10,752 results on '"intradermal test"'
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2. Effect of a recent intradermal test on the specificity of P22 ELISA for the diagnosis of caprine tuberculosis
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Romero Martínez, Beatriz, Juan Ferré, Lucía De, Domínguez Rodríguez, Lucas José, Álvarez Sánchez, Julio, Bezos Garrido, Javier, Velasco, Carlos, Ortega, Javier, Domínguez, Mercedes, Ricón, Jaime, Moreno, Inmaculada, Romero Martínez, Beatriz, Juan Ferré, Lucía De, Domínguez Rodríguez, Lucas José, Álvarez Sánchez, Julio, Bezos Garrido, Javier, Velasco, Carlos, Ortega, Javier, Domínguez, Mercedes, Ricón, Jaime, and Moreno, Inmaculada
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Author contributions CV: Writing – review & editing, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft. JO: Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. JR: Data curation, Writing – review & editing. BR: Writing – review & editing, Resources, Data curation. LJ: Writing – review & editing, Investigation, Supervision. LD: Writing – review & editing, Conceptualization, Resources. MD: Writing – review & editing. JÁ: Writing – review & editing. JB: Writing – review & editing, Formal analysis, Data curation., Caprine tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. TB eradication programs in goats are based on the single and comparative intradermal tuberculin tests (SITT and CITT, respectively). Antibody-based diagnostic techniques have emerged as potential diagnostic tools for TB. P22 ELISA has been previously evaluated using samples collected after the intradermal tuberculin tests to maximize the sensitivity, a phenomenon known as booster effect. However, there is no information available on whether the use of this diagnostic strategy could lead to a decrease of its specificity (Sp). The aim of the present study was to elucidate the interference effect of a recent CITT on the Sp of the P22 ELISA in serum and milk samples collected at different times after the CITT from a TB-free herd (n = 113). The number of reactors to P22 ELISA was significantly higher (p < 0.01) on serum samples collected 15 days post-CITT compared to day 0, showing a decrease in Sp from 99.1% (95% CI; 95.2–99.8%) to 88.5% (95% CI; 81.3–93.2%). The number of reactors and the quantitative values of P22 ELISA were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in serum samples compared to milk. No significant (p > 0.05) changes in the Sp of the P22 ELISA were observed throughout the different time samplings using milk No significant (p > 0.05) changes were observed on days 30 and 60 post-CITT. In conclusion, the booster effect strategy may significantly decrease the Sp of P22 ELISA in TB-free herds when serum samples are used but not when milk is tested., European Union, ICRAD, Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación (ref. 21.06.412D.640.08), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (PCI2023-143368; FPU18/05197), Depto. de Sanidad Animal, Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
3. Effect of a recent intradermal test on the specificity of P22 ELISA for the diagnosis of caprine tuberculosis
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Carlos Velasco, Javier Ortega, Jaime Ricón, Beatriz Romero, Lucía de Juan, Lucas Domínguez, Mercedes Domínguez, Inmaculada Moreno, Julio Álvarez, and Javier Bezos
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caprine tuberculosis ,intradermal tuberculin test ,P22 ELISA ,booster effect ,specificity ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Caprine tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. TB eradication programs in goats are based on the single and comparative intradermal tuberculin tests (SITT and CITT, respectively). Antibody-based diagnostic techniques have emerged as potential diagnostic tools for TB. P22 ELISA has been previously evaluated using samples collected after the intradermal tuberculin tests to maximize the sensitivity, a phenomenon known as booster effect. However, there is no information available on whether the use of this diagnostic strategy could lead to a decrease of its specificity (Sp). The aim of the present study was to elucidate the interference effect of a recent CITT on the Sp of the P22 ELISA in serum and milk samples collected at different times after the CITT from a TB-free herd (n = 113). The number of reactors to P22 ELISA was significantly higher (p 0.05) changes in the Sp of the P22 ELISA were observed throughout the different time samplings using milk No significant (p > 0.05) changes were observed on days 30 and 60 post-CITT. In conclusion, the booster effect strategy may significantly decrease the Sp of P22 ELISA in TB-free herds when serum samples are used but not when milk is tested.
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- 2024
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4. New Anaphylaxis Study Findings Has Been Reported by a Researcher at Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Severe Anaphylaxis Following Intradermal Test Dose of Ceftriaxone)
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Anaphylaxis -- Research ,Ceftriaxone -- Research ,Ceftriaxone sodium -- Research ,Health - Abstract
2025 JAN 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Investigators publish new report on anaphylaxis. According to news reporting from Puducherry, India, [...]
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- 2025
5. Pilot study to determine the concordance between skin prick and intradermal test (IDT) reactivity to environmental allergens in atopic dogs using IDT as the gold standard.
