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Context: Healthcare programs innovate to improve teaching of Indigenous realities to nonindigenous undergraduates. However, there are no validated French-language scales to measure the impact of those interventions on prejudices toward Indigenous peoples. Goal: This paper aims at presenting the French translation and preliminary validation of the Old-Fashioned and Modern Prejudiced Attitudes Toward Aboriginals Scales (O-PATAS and M-PATAS). Methods: Thirty medical students completed the original version (OV) and translated (TV) and 78 additional students completed the TV. Cronbach’s alpha (α) andMcDonald’s omega(ω) were used to assess the reliability of the scales. Concurrent validity was assessed with intra-class correlations and paired t-tests comparing OV and TV scores. Construct validity was explored with a two-factor factorial analysis. Results: Fidelity of the TV scales is acceptable and comparable to the ones found in the OV (α≥0.81, ω≥0.85). The absence of difference between the OV and TV scores, and the strong intraclass correlation between the total scores in both languages (r ≥0.80, p<0.001) support concurrent validity of the TV. The factor analysis did not reproduce the 2-factors structure expected, likely due to a lack of power. Conclusion: This study reports a TV of the O-PATAS and M-PATAS with similar psychometric properties to their OV. A use of these versions at a larger scale will allow to assess their dimensionalities in French Canadian settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article informs about the Montherlant fund of the National Library of France (BnF) contains unpublished pieces relating to Liberation. Topics includethe Germans authorized its publicationas the Resistance fighters saw in it the book of a collaborator; and Paris address on the Quai Voltaire used as draft paper, dates from the publication of the "June Solstice" with organized narrative and memories of 1939-1940 in a form is self-writing and novel.

Résumé: La « visite pieuse » (ziyāra) rendue aux figures saintes du chiisme imamite ou duodécimain, à savoir les imams et certains de leurs descendants et compagnons, occupe une place centrale dans la vie de cette branche minoritaire de l'islam. Après une introduction sur la conception de la sainteté et les fondements doctrinaux des pratiques de visite pieuse dans le chiisme imamite, cet article analyse les croyances et les pratiques vouées particulièrement à l'un des lieux les plus visités du chiisme et de tout l'islam, à savoir la tombe du troisième imam al-Ḥusayn à Karbalā, considérée comme le lieu sacré par excellence. Nous étudions ensuite un texte couramment récité par les croyants et pèlerins, attribué au sixième imam Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq et intitulé Ziyārat al-wārith (« la visite de l'héritier [du Prophète] »). Il apparaît que ce texte ancien, objet d'un processus de canonisation au cours de l'histoire, a déterminé nombre de pratiques pieuses à Karbalā. Basé sur une approche anthropologique, cet article ne traite pas de l'histoire et de l'authenticité de ce texte mais de sa présence dans les formes vivantes de ziyāra contemporaines. Il vise à montrer la correspondance entre un texte traditionnel, normatif et canonique d'une part, et des pratiques vivantes, corporelles et langagières, de pèlerins de cultures différentes d'autre part, dans le monde chiite actuel. The 'pious visitation' (ziyāra) to the holy figures of Imami or Twelver Shiʿism, namely the Imams and some of their descendants and companions, plays a central role in the life of this minority branch of Islam. After an introduction on the conception of holiness and the doctrinal grounds for the visitation practices in Imami Shi'ism, this paper analyses the beliefs and practices particularly devoted to one of the most visited places within Shi'ism and the whole of Islam, i.e. the shrine of the third Imam al-Ḥusayn in Karbalā, considered as the holy place par excellence. We then study a text commonly recited by believers and pilgrims, attributed to the sixth Imam Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq, entitled Ziyārat al-wārith ('the visitation to the heir [of the Prophet]'). It appears that this ancient text, which has undergone a canonization process in the course of history, has shaped many of the devotional practices in Karbalā. Based on an anthropological approach, this article does not deal with the history and the authenticity of this text but with its presence in contemporary living forms of ziyāra. It aims to show the correspondence between a traditional, normative and canonical text on the one hand, and the of pilgrims from different cultures on the other, in the present-day Shiʿi world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reports on an international conference on territorial studies which all distance themselves from an industrial narrative and turn to the social history of petrochemical concentrations —the "corridors"— which questions the ecological, health, environmental consequences and social aspects of their location and highlights the sources of contestation of the populations subject to these nuisances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Toulouse studies in political ecology (Atécopol) was created in October 2018 as an informal network of scientists. This group was later acknowledged as an "expertise platform" by the Toulouse University and CNRS Maison des sciences de l'homme et de la société. It brings together a diversity of disciplines and professional statuses, the aim being to create bridges between scientific knowledge and social and political debates at regional scales and beyond. