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The detailed description about the OMIS (One Machine-Infinite Bus) and the SLIS(Single Load -Infinite Bus)will be done in this paper and the detailed introduction of these two concepts(the coherent generators and the coherent buses) and their aggregation. Based on the new OMIS model, the new methods of identifying the coherent generators and aggregating the coherent generators will be advanced. Based on the coherent generators, the new algorithm for the reserving coefficient of the steady angular stability will comes into being. Based on the new SLIS model, the new methods of identifying the coherent buses and aggregating the coherent buses will be put forward. Based on the coherent buses, the new algorithm for the reserving coefficient of the steady voltage stability will be brought about. A real example is used to validate the idea in this paper. A discussion on the angular references between the online data and the offline data will be done when the phases from the WAMS are used. The steady stability of two generators model will be acquired.

Moisture transport in high strength concrete is investigated in this paper. The experiment that involves the water suction is carried out in a long-term. The moisture profiles are measured by non-destructive capacitance method, the last profile is determined gravimetrically. The suction experiment is carried out in isothermal condition at the temperature of 22±1 °C and 25-30% relative humidity.

Long span bridges, as cable-stayed and suspension bridges, have gained much popularity in recent decades for their structural shape, efficient use of materials and other optimal solution. A new phase is starting with main span lengths going over thousands of meter. As a matter of fact, small size substructures are required, the development of efficient construction techniques are growing on and faster progress in the FEM and design are evident. Ever since the dramatic collapse of the first examples of such long span structures, as the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in 1940, much attention has been given to the dynamic behavior of these structures. In this paper a moving load analysis performed on a cable stayed high speed railway bridge is presented together with a fatigue analysis of the cable stays, discussed according to the Italian code verification procedure.

This paper reports the synthesis of ZnS Quantum Dots (QDs) embedded in PVA by aqueous precipitation method and its application in antibacterial as well as to find or estimation of Escherichia coli (E.coli) concentration by using ZnS/PVA QD based mem-mode nanodevices. The as-synthesized ZnS/PVA samples are characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV), Photo luminescence (PL), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Antibacterial property of ZnS/PVA QDs against gram positive (S.aureus) as well as gram negative (E.coli) are tested. The antibacterial property is found to be more in S.aureus in comparision to E.coli. Mem-behaviour of the as-fabricated devices is observed through electrical characterization. COMSOL MP Software is used for simulating I-V characteristics. The voltage gap is found to be a promising parameter for estimating E.coli concentration with ZnS/PVA QDs as active material and an electrical circuit is presented

The characteristic pinched hysteresis behavior of memristors has been reported by stacks of a variety of materials. This paper aims to examine the principles of logic design using such two terminal memristive systems for high performance digital circuit applications. As against logic design with standard CMOS, the benefits of logic design with memristors have been stated. The realization and operation of memristor based AND and OR hybrid logic gates obtained by integrating memristors with standard CMOS logic have been discussed. The IMPLY and MAGIC logic families have been demonstrated by covering MAGIC NOR and NAND logic gate implementation with MAGIC NOR in detail. A qualitative comparison has been drawn towards the end of the paper to conclude on the suitability and application space for each of the logic families studied in this paper. This work also describes the hybrid CMOS-memristive logic family known as MRL (Memristor Ratioed Logic). With the addition of CMOS inverters, this logic family's OR and AND logic gates, which are based on memristive components, are given a full logic structure and signal restoration. The MRL family, in contrast to earlier memristor-based logic families, is compatible with conventional CMOS logic.

Monodispersed Ag nanorods were synthesized using a one-pot synthesis method. These Ag nanorods normally manifest dual surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks. This work presents a study of the variation of SPR peaks with variation in the shape of Ag nanorods. Shape variation was achieved through the degradation of a shape-controlling agent (PVP in this work) under white light irradiance with silica passivation to halt further shape variations. This paper also reports the growth & characterization of thin films of the synthesized rod-shaped silver nanoparticles on glass slides along with studies on band pass filter characteristics of the as-synthesized nanoparticles.

