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The article reports on the use of disposable paper sacks instead of garbage cans by communities in Europe and the U.S. to reduce the noise in collecting trash and save on operating costs. The garbage bags are made from Kraft paper that are chemically treated to keep the pests away. The U.S. consumed 20 million paper sacks in 1967 that parallels the demand in Europe. The National Refuse Sack Council projects a continued increase in demand.

The article reports that Dutch company Océ-van der Grinten is optimistic that its 1700 plain paper copier can successfully compete against Xerox Corp. in the global copier market. Aside from launching the said product in the U.S., the company is also focused on developing more faster copiers in the future. Incoming company president J. J. Kaptein believes that the copier technology developed by the firm is better compared to the Xerox copier system. Details about the product marketing strategy of the film in Europe and in the U.S. are described.

Reports that mining companies in the U.S. and Europe are seizing stock certificates. Possible forgeries associated with the certificates; Addition of value of the certificates through unusual graphics; Decision of collector firm R.M. Smythe and Co. to auction mining paper as part of a larger stock certificate sale in Memphis, Tennessee, on June 15 and 16, 1990.

The article presents an outlook for the impact of a new preliminary draft on corporate foreign exchange operations to be released by the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). It is expected that corporations that have been showing gains in their quarterly income statements may see major losses under the new rules. Major upward revisions on the asset side of the balance sheets of the foreign subsidiaries of U.S. multinationals doing business in Europe and Japan.

The article reports on the solution that was devised by the engineering staff of the United Nations Relief & Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) to prevent theft or hijacking of merchandise to be distributed as relief supplies in liberated supplies in Europe.

The article discusses the increasing number of companies in Europe that merge to deal with competition problems in 1966. It means that their merger is a way of managing their production units, financial resources as well as research and development facilities efficiently. According to the author, the biggest merger in the works is the pending collaboration of chemical manufacturers Edison and Montecatini in Italy. INSET: Italy plans for a giant in chemicals.

The article offers information on the move of William J. Levitt of Levitt and Sons Inc. to open the public five model homes of his housing development in Europe. Levitt hopes to sell out the whole development accounting 370 individual houses that would reach to 18 million dollar. The new project is called Les Residences du Chateau, which considered a breakthrough in the states archaic building industry.

The article focuses on the direct marketing methods of U.S.-based machine tool manufacturer, DoALL Co., which are intended to dominate the European market in 1961. DoALL Co. establishes its first overseas store in Dusseldorf, West Germany; England and other parts of the Continent. The manufacturer spends money on promotion and fanfare and dispatches mobilized demonstrator units with machine tools.

The article discusses concerns among U.S. stock market experts about whether European investors might cash in their paper profits and remove their funds out of the U.S. Figures show that stock holdings by foreign investors in the U.S. are worth approximately 4.7 billion dollars in 1954, and some feel that a quick liquidation of the stocks would have major repercussions in the stock market. Analysts also express their concern that the industrial growth in Europe might prompt European investors to move their money there.

The article reports on the move of Italian financiers Michele Sindona of buying two major companies in the U.S. It notes that Sindona bought 10% of the stock of the food company MeNeill & Libby and major stock of the New Hampshire-based paper producer Brown Co. According to Sindona, the purchase is gearing towards building a business relationship between Europe and the U.S.

The article offers information on H.J. Heinz Co. It states that, the company, which is successfully running its operations in many countries including, Canada, Great Britain, and Australia, is expanding its business into the common market of Europe. It also discusses the growth of the foreign operations of H.J. Heinz Co., that started with a small investment.

The article reports on the decision of several automobile companies in the U.S. to get involved in small car market in 1957. It states that the move is caused by the continuous decline of their sales since 1938 due to the launch of cheaper-to-operate cars from Europe. According to George Romney, president of American Motors Corp., the different geographical aspects, raw materials and restrictive taxes between the U.S. and Europe triggered the former's low market performance.