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Fleischman DA and Morris DO
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- Humans, Animals, Dogs, Pilot Projects, Intradermal Tests veterinary, Intradermal Tests methods, Skin Tests veterinary, Allergens, Dermatitis, Atopic diagnosis, Dermatitis, Atopic veterinary
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Background: Prick testing is widely used as the first-line in vivo test for environmental allergens in people owing to its noninvasive nature and speed of performance., Objectives: To determine concordance between skin prick testing (SPT) and intradermal testing (IDT) reactivity to environmental allergen mixes in dogs with atopic dermatitis (cAD)., Animals: Forty client-owned dogs with cAD., Materials and Methods: Skin prick testing (GREER Pick System; Stallergenes Greer) and IDT were performed on 40 dogs using seven glycerinated and aqueous environmental allergen mixes, respectively (tree, grass and weed pollens, house dust mites and three mould mixes). Reactions for IDT and SPT were evaluated both subjectively and objectively (mean wheal diameter; MWD) and compared to saline and histamine controls., Results: Using IDT as the gold standard, with subjective scoring, SPT was 47.0% sensitive [95% confidence interval (CI) 36.0%-58.7%], 92.1% specific (95% CI 87.6%-95.3%) and agreement was moderate (79%, Cohen's kappa = 0.424). The positive predictive value of SPT was 36% and negative predictive value was 95%. Objective and subjective scores had only fair agreement., Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Skin prick testing with allergen mixes was specific yet poorly sensitive as compared to IDT. For both IDT and SPT, 95% (38 of 40) dogs failed to react to an allergen mix, despite showing a positive reaction to at least one component. Future studies comparing SPT and IDT should test individual allergens rather than mixes to prevent the dilution of individual components, which may have resulted in false negatives., (© 2023 ESVD and ACVD.)
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- 2023
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6. Evaluation of the specificity of an intradermal test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen in Bacillus Calmette–Guérin-vaccinated healthy volunteers
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Irina A. Vasilyeva, Valentina A. Aksenova, Alexey V. Kazakov, Yulia Y. Kiseleva, Andrey O. Maryandyshev, Elena N. Dolzhenko, Anna V. Abramchenko, Nadejda I. Klevno, Konstantin A. Glebov, Anna E. Panova, Larisa Y. Petrova, Elena G. Sheikis, Inna V. Seregina, Elena I. Nikishova, Natalia P. Doktorova, and Anastasia G. Samoilova
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tuberculosis ,specificity ,Diaskintest® ,skin test ,recombinant tuberculosis allergen ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
IntroductionThe tuberculin skin test has significant limitations for use in individuals vaccinated with BCG. The presence in the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the RDI region, which is absent in the genome of Mycobacterium bovis BCG and most non-tuberculous mycobacteria, made it possible to develop new skin tests, which include a skin test with a recombinant tuberculosis allergen [RTA (Diaskintest®, JSC Generium, Russia)]. Diaskintest has shown high diagnostic performance in clinical trials and in conditions of high prevalence of tuberculosis infection. In 2021, the Russia was excluded from the WHO list of high TB burden countries, which makes relevant an assessment of the specificity of the RTA test under conditions of low epidemiologic risk for tuberculosis to confirm the high specificity of the test.Study objectiveTo assess the specificity of Diaskintest in the regions of the Russian Federation with low epidemiologic risk for tuberculosis.MethodsA multicenter, open-label, prospective study was conducted, which included 150 healthy volunteers aged 18–30 years old, vaccinated with BCG, who were not at risk of tuberculosis, from regions with low epidemiologic risk (Oryol region, Ryazan region, and Arkhangelsk region). During the study, 4 visits were scheduled for each participant: [Visit 0 (screening), Visit 1, Visit 2 (in 72 h) and Visit 3 (in 28 days)]. All participants, who excluded active and latent tuberculosis infection, underwent a test with RTA. To assess the safety of RTA tests, all systemic and local adverse events that occurred during 28 days were recorded. The trial was filed in the NIH clinical trials database ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05203068).ResultsIn individuals with a negative T-SPOT.TB test, the specificity of the RTA test was 97% (95% CI: 92–99%) with a cut-off of >0 mm. The study findings confirm data 2009: 100.00 (95% CI: 94–100). When evaluating the safety of the RTA test during 28 days of follow-up, the participants did not report local and systemic adverse reactions that had a causal relationship with the RTA test.ConclusionDiaskintest is highly specific and safe, therefore it is a valuable tool as a screening test for early detection of tuberculosis.
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- 2023
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7. Twenty years after index reaction: Recall phenomenon with anaphylactic reaction upon intradermal test with low molecular weight heparins
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Pickert, Julia, Mühlenbein, Stefan, and Pfützner, Wolfgang
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- 2021
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8. Effect of a recent intradermal test on the specificity of P22 ELISA for the diagnosis of caprine tuberculosis
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Velasco, Carlos, primary, Ortega, Javier, additional, Ricón, Jaime, additional, Romero, Beatriz, additional, de Juan, Lucía, additional, Domínguez, Lucas, additional, Domínguez, Mercedes, additional, Moreno, Inmaculada, additional, Álvarez, Julio, additional, and Bezos, Javier, additional
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- 2024
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9. Efficiency of screening for tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents in Moscow in 2019 based on the new procedure for using the intradermal test with tuberculosis recombinant allergen (ESAT-6/CFP-10)
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L. V. Slogotskaya, E. M. Bogorodskaya, L. F. Shamuratova, and T. A. Sevostyanova
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туберкулезная инфекция ,скрининг ,иммунодиагностика ,проба с аллергеном туберкулезным рекомбинантным ,диаскин-тест ,дети и подростки ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
The objective of the study: to compare two approaches to mass screening for tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents in Moscow.Subjects and methods. Two periods have been assessed. Period 1 (2014), when a pilot screening project was implemented in two stages: Stage 1 -all children and adolescents had Mantoux test with 2 TU PPD-L (1,429,395 people were tested), Stage 2 - a skin test with TRA (tuberculosis recombinant allergen - ESAT protein-6/CFP-10) was used in those with increasing induration as a response to Mantoux test (219,888 people were tested). Period 2 (2019): children from 0 to 7 years old (711,869 children were tested) were screened by the same two-stage scheme, and those 8-17 years old (904,757 people were tested) had the test with TRA only.Results. It has been demonstrated that the test with TRA can be used as a screening tool and effectively identify patients with a high risk of tuberculosis development. At the same time, the rate of detection of tuberculosis patients, persons with post-tuberculosis changes and latent infection is tens times higher among persons with positive reactions to TRA test versus Mantoux test. The preventive therapy received by those positively responding to TRA test resulted in almost no disease in them. Over the past 7 years, the number of people newly diagnosed with tuberculosis, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and post-tuberculosis changes has decreased. Preventive therapy in those with a positive result of TRA test helps to stop the progression of tuberculosis infection and reduce the pool of LTBI among children and adolescents.TRA test versus Mantoux test, allows more effective selection patients with a high risk of developing tuberculosis, thus it is possible to carry out additional examination only of this target group and save resources.
