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Portfolios are used in midwifery education to provide students with a central place to store their accumulative evidence of clinical experience for initial registration in Australia. Portfolio formats can be paper-based or electronic. Anecdotal discussion between midwifery students in Queensland debated the best format to document the requirements for the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council (ANMAC) standard 8.11. Midwifery students using paper-based portfolios envisioned that an ePortfolio would be streamline, simple, safe to use, and able to be used anywhere with WIFI, while some students using an ePortfolio expressed a desire to have a paper-based portfolio as a hard copy. This situation called for evidence of a comparison to resolve the debate. The aim of this study was to investigate midwifery students' experiences of the benefits and challenges between paper-based and ePortfolios when compiling evidence to meet the requirements for initial registration as a midwife in Australia (ANMAC, 2014). • Each type of portfolio had challenges and benefits. • Portfolio completion is time consuming, and stressful due to the need for verification of evidence. • Students require early and regular feedback on portfolio development. • National standards are required for consistency in documentation across universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This discussion paper highlights the importance of Australian nursing and midwifery students' lack of exposure to electronic medical records during their undergraduate programs. There is pressure on universities offering nursing and midwifery programs to provide students with opportunities to learn to use patient electronic medical records. This will provide authentic rehearsal with the digital technology prior to clinical placements and increase graduate work readiness. Informed by contemporary literature, we describe the benefits of implementing electronic medical records (eMR) in health organisations and identify the challenges and barriers to implementing and integrating the education of electronic records into undergraduate nursing and midwifery programs. Undergraduate students who had not experienced eMR as part of on-campus learning felt unprepared and lacked confidence when commencing clinical practice. Some international nursing and midwifery programs have found that student's skills improve in decision-making and documenting patient observations when eMR is integrated into their university education program. Successful integration of an eMR program should consider academic/teaching staff skills and confidence in technology use, initial and ongoing costs and technical support required to deliver the program. In conclusion, Australian universities need to embed eMR learning experiences into the nursing and midwifery undergraduate curricula to increase students work-readiness with a focus on patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet surveys are becoming an increasing popular survey collection method because collection times are quicker and survey costs are lower than other collection techniques. Many studies have been conducted overseas to compare the effects of survey collection modes with results still remaining inconsistent. Fewer studies have compared collection methods for nonmarket valuation surveys, particularly for the more complex stated preference, choice modelling surveys. In this study, a comparison of internet and paper-based surveys is made to determine if the results for overseas studies can be replicated in Australia. The valuation exercise elicited values from Brisbane respondents for future improvements in the environmental condition of the Great Barrier Reef. The results indicate that there were some socio-demographic and attitudinal differences between the two samples and the models developed to explain the influence on choice selection were also significantly different. However, no differences in value estimates were found in the final results; household willingness-to-pay for an improvement in the condition of the GBR was equivalent across collection methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In Australia, a pervasive response to increasing atmospheric greenhouse gasses and the exchange of these gasses between the atmosphere and forests has been to focus on storing carbon (C) in forested landscapes. However, the amount of C stored and able to be stored in the landscape, which is often called carbon carrying capacity, is commonly over-estimated and over-emphasised. This occurs, in part, due to a focus on the continent’s most C-rich forests when discussing landscape C storage or carbon carrying capacity, and by failing to account for wildfires that will prevent all forests from becoming old and C-rich. These effects on forest age-class structure and thus C-stocks, in the Australian landscape currently tend to be overlooked at the policy level. Underemphasised is the widely recognised role of wood products in greenhouse gas mitigation, both as a C-stock and by providing society with low emission products. Improving atmospheric outcomes will only be achieved if variation in landscape C stocks is accurately described and the full role of forests in greenhouse gas mitigation including the role of wood products is explored and reflected in policy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Although Australia's population is concentrated in major urban centres along its coastal fringe, its less populous rural communities are important to society and the economy—supporting sectors like agriculture, which occupies over half the continent's land mass and accounts for 2.2% of value added gross domestic product (GDP) (Jackson et al., 2020). The vast distances between urban and rural centres present challenges to the provision of essential infrastructure like roads, transport, energy – and telecommunications. Within this last category, internet connectivity and skills are both increasingly necessary and historically less available to the regional and rural agricultural sector in comparison to other industries and geographic communities. The digital inclusion agenda in Australia aims to address such gaps by promoting and supporting people and communities to use technology to improve social and economic well-being. This article builds on research underpinning the Australian Digital Inclusion Index (ADII), which defines digital inclusion as the capacity of people to access , afford and use online technologies effectively. The article focuses on the nature and extent of digital inclusion for Australia's farmers (identified as farmers and farm managers) based on analysis of a customised set of primary data extracted from the ADII dataset. This analysis reveals generally low levels of digital inclusion in rural communities, particularly among farmers, with distinctive and complex characteristics across measures of Access, Affordability and Digital Ability. Our findings highlight a perplexing scenario in which farmers score poorly on the Index when compared to Australians who live in similar circumstances but are not employed in the farming sector. We attribute lower levels of access to limited internet technology options, lower data speeds, inadequate reliability and lower data allowances. Less affordability is associated with individual-level socioeconomic factors, along with lack of competition between service providers in sparse population areas, the comparative cost of building telecommunications infrastructure in the bush, and the need for redundancy in rural and remote solutions. Finally, lower digital ability scores reflect social, cultural and material practices on farms that have produced distinctive orientations to technology. We conclude the article by explaining the contributions of the paper to digital inclusion research and by making recommendations for policy development. • Farmers in rural Australia have low levels of digital inclusion across access, affordability and digital ability. • Low access and affordability may be attributed to insufficient internet infrastructure and limited technology and data. • Low ability may be attributed to demographic factors and social, economic and material practices. • Governments and industry should consider the development of digital skills programs tailored for the farming sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on supporting physical education teachers through a web-based education intervention which increases physical activity during physical education classes in students from low socioeconomic communities. It mentions that the internet-supported professional learning intervention for physical education teachers improve the proportion of time that students spend in moderate to-vigorous physical activity in physical education classes.

The article focuses on no benefits for home-based rehabilitation for people with inoperable lung cancer over usual care.

The article focuses on the application of participation-focused therapy in children with cerebral palsy for improvement in physical activity goal performance, satisfaction, and confidence.

