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The 21 papers in this collection were presented at the meetings of two sections and three round tables of the Division of Education and Research: (1) "Library and Information Services in Culturally Diverse Communities" (Cheryl Metoyer-Duran); (2) "Library Education in a Pluralistic Society" (Shmuel Sever); (3) "Each One an Individual: International Students in United States Library and Information Science Programs" (Julie Tallman); (4) "Instructing the User or Improving the System: Research and User Feedback for Interactive Library Catalogues" (Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu); (5) "La investigacion bibliotecologia en Mexico: por que, y para que" (Librarianship Research in Mexico: The Why and the What For) (Estela Morales); (6) "Scholars Seek Information: Information Seeking Behaviour and Information Needs of Humanities Scholars" (Harriet Lonnqvist); (7) "Bringing Rural Librarianship to Canada in the 1930s" (Maxine K. Rochester); (8) "Literacy and Reading in Iceland" (Darlene E. Weingand): (9) "Development in Reading in Yugoslavia" (Durda Mesic); (10) "The Possibility of Comparative Study on Children's and Young People's Reading Habits" (Jadwiga Hildengarda Kolodziejska); (11) "The Serial 'Librarianship and Bibliography Abroad' within the Professional Library Press System in the USSR" (Olga A. Diakonova and Olga V. Timokhina); (12) "The Study Circle Library in a Historical Perspective" (Lars Arvidson); (13) "In Search of the Informed Citizen: Study Circles as Bridges between Libraries and Learning" (Kenneth Abrahamsson); (14) "Need and Priority Areas for Continuing Education for Sub and Professional Information, Library and Archives Personnel in Tanzania" (Julita Nawe); (15) "The Continuum of Library Education: Maintaining Competence through the Professional Worklife" (Darlene E. Weingand); (16) "Continuing Education: An Australian Perspective" (Fay Nicholson and Angela Bridgland); (17) "Distance Education in Library and Information Science Education" (Fred W. Roper); (18) "Open and Distance Learning in Continuing Education" (Borje Holmberg); (19) "CPE (Continuing Professional Education) on the Management of Change in Academic and Research Libraries" (Riitta Makinen); (20) "U.S. Government Support for Continuing Professional Education for Librarians" (Anne J. Mathews and Thomas C. Phelps); and (21) "Adult Learning in Study Circles" (Henry Blid). (MAB)

From mathematics education, a great variety of studies have focused on analyzing the presence of digital technology from different points of view. Those who work with proof and argumentation have resisted presenting results with a technological component, due to the idea of formality associated with those terms, which has increased the existing tension between the theoretical and empirical nature of mathematics. Taking into consideration that with the presence of environments such as dynamic geometry software (DGS) the student can access to dynamic representations, we seek to understand the impact of the interaction with these representations on the arguments proposed by the students. For this, we carried out an exploratory and descriptive study whose results show that the interaction with dynamic representations provides students with validation tools different from those on paper. [For the complete proceedings, see ED630210.]

In this paper we describe an educational proposal for prospective secondary school mathematics teachers in Mexico, whose aim was to contribute to the development of their didactic-mathematical knowledge about linear variation through mathematical tasks, the development of the competence of identifying primary mathematical objects and the reflection on hypothetical cases of teaching. The proposal is supported within both the Onto-semiotic Approach (EOS) and the Mathematics Teacher's Didactic-Mathematical Knowledge and Competence model. The proposal follows a design research methodology based on EOS. The results show the complexity related to the development of the competence of identifying primary mathematical objects, they also highlight the influence that competence has on the development of the epistemic and cognitive facets of prospective teachers' didactic-mathematical knowledge on linear variation. [For the complete proceedings, see ED629884.]

This paper presents a case study that is part of a research studying how university statistics teachers integrate digital tools in their practice. The case study is of a teacher who claims to follow constructionist ideas for her teaching of statistics, using the R programming language. The teacher developed a series of activities with R, aiming to promote the understanding of statistical concepts. We observed 11 of her classes, in a three-week period. These classes were analyzed using as framework the notion of Instrumental Orchestration and Papert's constructionist principles. We identified four ways in which this teacher orchestrates her class and the constructionist elements present in them. [For the complete proceedings, see ED629884.]

