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In the mid 1920s, Virginia Woolf was engaged in a dispute with the American critic Logan Pearsall Smith on “the ethics of writing articles at high rates for fashion papers”. Harper’s Bazaar, a commercial magazine to which Woolf contributed four short stories between 1930 and 1939, was a feminine periodical that exploited modernism’s distinction and high cultural capital to captivate a sophisticated, but essentially middle-class, readership by selling the illusion of upward cultural mobility. Although Woolf referred to her high-quality contributions to Harper’s Bazaar as “pot boiling stories for America” written “to make money”, it seems clear that her own engagement with a middlebrow publishing venue did not in the least affect her reputation as a highbrow intellectual and was indeed typical of the multifaceted, reciprocal relationship between the magazine and high modernism in a context in which mobility also meant redrawing the boundaries between intellectual and popular culture. The publication of modernist content within the glossy pages of Harper’s Bazaar was advantageous to both modernists seeking to maintain their celebrity status and the periodical itself, which attempted to cultivate and sustain a refined audience. Much in line with her work of the 1930s, Woolf’s short stories engaged with social and ethical issues such as the righteousness of penetrating other people’s lives and innermost truths (“In the Looking Glass”), violence and decay (“The Shooting Party”), capitalism and antisemitism (“The Duchess and the Jeweler”), human and non-human worlds (“Lappin and Lapinova”). Though often considered as non-canonical in terms of both their rather prosaic plot as well as characterisation, and the commercial venue in which they appeared, the stories Woolf wrote for Harper’s Bazaar reflect the preoccupations of the last decade of her career and are indicative of the tensions between high and low in modernist culture.

This paper suggests a fresh look at the sermons of Alan of Lille, teaching Arts and Theology in Paris in the second half of the 12th century. It takes two recently developed concepts as a starting point: Firstly, Clare Monagle’s thesis of the “Scholastic Project”, which highlights the socially exclusive effects of scholasticism; secondly, the concept of “blurred boundaries” between ‘orthodoxy’ and ‘heresy’ that helps bearing in mind the fluid character of ‘orthodoxy’. Rather than being a homogenous entity, it is equally as instable as ‘heterodoxy’, and subject to the interests of its proponents. This is of particular importance for the period considered here, in which the Paris masters had not yet acquired the status of theological experts as the later university masters would have. Against this background, this paper argues that Alan did not only disseminate theological doctrine, but at the same time contributed to his self-fashioning as an orthodox theologian in a time of transition at the Paris schools. It becomes clear how the promotion of ‘orthodoxy’ is linked to social and personal circumstances.

Sri Lankan literature in English occupies an important place in postcolonial literature but can also position itself in the arc of ecocriticism. The aim of this paper is to explore Shehan Karunatilaka’s 2022 Booker Prize winning novel The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida by tracing a transition from despair to hope. Thematising the civil war in Sri Lanka, the novel depicts the Afterlife from the perspective of a recently dead photographer called Maali, who tries to solve the mystery of his death and retrieve some of his photographs. In the plot, despair and hope are of paramount importance and take on interesting traits. While the portrayal of despair strongly resembles its Elizabethan conception and can pave the way for intertextual interactions with Spenser’s The Faerie Queene, hope takes on ecocritical traits through a positive form of fragmentation, which bridges human/nonhuman boundaries, and a decolonial reading of the Sri Lankan landscape. By analysing specific excerpts from the novel, this paper will underline the ecocritical themes in the novel and highlight compelling connections with Spenser’s text. Thus, Sri Lankan ecocritical literature will be explored and interesting aspects of Karunatilaka’s novel, such as the transition from despair to hope, will be brought to the foreground.

This paper approaches fictional telecinematic discourse from a perspective of inter-character negative evaluation in a specific context. The paper adapts a categorisation for interpersonal negative judgements and uses it to analyse instances of negative evaluation where participation in career practices are negotiated between the marital couple of Lucy and Ricky Ricardo in the classic sitcom I Love Lucy. A recurring theme in the show, Lucy’s desire to star in show business and Ricky’s attempts to thwart her ambitions have been discussed as both a representation of domestic containment typical to Post-War gender roles as well as an example of early feminist representation in televised sitcoms. The analysis reveals three intertwined facets of containment: Moral judgements condemning the oppressive behaviour of restricting Lucy’s access to career opportunities, moral judgements condemning the subversion of authority, and moral judgements of fairness condemning the distribution of social resources.