Systematic conservation planning (SCP) is a field of conservation biology concerned with the effective allocation of conservation efforts and the implementation of actions aiming to guarantee biodiversity persistence in the long-term and the efficient use of conservation resources. Here, we evaluated the main spatial-temporal trends and patterns among highly-cited papers in SCP. We considered "highly-cited" articles as those papers with at least 100 citations according to Web of Science database. A total of 132 highly-cited articles were published between 1989 and 2014, with the highest frequency at 2006. Papers were published in 25 different scientific journals (with a highlight for Conservation Biology and Biological Conservation) by researchers from 208 institutions and 25 countries (most from Australia and USA). Most of the analytical and methodological studies were carried out in the terrestrial environment, by considering more than one taxonomic group, and at a regional scale. Eleven studies included information on costs (e.g., economic or land use) in the prioritization process, and only one article considered information on other biodiversity dimensions such as phylogenetic diversity. Among analytical papers, 41 included only biodiversity data in the prioritization process, while 16 papers considered data on other features such as ecosystem services, biophysical factors, and vegetation. Furthermore, a plethora of different algorithms and software were used to perform the analyses. By analyzing the top-cited papers, we could track through time the main advances and stages of the development in SCP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the approaches for gluteal tendinopathy which includes education plus exercise and corticosteroid injection.

Cities are under intensifying pressure to respond to climate change and growing social inequities. Integrating nature-based solutions, as part of essential city infrastructure, contributes to resilient, liveable and equitable cities, as well as provision of biodiversity habitat. There is increasing focus on how concepts of justice can be embedded in these planning and governance processes. This paper proposes a framework to inform planning for just nature-based cities. It brings together concepts of just city, environmental and climate justice and more-than-human thinking, with research on urban nature-based solutions. It highlights the centrality of epistemic justice, and the importance of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in just nature-based city planning and governance. The just nature-based city framework is applied to the case study of the Yarra River (Melbourne, Australia). In 2017, the Yarra River Protection (Wilip-gin Birrarung murron) Act, the first legislation in Australia to be co-titled in the Traditional Owners' language, legally recognised the river as a single living and integrated natural entity. Applying the just nature-based city framework, we find that there are both opportunities and challenges in this new approach to planning. While the Act and associated programs represent substantial and innovative advances, their scope is limited by exclusion of key policy domains and a focus on waterway corridor rather than catchment. The paper concludes by reinforcing the importance of a broadened understanding of justice, that spans both human and non-human considerations, and foregrounds Traditional Owners' perspectives and aspirations in designing, planning and governing just nature-based cities. • 'Just nature-based cities' integrate theories of just cities, nature-based solutions and epistemic justice. • The 'just nature-based city' framework can be applied as both a planning and an analytical tool. • Yarra River-Birrarung is a case study of new approaches to just nature-based city governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strange as it may seem, Treasury, brewers, winemakers, distillers and drinkers all share a common interest: The taxation of alcohol and its price elasticity of demand. Treasury needs this information to determine revenue, the industry for pricing purposes, and drinkers bear the burden of taxation. This paper presents new estimates of demand elasticities of beer, wine and spirits for Australia. The estimates are considerably lower than those of Srivastava et al. (2014), who used monthly, off-premise consumption. Frequency of purchase and location of drinking are most likely the source of the differences. The paper demonstrates the importance of demand elasticities with simulations of changes in the tax mix for alcoholic beverages with partial and general equilibrium approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Rural Australia" has long been a special site of political contestation. Staking the terms of public depictions of "the rural", "the bush", or "country life" is a constitutive thread running through Australian settler colonial identity and a cornerstone of national electoral politics. This paper analyses major News Corporation media outlets' presentation of an evolving political campaign, comparing contesting representations of farming and rural Australia deployed by the Morrison Coalition government and advocacy group Farmers for Climate Action, in the period between the government's re-election in May 2019 and July 2021. The paper steps through the key tactical discursive moves made by these contesting parties. It argues that in their depictions of rural Australia there are two important features that these perspectives share. Both embrace a discourse of increased agricultural productivity inspired by high-tech innovation, and both are silent on the related social and economic transformations that undergird the "crisis" of the rural. Consequently, public political contestation over rural policy unfolds without engaging transforming structural arrangements that fundamentally organise work and life on the land. • Presents comparative depictions of rurality by the Australian prime minister and advocacy group Farmers for Climate Action. • Political contests over the representation of the rural during the time of accelerating climate change are shown to have strong temporal framings. • Both government and Farmers for Climate Action embrace a discourse of increased agricultural productivity inspired by high-tech innovation and both are silent on socio-economic transformations. • Farmers for Climate Action have made significant steps towards normalising the idea that farming and climate activism go hand in hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper investigates the clearance of native forests and native vegetation for plantation establishment, otherwise known as forest conversion, in the state-owned plantations of New South Wales, Australia. It begins by describing Australia's forests, plantations, and forest conversion, continues with an outline of the history of public hardwood plantations in New South Wales, and explores the regulatory frameworks that allow this practice to happen, and the responses adopted by non-state environmental governance systems, notably forest certification, to address this problem. The paper presents a case study analysis of conversion in the hardwood plantations of northern NSW, and concludes that the current regulatory environment facilitates deforestation, with cumulative impacts at the landscape level, and that without government intervention, efforts to prevent this by non-state action will only be partially successful, leading to ongoing habitat and species loss. The failure of existing legislative and regulatory frameworks to adequately acknowledge, define, and prohibit conversion will remain an impediment to sustainable forest management, as the entry of such timber into the market contaminates supply chains, resulting in considerable reputation risk. Reform is needed in both public and private governance systems to ensure strong governance, effective planning, and ecosystem integrity at the landscape level. Recommendations are provided for policymakers. • A new methodology to identify original forest inside plantation areas via historical aerial imagery. • A detailed evaluation of a range of spatial datasets demonstrating the increase of plantation cover, potentially at the expense of native forest. • A case study identifying that forest conversion has occurred in public hardwood plantations managed by the Forestry Corporation of New South Wales. • There is an urgent need to undertake reform to ensure New South Wales does not fall foul of the EUDR, or the Glasgow Declaration. • More research is needed to determine how significant these conversion events are , and the impacts on flora and fauna, notably the koala. