computer interactions. There are empty or partially filled cells for theoretically possible but thus-far unstudied objects and interfaces of both informatics and other branches of science that use information and communication and convergent technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how typical users of YouTube judge the relevance of videos in leisure contexts; what are the reasons users give when judging video material as relevant or not relevant?Design/methodology/approach A naturalistic diary was performed in which 30 participants completed diaries providing details on their video relevance criteria. The analysis revealed 28 relevance criteria grouped into eight categories.Findings In total, 28 relevance criteria were identified through the analyses of the diaries’ content and they were grouped into eight categories. The findings revealed that criteria related to the content of the video are the most dominant group of criteria with topicality being the most dominant criterion. There is a considerable overlap between leisure relevance criteria and previous relevance criteria studies, but the importance of these criteria varies among different contexts. New criteria, e.g. habit emerged from the data which tend to be more related to leisure contexts.Research limitations/implications The decision to follow a naturalistic approach reduced the level of control on the study. A further limitation can be found in the participants’ sample used in this study, all the participants of the main study were university or college students.Practical implications This study attempted to enrich the current literature by investigating users’ video relevance criteria in leisure contexts. This investigation might have implications on the design of video search systems.Originality/value Previous relevance criteria studies focussed on work contexts and the information judged was mainly in text format. This paper outlines new insights by investigating video relevance criteria in leisure context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents conceptual design and architecture of an informatics solution that aims to implement analytical models for optimization and forecasting the electricity demand and generation, simulation and what if analysis for efficient trading activities on wholesale energy markets in Romania. The informatics solution will be developed as a prototype on a cloud computing platform in order to allow easy access to energy providers and network operators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The NHS England Radiotherapy Service Specification calls for routine use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). However, barriers exist at patient, healthcare professional and service levels. The aim of the present study was to determine the current use of PROMs within radiotherapy services in England. The current attitudes, barriers and enablers to the implementation of PROMs in radiotherapy practice were evaluated and practical recommendations to inform future implementation were developed. A mixed-methods approach was adopted to obtain quantitative and qualitative data. An online questionnaire was developed and disseminated to all radiotherapy operational delivery network managers across England. The questionnaire consisted of 12 open and closed questions relating to PROMs use, with the option to provide free-text responses. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted on free-text comments, whereas descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative data. In total, 182 responses were received from 40 of the 50 radiotherapy providers, resulting in a response rate of 84%. The current use of PROMs was analysed, including rationale for use, tools used, format of PROMs collection and timing within the radiotherapy pathway. Most respondents indicated that PROMs were used in the context of clinical trials only. Through thematic analysis, four identical key themes were identified relating to both barriers and enablers to PROMs use; these included IT infrastructure, time, human/financial resources and training/education. A fifth theme, standardisation, was identified as a key enabler to PROMs use. Our findings show that outside of clinical trials, PROMs are not routinely used in radiotherapy services due to barriers identified at professional and service levels. Here we provide recommendations to mitigate the barriers identified and implement PROMs in radiotherapy, including training for healthcare professionals and standardisation of PROMs tools and storage. This study provides a key first step in driving PROMs implementation within radiotherapy services across England. • Outside of clinical trials, PROMs were not widely used within radiotherapy services. • Common PROMs used included QOL, anxiety/depression and urinary/bowel function tools. • PROMs are completed using either paper or electronic forms, by staff or patients. • Barriers include IT infrastructure, time, resources (staff/finances) and training. • Enablers included IT, time, resources, training and standardisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]