Well-being in academia is obviously tied to levels of burnout experienced by academics. Why are these levels increasing and how is their increase related to the marketization and neoliberalisation of universities? What should we, as academics, do in order to counter this trend and improve both our well-being and that of our students as well as society? These questions are addressed through experimental writing, employing techniques that are unusual for linguistics, namely autoethnography, in order to reflect on academic careers and the problems of mental health and harassment experienced by PhD students. Drawing inspiration from “transformative praxis”, this paper describes the approach of social justice teaching and conscientization. Focusing in particular on the theme of environmental education, the paper reflects on how introducing social justice teaching in academic courses is likely to prove helpful to prevent burnout and dissatisfaction. The second part of the paper describes the author’s experience with university courses about ecolinguistics and the feedback received from students, including a selection of their comments.

The present paper functions as an introduction to this special issue of mediAzioni, which brings together selected papers presented at the Translating Europe Workshop entitled "L'intelligenza artificiale per la traduzione verso una nuova progettazione didattica?" (3 December 2021), focusing on the pedagogical implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI), with a particular emphasis on Neural Machine Translation (NMT). The article revolves around three main themes. First, it considers the impact of emerging neural technologies on language services, redefining the traditional role of the translator and creating new responsibilities and tasks. Despite the considerable progress that NMT has made compared to previous models, it still has shortcomings that are almost "invisible" because they often lack clear grammatical or morphosyntactic marking. Such errors require a certain cognitive effort to identify, since they involve problems that are less obvious to the untrained eye, such as textuality or inadequacies at the level of discourse. Secondly, the article looks more closely at professional practices, especially those related to pre-editing, post-editing and proofreading. Particular emphasis is placed on the indispensable role of the human in translation workflows that integrate NMT not only at the level of post-editing and text revision, but also at the level of translation project management. Finally, the paper moves on to the implications of NMT for the training of translators and beyond, discussing key insights from the workshop participants regarding future teaching practices at university level. The article concludes by outlining the structure of this special issue and providing a brief synopsis of the collected papers.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss and analyze public posts on the social network Facebook that point to xenophobic opinions about the (i)migrant poetry slam scene in Portugal. These posts reflect the post-colonial attitudes of a historically colonizing country, which is currently experiencing a cultural identity crisis that oscillates between Lusotropicalist and Eurocentric ideology, and whose economic, racial and gender discrimination is still present. We will therefore look at poetry slam in Portugal in the light of post-colonial, identity and social disputes.

This paper explores the discursive construction of the male characters of the Spanish miniseries Antidisturbios created by Rodrigo Sorogoyen and Isabel Peña and premiered on Movistar + on 16 October 2020. Combining a qualitative methodology (film analysis and critical discourse analysis applied to gender studies) with a quantitative approach to the script of the series, the study focuses on the representation of the six riot police officers, paying attention both to how their roles reproduce hegemonic masculinity and to any new form of masculinity that can be observed in response to that normative pattern.

The article analyses theexploitation of elastic rubber in BolivianAmazonia (1880-1920), which played a crucial role in the definitive colonisationof the eastern part of the country. The goal of the paper is to describe the diverseroles women played in the several stages and contexts of rubber extraction,aiming at documenting the operation of the extractive machinery from a femalepoint of view and also to reconstruct the historical agency of the Creole,Indigenous and European women left out of the historical sources by the hyper-masculinising bias of Amazonian history.

This paper analyses the relationship between masturbation and literary creation, taking as a reference the memoirs and some poems by Carlos Barral. For this purpose, it also considers texts by other authors, who lived through Franco's repression just like Barral or simply gave their own meaning to the search for intimate pleasure implied by autoeroticism. The essay aims to study the ways in which literary and sexual subjectivity feed back into each other, in an era marked by censorship and silence.

Italy has recently been one of the main entry points for asylum seekers and refugees into Europe (UNHCR 2023). Credibility assessment of claims in asylum procedures heavily hinges on the applicants’ ability to (re)construct their refugee identity in written declarations and oral testimonies, which are in turn shaped and reshaped within the interaction in the further course of the procedure, not only but also by interpreters. Over the past 30 years, a growing number of publications testifies to the importance of asylum interpreters’ roles and ethics and show that asylum interpreters rarely fulfil the expectations of normative role prescriptions. This paper aims to gain a better understanding of some critical aspects of interpreting in the asylum context in Italy, an understudied area of interpreting so far, mainly for difficult access to data. It is based on a combination of participant observation, semi-structured interviews to some of the participants in the hearings and documentation about our dataset, which was collected at a Prefecture in central Italy in 2023. After an overview of the normative aspects of the right to asylum in the world and, more specifically, in Italy, we discuss the main issues concerning the complex profile and role of asylum interpreters and provide a description of the Italian international protection system. We then contextualise the dataset and the linguistic-ethnographic methods adopted to unravel the complex interactional dynamics under investigation. Based on our data analysis, we conclude that, in order to provide quality services, more specialised interpreter training is needed – not only in terms of language, legal knowledge and terminology, intercultural and communication skills, but also in terms of interviewing techniques and interactional mechanisms, as well as awareness of roles and respective boundaries in the asylum hearing.