This paper presents the design and analysis of a Model-Eliciting Activity (MEA), which aims to support the refinement of the conceptual system associated with directly proportional distribution problems (example: linear function, percentage, proportion, variation, etc.). The situation explores a context that is close to the student, encouraging the construction of a generalizable mathematical model that can be transferred to diverse contexts. For the design, the principles of the Models and Modeling perspective (Lesh and Doerr, 2003) were considered. The target population were students enrolled in the first semesters of a university degree in Accounting. For the analysis, we considered the construction of models (performed in teams); the mathematical representations within the process observed (such as diagrams and tabular organizations); as well as the individual solutions of the students. [For the complete proceedings, see ED629884.]

Six of the seven papers in this collection focus on regional library activities in Africa, Asia and Oceania, and Latin America and the Caribbean: (1) "Libraries and Information Services in a Changing World: The Challenges African Information Services Face at the End of the 1980s" (Dejen Abate, Ethiopia); (2) "The Computer and Knowledge Information Development in Malaysia: Some Perspectives" (Edward Lim Huck Tee); (3) "New Development of Scientific and Technical Information Services in China" (Wang Jiabin, China); (4) "El Papel de las Asociaciones Profesionales (The Role of Professional Associations)" (Maria Casas de Faunce, Puerto Rico, in Spanish only); (5) "Library and Information Services in a Changing World: An African Point of View" (A. Olugboyega Banjo, Nigeria); and (6)"Report of the Activities of the Regional Section for Asia and Oceania 1986-1987" (J. S. Soosai, Malaysia). The seventh paper was delivered at a joint meeting of the Division of Regional Activities and the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: "Library Development Worldwide: The Role of the British Council" (Gillian Roche, United Kingdom). (CGD)

This article describes the results of an investigation based on a Models and Modeling Perspective [MMP]. We present the evolution of the models built by university students when solving a model development sequence designed to promote their learning of the exponential function. As a result, we observed that students' thinking was modified, expanded, and refined, as they developed different iterations of their models. Students' models evolved by creating, first, linear models that required direction; second, models where there was no dissociation between linear and exponential behavior; then, situated exponential models; and finally, sharable, and reusable exponential models. [For the complete proceedings, see ED630060.]

Researchers, who have studied the understanding of the density property in the set of decimal numbers, have shown that the student uses the property of the discrete of natural numbers to solve tasks related to density. So, a restructuring of concepts is necessary, that is, a conceptual change from "the discrete" to "the dense". This report presents evidence from ten pre-service teachers from Mexico City that this change can initiate through the implementation of a didactic sequence. The pre-service teachers managed to visualize that a decimal number can be found in an interval. Consequently, they were able to conceive an infinity. However, several of them persisted with the idea of the existence of a successor in the set of decimal numbers. [For the complete proceedings, see ED629884.]

The aim of this investigation is to explore the preservice teachers' reasoning about variation (variability or spread) when they analyze data in situations that involve risk. In particular, in this communication the responses to two problems of a questionnaire administered to 96 preservice teachers are reported. The problems are of comparing groups of data in situations of risk: stakes in games and the life expected after medical treatments. The questionnaire was applied before the preservice teachers began a course of statistical information processing and the results showed the difficulty found by students to interpret variation in this type of contexts. For these results it is necessary to reflect on the instruction of future teachers about the meanings of measures of center dispersion and dispersion to contribute to an improvement in their academic training. [This paper is written in both Spanish and English. For complete proceedings, see ED581294.]

In this study we show the models that students of administration and accounting careers built when performing an activity close to the real life, with the use of Excel. The representations and ideas exhibited by the students when they used the software are analyzed. The methodology was qualitative. The theoretical framework was the Models and Modeling Perspective. The results show that the use of the tool allowed the dynamic exploration of mathematical concepts such as: covariation, rate of change and exponential function. The students formulated conjectures, arguments, explanations and justifications. [For the complete proceedings, see ED606556.]

In this research we discuss relating the description of certain harmonic phenomena, with models that represent them, with the goal of promoting the understanding of the period, the frequency, and the amplitude of the trigonometric functions, particularly referring to sinusoidal functions; in this way the frontier between sinusoidal functions and one of its areas of application to physics is preserved. This is an ongoing research study where digital technology like a movement sensor is employed in order to generate graphics related to sinusoidal functions, in which the movement features followed by harmonic phenomena are identified. It is important to mention the use of an approach where it is possible to transit alternatively from the analysis of the phenomena to the mathematical model. It is conjectured that the way it approaches sinusoidal functions could help assign meaning to the model f(x) =Acos(?x+[phi]). [Written in both Spanish and English. For the complete proceedings, see ED583608.]