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In nations where colonialism persists such as Australia, scholars have identified the hegemony of a morally infused white farming imaginary. While this construction has traditionally been invested in heteropatriarchal ideologies our aim in this paper is to demonstrate how, in recent years, white middle-class farming women have been woven into this narrative through settler colonial logics. We take up this contention in the Australian context examining 100 posts to two major institutional Instagram accounts that feature farming women: @invisfarmer and @agrifuturesau. Using the lens of settler colonialism, and a visual and textual analysis, we identify how the "white middle-class woman farmer" is framed by discourses of white feminism and invisibility/visibility. We reveal the emergence of a narrow farming woman aesthetic which is bolstered by narratives which celebrate the "successful female farmer" and the "successful female farm leader". In concluding the paper, we discuss the implications of the gendering of the white farming imaginary, and make a call for gender and rural studies scholars to de-centre and disaggregate the "white middle-class settler farming woman" subject position, through attending to settler colonialism and Indigenous scholarship in understandings of Australian rurality. • Australian rural studies uphold the "white middle-class settler farming woman". • The gendering of the white farming imaginary occurs through settler colonialism. • The "white middle-class woman farmer" is framed by discourses of white feminism. • Narratives of the "successful female farmer" and "leader" are celebrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, Social Media (SM)'s adoption as educational instruments in Higher Education (HE) has been gaining popularity among researchers and practitioners. Nonetheless it has been adopted to support various learning approaches such as Cooperative Learning (CL). Despite the growing research in this field, few studies have proposed a comprehensive SM integration framework as well as empirical studies to evaluate its effectiveness. This paper examines how SM is being used as a pedagogical tool in HE and identifies major factors that drives SM's inclusion in HE classrooms. In addition, the paper investigates the effectiveness of a previously proposed integration framework which was developed to promote CL using a popular SM platform, LinkedIn. A survey was administered to collect data from students in different subjects at a university in Australia. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was adopted for data analysis using IBM's SPSS26 and AMOS26. One of the notable results of this study is the significant positive relation found between the use of the adopted integration framework and CL, SM challenges' mitigation, students' intention to use SM and their learning process. The findings of this study have important implications for practice and pave the way for future empirical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper presents the first on-the-ground study of attitudes towards just transition ideas in Australian coal communities. • It highlights the range of specific anxieties and reservations that workers and individuals in these communities have about these ideas. • The study highlights the dire need for local autonomy and control over any transition planning in these regions. Over the past several years, numerous actors across Australian society have increasingly advocated 'just transition' policies to help coal communities move beyond their reliance on fossil fuel extraction. As part of this, individuals from the environmental movement, trade unions, various NGOs and the private sector have called for a range of initiatives designed to help maintain the social and economic integrity of these regions as coal inevitably declines. Yet while just transition ideas have grown in popularity in these numerous forums in Australian society, it remains unclear how they are being understood by the very workers and communities for whom they are being proposed. To shed light on this question, we conducted interviews with residents of coal communities throughout Eastern Australia. We found that respondents had several key anxieties about just transition ideas and their impacts on their lives. In this paper, we break our findings down into five main themes that help explain these anxieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to investigate the extent to which Australia's northern cities have become increasingly important mediators of migration of nurses and general practitioners (GPs) to the regional north since the 1980s. Over that period, national and provincial policy has focused on 'regionalisation' of health workforce development, including creating education and training infrastructure outside of metropolitan areas. This paper hypothesises that the effectiveness of regionalisation in northern Australia should be reflected in an increased net flow of GPs and nurses from northern cities (which are the hubs of education and training) to the regional north. Data from the seven Australian Census between 1986 and 2016 are used to model changing patterns of migration. Overall, there was limited evidence of substantial change in migration patterns, although for GPs there was a reduction in migration from the key metropolitan source markets (Brisbane and Adelaide) matching an increase in supply from northern cities. Northern cities have consistently been the source of about one quarter of new nurse and GP migrants to the regional north, but the regional north has become a much less favoured destination for professionals leaving northern cities as cities' populations have grown much faster than regional populations. Net flows have remained small and for nurses have favoured the cities while for GPs favoured the regional north. The paper concludes that, while there is limited evidence of increased 'spillover' of labour from the cities to the regional north, there is also no evidence of the cities increasingly 'spongeing' regional labour. Cities and regional migration systems may be increasingly disconnected as labour demands diverge, but new connections are being created with the rest of non-metropolitan Australia. The research is the first to analyse health professional migration over such a long period, and contributes to the debates about the roles of cities in sparsely populated areas in the development of their rural and remote hinterlands. • There is no evidence of increasing 'sponge' or 'spillover' relationships between northern cities and the regional north. • Large investment in 'regionalisation' of workforce development has not led to an increase in intra-northern migration. • There is evidence of increasing net loss of health professionals from the regional north to other regional Australia. • Regionalisation may be an ineffective strategy for growing the health professional workforce in the regional north. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australia used to be an active law enforcer in the Southern Ocean in the 2000s and manifested its fulfillment of multiple roles and duties in exercising jurisdictions effectively to deter the Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing in this region. This paper provides an updated review of Australia's maritime enforcement against IUU fishing. Australia's approach to combating IUU fishing in the Southern waters has been reflected in its legislation, institutional arrangements, as well as judicial cases. This paper examines international and national laws relevant to Australia's jurisdictions in the Southern Ocean, as well as critically reviews Australia's institutional arrangements and availability of military resources in maritime enforcement. A analysis of enforcement programs and judicial practices is also provided by this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Phasing out coal-fired power is inevitable, but a deeply complex process from a social-institutional standpoint. • The nature of the coal-fired power transition is comparable to the automotive industry closures observed in Australia's recent industrial past. • This paper draws on just transitions and the transition management analytical frameworks. • Four key insights offer pointers for policymakers to support the transition away from coal-fired power in Australia and globally. Nearly three-quarters of Australia's electricity generation is coal-dependent with fossil fuel-led electricity contributing to over a third of Australia's CO 2 emissions. Climate change imperatives are calling for permanent shifts to these patterns, leading to early closure announcements of several coal-fired power plants across the country. Although the pace and scale of the energy transition are unprecedented, the closure of large-scale industries is not uncommon. The most recent closure in Australia's industrial past that remains vivid in the nation's collective memory was the end of nearly 70 years of automotive manufacturing. Drawing on expert consultations, and applying just transitions and transition management thinking, this paper identifies four key insights from the auto sector closure experience. These offer compelling pointers to guide socio-economic transformations in frontline regions that are likely to face challenging, often deeply personal, impacts resulting from the closure of coal-fired power stations over the coming decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are implemented across multiple cities worldwide and feature as promising solutions in local and global agendas. As solutions that can deal with interlinked urban challenges, NBS are being taken up by cities in different geographies and are considered to be mainstreaming. The process, referred to as mainstreaming, and how this can be achieved needs to be better understood, which is identified as a research gap. In this paper, we examine the roles that actors can undertake that contribute to the mainstreaming of NBS in cities. The aim is to understand the roles that urban actors, especially those within local governments, assume in the process of NBS mainstreaming to mobilise and implement novel and innovative strategic solutions for cities. This topic is explored in a case study of the metropolitan Melbourne region in Australia, where urban forest