Vulnerabilities and ‘gatekeeping’ asymmetries often emerge throughout interactions taking place in institutional settings. This is especially true in cross-cultural interactions occurring in migration contexts, which are often characterized by an asymmetrical power distribution between the participants involved, namely Western experts vs. non-Western migrants, challenging a successful meaning negotiation. Starting from the assumption that mediation processes are central in migration contexts, where speakers from different sociolinguistic backgrounds interact in multilingual environments where there is an increasing use of lingua francas such as ELF, the paper will explore those pragmalinguistic processes and behaviours challenging successful meaning negotiation or leading to communication failure in such intercultural and multilingual contexts. A discourse analysis of spoken interactions involving asylum-seekers, language mediators and professionals unveiled participants’ use of strategies of hybridization, negotiation, and reformulation, activated in such cross-cultural mediation encounters, where meaning is negotiated at different levels – linguistic, paralinguistic and extralinguistic – variously and creatively exploited by multilingual speakers. The ultimate aim of the exploration of spoken specialized discourse, related to medical and legal integration, to mediated migration narratives, as well as to cross-cultural representations of traumatic experiences, is to promote intercultural awareness, cultural diversity and plurilingualism, and to raise concern towards current ethical issues connected to identity and displacement in the new multilingual and multicultural European societies.

While healthcare interpreting studies have extensively discussed the interactive work done by interpreters and intercultural mediators in providing interpreting, much less has been said about what clinicians can do to facilitate interpreting provision. In this paper, we draw on two extended maternity check-ups recorded in Italian hospitals, each involving a clinician, a migrant expectant mother and an intercultural mediator. The consultations were selected from a corpus of over 300 interactions recorded in similar contexts, with English-speaking patients from West Africa, India and the Philippines, because they lend themselves to a two-case comparison. In the first, with a Nigerian patient, the mediator receives considerable help from the clinician and, although the mediator is not particularly experienced, interpreting is carried out reasonably well. In the second consultation, with an Indian patient, the clinician’s “doing” creates a number of obstacles to the mediator, who, although quite experienced, encounters various difficulties in the accomplishment of her interpreting work. We look at two types of sequences: a. question-answer sequences and b. clinician’s uptake of patient’s contributions. Our results indicate that certain clinicians’ practices, although possibly well-meaning, may in fact inhibit smooth rendition and consequently patients’ involvement in talk. Implications for training clinicians to work in interpreted settings are briefly discussed.

Constant migration flows from Africa and the East have caused an increase in the demand for public service interpreting and linguistic and cultural mediation across the national health services of Europe, where English as Lingua Franca is one of the languages often used to communicate with foreign patients. Previous research on the lexical strategies deployed during mediated medical visits mainly focused on the medical language varieties used by doctors and mediators, on how the translation of medical terminology can favour or hinder the interlocutors’ active participation or on patients’ understanding of medical terminology. Based on transcribed audio-recordings of mediated medical visits recorded in Italian public surgeries, this paper argues that, when the patients’ linguistic competences are evidently limited, mediators might resort to specific lexical strategies which are implemented to coordinate the interaction more effectively and ascertain that intersubjectivity is maintained. All data have been analysed using a conversation-analytic methodology, in order to outline which mediator lexical choices prove more effective in achieving interactional success. Two phenomena in particular have been investigated: the coordinating use of multi-part renditions of questions and the role of repetitions (Schegloff 1997) in mediated interaction sequences. Our final aim is to highlight how the use of such communicative strategies can prove particularly useful for mediators to gather and provide information more effectively, and to generally guarantee a positive outcome of the medical visit.

Several organisations have recently started to pay more attention to their employees’ happiness since they have realized the tight relationship between employees’ well-being and productivity. In fact, research studies (Adams 2019; Kossek et al. 2014) have demonstrated how staff job satisfaction can be influenced by work-life balance and consequently help increase the profits of organisations. Since the growth of job stress among academics has been endangering their well-being (Bhatia and Mohsin 2020), a few scholars (Bailey and Phillips 2016; Bell et al. 2012; Heiden et al. 2021) have analysed the link between job pressure stress and health and the negative implications for both the performances of academics and the outcomes of students. In order to fight against the feeling of living in a threatening work context, some universities have begun to promote some initiatives and stress management practices to help their members to cope with increased symptoms of ill-being and psychological distress. As it is becoming increasingly usual that non-academic organisations include in their organigrams a new professional profile, the Chief Happiness Officer (CHO), in order to monitor their employees’ well-being, the present paper is intended to be the starting point of a debate on the potential role of the CHO in academia to promote a new academic culture based on happiness, satisfaction and sustainable positivity. In particular, the interest in this new profession raises the question of whether a CHO can actually contribute to improving well-being in academia or whether it can be more beneficial to focus on a “chief happiness officer mentality”, rather than a chief happiness officer person.