The article discusses the events in the U.S. stock market for the week ending October 23, 1937 where the market decline was broken as bargain hunters and speculators lapped up shares at low prices and buyers continued to sell. It reviews the stock market fall which started in the middle of August and discusses the reasons which precipitated the decline. Reasons cited included the accumulation of commodity stock inventory, the decline in profit margins as a result of higher costs of labor and raw materials and threats of war in Europe and the Orient.

The article reports on European nations' trade relations with Russia as of March 1931. Germany's reciprocal trading with Russia, the government guarantees from Norway and Italy, and Soviet-Czech trade involving steel and metals are discussed. Jugoslavia reportedly refuses to do business with Russia and only horses were ordered from Hungary. The article describes the growing transactions of Russia with the governments of Greece and Egypt.

The article reports on several labor problems in Europe in 1933, including the labor strike at the Ford automobile plant in Dagenham, England against a salary cut, the decision of more than 16,000 Citroën workers to walk out in France, and the possibility of a rail and mine strike in Great Britain.

The article focuses on a tariff agreement which includes not raising present tariff rates and not updating the rules without discussion, signed by several countries in Northwestern Europe.

Reports that the explosion of cash is turning both Germanys into the world's fastest-growing importers. Deduction that a united Germany's current-account surplus could fall to half of the $62 billion recorded in 1989; Fact that West German and foreign manufacturers are also stepping up sales to the East from factories on West German soil; Conclusion that more opportunities may lie in meeting long-pent-up demands of East German consumers.

The article focuses on the outlook for U.S. foreign policy. U.S. position for a Pacific Union is explained in relation to priority given to Europe. Decisions subsequent to the release of the China White Paper are presented together with suggestions from Great Britain for order in Southeast Asia. Plans of the International Monetary Fund to restore drawing rights to Marshall Plan countries are examined as well as the signs of solid prosperity in France. The effect of the Commonwealth agreement on trade between India and Great Britain are also evaluated.

The article focuses on the growing business of inexpensive and chemically treated shorn sheep pelts and luxury fur in the U.S. and Europe. It mentions that several fur dealers and companies including Motty Eitingon and Jose B. Calva have patented plasticizing process and licensed garment manufacturers to use it for producing fur coats. It further discusses the work and profile of Eitingon.

The article discusses World War II developments as the first successful German counterdrive in four months in Russia's Donets Basin has reportedly overshadowed weakening Russian advances in Smolensk in 1943. It describes the Red Army successes in the Dnieper River, allegedly accumulating rewards in tanks, trains and troops. It talks about the impending offensives promised in Western Europe, the maneuvers of airpower and land troops against Japanese assaults in the Pacific, and the perceived end of the war in North Africa with the coming of Allied Forces.

The article examines the business conditions of countries in Europe, Latin America and the Far East as of November 1931. The coincidence of the partial repayment of the Franco-American credit is blamed for the relapse of British sterling. There were improvements in Chilean and Argentine bonds as well as exchange in Argentina and Uruguay. It mentions reports on the revival of Chinese trade in the Shanghai area.

This section offers news briefs on business around the world as of October 1931. It is reported that financial and political tensions in Europe caused by England's abandonment of the gold standard have relaxed. In France, gold shipments arriving from the U.S. and Holland and going out to Belgium and Switzerland have left the Bank of France with net gain but with counterbalancing heavy decrease of foreign deposits. To meet British automatic reduction of real wages, a new wage cut campaign was launched in Germany.

The article offers world business new briefs as of March 13, 1937. The Washington Birthday speech of U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union William Christian Bullitt in Paris, France in which he expressed his country's sympathy for free nations stirred Europe, but was censored in Germany. A German paper editorial warns of the country's eventual opening of the way to Asia Minor and the creation of a southeastern economic block. The Leon Blum government in France is liberalizing its financial policies due to Radical Socialist pressure.

This article forecasts on the corporate merger and acquisition trend in Europe in 2000. Bankers predict that deals involving European companies will approach the $2 trillion mark. Problems against takeovers continue to decline, and the euro makes big deals much easier. Having a common currency allows companies across the euro zone to use their shares for purchases. And fund manager's bottomless appetite for euro-denominated paper means that bond issues can be sold to finance acquisition. The big factors for the 2000 would include dealmaking in telecommunication, increase of the cross-border deal and the entry of Germany in the industry. INSET: KEY PLAYER'S IN EUROPE'S MERGER WAVE.

Letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including an article which opposed the Joint Economic Committee Staff's report which stated that the U.S. economic growth is slow in the June 4, 1960 issue, "In Europe, "The Perks" Add Up" in the August 13, 1960 issue and "Rhode Island Goes After Growth Industries in the July 30, 1960 issue.

The article reports on the different interpretations and views on the announced European trip of Arthur Woods, chief unemployment aide of U.S. President Herbert Hoover.

The article focuses on the efforts of the American companies in finding alternative methods to finance their businesses in Europe.

The article reports on the engagement of subsidiaries of U.S. companies and other business borrowers in Europe in medium-term dollar loans. This international financial market is expected to fill the gap in credit between short-term European dollar loans and long-term Eurobond issues. Some of these medium-term banks include Belgium's Société General de Banque, Holland's Amsterdam-Rotterdam Bank and Germany's Deutsche Bank.

The article deals with the disappointment of Europeans to the little sympathy of U.S. Treasury Under Secretary for monetary affairs Beryl W. Sprinkel for complaints about U.S. economic policies. Sprinkel has been tasked to explain the administration of President Ronald Reagan's commitment to tight control of growth in the money supply. It is noted that the style of Sprinkel runs counter to the tendency of monetary under secretaries to be reserved and moderate in the views.

The article discusses the plans of the U.S. to increase investments abroad as it sees fast growth in foreign markets. The biggest increase since 1957 is the 4.5 billion U.S. dollars that will be invested by petroleum and manufacturing companies overseas. Reasons for the expected increase in overseas investments include the continuing growth in Europe that is strengthening the markets for basic commodities, U.S. companies with more cash to spend abroad and the anti-inflation move leaving European companies in need of more capital.

The article focuses on hearings on more liberal trade at the U.S. House Ways and Means Committee. Commerce Secretary Luther H. Hodges presented his testimony on the need for the U.S. for new authority to negotiate with the European Economic Community. Testimonies on other aspects of the bill were also presented including the international political aspect of a strong trading alliance between the U.S. and Europe to confront the Communist bloc.

The article reports on the move of U.S. companies in looking for gadgets in Europe. It mentions that gadget hunting is a profitable business, but it also shows that Europe has a potential reserve of mechanical ingenuity that can be transferred to the U.S. It cites that William R. Enyart, president of Simmonds Aerocessories Inc., has gone to Europe to search for technology that could be used in the aircraft industry.

The article reports that central bankers in Europe have decided to support the balance-of-payments program of U.S. President Lyndon Johnson that is designed to restore confidence on the U.S. dollar. The bankers resolved to go with the U.S. program partly due to the worry that the U.S. might resort to more drastic measures, such as severing the link to gold. For business people, the decision means the international monetary system will be preserved.

The article discusses the interest of U.S. multinational companies to enter the Eurodollar bond market. It mentions that an estimated 20 U.S. companies have been considering Eurodollar bond issues totaling around $2 billion U.S. dollars. It cites that foreign investors believe that if they lose on the price of Eurodollar bonds as rates increase, they will profit from the improving dollar. It notes that inflation in Europe and Japan may affect the position of the dollar versus other currencies.

The article reports on a law signed by Minister of Economy René Monory to liberalize France's economy and dismantle its controls on foreign investments. Opportunities in six new industrial sectors that include electronic office equipment, industrial robots, and biotechnology are discussed while highlighting old rules involving French treasury's approval. The Trojan horse issue against U.S. subsidiaries in Europe is explained.

Reports on the profusion of deals in Europe's chemical industry. Akzo's purchase of Nobel Industries; Chemical makers' activities to shore up core businesses and jettison sidelines; Other deals in the making; Akzo's program of acquisitions, divestitures and joint ventures; European giants which are slow to cut costs and realign businesses.