Road markings regulate and direct traffic by conveying specific information. It is of great significance to develop new road marking materials and improve the visibility of marking materials for improving traffic efficiency and ensuring traffic safety. This paper summarized the development status of various reflective road markings at home and abroad. In addition, the energy storage luminescent fluorescent/phosphor marking lines in road marking was emphatically generalized to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different improvement methods. Overall, strontium aluminate doped with Eu2+ co-doped with Dy3+ (SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+) phosphors and self-luminous pavement for energy storage had great prospects in improving road safety and reducing energy consumption.

Spinel ferrite nanoparticles are potential candidates for multiple biomedical applications. Spinel ferrite nanoparticles have been studied extensively for understanding physical, chemical, electro-optical as well as magnetic properties which are fascinating due to cationic distributions corresponding to tetrahedral sites and octahedral sites in a cubic phase. Biocompatibility and large magnetic moment are basic requirements in spinel ferrite nanoparticles for efficient functioning in specific application purpose. Fe3O4 (magnetite) is an important member of spinel ferrite group with high chemical stability and ferrimagetic material property at nanodimension. Superparamagnetic state and biocompatibility of magnetite (Fe3O4) spinel ferrite nanoparticle has already been proven. Spinel ferrite magnetite nanoparticles have been developed based on precipitation of iron oxide using ferric and ferrous ions at the ratio 2:1 in alkaline media at and above 100°C. The experimental parameters have been set to synthesize pure and uniformly sized magnetite nanoparticles. No other phases of iron oxides were detected other than magnetite spinel phase in the XRD result. The average crystal size has been determined from XRD peak broadening. Absorption spectra were investigated using UV-Vis Spectrometer and FTIR. Thermal and magnetic measurements were carried out Digital Scanning Calorimeter and SQUID Magnetometer. One sample of the prepared nanoparticles with polymer coating of polyvinyl alcohol has been studied for superparamagnetic nature. Superparamagnetic particles show saturation value of magnetization 51.26 emu/g at 100 K. ZFC-FC curves for two samples with polymer coating of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxy-propyl methyl cellulose have also been studied. Keywords: Spinel Ferrite, Magnetite, Ferrimagnetism, Transition metal oxide, Superparamagnetism. Statements and declarations Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no competing financial interest that are related directly or indirectly to the reported work in this paper. Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interest. Acknowledgements The Authors are grateful to IISER Bhopal, CRF facility for providing instrumentation facility to characterize magnetic properties. We acknowledge thanks to Lovely Professional University for providing us necessary characterization technique for the XRD analysis and thermal analysis.

The recent developments in dielectric elastomers (DE) are spectacular. Currently, a DE as an actuator, 0.15 g of acrylic sandwiching SWCNT electrodes, is capable of lifting a weight of 8 kg by more than 1 mm at a speed of 88 msec. In the near future, DE motors could be used to drive electric vehicles. Moreover, the DE can be used as a high-efficiency sensor with the same structure. With a diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm, it can accurately measure pressure from several kg to 150 kg. In addition, reversing this DE actuator (DEA) movement also enables high-efficiency power generation. In other words, when the DEA is stretched or pushed, it generates electric power. Single wall nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used as an electrode, and an acrylic DE power generation cartridge with a diameter of 80 mm was used. When the center of the DE power generation cartridge is pushed by about 15 mm, a power of 33.6 mJ is generated. Using these two DE cartridges, it was possible to charge a secondary battery through a DC converter. In addition to this power generator, practical research and development of power generation using wave power, wind power, waste heat, and fluids (ocean currents, water currents, etc.) is progressing. In this paper, we have described state-of-the-art DEAs, DE generators (including the case that the power generated locally by microgenerators are consumed locally), and DE sensors and explained their usefulness.

