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The article discusses overcrowded conditions in the Calais, France, refugee camp known as the Jungle, and efforts by many migrant children there to resettle in Great Britain or France. According to the article, the British and French governments consider the camp an illegal migrant settlement, so United Nations (U.N.) relief groups were unable to assist the refugees there.

The article reports on the unified move and agreement of the six members of the European Community to tie together their currencies into one big monetary union. It states that the governments of West Germany, France, Denmark, and the Benelux nations have created the European Currency Unit (ecu) as a bookkeeping device for European central banks starting January 2, 1979. It notes that West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt has primarily moved to ensure that the member nations' currencies will move together either up or down but in unison.

The article discusses the global price trend of gold, considered as mystical symbol of eternal value. It stresses the conclusion of investors that the purchasing power of most major currencies will depreciate in the future. It notes that the price of gold has increased abruptly to 163 dollar per ounce in London, England in the last week of February 1947. It discusses the implication on the forecasted inflation rates in the U.S., Europe and Japan which has disturbed investors. It discusses the move of some central bankers showing renewed interest in gold, whereas some government officials have suggested tripling or quadrupling the 42.22 dollar price of gold held by government banks. Moreover, the gold production in South Africa is outlined.

The article focuses on the monetary crisis of European countries in 1968. It states that the European monetary system, which was based from the use of gold as determinant of exchange rates, has faced problems because of its imperfections. It tells that countries were also unable to keep exchange rates steady according to the conditions of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). However, it suggests certain measures to be taken to solve the crisis such as the creation of flexible exchange rates.

The article offers information on several television (TV) towers in the world. It says that Tokyo, Japan has a TV tower which is 40 feet higher than the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. It relates that TV towers also rise in several parts of Europe including London, England, Stuttgart, Germany and Rotterdam, Netherlands. Moreover, it mentions that the 1,722 feet high Moscow tower in Russia will be 250 feet taller than the Empire State Building in New York City once the construction is completed.

The article focuses on the issues concerning U.S. companies establishing their businesses in Europe. It states that U.S. executives realized the complexities involving European labor since the country's labor policies are more demanding compared to U.S. labor. It mentions the realizations made by American businessmen including the difference in working habits among Europeans, provision of fringe benefits, medical and pension necessities, and government policies against laying off workers.

The article reports that the increase in sales of gold by Russia has reduced gold prices in Europe in 1953. Analysts estimate that Russia has sold nearly 9 million U.S. dollars worth of gold and that it will use sales proceeds to pay its trade deficits. To prevent further drops in gold prices and the prices of gold Napoleons, the French government has started buying gold coins to support the market.

The article looks at the way of life of the readers of the magazine "Time" in Europe, Africa and the Middle East. Danish Paul Grene invites "Time" correspondents to visit his home. The average age of Atlantic edition readers is 38 years and majority of them attended colleges and universities. The readers are also found to be involved in business and professions.

The article offers information on U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson, who conducted visits to Europe and Latin America. Among the countries he visited include Berlin, Germany and Vienna, Austria. Acheson reported on his meeting with Austrian chancellor Leopold Figl, who presented him with a performance of the Children's Ballet of the Vienna Opera.

The article focuses on Italian composer Luigi Nono who applied the philosophy of nonrepitition to his music. Nono is one of the most respected avant-garde composers in Europe and wrote at least one dynamic marking over every note and word in the score to achieve balancing in his music. His work includes the song "She Has Come: Songs for Silvia," a first birthday present to his daughter Sylvia that gave him an ovation from the crowd.

The article offers information on the role of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in keeping the peace among 50 divisions in Europe. General Jean-Etienne Valluy, NATO's commanding general of Allied Forces, says that many NATO members have not kept their promises and failed on moral disengagement. Moreover, the author concludes that there is a general vexation, confusion and frustration in NATO with the attitude of France's Charles de Gaulle who rejects the integrated European defense.

The article focuses on the crisis on international monetary system in Europe. It states that the crisis is brought by the decision of Great Britain to release the pounds from a fixed value to prevent from having speculative cash. It says that the continuous crisis is considered to influence the normal trade and the investment in Europe. Moreover, former Defense Minister Helmut Schmidt views that West Germany will be pushed to revalue its money mark up if there will be no government controls.

The article offers information on the suggestion for effective traveling with children in Europe supplemented by Leila Hadley in her work "Guide to Traveling with Children in Europe." Hadley suggests the nursery whoop-de-doo Jelmoli's in Zurich, Switzerland where mothers can leave their children while shopping. She adds that the Anti-Poison Center of Brussels in Belgium can be contacted by parents to find an early antidote in case of poisoning during unlikely hours at night.

The article reports on the opening of several play schools for parents in Europe by psychiatrist Tobias Brocher, to teach parenting to parents. Brocher says that, he started the schools after he realized that there was no professional training for parenting, which perhaps is the most important profession in the life of parents. Brocher says that, it is necessary to first make the parents recall their childhood, as only then they will be able to understand themselves and their children better.

The article reports on the progress of talks about the issue of German rearmament as North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Supreme Commander Dwight Eisenhower called for the addition of at least 10 divisions from Germany of the 40 divisions that are required to defend Europe against Communist forces. Ren&eaute; Pleven of France had developed a compromise plan but its implementation dragged. Eisenhower finally convinced the reluctant French to accept some of the German demands.

The article assesses the strength and readiness of the Spanish armed forces under the regime of Spanish dictator Francisco Franco in 1951. France and Great Britain have acknowledged the importance of the Spanish army in countering the expansion of Communism in Europe. The inability of the Spanish army to enhance its military equipment is cited as its weakness. The Spanish navy also lacks modern communication equipment.