Medicine is undoubtedly one of the most important domains of specialised translation; its terminology is therefore paramount for translators. A significant niche consists in the language of clinical studies. However, to date there are no extensive terminological resources for translators in this field. The purpose of the present paper is to try and fill this gap by conducting a contrastive terminological analysis in German, English and Italian.

From a semantic perspective the relation of concession can be defined as a specific type of contrast between two states of affairs, i.e. counterexpectative contrast, in which the conflict originates by the denial of an assumption, generated by the first state of affair or by the context. The semantic domain of concessivity has been investigated by a fair amount of studies that have explored the variety of connectives used to express concession in an Italian-Russian contrastive perspective (Biagini/Latos 2010; Biagini 2016; Biagini/Mazzoleni 2017; 2018). In this paper we focus on the Italian adverbial connective tuttavia and its Russian most frequent counterparts, i.e. odnako, tem ne menee and vsë že. The data are taken from the Italian-Russian and Russian-Italian parallel sub-sections of the Russian National Corpus. For our research we considered contemporary original texts (from 1945 until today) and we analyzed a total of 377 examples with their translations: 87 for tuttavia, 195 for odnako, 16 for tem ne menee and 79 for vsë že. The aim of this paper is to shed light on language-specific tendencies in relation to the semantic and textual expression of concession. The present Italian-Russian contrastive analysis, that exploits both qualitative and quantitative methods, investigates three different aspects: (a) the type of coding of the relation (full coding, undercoding or inferential bridging, in terms of Prandi 2004; 2006), (b) the syntactic distribution of connectives, and (c) the combination of connectives and punctuation (cf. Ferrari/Pecorari 2018; Pecorari 2019). Although interference can play a role in translation, we observed interesting differences in the data of the two languages. The results of the multi-perspective analysis show that Russian seems to assign a major semantic and textual relevance to the concessive relation than Italian, by using a richer semantic coding and by giving it a key role in the textual architecture.

The paper reviews Bulgarian conjunction bez da and Italian conjunction senza (che), introducing the subordinate clause with the relating to an unaccomplished action. The paper explores grammatical, syntactic, and semantic properties of these constructions in both languages. The similarity of semantic and functional potential of Bulgarian and Italian constructions as well as their intralingual specificity are shown.

Spanish musical film was recurrent during the Francoism, with actors who sang or singers who acted. At first, linked to popular styles, Spanish cinema opted since 1960s for melodic song or pop, and promoted an idea of modernity to Europe and Latin America through singers of the time. This paper analyzes the characters and songs of the seven films which Raphael starred between 1966 and 1973, in the second Francoism, where, almost autobiographically, he played aspiring and music stars, sang the hits from his albums and his performances worked in these films as a music video.

This paper analyses the decolonial production of Edgardo Lander and Ramón Grosfoguel. It will focus on a historiographical reconstruction of the characteristics presented by the Coloniality-Modernity network. The methodological approach applied here is that of the History of the Latin-American Ideas. It concludes that the network fractures due to the publication of a political document authored by some of the decolonial intellectuals, who are critics of Nicolas Maduro’s government. These theoretical-political dissidences allow to disarticulate the myth of the Modernity-Coloniality group.

The aim of this paper is discussing some polemical points when it comes to the Brazilian literature written by afro-Brazilian writers. What is the most adequate category to use for talking about these texts: afro-Brazilian literature? Afrodescendent literature? Brazilian black literature? After that, it is presented a “study case” focusing the short novel Ilhota, written by Zeli de Oliveira Barbosa.

This paper reflects on health reparation practices in the context of neoliberal hegemony and long-lasting impunity. It builds on an ethnographical approach (2019-2022) to four health reparation initiatives created by users and workers of a state reparation program together with civil organizations in the South of Chile. It states that the way these initiatives deal with the damage produced by state violence (1973-1990) point toward an alternative horizon for health reparations, which may also counter today’s authoritarian orientations.

This paper seeks to approach the story that blames the Chilean left for the institutional breakdown that ended in the civil-military dictatorship led by Augusto Pinochet. If we take as a reference the Uruguayan case, in relation to the discussion on "who threw the first stone" (the left or the right), we do it to question and deepen our own case, by analyzing the arguments that justify representations of the past that criminalize, shame and dehumanize the identity pillars of the Chilean left. Thus, we will explore the responsibilities of the right wing not only in the institutional ruptures, but also in the dissemination and representation of common meanings that aim to see the actions of the left as a "cause" and the military irruption as a "consequence".