In this paper, a hollow square cross-section carbon fiber/epoxy composite beam was designed and manufactured. Evaluation of the beam behavior considered orientation and stacking sequence, aiming to reduce the number of layers and weight. Finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the performance of the composite beam under 3-point bending and using three failure criteria, Tsai-Hill, Tsai-Wu and maximum stress. In order to identify the input parameters for the model, flat composites were tested under tension and compression. It was concluded that a minimum of 12 layers of unidirectional carbon fiber were required to reach the required load (44.5 kN). The prototype was successfully fabricated by vacuum-infusion process and subjected to 3-point bending test. The experimental failure load was within the predicted range by the Tsai-Hill failure criteria and maximum stress.

Along with the development of the science, the communication technology has already developed from the traditional air to the outer space and submarine. So, the UAC is getting more and more attentions from the researchers for its business and military value. However the local hydrology environment and the weather must be considered when the actual UAC experiments are carried and the experimental cost is so expensive that it is hard to carry on enough experiments[1]. What’s more, There isn’t a software that can compare all these algorithms conveniently, although there are many algorithms nowadays for UAC[2]. This paper studies to construct a software which can combine many algorithms and compare them in one unified frame. Also the software can help us design actual experiment system to obtain more valuable data in limited time.

Electromagnetic (EM) shielding effectiveness of fifteen woven fabrics which use different yarns as raw materials were evaluated and compared in this paper. Test samples were obtained through the change of yarn structure, the content of stainless steel filaments and process parameters. Fabric electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) was analyzed in terms of the content of stainless steel filaments,fabric density and fabric tightness .The mechanism of electromagnetic shielding of worsted fabric with stainless steel filaments was further studied at different frequencies. The result has certain directive significance on developing high-performance woolen fabrics against electromagnetic radiation.

This paper takes the large band sawing machine GB42500H as the research object, and establishes the dynamics models of its various parts. Respectively, the relative research is done from the theoretical modal analysis and the dynamic performance testing. According to the analysis results, the structure or geometry improvement scheme of the parts is proposed. The paper also studies preliminarily the dynamic characteristics of the large band sawing machine GB42500H. During the analysis, the models of the parts and the whole are established using the finite element method to optimize the structures of the parts and the whole. That has undoubtedly a very important significance for improving the dynamic performance for the new machine tools structure, increasing the processing accuracy, and shortening the development cycle and costs.

The horizontal blade gap is a key problem in rolling shear. The mathematical model is established in this paper. This model is optimized based on traditional model. The optimized formula of blade clearance is obtained and the stress is analyzed in cutting process. It is benefit for improving shear quality.

The sulfur content present in graphene oxide prepared by Hummers' method has only been addressed by few papers so far. By modified Hammers method we synthesized thermally stable in ambient environment multilayer sulphur-doped graphene oxide. The samples were heat treated in an electrical furnace setup at different ambient temperatures and their crystallite size and linear coefficient of thermal expansion were extracted from Raman band intensity peak ratio as a function of temperature. We found unusually large (in comparison with graphene oxide) contraction on heating of multilayer two weight percent sulphur-doped graphene oxide with carbon to oxygen ratio of 2.3 in a narrow temperature range (308-318 K) with the lowest value of the linear thermal expansion coefficient of -18 ppm 1/K. Based upon an examination of the synthesized sulphur-doped graphene diffractograms, it is suggested that negative thermal expansion stems from the phonon backscattering by the sulphur impurity sites and the edges of the layers. The obtained experimental results have potential practical applications for fabrication of solar cells, sensors, lubricators, thermal actuators and also wavelike (second sound) thermal transport structures.

The cutting fluid plays a significant role in minimizing heat generation and chip removal process during the machining of materials, hence improving tool life and surface finish of the workpiece. Many researchers have focused on minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) among the existing methods on the application of the coolant as it reduces the usage of coolant by spurting a mixture of compressed air and cutting fluid in an improved way instead of flood cooling. The MQL method has demonstrated to be appropriate as it fulfills the necessities of ‘green’ machining. Additionally, considering current environmental issues and provisions for safe healthy working conditions at the workplace, it is important to divert machining processes towards an eco-friendly path. Hence, the focus of research has been shifted to MQL using eco-friendly lubricants for green and sustainable manufacturing processes. In this review paper, the effect of different vegetable oil-based biodegradable coolants like castor oil, coconut oil, palm oil, etc. for different machining process parameters like cutting force, cutting temperature, surface finish, tool wear, etc. has been reviewed. It is observed that proper selection of cutting parameters along with lubricant through MQL can provide enhanced machinability to get desired outputs.