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, through the Atécopol initiative, both the positive outcomes and the challenges of adopting a political ecology posture and of claiming, as scientists, a moral position. Atécopol considers that researchers hold a responsibility both in the current state of ecological upheavals and in the failures to offer imaginaries beyond the technological paradigm. Atécopol therefore intends to transform local organizations and institutions within the research community, and more broadly within society as a whole. It emphasizes that even though individual agency is instrumental in ecological transformation, the central issue is to question the structures that reproduce the system of thinking and acting. The actions undertaken so far by Atécopol include knowledge circulation (training, communication, scientific events...), public interpellation (opinion columns, petitions...), as well as challenging research policies. The Atécopol experience meets growing success and is rich in challenges and lessons related to the democratic, political and moral dimensions of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The circular economy concept is currently being used in multiple ways. For some academics and organizations circular economy can be identified as a long term goal of achieved green growth while others argue that circular economy is fundamentally different from green growth. In this paper, we explore the conditions allowing green growth to be compatible with the concept of circular economy. Our model explicitly takes into account the possibility of a dematerializing of wealth production and raw material recycling through a green growth framework. We show that the reconciling of green growth with circular economy requires: (i) a fast decrease of the raw material intensity of economy far removed from present and past trajectories, (ii) the absence of a physical limitation to this decrease. This seems to indicate that green growth is essentially different from, and incompatible with the concept of circular economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work presented in this paper is the result of a more general study of all the non-flint lithic materials carried out on several sites of the early Upper Paleolithic of the Vézère valley (Dordogne, France). Among the many objects in this category, we present here only those showing traces of percussion use. Although these traces are most often present on river pebbles, other types of materials have also been used, including the re-use of flints originally knapped for something else. The study concerns three Aurignacian rock shelter sites (abri Blanchard and abri Castanet in Sergeac and Abri Cellier in Tursac) and the Final Gravettian levels of two other rock shelter sites (Pataud and Laugerie-Haute in Les Eyzies-de-Tayac). The collections studied have very different origins: collections from old excavations, collection from the spoil of old excavations and current excavations. Thus, these collections are very heterogeneous. Among the studied material, a macroscopic analysis revealed the presence of different categories of percussion tools, corresponding to diverse uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtue epistemology is among the dominant influences in mainstream epistemology today. An important commitment of one strand of virtue epistemology – responsibilist virtue epistemology – is that it must provide regulative normative guidance for good thinking. Recently, a number of virtue epistemologists (most notably Baehr) have held that virtue epistemology not only can provide regulative normative guidance, but moreover that we should reconceive the primary epistemic aim of all education as the inculcation of the intellectual virtues. Baehr's picture contrasts with another well-known position – that the primary aim of education is the promotion of critical thinking. In this paper – that we hold makes a contribution to both philosophy of education and epistemology and, a fortiori, epistemology of education – we challenge this picture. We outline three criteria that any putative aim of education must meet and hold that it is the aim of critical thinking, rather than the aim of instilling intellectual virtue, that best meets these criteria. On this basis, we propose a new challenge for intellectual virtue epistemology, next to the well-known empirically driven 'situationist challenge'. What we call the 'pedagogical challenge' maintains that the intellectual virtues approach does not have available a suitably effective pedagogy to qualify the acquisition of intellectual virtue as the primary aim of education. This is because the pedagogic model of the intellectual virtues approach (borrowed largely from exemplarist thinking) is not properly action-guiding. Instead, we hold that, without much further development in virtue-based theory, logic and critical thinking must still play the primary role in the epistemology of education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the therapeutic power of plants and plant foods has been the subject of numerous scientific studies. This is the case for herbal infusions (HIs). However, to our knowledge, little data is available on the theoretical and practical