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- 2021
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10. Post-orgasmic illness syndrome with positive intradermal test for autologous semen.
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Kawamura H, Watanabe T, Yamamura H, Sano S, Kanaoka M, Watanabe Y, Ohta M, and Yamaguchi Y
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- Male, Humans, Adult, Quality of Life, Ejaculation, Intradermal Tests, Syndrome, Semen, Hypersensitivity
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Post-orgasmic illness syndrome (POIS) is a rare disease characterized by flu-like symptoms persisting for 2-7 days after ejaculation. POIS has been chiefly attributed to allergic reactions to autologous seminal plasma. However, the exact pathophysiology remains unclear, and there is no effective treatment. We present the case of a 38-year-old man with a 10-year history of recurrent episodes of flu-like symptoms of 1-week duration after ejaculation. The patient was diagnosed with irritating bowel syndrome because of fatigue, myalgia, and lateral abdominal pain. After starting infertility treatment and increasing the frequency of intercourse with his wife, the patient noticed these symptoms after ejaculation. Based on these episodes and symptoms, POIS was suspected. To diagnose POIS, a skin prick test and an intradermal test were performed using his seminal fluid, with the latter yielding a positive result. The patient was diagnosed with POIS, and treatment with antihistamines was continued. Due to its rarity, POIS is often underdiagnosed and underreported; however, the skin test can be a valid diagnostic tool. In this case, the intradermal test result was positive according to the broadly accepted criteria for POIS. Although quality of life is often severely affected in patients with POIS, a lack of a clear understanding of the pathogenesis of POIS prevents early diagnosis. To make diagnoses earlier, it is undoubtedly important to take a detailed medical history and perform skin allergy tests, although the latter requires further validation., (© 2023 Japanese Dermatological Association.)
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- 2023
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11. Repeatability and reproducibility of the interpretation of intradermal test results in dogs with atopic dermatitis.
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Aleksandrova S, Sofou EΙ, Badulescu E, Chatzis M, and Saridomichelakis MN
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- Dogs, Animals, Reproducibility of Results, Intradermal Tests veterinary, Intradermal Tests methods, Immunoglobulin E, Allergens, Dermatitis, Atopic diagnosis, Dermatitis, Atopic veterinary, Dog Diseases
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Background - There is lack of studies evaluating the repeatability and reproducibility of the interpretation of intradermal testing in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD). Objectives - To evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of the interpretation of intradermal test results in dogs with AD. For comparison, the repeatability of allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E serology also was examined. Materials and methods - Twenty dogs with AD were used. Intradermal test included injections of known negative and positive controls, and of 25 masked injections of 10 allergens/controls, that were selected randomly and injected at random positions. Reactions to the 25 masked allergens/controls were scored (positive/negative) subjectively by three independent examiners followed by an objective assessment. Allergen-specific IgE serology was performed in blinded duplicate samples collected from all dogs for nine of 10 of the same allergens. Results - Kappa values of intraobserver repeatability (≥2 injections of the same allergen to different positions of the same dog) varied between -0.53 and 0.8 (subjective evaluations), and between 0.03 and 1 (objective evaluation). When the repeatability of the serological test was examined k = 0.91. Kappa values for the interobserver reproducibility (objective and three subjective evaluations of the same allergen injected at the same position of the same dog) varied between 0.6 and 0.74 (overall 0.67). Conclusions and clinical relevance - Intraobserver repeatability of the subjective and objective evaluation of IDT results varied from good to poor and depended on the number of times the same allergen was injected, whereas interobserver reproducibility varied from substantial to moderate. Further studies are needed to optimise the repeatability and reproducibility of IDT in dogs., (© 2022 ESVD and ACVD.)
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- 2022
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12. REACTIVATION OF A PREVIOUSLY POSITIVE AMPICILLIN DELAYED INTRADERMAL TEST TRIGGERED BY AMOXICILLIN ORAL CHALLENGE
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Lee, E., primary, Campbell, J., additional, and Phillips, E., additional
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- 2023
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13. P9: NEEDLES CAUSING INTRADERMAL TEST FALSE POSITIVES?
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- 2023
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14. Investigation of the diagnostic performance of prick test with two environmental allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis: A study using intradermal test as the gold standard.