strategies are gaining traction in local governments for addressing urban resilience concerns. We present how the roles different actors assume contribute to the (re)shaping, building, and/or transformation of institutions to attain climate and ecologically resilient cities. The main contribution of this paper is a pathways framework that illustrates how sustainability norms can move through the mainstreaming process, facilitated by the roles that actors undertake – to champion, advocate, and realise transformative discourses and actions within urban politics and urban practices. Our key findings are framed as success factors of mainstreaming agencies and pathways underpinning transformation, which are: commitment longevity, innovative capacity, collaborative mindset, and on-ground delivery. • Policy, practice, and research actors can facilitate NBS mainstreaming in cities. • Role archetypes describe the mainstreaming actions of specific actors. • The configuration of roles is analysed to explain mainstreaming pathways. • Define mainstreaming pathways framework for actors' roles in NBS mainstreaming. • Success factors are commitment, innovation, collaboration, and on-ground delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• South Australia is leading low carbon energy transitions in Australia. • Socio-technical transitions are complex, non-linear and follow multiple adaptive pathways. • Complex adaptive systems and risk society theory can be integrated to better understand transitions. • Bold leadership and innovative policy are required to navigate transitions in a reflexive modernity. • Governance can exploit crises to justify transition policy in response to future risk and uncertainty. Renewable energy transitions are occurring across the globe in response to climate change. Such socio-technical transitions are complex and non-linear. They require bold leadership and innovative policy, both in response to environmental risk and to navigate political, technical and socio-economic conditions. This paper integrates complex adaptive systems and risk society theory to inform a discussion on regional socio-technical transitions. South Australia is forging its own adaptive pathway, and in doing so, is leading energy transitions in Australia. Utilising the complex adaptive cycle to frame the state's renewable energy transition, the path can be seen to be evolving from a simple first modernity to a multi-dimensional second modernity. Socio-technical transitions are partly a by-product of responses to risk. While there is no single map for navigating societal transitions, this paper proposes that risk, in the context of risk society theory, is an important guiding dimension for understanding transformational change in socio-technical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing methods of quantifying agricultural employment mask the changing profile of agricultural employment occurring in response to the pressures of competitive productivism, general progress in scientific and technical knowledge, an increasingly complex value chain and changing consumer expectations. This article critically reviews the traditional sources of data used to inform the quantification of the agricultural labor force data and presents a method, the Professional Agricultural Services Sector (PASS) Trident, which measures employment in the agriculture sector more fully, by including employment in professional services and capturing key demographic characteristics. Applying the PASS Trident, our analysis of the industry and occupation level data indicates that the existing method of measuring agricultural employment under-counts the contribution of agribusiness professionals. Moreover, people employed in the professional agricultural services sector are highly educated, younger than the traditional on-farm workforce and reside in urban areas. The methodology proposed in this paper provides a framework for future studies for monitoring shifts in agricultural employment. • Agricultural producers are increasingly seeking professional services. • This is in response to economic pressures, scientific progress, value chain complexity, and changing consumer expectations. • Existing methods of measuring agricultural employment under-count the contribution ofagribusiness professionals. • Those employed in professional agricultural services sector are highly educated, young, and reside in urban areas. • The methodology proposed in this paper provides a framework formonitoring shifts in agricultural employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a narrative review of existing academic and grey literature on the roles of Australian First Nations' Knowledges and the arts in regional and remote development. We do so to examine the degree to which current mainstream approaches to development are actualising international calls for "inclusive" development that accentuate "Indigenous" local and knowledges and strengths. The paper discusses existing regional and remote development literature through a lens of holistic, strength-based, and inclusive development. This incorporates many forms of valuing and developing including: cultural, social, environmental, and economic forms of value and activity. We conclude by offering recommendations for future research, policy, and practice that can draw on the strengths of First Nations' Knowledges and the arts to achieve inclusive and holistic development. This artwork was commissioned for this project from Tartakula artist Lindy Brodie. The article authors hold a license to use the artwork for this research. [Display omitted] • Mainstream government-led development approaches are not substantively including the arts and First Nations' Knowledges. • Inclusive development seeks to respond to the failure of top-down regional development initiatives and policies. • To achieve inclusive development, stakeholders must examine power relations and governance. • Further research into the value of arts and First Nations' Knowledges in rural, regional, and remote regions is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the nonlinear relationships between oil and inflation for twelve major global economies in the presence of important macroeconomic variables. Using the nonparametric quantile causality approach, we show strong evidence of causality-in-variance from inflation to changes in oil prices for all economies across different quantiles with the exception of Australia. On the other hand, evidence of a causality-in-mean from oil to inflation is identified for Australia, Canada, Greece, the UK, and the US and a causality-in-variance in the same direction for almost all economies, exhibiting a hump-shaped pattern across the quantiles. Results for partial and multivariate wavelet approaches show that the macroeconomic factors drive and accentuate the oil-inflation co-movements under all frequencies and over time. These results have significant implications for investors and policy makers. • We examine nonlinear relationships between oil and inflation for twelve major global economies. • Our work also considers important macroeconomic variables. • Evidence of causality-in-variance from inflation to changes in oil prices for all economies except Australia. • Evidence of a causality-in-mean and variance from oil to inflation for Australia, Canada, Greece, the UK, and the US. • Macroeconomic factors drive the oil-inflation co-movements across frequencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The residential building sector & transportation sector has received significant attention in recent years due to carbon emissions affecting the livelihoods of humans. Electric vehicles (EVs) are poised to play a vital role in reducing dependency on non-renewable fuels and the transportation sector's environmental implications. Building integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), on the other hand, will be able to cut down the energy requirements and contribute to building sustainability. This paper evaluates the energy, economic, and environmental performances of BIPV with EV charging system systems for a building in Canberra, Australia. BIPV with EV charging can assist in fulfilling building energy needs, charging electric vehicles, and reducing grid reliance. Different load scenarios were studied to optimize system size. Different panel layouts with orientation have been studied for the 5.0kWp BIPV system, each module rating 355kWp. The annual energy output of the BIPV system was found to vary between 8.56 MWh for layout one and 7.08MWh for layout 3. It was found that the payback back of the proposed BIPV system is 4.46 years, LCOE of 0.074AUD/kWh and EV charging cost of 0.95AUD/100 km. The BIPV with EV charging system could save approximately 160,198 kgCO 2 e in GHG emissions over its lifespan. • The estimated annual energy for the BIPV system with Layout 1 is 8.56MWh. • The energy supplied to the grid was found to be positive in the BIPV system. • The performance ratio of the proposed layouts for the BIPV system is 81.7 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines three sites where diplomacy interacts with geoscience, international law, and military capabilities. These sites, invisible to the general public due to their subterranean character, are undersea long-distance telecommunications cables; submarine operations; and espionage operations. The paper uses these subterranean sites to shed light on the hidden dimensions of Australian statecraft. Taken as a whole, they illustrate the