The articles included in this volume were selected as exemplary papers from the conference in Mexico. The goal of the forum was to provide an opportunity for researchers from the three branches of the Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana (UAM) to meet and discuss research projects currently in progress at the university. The works presented here reflect the wide interests and research priorities that are currently being investigated in the field of foreign language education. Papers include: "The Literary Text as a Reflective Tool and Active Reading Experience in the Foreign Language Classroom (Yvonne Cansigno Gutierrez, Luz Maria Reyna Malvaez Swain); "The Attitude of the University Student Toward Learning English and Its Impact on School Success: The Case of English Reading Classes at the UAM-Iztapalapa" (Susana Ibarra-Puig); "On the Threshold of Cross-Cultural Encounters" (Margaret Lee Zoreda); "Assessment in Foreign Languages: An Essential Part of the Teaching-Learning Process" (Margarita Elena Magana Sanchez, Mamoudou Si Diop, Amalia Tellez Salazar); "The Goal, Justification, and Basis of a Choral Poetry Workshop in the German Language, Designed for the UAM-Azcapotzalco" (Maria Clotilde Rivera Ochoa); and "Towards an Analysis of the Psycholinguistic Determinants of the Processing of Written Academic Discourse in a Foreign Language: The Case of Cognitive Style" (Javier Vivaldo Lima). (LH)

The 12 papers in this collection were presented during the meetings of three sections of the Division of Regional Activities: (1) "Which Way African Librarianship?" (Kingo Mchombu); (2) "The Expansion of the University of the Air of Japan and the Changing Function of Regional University Libraries" (Katsuhiro Jinzaki); (3) "Mobilization of Library Resources for Literacy, Knowledge, and Development in the English-Speaking Caribbean" (Albertina Jefferson); (4) "Los recursos bibliotecarios en America Latina. Panorama general" (Library Resources in Latin America. The General Panorama) (Rosa Maria Fernandez de Zamora); (5) "Public Libraries. Information and Citizenship" (May Brooking Negrao and Sonja Regina Ceu Bertonazzi); (6) "Technological Prospects for Libraries in Developing Countries" (Edward J. Valauskas); (7) "Community Information and Referral Services in Rural Areas of Southeast Asia: A Conceptual Framework" (Katni Kamsono Kibat); (8) "Impact of Information Technology on Libraries in India" (Janak Raj); (9) "The Third Wave and the Third World Libraries" (K. Navalani); (10) "The Future of Librarianship in Africa" (Anthony Olden); (11) "El manejo de informacion sobre cultura popular: una estrategia de la biblioteca publica para estimular el acceso al conocimiento y apoyar procesos de alfabetizacion" (The Management of Information on Popular Culture: A Strategy of the Public Library To Stimulate the Access to Knowledge and To Support Literacy) (Myriam Mejia); and (12) a paper on Information Science (Shawky Salem). (MAB)

Career education should be part of every subject area on every grade level, from kindergarten through graduate school. Its components--self-awareness, educational awareness, career awareness, and curriculum infusion--can be included in language classes through special activities gleaned from career books, newspapers, and magazines; through judicious use of the regular classroom text; and by using the ancillary texts recommended. Important career activities described here include a Career Day and school and classroom bulletin boards for career information. Motivating activities are suggested for improving students' speaking, reading, and writing skills. Three texts dealing specifically with careers in foreign languages are mentioned, as well as a number of foreign language texts with information on numerous careers, which can be used in language and/or conversation courses at various levels. There is a sizable appendix containing an annotated bibiliography, guidelines for conducting a Career Day, and activities for each of the four aspects of career education. Some materials are given in both Spanish and English. (Author/AMH)

The six papers in this collection were presented at three sections of the Division of Regional Activities: (1) "A la recherche d'Approches adaptees aux Besoins en Documentation des Africains (In Search of an Approach Adapted to the Information Needs of Africans)" (Touria Temsamani Haji, Morocco); (2) "People's Libraries: An African Perspective" (Philip van Zijl, South Africa); (3) "Community Resource Centres and Their Contribution to the Development of an Alternative Public Library Model in South Africa" (Mary Nassimbeni); (4) "Growth of Libraries Since the Beginning of India's Civilization" (M. K. Jain); (5) "User Education in Chinese Academic Libraries: A Study of Current Programs in Taiwan" (Ellen F. Liu); and (6) "La biblioteca publica como centro de desarrollo cultural comunitario: una experiencia de conceptualizacion (The Public Library as a Cultural Center for the Community: An Experience of Conceptualization)" (Myriam Mejia, Colombia). (MAB)