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Badulescu E, Sofou EΙ, Aleksandrova S, Chatzis M, and Saridomichelakis MN
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- Dogs, Animals, Allergens, Intradermal Tests veterinary, Intradermal Tests methods, Skin Tests veterinary, Dermatitis, Atopic diagnosis, Dermatitis, Atopic veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnosis
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Background: There are no studies investigating the correlation between prick test (PT) and intradermal test (IDT) with environmental allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD)., Objectives: To investigate the correlation between PT and IDT for two environmental allergens, and to calculate the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index of PT, using IDT as the gold standard., Materials and Methods: Twenty-two dogs with AD were selected. PT was performed with glycerinated allergen extracts, along with negative and positive controls, using the Greer Prick System. Reactions were interpreted (positive/negative) subjectively and by using seven objective criteria, by an examiner blinded to the IDT results. IDT reactions to the same allergens were interpreted, subjectively and objectively, by another masked investigator. The agreement between PT and IDT, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index of PT, using IDT as gold standard, were calculated., Results: On subjective evaluation, the correlation between PT and IDT was poor and sensitivity of PT was 0%. Of the seven criteria for the objective evaluation of PT, the best diagnostic performance was attained when allergen-induced wheals were considered positive if their longest diameter was ≥8.5 mm. However, even then, the correlation with IDT was moderate, and the sensitivity of PT, albeit based on few positive IDT reactions, was low., Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: At least as performed herein, PT has a poor-to-moderate correlation with IDT, mainly as a consequence of the lack of positive PT reactions. Further studies are needed to improve PT technique, yet, meanwhile, it cannot be recommended as a substitute for IDT., (© 2022 ESVD and ACVD.)
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- 2023
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15. Clinical case of diagnosis of generalized tuberculosis in a child with a positive result of an intradermal test
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Yarovaya, Ju. A., primary, Lozovskaya, M. E., additional, Mosina, A. V., additional, Vasilyeva, E. B., additional, Klochkova, L. V., additional, and Stepanov, G. A., additional
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- 2023
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16. A comparison of intradermal test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen (diaskintest) with other immunologic tests in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection
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Anna Starshinova, Viacheslav Zhuravlev, Irina Dovgaluk, Alexandr Panteleev, Vera Manina, Ulia Zinchenko, Evgenia Istomina, Maria Pavlova, and Piotr Yablonskiy
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Diagnosis of tuberculosis ,Diaskintest ,immunologic tests ,interferon-gamma release assay tests ,test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background: The WHO strategy for eradication of tuberculosis (TB) by 2035 (The End TB Strategy) is aimed at an early and precise diagnosis and subsequent effective treatment of TB patients. Currently, there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of latent TB infection. This study evaluated the diagnostic capabilities of a new intradermal test using recombinant TB allergen (Diaskintest) compared with tuberculin skin test (TST) and commercial TB interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs). Methods: A post-hoc data analysis that involved examining 860 HIV-negative, bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated persons aged 1–65 years who visited the TB health-care institutions of Saint Petersburg to rule out or confirm an active TB was conducted from 2011 to 2016. Results: A high degree of consistency of the Diaskintest results with the enzyme-linked immunospot and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test (ELISPOT and QFT) results was observed in the examined pediatric population (n = 696), with a Diaskintest cutoff ≥5 mm: the kappa consistency indices were 1.000 and 0.937, for ELISPOT and QFT, respectively. A high sensitivity of Diaskintest, comparable with the IGRA tests, was observed in patients with a confirmed TB diagnosis in all age groups. The sensitivity of Diaskintest in patients of the TB/MTB + group aged 18 years and older was 88.7%; of ELISPOT, 90.6%; of QFT, 87.0%. The conducted analysis has shown a high concordance of results of the commercial TB tests in adult HIV-negative patients (n = 164) with a Diaskintest cutoff ≥5 mm: the kappa indices were 0.805 and 0.636 (Diaskintest vs. ELISPOT and QFT, respectively) among BCG-vaccinated people. Conclusion: According to the WHO recommendations, replacing the TST by IGRAs is not recommended as a public health intervention in resource-constrained settings because the IGRA tests are more costly and technically complex to conduct than the TST. Diaskintest has comparable complexity to the TST and its performance is close to that of IGRA in a BCG-vaccinated population. Thus, our study demonstrates that replacing the TST by Diaskintest can be recommended as a public health intervention in resource-constrained and universal BCG vaccination settings.
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- 2018
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17. The Intradermal Test in the Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis mansoni. IX. Skin Response to a Purified Fraction Isolated from Cercarial Extracts
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Gazzinelli, G., Ramalho-Pinto, F. J., and Pellegrino, J.
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- 1965
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18. Quantitative Aspects of the Intradermal Test with Cercarial Antigen in Schistosomiasis
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Pellegrino, J. and Macedo, D. G.
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- 1957
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19. Testing Cattle with Johnin: Being a Report on the Value of the Intradermal Test on Cattle
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- 1941
20. The Intradermal Test in Whooping Cough. A Review, with a Study of 1300 Cases
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Thompson, A. R.
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- 1938
21. Evaluation of the specificity of an intradermal test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen in Bacillus Calmette–Guérin-vaccinated healthy volunteers
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Vasilyeva, Irina A., primary, Aksenova, Valentina A., additional, Kazakov, Alexey V., additional, Kiseleva, Yulia Y., additional, Maryandyshev, Andrey O., additional, Dolzhenko, Elena N., additional, Abramchenko, Anna V., additional, Klevno, Nadejda I., additional, Glebov, Konstantin A., additional, Panova, Anna E., additional, Petrova, Larisa Y., additional, Sheikis, Elena G., additional, Seregina, Inna V., additional, Nikishova, Elena I., additional, Doktorova, Natalia P., additional, and Samoilova, Anastasia G., additional
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- 2023
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22. Research from Complutense University of Madrid Reveals New Findings on Tuberculosis (Effect of a recent intradermal test on the specificity of P22 ELISA for the diagnosis of caprine tuberculosis)
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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- Research ,Tuberculosis -- Research ,Biological sciences ,Health - Abstract
2024 FEB 27 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Life Science Weekly -- New research on tuberculosis is the subject of a new report. According to news [...]