influence of elite economic interests in Australia's national security objectives. The covert instruments of statecraft are devoted not just to military security but to the power and interests of the private sector. These interests heavily influence the concept of "national interest" in Australia's external relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Climate change and dynamic government policy is compounding pressure on water resources in farming landscapes creating water scarcity. Successful adaptation to a more sustainable farming system in the face of water scarcity is not a foregone conclusion and requires choosing between short-term incremental change or more transformational options. In this paper, we propose a framework 'unpacking' four pathways that farmers might use to achieve sustainability: absorb, exploit, adapt and transform. Each pathway has specific attributes that relate to the type of farming system change undertaken. The framework is applied to 28 irrigation farmers from southern Murry Darling Basin, Australia, all facing water scarcity from drought and water policy. Using semi-structured interviews, we test the attributes and found they help understand farmers' pathway choices. We show that farmers use all four pathways, either singularly or simultaneously, to achieve a range of sustainability outcomes when facing a water crisis, although some are maladapted, and result in less sustainable outcomes. The study adds to the literature on pathways to sustainability by illustrating the need to clarify attributes that describe what each pathway means to farmers' decision-making and to consider multiple pathways, not just one, e.g. transformation. Policy implications are clear: there are various pathways to, or away from, farm sustainability. Therefore, policy interventions must be 'fit for purpose' and appropriately consider the diversity of farmer capacities and contexts. A focus on a single pathway or single technological fix will fail to deliver farm sustainability. This paper starts to develop a more specific and nuanced understanding of pathways to farm sustainability that reflect real life farming experiences with insight for policy and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Droughts are significant catalysts of financial and emotional hardship for farming communities. However, does the extent of time an area has been in drought impact upon the rate at which agricultural land changes hands? Does it encourage more land to change ownership, as stressed farmers depart at faster rates, or does its negative impacts on farm production dampen demand for rural land? This study addresses this question through a unique, longitudinal (2004–2020) dataset of property transactions in 96 rural Local Government Areas (LGAs) in New South Wales, Australia. We measure the proportion of time each LGA has been in drought during the previous 1, 2, 5 and 10 years, and correlate this against the rate of agricultural land ownership change. Results indicate that in the short-term (<5 years), the proportion of time in drought is not a major influence on the extent of agricultural land ownership change. However, over a 10-year timespan, there is a statistically significant negative correlation between the two for non-irrigated agricultural land, grazing land and land owned by individuals (as opposed to companies). These findings suggest these agricultural land markets are sensitive to the long-term effects of drought. The take-home message seems to be that the persistence of drought saps the vitality of these agricultural land markets, leaving farmers with reduced prospects to capitalise on their land assets. This finding has resonance given that climate change models suggest an intensification of the frequency and severity of drought in much of rural NSW. • First study to correlate large-scale land registry data with historical Combined Drought Indicator data in Australia. • The correlation between time in drought and the rate at which agricultural land changes hands is not significant in the short-term (<5 years). • However, over a 10-year period, there is a statistically significant negative relationship between the proportion of time that a LGA has been in drought and the annual extent of agricultural land ownership change. • The paper concludes that drought has a modest, long-term inhibiting effect on the vitality of agricultural land markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is expected to seriously affect agricultural livelihoods and food security in all Pacific Island countries. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation contends that, to adapt, both 'modern' and Indigenous agricultural practices and knowledge are needed. A challenge lies in combining agricultural knowledge systems and enabling adaptive knowledge to be shared amongst Pacific Islanders. Opportunities to integrate different types of agricultural knowledge (including 'modern' and Indigenous) are needed. This paper argues that international labour mobility programmes provide an avenue for knowledge exchange that can support climate change adaptation in agriculture. It presents empirical evidence from research with 33 Pacific Islanders who grow crops in their home countries and were employed in Australia's Seasonal Worker Programme (SWP). We demonstrate how SWP participation opened new possibilities for climate change adaptation in agriculture in the Pacific Islands. Adaptive knowledge stems from SWP workers' exposure to different agricultural skills and ideas in Australia, combined with their knowledge and experience of crop production in their countries of origin. SWP participation created opportunities for workers to draw on different agricultural skills and knowledge on return to the Pacific Islands. The ability for SWP workers to then exchange adaptive knowledge with other Pacific Islanders is enabled by their social relationships, the likes of which an official agricultural extension officer might not have to the same degree. So far, such adaptive agricultural knowledge and skills exchanges are serendipitous. There is scope to explicitly build climate change knowledge exchange into agriculture-focused international labour mobility schemes. • International labour mobility schemes facilitate agricultural knowledge exchange. • Labour mobility migrants adapt acquired agricultural knowledge to their countries. • International labour mobility schemes can build adaptive capacity in agriculture. • Adaptive capacity from labour mobility can spread via agricultural extension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the mid-1980s, Australia has resettled thousands of African refugees. This paper focuses on the racialization of youth violence and the damage it sustains on refugee-background young Africans. The discussion proceeds in two interrelated stages. In the first stage, to understand the representation of African youth in the public sphere, the paper reviews the relevant literature, media headlines, and political commentaries. In so doing, it establishes that the continual framing of African youth as dangerous and violence-prone by conservative politicians and media outlets amounts to racial moral panic. In the second stage, guided by narrative research methodology, a small group of young Africans were invited to reflect on their everyday life under racialized frames. Accounts of the youth are presented under four themes: the presumption of guilt, emotional ill-being, opportunity hoarding, and the permanence of otherness. It is argued that, if left unaddressed, the racialization of youth violence can diminish the integration outcomes of African youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, regulators and investors have shown an increasing interest in the promotion of diversity in the corporate boards of directors. In this paper, we employ data from the Australian bank boards to provide new insights on the diversity-risk nexus, based on a dataset of the Australian banks for the period of 2004 to 2019. We examine board gender diversity from two perspectives across the board and among board leaders. Our results support the context-dependent impact of gender diversity on the board of directors and highlight the beneficial impact on the risk of banks when considering gender diversity and the presence of a dominant gender group in the boardroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Insurantial imaginaries' describes the shared structures of comprehension and action that establishes the social value of insurance and its practical influence. As insurance is a bricolage of economic, legal, political, cultural and moral elements that vary across time and space, for insurance to be intelligible and functional, these imaginaries render this dynamic complexity into stable and discrete forms. In this paper, we explore one such imaginary constituted through the intersection of housing and insurance norms, vis a vis house and contents insurance, in home-owning democracies. Drawing on the cases of Australia and the United Kingdom, we observe how a rise in renting in these countries is resulting in an increase in underinsurance, with renters less likely to insure their assets. This is refashioning a long-standing insurantial imaginary shaped by socio-cultural aspirations for home-ownership, liberal norms of individual autonomy, and links between home-ownership and democracy, including participation in voting. In observing that this imaginary valorises home-ownership and insurance, and problematises renting