Forging tools must be able to withstand very strong mechanical, thermal, tribological, and chemical stresses. The extent to which a tool can withstand these stresses depends on the material used and its pre-treatment as well as the heat and surface treatment, i.e. the load capacity. The ratio of stress to load capacity determines how high the tool life of a forging tool is. This paper deals with the variations in the tool life of forging tools using the example of a specific industrial stage sequence and production conditions. Due to a large number of influencing variables that have an effect on the tool during the entire tool life history, the focus of this work is placed on influencing variables of the forming process. Based on real production parameters of a forging company, which are recorded during a period for the investigation, the process data are analyzed about an influence on the tool life. The investigation focuses on four influencing variables, namely the subjective assessment of the end of the tool life, the interaction between the forming stages, production interruptions, and the cooling and lubrication of the forming tools. For the parameters that are not yet recorded during the trials, promising available measurement methods are identified and tested under laboratory conditions. One example of this is the recording of the actual spray quantities that are sprayed onto the tool surface before the forming process. The results of the investigations show that the tool life fluctuations can be reduced by about 16% and as a consequence, the average tool life can be increased by about 13%.

This paper has studied the main environmental geology problems about the Shabaosi gold mine by the way of the data used and investigation on the spot, the system is established in accordance with the components of the geology environment and evaluate this area’s environmental geology problems.

As environment impact has become the important constraining factors to the power transmission project, so it is necessary to expand the scope of environmental impact assessment (EIA) to provide some information to relevant departments for decision-making. This paper selected fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to assess the environmental impact, which is fit for the uncertainties of the EIA. The results show that the project's impact on the environment is satisfactory and it still exists insufficient in environment protection and the improvement is still potential. The innovation of this paper is to assign the comprehensive evaluation vector by considering the weighted average confidence degree of the comments set-valued, so it can calculate the assessment values more accurately.

The key of wavelet image threshold de-noising is the choice of the threshold function and the threshold value. To overcome the shortcomings of constant deviation existing between estimated wavelet coefficients and decomposition coefficients in the soft threshold function and discontinuity of the hard threshold function, a new threshold function based on wavelet shrinkage in image de-noising is presented in this paper. Threshold values of images with different edges and texture degrees are fine-tuned when the threshold value is set. Furthermore, a self-adaption optimal threshold which is fit to all scale levels is designed based on features of multiscale and multiresolution of wavelet transform. Simulation results show that the proposed methods are efficient to reduce the noise while preserving the detail information of the image.

When solving facility layout problem for the digital workshop to optimize the production, the traditional genetic algorithm has its flaws with slow convergence speed and that the accuracy of the optimal solution is not ideal. This paper analyzes those weak points and proposed an improved genetic algorithm according to the characteristics of multi-species and variable-batch production mode. The proposed approach improved the convergence speed and the accuracy of the optimal solution. The presented model of GA also has been tested and verified by simulation.

In this paper, the abnormal phenomenon of fixed series compensation GAP is discussed. The main reason, too large attenuation of the fiber communication between the GAP trigger equipment and control protection screen input plate is analyzed. The improved measurement to the fixed series compensation system operation and design is proposed.

The Deep Surface Rolling (DSR) technology can substantially increase the fatigue life of metallic materials due to the introduction of deep compressive residual stresses in the material surface. These beneficial compressive residual stresses can be achieved up to a depth of 1 mm. The DSR technology also produces a good surface finish unlike bead peening technology. In this study, the main objectives were: (1) to study the feasibility of DSR for fatigue life improvement of high strength aluminium alloy (7075-T651) repaired with laser cladding technology, and (2) to investigate the effect of thermal stressing on the fatigue life improvement of DSR. Previously published results have shown that post-heat treatment of laser clad high strength Al alloy coupons improved their fatigue life. The experimental results in this paper show that the fatigue life was substantially increased using the DSR technique on laser clad 7075-T6 aluminium alloy compared to laser cladding alone and laser cladding followed by post heat treatment.