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- 2024
23. Clinical Relevance and Advantages of Intradermal Test Results in 371 Patients with Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma and/or Otitis Media with Effusion
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David S. Hurst and Alan B. McDaniel
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allergic rhinitis ,allergens ,allergy immunotherapy ,asthma ,otitis media ,sinusitis ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Background: We evaluated the value of positive intradermal dilution testing (IDT) after negative skin prick tests (SPT) by retrospectively determining allergy immunotherapy (AIT) outcomes. Methods: This private practice, cohort study compared the relative value of SPT vs. IDT in 371 adults and children with suspected manifestations of allergy: chronic allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma and/or chronic otitis media with effusion (OME). The primary outcome measure was symptom resolution following immunotherapy, as determined by symptom severity questionnaires completed by patients before and after AIT. Results: Positive IDT identified 193 (52%) patients who would not otherwise have been diagnosed. IDT detected 3.7-fold more allergens per patient than SPT (8.56 vs. 2.3; p < 0.01). Patients positive only on IDT responded to AIT equally well as those identifiable by SPT, independent of allergen sensitivity (67% by SPT vs. 62% by IDT; p = 0.69, not significantly different). Conclusion: Intradermal titration can identify patients who will benefit from allergy immunotherapy more accurately than SPT. Outcomes analysis in 371 patients shows that IDT doubled their chance of successful treatment with no greater risk of therapeutic failure. Positive IDT, following negative SPT, is clinically relevant and offers superior sensitivity over SPT for detecting allergens clinically relevant to diagnosis of AIT-responsive atopic disease.
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- 2021
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24. Discrepancies in the bilateral intradermal test and serum tests in atopic horses
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van Damme, Catharina M M, van den Broek, Jan, Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, Marianne M, van Damme, Catharina M M, van den Broek, Jan, and Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, Marianne M
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BACKGROUND: In equine atopic patients intradermal testing (IDT) and immunoglobulin (Ig)E serology are used frequently. There is little evidence regarding the reproducibility of the IDT and IgE serology in horses.OBJECTIVES: To compare the results of a simultaneously performed IDT on the left and right side of the neck in atopic horses, and to compare these results with allergen-specific IgE serology.ANIMALS: Ten equine patients from a university hospital population with chronic urticaria and/or pruritus.METHODS AND MATERIALS: The IDT was performed using 16 allergens and the results were evaluated after 30 min, 1, 4 and 24 h. Thirteen allergens also were analysed in duplicate with two monoclonal allergen-specific IgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).RESULTS: Good agreement (Kappa > 0.6) between left and right IDT was found only for Dermatophagoides farinae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, birch pollen mixture and perennial rye at 30 min, birch pollen mixture at 1 h, and Acarus siro and nettle and common mugwort mixture at 4 h. The bilateral comparison of the other allergens and even the same allergens at other time points showed little or no concordance between left and right IDT. The interlaboratory comparison between both ELISAs, and the comparison between the ELISAs and IDT, showed a good agreement for two of 13 allergens: D. farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Based on these preliminary data, IDT and IgE serological test results should be interpreted with great care and further studies are needed to indicate the clinical relevance of these findings.
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- 2020
25. Discrepancies in the bilateral intradermal test and serum tests in atopic horses
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Interne geneeskunde GD, dCSCA AVR, FAH theoretische epidemiologie, dFAH AVR, Equine Internal Medicine, dES AVR, CS_Welfare & emerging diseases, van Damme, Catharina M M, van den Broek, Jan, Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, Marianne M, Interne geneeskunde GD, dCSCA AVR, FAH theoretische epidemiologie, dFAH AVR, Equine Internal Medicine, dES AVR, CS_Welfare & emerging diseases, van Damme, Catharina M M, van den Broek, Jan, and Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, Marianne M
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- 2020
26. Flare-Up Phenomenon of Intradermal Test with Anaphylactic Reaction to Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)
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Marcos Sánchez-Domínguez, Ana Rodriguez-Fernandez, Blanca Noguerado-Mellado, and Patricia Rojas-Pérez-Ezquerra
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Hypersensitivity, Immediate ,Male ,intradermal test (IDT) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) ,Urticaria ,Nausea ,Administration, Oral ,Tryptase ,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ,Immunoglobulin E ,Gastroenterology ,Article ,Drug Hypersensitivity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Anaphylaxis ,Sensitization ,Acetaminophen ,Aged, 80 and over ,subcutaneous (SC) ,biology ,business.industry ,intravenous (IV) ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ,single-blind oral challenge test (SBOCT) ,General Medicine ,Allergens ,Intradermal Tests ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030228 respiratory system ,biology.protein ,Pyrazolones ,Urticaria pigmentosa ,Administration, Intravenous ,Immunization ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Paracetamol is a Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) that can produce hypersensitive reactions mediated by specific immunological mechanisms (IgE or T celldependent) or by a non-immunological mechanism (inhibition of cyclooxygenase COX-1). Objective: An 80-year-old man with a history of allergy to pyrazolones, with good tolerance to other NSAIDs was referred to our allergy department because he presented a generalized urticaria after the administration of Intravenous (IV) paracetamol. Methods: We performed an Intradermal Test (IDT) with paracetamol (0.02mg/ml) and later a Single Blind Oral Challenge Test (SBOCT) with oral paracetamol. Results: IDT reading at 15min showed negative result so an SBOCT was performed with oral paracetamol. With an accumulative dose of 250mg, after 20min, he developed discomfort, nausea and dizziness, urticarial, hypotension (BP 80/40) as well as flare-up phenomenon was observed in the site of the IDT with paracetamol. Tryptase levels during the reaction and 2hrs later were increased. Conclusions: We present an anaphylactic shock due to sensitization to paracetamol because of a type I hypersensitivity mechanism, diagnosed by SBOCT and a positive IDT because of flare-up phenomenon, in a patient with previous pyrazolones allergy and with tolerance to other NSAIDs. Some relevant patents are also summarized in this paper.