The article focuses on the return of U.S. Army General Dwight D. Eisenhower to Europe to take the supreme command of the National Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in January 1951. His task as commander is to persuade Western Europe to make sacrifices and prepare for another battle. A hero's welcome in Paris, France was declined by Eisenhower. In his speech to Europeans, he admitted that he has no miraculous plans in his return but he has faith in Europe.

The article explores the migration of Africans in Europe as of January 18, 2016. It highlights the case of Ethiopia which unemployment, especially of young people, is rampant despite economic progress and improvement in living condition and reduction in child mortality. Also mentioned is the activity of human smugglers who promise Africans of better life in Europe.

The article analyses the limits of free speech and expressions in modern democracies. Episodes like the recent uproar on the Prophet Muhammad's caricature demand a clear demarcation between a free speech and a hate speech, that might hurt public sentiments. The example of various European countries like France, Denmark and Germany are cited to bring out the instances where freedom of speech and democracy clash.

The article discusses whether the concept of gay marriage is acceptable to Europe in the context of French Dominique Adamski and Francis Dekens getting formally married on June 19, 2004 in France. Denmark became the first country in 1989 to institute legislation granting registered same-sex partners the same rights as married couples. Germany and Norway have registered partnership laws, giving some recognition to same-sex couples. Opinion polls attest to a growing acceptance of gay marriage.

The article discusses the increasing popularity of destinations weddings in Europe. According to a survey, more than 10% of British couples now choose destination weddings, and the figure is rising quickly as tour operators and vacation venues hard hit by slowdowns in the travel industry. Regency San Marino, an Italy-based destination wedding planner, plans some 600 ceremonies a year. One of the factors responsible for the popularity of a destination wedding is that it can actually save money.

Focuses on the treatment of autism in European countries, and ways which families of autistic children cope with the disorder. Lack of understanding of the disorder in countries such as Italy; Efforts of parents to obtain a correct diagnosis of the disorder in their children; Mention of the Leiden method, which involves a process of guided association in which children link specific objects with daily routines.

Reports on protests against the shipment of nuclear waste in Europe. How, since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, demonstrators have argued that nuclear waste moved by truck or rail is a target for terrorists; Mention of an agreement signed by the nuclear power industry that will phase out atomic energy in Germany; Statement that the European Union is split over the future of nuclear power.

Reports on the valuation of the euro as of May, 2000. Reasons that a weak euro benefits economies which rely on exports, such as that of Finland; Increasing concern among Europeans that the euro will not last; Involved countries' continued commitment to the currency; Outlook for the euro and European economies.

The article discusses several news stories which deal with members of the Roma community, allegations of child snatching, and the treatment of Romanies in various parts of Europe as of October 2013. According to the article, a blonde-haired, blue-eyed young girl named Maria was discovered in a Roma camp near Larissa, Greece. Other topics include human trafficking, DNA tests, and the deportation of 15-year-old Roma schoolgirl Leonarda Dibrani and her family from France to Kosovo.

The author examines the indignation of several European countries about the negative implications of the war on terrorism being led by the U.S. The opposition of some European countries to the alleged transportation of suspected terrorists by the Central Intelligence Agency to countries where they were tortured is cited. The seriousness of Europe about opposing torture is examined.

The article reports on U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice's tour to eight European countries. She went there with good news out of Iraq. She was relieved that the Iraqi election had seen an unexpectedly high turnout and relatively low violence. Rice also brought with her a reassuring message of President George W. Bush. She said in London, England, that Bush has desire to reinvigorate U.S. relations across Europe and to take partnership to a new level of support and engagement.

Discusses space exploration programs in Europe. Ariane 5 rocket that crashed; Attempts by the European Space Agency (ESA) to build a global satellite positioning system, called Galileo; Money that has been spent on the project; Financial assistance that the ESA may get from China or Russia; Attempts of the ESA to get the European Commission to draft a policy on space exploration.

Reports on a counterfeit passport scandal involving French and Italian soccer teams. Use of forged or fraudulently attained European Union (EU) passports to sidestep limits on the number of non-EU players a team can employ; Case of Juan Sebatian Veron who is alleged to have obtained Italian citizenship using falsified documents; Earnings of soccer players.

Offers views on United States President George W. Bush concerning his relationship with European allies. Relationship thereof for Bush's predecessor, President Bill Clinton; Political rifts that await Bush; Issues including the National Missile Defense, peacekeeping troops in Bosnia and aid to Russia; Opinion that Bush may need his father's help dealing with Europe.

Discusses the trend of freely improvised music in Europe. Lack of rules to the music; Description of clubs throughout Europe, including the 2:13 Club in London, England; Discussion of artists who perform, including cellist Nikos Veliotis, composer George Adamis and folk singer Savina Yannatou.

Focuses on French Internet entrepreneur Michael Meyer. Position as chief executive of Internet service provider (IPO) MultiMania; Purchase of the company by Lycos Europe portal; Features of the company's Web site, including chat rooms and hosting of personal Web sites; Claim that European Internet companies will not experience the same hardships as those in the United States as of December, 2000.

Comments on the offer of OM Gruppen, a Swedish upstart, to purchase the London Stock Exchange. Planned merger between the London and Frankfurt exchanges; Efforts of OM to redefine the world of financial exchanges; Introduction of the euro as the common European currency for financial transactions, and the effect that has had on Europe's separate national stock markets.

Expresses the view that the strength of the proposed European Union military force, Eurodefense, is necessary to relations between Europe and the United States. Background of the issue; Discomfort felt by some Americans about a strong, independent Europe; Author's concern that the greatest danger to European defense is a lack of both spending power and determination to build a strong army.