and underinsurance, we draw attention to the covert power of insurance in co-constituting everyday practices and identify a novel spatialised insurantial imaginary. In grounding our analysis within home-owning democracies, we also make a broader contribution to economic and financial geography by extending understanding of the complex spatial nature of financial mechanisms and processes, and how market-based economies appear to be reconfiguring democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This single-centre retrospective study aimed to characterise the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of mandibular trauma presenting to the same tertiary trauma centre 30 years apart, including key paradigm shifts in management and techniques. A total of 393 patients presenting with 665 mandibular fractures were managed by the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department at The Royal Melbourne Hospital (RMH), Australia, between 2011 and 2016. Data from a previous RMH paper of 205 patients presenting with 376 mandibular fractures between January 1985 and April 1990 were compared. Results showed an increase in presentations (205 to 393 patients) with an increase in the incidence of mandibular trauma (p = 0.0001), females (12% to 14%), and mean age (29 to 31.1) years. Young males remained the dominant cohort (86%) and interpersonal violence (IPV) the most common aetiology (46% to 43%). Mandibular fractures remained commonly associated with other systemic injuries (49% to 42%), occurring most frequently on the left (49%), and at the angle (29.8%), with most occurring at two sites (53%). Significant paradigm shifts in the management of mandibular trauma saw a reduced need for intermaxillary fixation (76% to 30%, p = 0.0001), increased use of extraoral approaches to the fracture, and the use of semi-rigid internal fixation along ideal lines of osteosynthesis (29% to 87%, p = 0.0001). This demonstrated decreased complications including malocclusion, non-union and delayed union, and permanent nerve injury. There was no significant change in infection, dehiscence rates, and temporary nerve damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citizen science is growing rapidly with positive outcomes documented for ecological research, conservation, policy, innovation, and increased citizen stewardship. This rapid increase provides an opportunity to reflect on the characteristics of citizen science projects and determine their diverse goals, practices and outcomes. This paper focuses on the perspective of those initiating and leading citizen science projects in the third largest growing citizen science landscape – Australia, discussing the varying goals, outcomes and impacts. Findings from the statistical and thematic analysis of an online questionnaire (for multiple-choice and open-ended questions respectively), demonstrate the Australian citizen science landscape as growing exponentially, dominated by ecological and biodiversity projects, yet mostly local in scope and limited in numbers of participants. Individual and community goals such as education, raising awareness and public engagement, were found to be the focus of most citizen science projects, whilst scientific developments and policy advancement were often considered secondary goals. Projects leaders describe inherent tensions in managing projects and balancing their many goals. For example, public engagement was concurrently considered a benefit of citizen science enabling non-scientists participation in science discourse and research, and a challenge in recruitment, retention and ongoing communication with citizens scientists. The findings underscore the imperative of striking a balance between scientific rigor, policy objectives and societal aims, for advancing the vision of citizen science and maximizing its effectiveness and ecological impact. This relevance extends globally, urging nations from the Global North to the Global South, to consider replicating and adapting these approaches for broader societal benefit. • Australian citizen science is dominated by biodiversity projects with a local scope and limited participant numbers. • Individual and community goals are prioritized, scientific advancements and policy development are secondary objectives. • Tensions observed in managing multiple project objectives, particularly regarding participant recruitment and communication. • Citizen science would benefit from striking a balance between multiple goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Australia, trifluralin is one of the commonly used herbicides to manage annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds. However, it may have some ecosystem impacts such as high toxicity to terrestrial and aquatic life, so it is vital to monitor the degradation of trifluralin for a considerable period for environmental safety. For risk assessment purposes, it is necessary to estimate the half-life of trifluralin, which is often evaluated using derived mathematical dissipation models. In the literature, bi-exponential (BEXP) and gamma models were suggested for modelling the dissipation of trifluralin in soil. Both models provide the half-life estimate without discussing the uncertainty of the estimate, which is a shortcoming in the literature. In this paper, we used simulation to illustrate the importance of estimate's uncertainty (standard error) and demonstrated a method to compute the standard error for the half-life estimate mathematically for kinetic dissipation models. Later, we evaluated the performance of the two suggested models using statistical indices. The computation of the half-life and the standard error of the half-life estimate were discussed. This allows us to describe the inference of the half-life parameter and determine whether the half-life estimates are significantly different against the co-variate (moisture) levels. We demonstrated the method to calculate the standard error of the half-life of trifluralin, which allows us to determine the statistical difference between the estimates. In this study, we found that the half-life of trifluralin in soil tends to increase with increasing moisture levels, and the half-life of trifluralin in soil with 100% moisture level is significantly greater than 40% and 70% moisture levels. Our findings suggest that soil moisture levels should be carefully considered before trifluralin application to minimize the non-target environmental damage. [Display omitted] • BEXP and gamma models have been considered to investigate the trifluralin dissipation. • A simulation study illustrated the importance of the standard error of half-life. • Provided mathematical computation of the standard error of the half-life. • The soil moisture levels influenced the half-life estimates of trifluralin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the reasons why many people are reticent about travelling in a COVID-adapted world. It reports on a study of residents of Southeast Queensland, Australia conducted in mid-2022, up to six months after borders reopened after a prolonged COVID-19 shutdown. About one quarter of respondents were less interested in travel in a COVID-adapted world than they were before the pandemic struck. They were a diverse group whose reasons for their reticence could be categorised into four broad risk groups of: ongoing anxiety; fear of catching the disease; satisfaction risk, and; travel risk as reflected by an overall loss of interest in travel. Each group displayed different COVID-adapted travel patterns that reflect the operationalisation of different risk categories. A follow-up survey conducted in August 2023 confirmed that up to one in four people still have less desire to travel as a result of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation systems present spatial heterogeneity across regions within states or provinces, posing a need for regional and state efficiency analysis. Yet existing efficiency models focus only on national and sub-national levels, inhibiting the analysis of resource misallocation across regions within each state. This paper aggregated region-level efficiency into state-level efficiency measures. We constructed a new measure of state-level overall efficiency and decomposed it into technical and allocative efficiency. We implemented these aggregation and decomposition strategies using a new slack-based dynamic network data envelopment analysis model. Using data from 316 regions across Australia from 2012 to 2018, our empirical application showed that the misallocation of resources across regions within states was one significant factor explaining low state-level overall efficiency. Using Spatial Durbin Models, we found evidence for spatial agglomeration effects and the crowding out effects on regional technical efficiency (RTE) in relation to population and business density. Net business entry is one important driver of RTE. Regions having a smaller proportion of the manufacturing sector and a bigger proportion of the service sector are found to have lower RTE, reflecting the shift towards service industries in the Australian economy during the period 2012–2018. • We construct state-level efficiency measures and decomposes them into technical and allocative efficiency components. • We use a slack-based dynamic network model in aggregation and decomposition strategies. • We provide the first empirical application to analyse regional innovation efficiency across Australian regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Actors