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- 2019
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27. COVID-19 vaccines: anaphylaxis and anxiety: A case study from an allergy unit
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Teufelberger, Andrea R., Dan, Andrada-Renata, Irmler, Linda, Wolf, Peter, and Kränke, Birger
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- 2024
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28. New Anaphylaxis Study Findings Has Been Reported by a Researcher at Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Severe Anaphylaxis Following Intradermal Test Dose of Ceftriaxone).
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A recent study conducted at Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth in Puducherry, India, reported on severe anaphylaxis following an intradermal test dose of ceftriaxone in a 55-year-old female patient undergoing surgery. The patient experienced anaphylactic shock, requiring immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation and adrenaline administration. Despite a negative history of allergy testing, the patient's condition improved after 6 days in critical care. The researchers emphasized the importance of vigilance and monitoring for drug hypersensitivity reactions in the perioperative period to prevent life-threatening events. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2025
29. The comparative performance of the single intradermal test and the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test in Irish cattle, using tuberculin PPD combinations of differing potencies
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Good, M., Clegg, T.A., Costello, E., and More, S.J.
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- 2011
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30. Delayed urticaria after BNT162b2 booster vaccination at previous intradermal test site with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 spike protein.
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Triwatcharikorn J, Klaewsongkram J, and Rerknimitr P
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Urticaria is a common cutaneous adverse event from coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination. Previous studies hypothesized that excipients as polyethylene glycol in BNT162b2 vaccine and polysorbate in ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine are allergens. A 28-year-old woman had urticaria after a booster vaccination with BNT162b2 at the site of previous intradermal injection with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. This reaction emphasized that delayed urticaria may not be an allergic reaction to excipient but rather to the immunogen as such as SARS-CoV-2 spike protein., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors have no financial conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022. Asia Pacific Association of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology.)
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- 2022
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31. High volume of polysorbate‐containing (Tween ® 80) solutions induces false‐positive results in intradermal test
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M. Podda and Nicola Wagner
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0301 basic medicine ,Polysorbate ,Chromatography ,Erythema ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Bioavailability ,Solvent ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Infectious Diseases ,Allergen ,Pulmonary surfactant ,Volume (thermodynamics) ,chemistry ,medicine ,Intradermal test ,medicine.symptom ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,business - Abstract
Background Intradermal test is used to detect causative allergens in IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. The surfactant polysorbate 80 can be added to intradermal test solutions to more reliably dissolve the allergen and ensure a constant bioavailability of the injected allergen. Polysorbate 80 has, however, some histamine-releasing properties which could blur the difference to the histamine-induced wheal. Routinely serving as a control. Objective Allergen-free polysorbate 80 containing (0.005%) test solutions were therefore systematically tested at different injection volumes to see whether polysorbate can falsify skin reactions and if yes whether conditions can be identified to avoid this. Methods In a partly blinded study, 30 patients were tested intracutaneously at the back: each received at three separate sites 0.05 mL of polysorbate-containing solvent, 0.02 mL polysorbate-containing solvent as well as 0.02 mL polysorbate-free solvent. After 15 min, wheal and erythema were documented and planimetrically quantified. Results Unexpectedly 23 of 30 (77%) patients showed false-positive test reactions to the volume of 0.05 mL of the polysorbate-containing solvent whereas the polysorbate-containing solvent with 0.02 mL and the polysorbate-free solvent with 0.02 mL injection volume had no reinforcing effect on skin test reaction. Conclusions Different volumes of polysorbate-containing solutions, all recommended by manufacturers for intradermal tests, may significantly influence test results. The study shows that a polysorbate 80 used at 0.005% in solvents for intradermal test to provide a better bioavailability of allergens produces false-positive reactivity in a surprising and a hitherto unknown 77% if the 0.05 mL volume is injected. It is, therefore, mandatory to strictly adhere to an intradermal test volume of 0.02 mL as only then falsifying effects of the polysorbate additive are avoided, and comparable test results are ensured.