More and more environmental hormones (EHs) had been released into the environment, and it has caused a certain influence and interference on normal activities of the organisms. The EHs genetic toxicity testing methods have been constantly improved with the development of molecular biology techniques. This paper mainly reported the gene-toxicity methods, present status and took an outlook for the research trend on EHs.

Authentication is the process where claims of identity are verified. Most mechanisms of authentication exist above the physical layer, though some exist at the physical layer often with an additional cost in bandwidth. This paper introduces a general analysis and design framework for authentication at the physical layer where the authentication information is transmitted synchronously with the data. By superimposing a carefully designed secret modulation (wavelet transform) on the waveforms, authentication is added to the signal without requiring additional bandwidth. Simulation results are given that demonstrate the potential application of this authentication technique.

New flue-curing process which can accommodate new curing barn which temperature and humidity can be auto-controlled was studied. Based on results of the study on new curing barn and the baking theory, the flue-curing process for new curing barn was programmed. Flue-curing results of this new curing process for new curing barn were compared to the results of conventional baking process for conventional barn. The comparison result was that the new process was simple, convenient and easy-running. The quality of cured tobacco leaf from new curing process was improved: proportion of orange tobacco leaf, the first class tobacco leaf and the first/secondary class leaf was improved by 3.38, 4.74 and 2.03 percentage respectively than the value of conventional process. Meanwhile, the value of total sugar, starch, nicotine, total nitrogen, protein and the difference between total sugar and reducing sugar were lower than the result of conventional process. Chemical composition was more balance than conventional process.

Plastic waste disposal is among the most challenging problems of the current era. Therefore, new methods and applications for the utilization of waste plastics are increasingly needed. To find them, it is essential to research and develop the material properties of recycled plastics. The effect of different ultraviolet light (UV) stabilizers on the color stability, melt properties and tensile properties of mixed waste plastics blends was studied in this paper. The mixed waste plastics collected from two different waste sources were prepared as specimens by injection molding, and studied with two different types and loading amounts of UV stabilizers. UV absorbers (UVAs) and hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) were used as UV stabilizers. A specimen produced without the addition of a UV stabilizer was used as a reference specimen of both the blends. After the accelerated weathering, the addition of a UVA provided an improved, smaller change in color than the addition of HALS. Among the tensile properties, the addition of UV stabilizers clearly improved the tensile strength and tensile modulus for almost all the studied specimens. Additionally, the melt properties of both the studied plastic blends were found to be increased by the addition of UV stabilizers. Post-print / Final draft

Aim of this paper is to present a numerical method for modeling of the so-called “equivalent box section fiber beam concrete element”. By comparing hysteresis curves of specimen of the concrete structure plotted with rebar beam with those plotted with the equivalent box section beam under a set of loading cases, the following conclusions are obtained: 1) The modeling technology of equivalent box section beam can overcome the difficulty which the rebar in beam can only be used in static calculation, and the fiber beam element can be applied to dynamic explicit analysis; 2) By comparing hysteresis curves which are plotted by the rebar beam with those obtained with model of equivalent box section beam, it is found that results are in good agreement for a specific typical loading case; 3) By comparing hysteresis curves of the equivalent box section beam with experimental data under given loading case, numerical results indicate that numerical results obtained with proposed modeling technology can fit the experiment phenomena very well.

With the continuous development of online shopping, a day will generate tens of thousands of consumer records. E-commerce sites want to recommend the consumers that they may be interested in the products by analyzing the consumer historical consumption data. However massive consumer records led to recommendation speed getting slow by using the traditional personalized recommendation algorithm. By researching on the collaborative filtering algorithm based on ALS and the MapReduce parallel programming model, we explore parallelization of collaborative filtering algorithm based on ALS. The experimental results show that the algorithm in this paper can improve the computing efficiency.