The article reports on the impact of the news about the European war on the prices of commodities and stocks in 1940. It cites products that score good gains despite such news including metals, rubber and wheat. It presents charts that show the conditions of the stock and bond markets in the U.S. from 1939 to 1940.

The article offers information on the third five year research and development (R&D) program of the European Atomic Energy Commission (Euratom) which is due to start from January 1, 1968.

The article reports that Dunlop Rubber and U.S. Rubber have formed a business partnership to market their latex thread goods in Europe.

Examines how Corporate America is entering a new decade. From high tech to snack foods to autos, a wave of US investment is sweeping across the Atlantic. It's showing up in acquisitions, plant expansions, and joint ventures. The surge is getting an added kick from the promise of a Continent wide boom created by the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe. Dim prospects; Obstacles; Aggressiveness.

The article focuses on the efforts of the U.S. to address inflation in the country. It says that the country will continue to import inflation together with its 100 billion dollars worth of goods from overseas due to the expected oil price hike by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Meanwhile, inflation in other industrial countries such as Europe, Canada and Japan is still strong despite the slowing of price spiral in those areas.

The article reports on the accomplishments of the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) as of May 1949. It cites the 1.6 billion dollar worth of letters of commitment that were issued by the ECA to U.S. banks including the New York-based Chase National Bank, National City Bank of New York and the Bank of America. It examines the accomplishments of the ECA in other countries like Austria, France and Italy.

The article focuses on several developments related to European Compliance Academy (ECA). As stated, ECA does not allow European nations to use ECA dollars for imports from the U.S. following which Netherlands has put a ban on all U.S. imports. ECA authorized almost 193 million dollars worth of purchases on November 6, 1948. The 300 million dollars which ECA set aside to cover new U.S. investments in Western Europe hasn't got many takers.

The article discusses the latest developments in the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) as of August 1948. It cites the report by the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), which showed that over-all steel output in Europe rose by 25% in the first half of 1948 from those of 1947, while coal production increased by 6% and electricity by 10%. The latest developments in the U.S., Austria and France, among others, are also cited.

The author discusses aspects of the aftermath of World War II as of March 17, 1945. He suggests that the war in Europe may be over by the end of April. He projects that there will be less production for consumer hardgoods even after the fall of Germany. He suggests to look into inventories of manufacturers in this phase of big war orders when the natural tendency is to stock up given the tightness of supplies in metals for civilian production.

The article forecasts the end of domestic business recession due to the large-scale orders from allies of the European war in 1940. It highlights the progress of commodity prices even though the stock market has its apprehensions. It notes the possibility of President Franklin Roosevelt's decision to run for a third term and the chances of American entry into the war as the implication of the war's new turn.

The article reports on the performance of the U.S. financial market in 1939. It mentions that the financial markets of the nation has been found to be inactive due to labor troubles in Europe and Far Eastern that restrain the markets of the U.S. Moreover, two graphs are presented depicting the day to day performances of stocks and bonds in the U.S. from 1938-1939.

This section offers news briefs from the business sector. A study by the National Industrial Confeence Board indicated the likelihood of an average top executive to face opposition from his company if he is asked to serve as an outside corporate board member. Selective Service will determine whether to continue a deferment or call a student for induction using similar criteria that were used during the Korean War. An unlimited first-class rail travel throughout 13 Western European and Scandinavian countries is offered by the new 21-day Eurailpass.

The article discusses the highlights of the Nassau talks in the Bahamas aimed at resolving the problems in U.S. relations with Europe in 1962. The tentative decision of U.S. President John F. Kennedy to scrap development of the Skybolt missile has complicated issues. Kennedy also showed impatience with Europe's lack of realism in defense policy. The talks also showed the gravity of the challenges being faced by British Prime Minister Harold MacMillan in Great Britain and Europe.

The article offers tips on personal business. The author suggests looking into the laws governing access to the safe-deposit box in the event of the owner's death. In going to Europe, it is suggested to consider signing up with a charge-account plan in order to enjoy convenience and so that there will not be a need to carry and exchange large amounts of money. In sending the kids for camp, it is suggested to buy the amount and quality of equipment that was recommended by the camp.