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- 2018
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32. Single-dose yellow fever vaccination is well tolerated in egg-allergic children despite positive intradermal test to the vaccine
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Bédard, Marc-Antoine, Graham, François, Paradis, Louis, Samaan, Kathryn, Bégin, Philippe, and Des Roches, Anne
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- 2021
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33. Single-dose yellow fever vaccination is well tolerated in egg-allergic children despite positive intradermal test to the vaccine
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Marc-Antoine Bédard, Kathryn Samaan, Anne Des Roches, François Graham, Louis Paradis, and Philippe Bégin
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Vaccines ,business.industry ,Vaccination ,Yellow Fever Vaccine ,Intradermal Tests ,Dermatology ,Yellow fever vaccination ,Yellow Fever ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Intradermal test ,Humans ,business ,Child - Published
- 2021
34. Twenty years after index reaction: Recall phenomenon with anaphylactic reaction upon intradermal test with low molecular weight heparins
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Julia Pickert, Stefan Mühlenbein, and Wolfgang Pfützner
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Index (economics) ,Recall ,business.industry ,Anaphylactic reaction ,Immunology and Allergy ,Intradermal test ,Medicine ,Anaphylaxis ,Skin test ,Recall urticaria ,Immediate-type hypersensitivity ,business ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology - Published
- 2021
35. 122 Evaluation of the relevance of skin prick test, intradermal test, specific IgE and total IgE levels considering hymenoptera allergy using an own clinical classification
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Hebst, M., Emmert, S., and Panzer, R.
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- 2024
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36. Repeatability and reproducibility of the interpretation of intradermal test results in dogs with atopic dermatitis
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Svetlina Aleksandrova, Manolis Saridomichelakis, Evi Sofou, Elisabeta Badulescu, and Manolis Chatzis
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Dogs ,General Veterinary ,Animals ,Reproducibility of Results ,Dog Diseases ,Intradermal Tests ,Immunoglobulin E ,Allergens ,Dermatitis, Atopic - Abstract
Background - There is lack of studies evaluating the repeatability and reproducibility of the interpretation of intradermal testing in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD). Objectives - To evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of the interpretation of intradermal test results in dogs with AD. For comparison, the repeatability of allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E serology also was examined. Materials and methods - Twenty dogs with AD were used. Intradermal test included injections of known negative and positive controls, and of 25 masked injections of 10 allergens/controls, that were selected randomly and injected at random positions. Reactions to the 25 masked allergens/controls were scored (positive/negative) subjectively by three independent examiners followed by an objective assessment. Allergen-specific IgE serology was performed in blinded duplicate samples collected from all dogs for nine of 10 of the same allergens. Results - Kappa values of intraobserver repeatability (≥2 injections of the same allergen to different positions of the same dog) varied between -0.53 and 0.8 (subjective evaluations), and between 0.03 and 1 (objective evaluation). When the repeatability of the serological test was examined k = 0.91. Kappa values for the interobserver reproducibility (objective and three subjective evaluations of the same allergen injected at the same position of the same dog) varied between 0.6 and 0.74 (overall 0.67). Conclusions and clinical relevance - Intraobserver repeatability of the subjective and objective evaluation of IDT results varied from good to poor and depended on the number of times the same allergen was injected, whereas interobserver reproducibility varied from substantial to moderate. Further studies are needed to optimise the repeatability and reproducibility of IDT in dogs.Contexte - Il existe un manque d'études évaluant la répétabilité et la reproductibilité de l'interprétation des tests intradermiques chez les chiens atteints de dermatite atopique (DA). Objectifs - Évaluer la répétabilité et la reproductibilité de l'interprétation des résultats des tests intradermiques chez les chiens atteints de MA. À des fins de comparaison, la répétabilité de la sérologie de l'immunoglobuline (Ig)E spécifique de l'allergène a également été examinée. Matériels et méthodes - Vingt chiens atteints de MA ont été utilisés. Le test intradermique comprenait des injections de contrôles négatifs et positifs connus, et de 25 injections masquées de 10 allergènes/contrôles, qui ont été sélectionnés au hasard et injectés à des positions aléatoires. Les réactions aux 25 allergènes/contrôles masqués ont été notées (positives/négatives) subjectivement par trois examinateurs indépendants, suivies d'une évaluation objective. La sérologie IgE spécifique de l'allergène a été réalisée dans des échantillons en double en aveugle prélevés sur tous les chiens pour neuf des 10 allergènes identiques. Résultats - Les valeurs kappa de répétabilité intra-observateur (≥2 injections du même allergène