This paper aims to explore the ‘migratory careers’ of a group of highly educated Brazilian women and the dynamics activated to achieve the job-education match in Spain. It analyses the reasons for emigration and settlement, as well as the structures of opportunities and constraints, from a multidimensional perspective. The main findings show the existence of a system of vulnerabilities that influence both their geographical trajectories and their occupational (im)mobilities. This is explained in terms of the interrelationship between hindering/fostering factors in different dimensions of life, with the aim of developing a balanced migratory career to achieve the job-education match.

This paper illustrates the important contribution of Italian university musicology to the training of future music educators, emphasizing the formative role of the history of music (or musics) not only for future musicians or musicologists, but for the training of all students. It also highlights some problematic aspects of the current regulatory framework for the teaching of music history.

This paper proposes some reflections on the peculiarities and main critical issues of Wikipedia, with particular reference to the study of music history. The entry on Alessandro Scarlatti will be used as a specific case. The main stages in the evolution of this entry are traced, starting with an analysis of the comments posted on the “discussion” page and the changes made by users. General reflections will then be made, based on a comparison with the corresponding entry of a “traditional”, authoritative project: the Dizionario biografico degli Italiani.

Taxation is often thought of as either an obstacle or a veritable hinderance to economic development. This holds especially true for pre-industrial European societies, whose fiscality was characterized by extreme fragmentation and lack of coordination. With this paper I will try to challenge this mainstrem inerpretation, questioning both the idea the development should correspond to centralization and streamlining and the notion that fiscality itself was only an obstacle to pre-industrial economic development. Using data from a toll register produced in the Julian Alps in 1426-1427 I will try to argue that the area was characterized by a complex and fairly integrated economic system. Here fiscality was neither an obstacle nor a burden; in a more nuanced way it was one of the key elements that shaped and influenced economic integration. I will thus analyse the development of the fiscal system of the area, highlighting the complex and contingent mechanisms of political bargaining that shaped it. Then, I will try to asses its effects on the economy from both a qualitative and quantitative standpoint.

This paper proposes an exploration of the connection between the recessive trend of the financial economy in the mid-14th century and the simultaneous organisation of the expeditions to the Levant. Specifically, it will measure the impact of the crisis of the Florentine merchant companies, on which the papal treasuries also depended, on the setting up of the Smyrna crusade, which had begun before their collapse and was forced to downsize in the making. Then, the diplomatic contacts between the forces involved will be examined and the relationship between Clement VI (1342-1352), promoter of the expedition, and the Venetian Senate: if the former can be seen as a strenuous attempt to react to the economic constraints, the council seems to be oriented towards limiting contributions, having perhaps lost faith in the success of the enterprise.

In the Middle Ages, authoritative voices of Christianity condemn astrology as a kind of idolatry that denies free will. This is the reason why, since the 12th century, the revival of interest in astrology led some thinkers to prove its compatibility with Christian faith. This paper aims to show that this issue was addressed not only by Petrus Alfonsi’s Epistola ad Peripateticos, Raymond of Marseilles’ Liber cursuum, Michael Scot’'s Liber introductorius and the anonymous Speculum Astronomiae, as already highlighted by some studies, but also by Hildegard of Bingen’s Cause et cure.

This paper introduces a computer application aimed at teaching music drama. The application is based on Drammar, a formal model for drama theory developed at CIRMA in Turin University. On the basis of this model, a tool has been developed to annotate and visualize dramatic and musical structures, and to study their mutual relationships. The paper introduces the ontology and the tools for annotation and visualization of dramatic and musical structures, and tests the conformity between the fundamental principles of drama modeled in the computer program and those adopted in the theory and analysis of musical dramaturgy. It also examines peculiarities in the representation of the drama structures addressed and the basic features of Drammar as applied to the teaching of musical theater.

The aim of this paper is reporting an experience of theatrical translation that lies halfway between translation theory and practice. The project «Tradurre per la scena» is the result of a partnership between three institutions in the city of Bari – the Alliance française, the Kismet OperA theatre and the former Dipartimento di Lingue e Letterature Romanze e Mediterranee of the University. In 2008, a theatre translation team was formed at the University department to work on an Italian version of Olivier Cadiot’s Fairy Queen (P.O.L., 2002). The team thus confronted on the many problems posed in the play translation due to the author’s unbridled writing: diverse issues concerning rhythm, speed, voice, tone, wordplay, etc. Beyond the actual translation experience, the team participants had the opportunity to meet the directors and actors responsible for performing Cadiot’s text, but also to attend rehearsals and to make corrections to the translation prepared during the group translation sessions. The play, in fact, was not only represented on stage. The Italian text was published in a bilingual edition in a collection specifically created by the University department. The author of this paper believes that an illustration of this experience could be of interest to specialists in theatrical translation for several reasons: a) because it brings into play a wide range of cultural skills (linguistic, stylistic, dramaturgical, semiotic, pedagogical, etc.); b) because it constitutes one of the rare examples of collective translation, and moreover in a field that has been rather neglected by theoretical reflection; c) because it offers the rare opportunity to follow the ideally complete path of a foreign play from the stage to the publisher; d) because it closely examines the complexity of the relationship between the translator and the playwright, the actor, and even the author.