For an increase in safety against crack initiation and growth in metallic structures of airplanes different concepts were developed in the past. In the focus of this work are profiles made of continuously reinforced extruded aluminum. The production and the used die set of these profiles is presented as well as problems occurring in terms of geometrical inaccuracies of the embedded high strength wires. In addition, this paper attends to the problem of lateral seam weld formation. The interface between the AA-2099 as well as AA-6056 aluminum alloy and the high strength wires Nivaflex and Nanoflex were characterized by metallurgic investigations and push-out tests. As a result it can be stated that a sufficient geometrical accuracy could be achieved and a high interface strength can be accomplished even if a slight gap is still present in the interface layer between matrix and reinforcing element.

In this paper, Button rock asphalt particle was directly added into hot asphalt mixture (HMA) to produced high modulus asphalt mixture (HMAM). In order to evaluate the performance properties of HMAM with BRA, dynamic compressive complex modulus (E*) test, rutting test and moisture resistance test were used to investigate HMAM with BRA and HMA with SBS modifier. Test results indicate BRA can greatly improve dynamic E*and rutting resistance of HMA compared with SBS modified asphalt mixture. Moisture resistance ability of HMAM with BRA has the same level with SBS modified asphalt mixture. Therefore, BRA particle can be used to produce HMAM, which have more superior performance properties than SBS asphalt modifier.

This paper introduces pipeline full-scale fatigue test machine developed by ourselves, including system constitution, main function, mechanical and hydraulic system design, control system development etc. Host framework design and strength calculation, the main technical parameters of the testing machine, working principle and characteristic is highlighted. The development of the fatigue test machine provide a significant basis for research of pipeline fatigue assessment and design, life prediction, also has the important practical significance and broad application prospects.

In this paper, aiming at the heat resistance and thermal deformation process of titanium matrix composites 0 vol.%, 2.5.vol.%, 5.vol.%. Thermal simulation experiment of titanium matrix composites with different (TiB+TiC) strengthening phase content. The measurement accuracy of material displacement is 0.01 mm. The compression is 70%, and the strain rate is 0.1 mm/s and 0.01 mm/s respectively. Compression tests at different strain rates and temperatures were carried out. The experimental results show that when the (TiB+TiC) 5vol% titanium composite is deformed at 0.01mm/s low strain rate, the peak stresses corresponding to 25°C, 250°C,350 °C and 500°C are increased to 1096MPa, 835MPa, 646MPa and 416MPa respectively. Under the condition of high strain rate of 0.1mm/s, the peak stresses corresponding to 25 °C, 250 °C, 350 °C and 500 °C are increased to 1230 MPa, 896 MPa, 723 MPa and 471 MPa respectively. The deformation law of stress rheological curve is roughly the same, and the high temperature zone has good plastic deformation ability. The titanium matrix composite has high compression rheological mechanical properties and good high-temperature plastic deformation ability. It is the preferred material component for the preparation of titanium matrix composite and powder forging.

This paper mainly studies the composition of strengthening phase, characteristic precipitation temperature and composition range of strengthening phase in Ti-Al-Mo-Zr-Si medical titanium alloy, and the influence of element changes on the content and microstructure of strengthening phase. Promote the formulation of thermodynamic process of titanium alloy powder metallurgy, as well as the formulation of alloy hot working and solid solution aging process. In this paper, Panda thermodynamic software is used to calculate the multicomponent alloy thermodynamics and multicomponent phase diagram of titanium alloy materials. The effects of Al, Mo, Zr, Si and other elements on the precipitation of strengthening phase and the phase transformation content of solidification structure were obtained. It is found that the content of Mo is more than 2 wt.% β phase transition precipitation angle. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the excess of precipitates such as Mo5Si3 and M3Si, the content of Mo should be less than 4.6 wt.%. The content of Zr can be maintained at about 1.5 wt.%. If the aging precipitation of the material is considered, it can be controlled to be less than 2 wt.%. The content of this paper is the basis and improvement of titanium powder metallurgy technology and rapid prototyping technology.