experience considerable uncertainty when developing and realizing mobility innovations that can contribute in the transition to a sustainable transport system. Although the role of uncertainty and its handling is mentioned as important in the literature on transitions and innovations, there is a lack of understanding how uncertainty affects decision-making processes and actors themselves. This paper investigates the interplay of uncertainty competencies and governance settings in four innovation cases of Mobility as a Service (MaaS). Our findings demonstrate it is difficult to sustain MaaS beyond a research trial, because actors experience too much uncertainty about governance questions of long-term responsibilities and role distribution. Although individual actors possess effective project management skills and willingness to innovate in a trial context, they are unable to bring MaaS to a next level because MaaS is not seen as a part of a larger design quest in which stakeholders experiment and play with uncertainty through different institutional configurations. • Exploring innovation processes through actors' experience of uncertainty enables to explain why they (do not) move forward. • In uncertain innovation trials, uncertainty is often translated by actors as risk that should be reduced. • Innovation trials are good at resolving uncertainties on a project level. • Full implementation of mobility innovations requires broader experimentation with actor responsibilities and legislative configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents findings on Middle Eastern immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia. The extent to which perceived discrimination and acculturation influence their social and psychological capital, and the effects of social and psychological capital on their firm performance, are explored. We found that such immigrants, who are highly acculturated to the mainstream culture, not only tend to have many social interactions outside their community but also possess strong psychological capital. Although perceived discrimination has been associated with low social involvement outside an immigrant community, we found that perceived discrimination does not exert a statistically significant effect on psychological capital. Importantly, both social and psychological capital are found to exert positive effects on firm performance. The findings have implications for enhancing the capacity of policy makers to provide high impact to immigrant entrepreneurs. Specific interventions are suggested to assist such entrepreneurs to leverage their social and psychological capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are central to international conservation frameworks and public support has been recognised as critical to their effective implementation. Accordingly, measures of public attitudes to MPAs are routinely undertaken. Public opinion research frequently indicates high levels of public support for MPAs despite low levels of public understanding of the tools and the protections offered by existing MPA systems. Nonetheless, studies indicating public support enhance the social licence of the actors responsible for designing and managing MPAs. To date, there has been little scrutiny of who conducts public opinion research. Using Australia as a case study, this paper presents the results of a systematic review of primary public opinion research on MPAs in Australia between 2000 and 2022 (n = 68). The review focusses on the upstream phase of research production and identifies the academic, government, and commercial or civil society actors who contribute to primary attitudinal data via authorship, funding, and/or named support. The overwhelming majority of the research reviewed (78%) was contributed to by government actors while academics contributed to 68%. Drawing on science and technology studies (STS) and communication studies literature and theories, we consider our results in the context of the non-neutral production of knowledge and its communication. The substantial contribution of governments to the research which reports overwhelming public support for Australian MPAs and, in turn, provides the social license that legitimises how government actors have applied the management tool in the Australian context, is a finding that invites further exploration. • Systematic literature review of the production of Australian public opinion research reporting attitudes to MPAs. • MPA public opinion research is contributed to predominately by government (78%) and academic institutions (68%). • Seventy six percent (76%) of the research is directly authored and/or funded by government. • Concentrated research production may entrench biases in the assessment of social license for marine management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Qualitative study of Greek diaspora in Australia focusing on nation-building. • Explores linkages between diaspora and national identity through example of language. • Demonstrates tensions in Greek language usage in relation to identity negotiations. • Advocates flexible, inclusive notions of diasporic belonging to multiple nations. This paper uses a qualitative case study of the Greek diaspora in Australia in order to add to debates on the geographies of diaspora and diasporic identity in relation to nation-building and nationalism through an exploration of Greek language usage. Specifically, it contributes to ongoing research in geography, diaspora studies and beyond, which stresses the need to examine and tensions and disunities within diasporic 'communities' through a focus on the materialities and emotionalities of diasporic lives and identities. The paper stresses that although more fluid and in-between diasporic identity negotiations are important, it is also necessary to examine the ways in which those in diaspora attempt to 'hold onto' times and spaces of homeland national identity in order to perform more static, bounded and inflexible notions of diasporic identity. The paper uses the example of language to demonstrate how tensions over the role and importance of homeland language in diaspora reveal different imaginations and emotions around what it means to be, feel and belong in diaspora. The paper contributes to debates over the roots and routes of diaspora, as well as the need for boundary (re)making. In doing so, it stresses the need for geographical research on diaspora, and the important role that geographers can play in critical interpretations of the lives and identities of those in diaspora, 'on the move', within and across borders. It therefore adds to ongoing geographical debates about the need to envisage diasporas in flexible and inclusive ways, but also account for the ways in which nation-building and nationalism continue to form part of diasporic identity articulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Climate adaptation policy in a large river basin is explored. • Empirical study of science and policy interactions during actual reforms. • Interviews with senior research policy professionals reveal dynamics of policy formulation. • Proposes legally prescribed procedures for utilising science in environmental policy formulation. Climate change has many disruptive consequences, particularly in large river basins experiencing drying trends and declining water availability. With pressure for more adaptive policies, understanding how institutions governing water are adapting to climate risks has broad international relevance. This paper examines the challenges of climate risk assessments in Australia's Murray Darling Basin, an economically and culturally important basin where national legislation mandates a Basin Plan based on the best available science. However, despite repeated scientific warnings about a drying climate, the current Basin Plan does not reduce estimates of water resources available, and its climate risk management relies on a bricolage of policy mechanisms, which appear insufficient for the magnitude of predicted changes. This paper outlines the findings of original research exploring why this occurred. It draws on interviews with 30 senior public policy professionals and researchers with deep experience in climate and water policy. The interview data indicate that minimising political risks were the principal reasons for abandoning proposed reductions in entitlements and for relying on historical averages for estimating water availability. As the reform process evolved, decisions about water-planning techniques became increasingly politicised, and the adoption of explicit climate adaptation measures became problematic. As a result, the Basin Plan neither reflects the broad scientific consensus about climate change nor makes specific allowances for declining water availability. Climate risks are downplayed while concerns about levels of scientific uncertainties appear overstated. Importantly, lessons emerge from this examination that could contribute to the revisions of the Plan, scheduled for 2026. More generally, the research finds that proactive climate adaptation policies for large river basins require sustained and well-designed institutional reforms, particularly the adoption of legally prescribed procedures for utilising science - and accounting for its use - in controversial environmental reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fair representation of different communities of interest is a central tenet of democracy. In Australia, governments at all levels historically employed rural