The fields of Italian finance and economics are particularly rich in the use of English loanwords, as both non-adapted and adapted Anglicisms can be retrieved in general Italian monolingual dictionaries. If we consider the specific case of audiovisual translation, it is possible to observe an increasing use of Anglicisms in the Italian dubbed versions of audiovisual products set in the world of finance. Firstly, this paper will analyze the case of the first season of Devils (2020), a financial thriller drama television series. The analysis will investigate the translation strategies used to transpose the specialized financial terminology used in the dialogues, focusing in particular on the significant presence of new Anglicisms in the target text. Secondly, the presence of these Anglicisms in the Italian dubbed version of the film The Big Short (2015) will be analyzed, in order to compare their use in both productions. Finally, the paper ends with a practice-based interlingual study involving a number of Italian undergraduate students in Economics, aiming at establishing whether they use the new Anglicisms identified in the Italian dubbed version of Devils.

This paper presents the findings of a comparative discourse analysis of the linguistic representation of the phenomenon of ‘gentrification’ in three cities: London, São Paulo and Moscow. Gentrification is generally understood (see Chris Hamnett, 2003) as the social and spatial transition to a post-industrial economy, usually associated with displacement of lower income groups from the gentrified area. The study observes how discussions of the topic are linguistically shaped in different languages over the same period (pre-Covid, 2015-2018). The material was selected from open sources, following hashtags and keywords in three languages, limiting the material to the genre of public conversation transmitted by the media about the phenomenon under study. The study compares the circulation of the term ‘gentrification’ in selected discourses and shows a conceptual discrepancy between them. This is exemplified through the use of synonyms, substitution for the term, description and interpretation of the notion. This analysis covers the representation of the concepts of ‘community’, ‘collectiveness’ and, in contrast, ‘ghettoization’ for London, São Paulo and Moscow. The different ‘winners’ and ‘victims’ of gentrification for the three cities studied are revealed. The results show that gentrification is openly discussed in London, where changes are considered positive, whereas the Russian discourse on gentrification questions the validity of the term and the process itself in Russian cities. Brazilian urbanists agree that similar processes to gentrification are taking place in São Paulo, emphasizing the role of the Brazilian state and the so-called hidden unofficial powers within informal territories.

The paper examines five poems in which the Portuguese Baroque poet Frei Jerónimo Baía (1620-1688) depicts the portrait of the beloved woman. Each of these texts features the list of the different body parts praised for their beauty, following a model already present in the Petrarchist tradition. Baía combines to this model, like other authors of the same period, a display of wit and a playful disposition for wordplay, hyperbole, and paradox.

José Saramago has repeatedly positioned himself against the use of the concept of narrator, often with categorical and provocative statements, seeking to take part in a theoretical-literary discussion that transcended his time andplace. By reflecting on the function of the literary quarrelin the construction and promotion of the writer-polemist, the purpose of this paper isto revive and deepen the debateproposed by the Portuguese Nobel laureate. Ouraim is to retrace his positions and a part of the history of the concept of the narrator, in orderto examine how this category is constructed in some of Saramago’s novels.

In this paper, we explore the practical and theoretical status of revision in the context of a Masters-level website translation project integrating machine translation (MT) for teaching purposes. We use textometric analysis to explore the nature of modifications made at each of the different stages of revision during the lifetime of one particular project. Computation of characteristic elements and Correspondence Analysis (CA) reveal regular patterns of linguistic intervention, with significant differences observed between the initial stages of the project (MT-EN0 generated by SYSTRAN Pure Neural Machine Translation and post-edited MT-EN1) and subsequent revision cycles. We combine quantitative and qualitative research methods to study characteristic revision patterns in different project cycles (chronological textual series). While some of these patterns represent unpredictable “punctual” edits, the majority are “progressive”, involving modifications that are predictable or gradually built up throughout the project. More generally, it appears that different types of revision closely mirror the guidelines that are presented to students during the teaching workflow. This observation leads us to posit an “evolutive” view of the translation project: just as each webpage in the project has to undergo several cycles of revision, so each stage of revision needs to be carefully primed during the preparation of the project with the clients as well as the students.