aspects supporting the health benefits of HIs, especially in the context of the new coronavirus (Covid-19). In this paper, this problem has been discussed, considering HI as both an extraction process and a complex chemical solution which is an aqueous herbal extract. In the particular case of the fight against influenza infections, the reactivity of essential oils, the volatile fraction of hot HI, may be explained by their chemical affinity with the viral target or others. Obviously, the liquid phase (aqueous extract) of infusion is richer in bioactive molecules compared to the vapor phase. However, there are non-volatile secondary metabolites which are less cited as HI components. It's the case of lectins, glycoproteins widespread in the plant kingdom and for which antiviral activity has been well demonstrated. Thus, describing these concepts could help shed some light on the health benefits of HIs in the context of the Covid-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica) is an emblematic species of Morocco, classified by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in the red list of endangered species. Determining its potential area under current climatic conditions is an essential step in planning and ensuring its conservation. In this paper, we applied the maximum-entropy algorithm (MaxEnt) to predict the current and potential distribution of the Atlas cedar in order to provide a basis for its conservation. The adjusted model had an excellent predictive quality (AUC = 0.967). The most significant variables influencing the distribution of Atlas cedar, under current climatic conditions, are the precipitation in the driest quarter, precipitation in the driest month, average annual temperature and relative humidity. The model developed made it possible to establish the first map of the suitable potential area of the Atlas cedar in Morocco. The results obtained will guide managers to identify favorable sites for the rehabilitation of the Atlas cedar threatened with extinction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In post-war Quebec, the fascicle format experienced a meteoric rise in popularity. In order to draw all the heuristic potential from an analysis of this format, our article is based on a detailed study of the editorial peritext of some forty fascicles of sentimental novels published between 1945 and 1963 by the Éditions Police-Journal. On the one hand, these dime novels are comparable to "small books"--each issue generally contains a single story spanning 32 pages. The publisher's branding, ostensibly serves as a guarantee of its quality. On the other hand, these objects with their soft and colourful covers are in constant dialogue with the magazine, often emulating its fundamental mechanisms. Through a detailed analysis of these little-explored romance novels, we hope to inspire a reflection on the popular print formats of the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article delves into a 1885 letter from Rachilde to Maurice Barrès, written on the margins of an illustrated paper. It is reported that the symbolic imagery of a dragonfly in the letter reappears in Barrès' later novel, emphasizing the enduring influence of this marginalia. It highlights the intricate connection between personal relationships and literary creation within the margins of correspondence.

This article deals with the views of Cosmas of Prague, the first Czech chronicler, on the role of the Church and its relations with the laymen. The Chronicle of the Czechs contains discreet but harsh critics against the so-called Gregorian Reform and its proponents. However, the dean of the Prague chapter shared with the latter the claim for a stronger independence of the Church and a clearer division between the religious and the secular worlds. Indeed, the chronicler criticized some of the bishops of Prague because they were mostly the servants of the Přemyslid princes at the expense of their episcopal duties. Moreover, he showed the damages caused by prelates who shared the way of life and the values of laymen, especially those who were from the Ducal dynasty. The Chronicle of the Czechs is also a mirror for the prelates of Prague and thus draws the portrayal of the ideal bishop, a figure embodied by Otto of Bamberg. This contribution is then aimed to show that the Chronicle is also a precious source of the Czech views on the major changes that occurred during the 11th and early 12th centuries in Latin Christianity. From Prague, the claims of Rome seemed quite absurd, but the Czech Churchmen shared the ideals of their Western contemporaries and were searching for a way to adapt them to the local situation and to put them into practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The National Botanical Conservatory of the Pyrénées and Midi-Pyrénées (CBNMP) and the National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment of Toulouse (INRAE) have produced a free access database of 768 meadow species of Midi-Pyrénées with their attributes: FlorealData (https://doi.org/10.15454/ADCQHT). We present here a spreadsheet "FlorealIndices", which allows, using the plant phytosociological record, to automatically calculate around ten agronomic and ecological indices. The production of these indices allows botanists, whether they are agronomists or more generally ecologists, to appropriate concepts from these two disciplines in order to facilitate hybridization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]