weightings to maintain the representation of sparsely-populated regions. However, these have fallen out of favor as demands for one-person, one-vote equality have become the norm. This nominal equality can create other forms of bias in areas of uneven population which have distinct communities of interest, as is the case in many rural local governments. This paper explores this bias by unpacking findings of a ward boundary review in the rural local government Shire of Dandaragan in Western Australia. Drawing on interviews with councilors and community stakeholders, it examines different proposals for fair representation via ward and non-ward based structures. It finds that fair representation of all communities is challenged by inherent biases in the criteria for drawing ward boundaries that are often not well understood by those involved. It shows how a 'no ward' system which allows smaller communities to coordinate behind a single reputable candidate can generate fairer representation than a system of wards whose boundaries may or may not align with communities of interest. • Local governments in Australia can be based around a system of wards or elected 'at-large' in a no-ward district. • Ward boundaries must by law be based around communities of interest and also reflect equality in councilor-to-elector ratios. • These criteria are in tension in many rural areas. • The findings of this paper highlight the perceived and actual bias which emerged in a ward boundary review of the Shire of Dandaragan, a rural local government area in Western Australia. • Fair representation under various boundary options was challenged by inherent and structural biases often not well-understood by community stakeholders and decision-makers. • We conclude that a no ward system can produce fairer representation than a system of wards which may not align with communities of interest given equality requirements when populations are unevenly distributed across wards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Australian citizen science research programs, VegeSafe and DustSafe, are novel and wide-reaching. Together, they capture the largest number of community-generated domestic garden soil and indoor house dust samples and associated trace metal analysis of any similar programme globally, totalling 26,500 samples from 7,200 homes in Australia alone. All citizen science research programs need to balance often conflicting expectations and imperatives of the researchers and the participants. This paper assesses VegeSafe and DustSafe participant and researcher outcomes against common goals of citizen science programs, including participant engagement, accessibility, motivations and learning in order to evaluate the programs' impact and usefulness. Questionnaire data from 522 questionnaires were analysed which showed that VegeSafe and DustSafe have: enhanced participants' involvement in science (76%), understanding of science (62%); addressed specific community concerns (91%); and were considered useful (93%). The success of the VegeSafe and DustSafe programs can be measured by the number of samples received, households engaged and its geographic footprint across Australia's most populated cities. The participant questionnaire provided deeper insight into positive participant outcomes, including participant autonomy in the scientific process and changes in attitudes and behaviours towards science. Many participants adopted interventions to mitigate potential toxic trace metal exposure in their domestic spaces after receiving their results. The VegeSafe and DustSafe programs provide valuable examples of how to establish programs to meet community needs effectively, educate the community and bring about positive change to ultimately improve community health. [Display omitted] • 522 citizen scientists were surveyed about participation outcomes. • VegeSafe and DustSafe increased scientific understanding and involvement. • Participants reported ownership, changed attitudes and behaviours. • Participants prefer simplicity in presentation of results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the labour experiences of Pacific Islander people living in the Greater Shepparton Region in south-eastern Australia, and the forms of both intergenerational belonging and exclusion that are produced at the intersection of racialised labour and place-making in the settler-colonial state. Shepparton's Pacific Islander community, which has been resident in the area for over thirty years, is heavily involved in seasonal horticultural labour, forming part of an industry workforce that also includes workers from other settled migrant-background communities, refugees and asylum seekers, as well as large number of temporary migrant workers. Nevertheless, Pacific Islanders in the region often feel themselves, and their labour, unrecognised within the context of established narratives that discursively construct localness as white. Here, we pay particular attention to the experiences of Pasifika youth who, in reflecting on the labour of their parents, offer potent perspectives on the kinds of precarious belonging this labour produces. These contrast sharply with the celebrated forms of intergenerational belonging and claims to place that adhere to the labour of white farmers, and that have their origins in the colonial dispossessions on which the region's industry is founded. Still, Pasifika people in the region do make place for themselves and for their youth, both through the waged labour they perform as well as through diverse forms of community labour that also situate them in relation to, and with, Indigenous community. Attention to these diverse forms of labour expands the terms through which the work and labour experiences of migrant and other non-white people are usually figured, and highlights the complex, intergenerational entwining of colonialism and racialisation in white-majority rural places. • Pasifika workers' labour produces rural landscapes within which they are marginalised. • Racialized imaginaries in Australian rural places construct local-ness as white. • Pasifika youth value the labour of their parents in ambivalent terms. • Understandings of work should expand to encompass diverse forms of place-making. • Labour in rural Australia reflects the entwining of racialisation and colonisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the social connectedness experiences among older migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds in Australia. Data were collected via two rounds of semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic and cluster analysis. Participants were 40 migrants aged 66-91 years, of German, Dutch, Romanian, Chinese, and Vietnamese origin. They identified a range of factors affecting their social connectedness experiences: personal preferences, individual efforts to connect with others, English language proficiency, driving ability, and length of residence. Data analysis also revealed four groupings of experience: the isolated, family, ethnic community, and multicultural cluster. These patterns of connectedness were experienced differently across the ethnic groups. The findings suggest the benefits of providing culture-specific social connection opportunities to help older migrants to stay socially connected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farmers' resilience is routinely named as an agricultural policy objective in Australia and internationally. However, uncritical use of the resilience concept, as well as the disparity observed between policy intentions and outcomes, invites careful analysis of resilience in agricultural policy. Public policy development processes vary internationally; in Australia, governments issue White Papers to articulate public policy. In this paper we examine the resilience language in the Australian government's 2015 Agricultural Competitiveness White Paper and an associated funding initiative, the Managing Farm Risk Program (MFRP). One underpinning assumption in these policy documents is that grain farmers' access to crop insurance for climate-implicated production risks, including drought, would enhance grain farmers' resilience. We argue that the engagement of the White Paper and MFRP documents with resilience is superficial and substitutes a flawed faux resilience through: (i) articulating particular 'uncontrollable' threats to which farmers must be resilient; (ii) unburdening government from any substantive responsibility to mitigate these same threats, and; (iii) specifying normative prescriptions for how farmers should enact resilience. Rather than discarding the resilience concept entirely, we look again to foundational theoretical scholarship and bring attention anew to the critical role productive novelty plays in resilience. We suggest that in agricultural contexts, productive novelty is analogous to on-farm tinkering; we further argue that policy frameworks which support farmers' own generative capacity for productive novelty, i.e. creating space for farmers to tinker, may prove a more promising way to foster farmers' resilience. • 'Resilience', when named as a policy objective, requires critical analysis. • Faux resilience in policy language can further entrench maladaptation. • Resilience can be undesirable, even perverse and is enmeshed with power. • Productive novelty is a generative practice foundational to resilience. • Claims that crop insurance will enhance resilience for farmers are oversimplified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]