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems have made tangible progress in recent years, making them usable for an increasing number of domains and language pairs. The development of neural systems is based on machine learning algorithms and requires large electronic corpora of parallel texts, aligned at the sentence level. Such resources however only exist for a small number of language pairs and domains. To overcome this problem, a recent proposal is to develop so-called “multilingual” translation systems. These developments have been driven in particular by major Internet players, who need to develop automatic language processing tools for as many languages as possible. The main characteristic of these systems is to process multiple languages, both on the source and target sides, with a single translation engine. In this paper, we present the general principles underlying these systems and the innovations that have made them possible, before discussing their main strengths and weaknesses.

Translation technologies are widely used in the translation process and the market is witnessing a radical change in translation practices, with a significant impact on the translation professions. It is important that translation programmes adopted by universities consider the rapid advances in language and translation technologies and devote specific theoretical and practical courses to this topic. Students need to develop specific competences and skills and acquire an advanced mastery of the technologies. In particular, given the current dominant paradigm in machine translation, namely Neural Machine Translation, they need to be aware of the benefits but also the challenges it poses to translators. This paper discusses the concept of “human parity”, which has been proposed in the field as the main goal of current machine translation systems, and presents the teaching and learning of translation technology, with a particular focus on what has been developed at the University of Naples L'Orientale.

Since the first studies observing pedagogical activities related to quality in translator training, many evolutions have taken place, in training programmes as well as in the professional world. Revision has gained a more streamline position in translation processes, and post-editing more and more visible, aided by the improvement of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) quality. These two activities, which aim at upgrading human translations, for revision, and machine translations, for post-editing, still respond to different expectations, practices and document types. However, the role of the skilled expert is acknowledged in normative texts about both activities, and the sealed barriers that existed before between human translation, assisted translation and machine translation, are increasingly blurred. In this paper, we will endeavour to set an integrated and balanced positioning of post-editing in translation training, leveraging the strengths and weaknesses of human translation as much as machine translation, in order to contribute to the long-lasting value of the professional translation specialist.

This paper aims to investigate how empathy and assertiveness are expressed linguistically in two corpora (MUJERES y HOMBRES) of fifteen TED talks each, with a view to identifying whether the women in the sample adopt a more empathetic communicative style than men. The frequency and use of deictics, and a number of intensifiers and hedges will be analyzed starting from the comparison of key POS lists in the two corpora. The results of the study suggest a marked preference of the women in the sample for the use of affiliative, empathetic mechanisms, since they employ first person narratives associated with affective vocabulary, inclusive nosotros, question tags and verbs in the second person plural more often (although for the same purposes) than men.

My paper takes as its focus the semantic variation of the pre-modifying adjectives happy and glorious which resulted from the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the subsequent triumphal representation of Britain as a champion of freedom and emancipation. By adopting principles of corpus-assisted discourse studies (Stubbs 2001; Partington 2004), I shall examine the collocational patterns of the two lexical items in the British periodical press, covering the period from 1620 to 1789. Before the Glorious Revolution the meaning of the two premodifiers appears consistent with the definitions provided in the OED but from 1688 onwards changes in the phraseology affect their semantics. In particular, after the Revolution, happy and glorious show a semantic preference for words referring to liberty and (universal) rights which enriches their meaning with a sense of freedom from oppression and corruption. Given that the two adjectives already had a positive meaning, the libertarian semantics acquired after 1688 can be interpreted as a further amelioration in the direction of liberalism and, at the end of the century, Enlightened universalism. In order to investigate the changing semantics of the two adjectives throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, I shall make use of the Florence Early English Newspapers Corpus (1620-1649), the Lancaster Newsbooks Corpus (1653-1654), the Zurich English Newspaper Corpus (1671, 1681, 1691) and the British Newspaper Archive for the period from 1700 to 1789.

The fact that the digital platforms in Turkey are a decisive force in content production (film and TV series) has enabled the production of freer and more creative content in a number of creative fields such as screenplay, narrative language, cinematography, costume/set design and acting in the context of TV series. The rules and pressures of the Turkish state agency RTÜK (Radio and Television Supreme Council) and the executives of traditional television channels have caused a tendency toward digital platforms in the audience. This article focuses on the Netflix series Ethos (Turkish title: Bir Başkadır), which aired in 2020. Within the framework of the concepts of nostalgia and cinematic mapping, the article aims to analyze Ethos’ political plane, references, characters, and also the social class/identity and lifestyles that the series gives voice to. While analyzing the hybrid narrative of the series, this paper attempts to reveal the cinematic mapping along with the characters, spatial representations, and values ​​that express them and will discuss how the concept of nostalgia works and functions as a tool providing such mapping. In this context, we read Ethos as a call for confrontation for the new cognitive map, especially at a time when the desire of people to coexist has been seriously damaged due to polarization between them as a result of the government strategies and belligerent policies of the last two decades. The series employs a nostalgic gaze through a hybrid narrative to construct the vanishing present.

The Swedish public service television company, SVT (Sveriges Television), has been airing Turkish dramas regularly for the past decade. By examining the reception of Turkish TV series in Sweden, this ongoing research aims to shed light on the cultural exchange between the two countries and to contribute to ongoing debates surrounding the role of television series in facilitating transcultural encounters. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the audience’s reception of Turkish television series in Sweden, this study employs in-depth interviews with loyal viewers, bloggers who wrote about Turkish dramas and executives at SVT and the Eccho Rights distribution company, which played a role in bringing these series to Sweden. This approach allows for a nuanced examination of the motivations, perceptions, and experiences surrounding the broadcast and reception of Turkish TV series in Sweden. The paper concludes that Turkish TV series that appeal to Swedish audiences with a range of unique and compelling elements tend to create loyal audiences with strong ties to these shows.

The current migratory movement from Venezuela to Colombia is at the heart of a heated debate. This paper aims to focus the attention on the Colombian context, starting from the transition process generated after the internal armed conflict. After that, border dynamics and migration policies will be examined, highlighting how the centrality of the subject order / disorder, social harmony / disharmony has also oriented the construction of the figure of the Venezuelan migrant both politically and in the media, with consequences on the reception and inclusion.

This article focuses on a translation proposal of the novel Tropique de la violence by Nathacha Appanah. An analysis of the source text and a stylistic comparison between the different narrative voices are carried out, as well as an overview of the use of the neo-standard in Italian literature and Italian translation. By means of specific examples, this paper proposes to argue that the use of a marked language and the inclusion of grammatical and structural “errors” constitute a valid translation strategy for the rendering of the marked language of one of the five narrators of this novel.

In this paper we deal with linguistic and cultural otherness, as shown in the Italian translation of the French graphic novel L’Arabe du futur, by Riad Sattouf, an autobiographical saga taking place between France, Libya and Syria. Differences between comics and graphic novel are not clear-cut, the latter being above all an editorial label. Orality, cultural references and variational aspects are more and more studied, within the translation of graphic novel. Our analysis tries to shed light on some phenomena related to linguistic and cultural contact, as well as on their translation: the orality of non-Francophone speakers, diatopic variaiton, realia, brand names, multilingualism and its representations, code-mixing.

A drug claimed to have health-improving qualities, a status symbol, social lubricant, tool for seduction, or complementary currency for paying high-end professionals, a issue disputed among rival schools of medicine and moral theology: in the early-modern lifestyle, all this and much more was associated with the habit of drinking chocolate. The entire process – from manufacturing the raw cocoa paste through quality and pricing to final manipulation and actual consumption – stirred up interest in public discourse during the 18th century, involving several major players on the cultural and artistic stage of Enlightenment Europe. Next to Padre Martini, some of them are addressed in this paper (including but not limited to: Goldoni, Metastasio, Farinelli, Jommelli, Gluck, the Mozart family, Joseph Haydn, Saint Alphonsus Liguori, and Jean-Étienne Liotard). Karl Ditters von Dittersdorf’s lengthy and brilliant report of his 1763 sojourn in Bologna – here translated in its entirety for the first time in Italian – serves as a specific case study.

The paper analyzes Francis of Assisi’s preaching in light of his writings and Medieval biographical sources, comparing it to the ars praedicandi of the time. Emphasis is placed on the evolution of both the content of his proclamation and the form through which the Christian message is transmitted, while also pinpointing some of the suggestions the Assisiate formulated for his friars in terms of preaching. One of the key moments of transformation in the kind of preaching Francis performed coincided with his taking on holy orders, that is, becoming a deacon, and the gradual acquisition of basic theological scholarship, an education obtained in part by listening to liturgical texts

This paper proposes a reading of a collection of articles by Lucio V. Mansilla in which the author describes Paraguay as a field of experiences and a scenario of observations, as well as a territory that is part of his own world, while at the same time expands this map. Without including articles related to the Paraguayan War, we present several texts published between 1878 and 1889 and organize them in two main series: on the one hand, those where we read the narrative forms and images that Mansilla essayed as an explorer in his expedition to the country of gold; on the other hand, we present the political and cultural representations about pre- and post-war Paraguay in which Mansilla intervened as a foreign traveler, also in the post-war years.

This paper dwells on the challenges of globalisation and the hegemonic power structures that govern the relationships between the north and the south, and how it is possible to stablish epistemological and practical alliances between decolonial feminism and queer theories. Furthermore, the plethora of views on the topic allows us to construct connected theoretical frames, that gives us the ability to create non hegemonical and emancipated politics. This research analyses the main theses of decolonial feminism to establish a connection with other theories and to provide answers to the current global needs.