à différentes positions du même chien) variaient entre -0,53 et 0,8 (évaluations subjectives), et entre 0,03 et 1 (évaluation objective). Lorsque la répétabilité du test sérologique a été examinée, k = 0,91. Les valeurs de Kappa pour la reproductibilité interobservateur (évaluations objective et trois évaluations subjectives du même allergène injecté au même endroit du même chien) variaient entre 0,6 et 0,74 (globalement 0,67). Conclusions et pertinence clinique - La répétabilité intra-observateur de l'évaluation subjective et objective des résultats IDT variait de bonne à mauvaise et dépendait du nombre d'injections d'un même allergène, alors que la reproductibilité inter-observateur variait de substantielle à modérée. D'autres études sont nécessaires pour optimiser la répétabilité et la reproductibilité de l'IDT chez le chien.Introducción- faltan estudios que evalúen la repetibilidad y la reproducibilidad de la interpretación de las pruebas intradérmicas en perros con dermatitis atópica (AD). Objetivos- evaluar la repetibilidad y reproducibilidad de la interpretación de los resultados de las pruebas intradérmicas en perros con AD. A modo de comparación, también se examinó la repetibilidad de la serología de inmunoglobulina (Ig)E específica de alérgeno. Materiales y métodos - Se utilizaron 20 perros con AD. La prueba intradérmica incluyó inyecciones de controles positivos y negativos conocidos, y de 25 inyecciones enmascaradas de 10 alérgenos/controles, que se seleccionaron al azar y se inyectaron en posiciones aleatorias. Las reacciones a los 25 alérgenos/controles enmascarados fueron calificadas (positivas/negativas) subjetivamente por tres examinadores independientes seguido de una evaluación objetiva. La serología de IgE específica para alérgenos se realizó en muestras duplicadas ciegas recolectadas de todos los perros para nueve de 10 de los mismos alérgenos. Resultados - Los valores Kappa de repetibilidad intraobservador (≥2 inyecciones del mismo alérgeno en diferentes posiciones del mismo perro) variaron entre -0,53 y 0,8 (evaluaciones subjetivas) y entre 0,03 y 1 (evaluación objetiva). Cuando se examinó la repetibilidad de la prueba serológica k = 0,91. Los valores de Kappa para la reproducibilidad interobservador (objetivo y tres evaluaciones subjetivas del mismo alérgeno inyectado en la misma posición del mismo perro) variaron entre 0,6 y 0,74 (en general, 0,67). Conclusiones y relevancia clínica- la repetibilidad intraobservador de la evaluación subjetiva y objetiva de los resultados de la IDT varió de buena a mala y dependió del número de veces que se inyectó el mismo alérgeno, mientras que la reproducibilidad interobservador varió de sustancial a moderada. Se necesitan más estudios para optimizar la repetibilidad y reproducibilidad de IDT en perros.Hintergrund - Es gibt nur wenige Studien, die die Wiederholbarkeit und die Reproduzierbarkeit der Interpretation des Intradermaltests bei Hunden mit atopischer Dermatitis (AD) evaluieren. Ziele - Eine Evaluierung der Wiederholbarkeit und der Reproduzierbarkeit der Interpretation des Intradermaltests bei Hunden mit atopischer Dermatitis. Im Vergleich dazu wurde auch die Allergen-spezifische Immunglobulin (Ig) E Serologie untersucht. Materialien und Methoden - Zwanzig Hunde mit AD wurden untersucht. Beim Intradermaltest waren auch bekannte negative und positive Kontrollen inkludiert, sowie 25 geblindete Injektionen von 10 Allergenen/Kontrollen, die zufällig ausgewählt und an zufälligen Stellen injiziert wurden. Die Reaktionen auf die 25 geblindeten Allergene/Kontrollen wurden durch drei unabhängige UntersucherInnen subjektiv bewertet (positiv/negativ), woraufhin eine objektive Beurteilung folgte. Eine Allergen-spezifische IgE Serologie wurde in geblindeten Duplikatproben, die von allen Hunden genommen wurden, bei neun derselben 10 Allergene durchgeführt. Ergebnisse - Kappa Werte der Intrabeobachter Wiederholbarkeit ( ≥ Injektionen desselben Allergens an unterschiedlichen Körperstellen desselben Hundes) variierte zwischen -0,53 und 0,8 (subjektive Evaluierungen) und zwischen 0,03 und 1 (objektive Evaluierung). Bei der Untersuchung der Wiederholbarkeit des serologischen Tests ergab ƙ =0,91. Die Kappa Werte für die Interbeobachter Reproduzierbarkeit (eine objektive und drei subjektive Evaluierungen desselben injizierten Allergens an derselben Körperstelle desselben Hundes) variierte zwischen 0,6 und 0,74 (durchschnittlich 0,67). Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Bedeutung - Die Intrabeobachter Wiederholbarkeit der subjektiven und objektiven Evaluierung der IDT Ergebnisse variierte von gut bis schlecht und war abhängig von der Anzahl der wiederholten Injektionen desselben Allergens, während die Interbeobachter Reproduzierbarkeit sich von deutlich bis moderat unterschied. Es sind weitere Studien nötig, um die Wiederholbarkeit und die Reproduzierbarkeit des IDT bei Hunden zu optimieren.背景 - 犬アトピー性皮膚炎(AD)の皮内反応の解釈の再現性を評価した研究はない。 目的 - 本研究の目的は、犬アトピー性皮膚炎における皮内反応の解釈の反復性および再現性を評価することであった。比較のため、アレルゲン特異的免疫グロブリン(Ig)E血清検査の再現性も検討した。 材料と方法 - 20頭のAD犬を包含した。皮内反応には、既知の陰性および陽性対照、無作為に選択され無作為の位置に注射された10種のアレルゲン/対照の25種のマスク注射を含んだ。25個のマスクされたアレルゲン/コントロールに対する反応は、3人の独立した検査官によって主観的に(陽性/陰性)採点され、その後客観的評価が行われた。アレルゲン特異的IgE 血清検査は、全犬種から採取した盲検二重標本で、同じアレルゲン10種のうち9種について実施された。 結果 - 観察者内再現性のカッパ値(同一犬の異なる位置に同一アレルゲンを2回以上注射)は、-0.53 から 0.8 (主観的評価)と 0.03 から 1(客観的評価)の間で変動した。血清学的検査の再現性が検討されたとき、k = 0.91であった。観察者間再現性のカッパ値(同一犬の同一位置に注射された同一アレルゲンの客観的評価および3つの主観的評価)は、0.6 から 0.74 (全体では0.67)の間で変動している。 結論と臨床的意義 - IDT結果の主観的・客観的評価の観察者内再現性は良好から不良の間で変化し、同じアレルゲンを注射した回数に依存し、一方観察者間再現性は相当から中程度の間で変化した。犬におけるIDTの反復性と再現性を最適化するために、さらなる研究が必要である。.背景-缺乏评价特应性皮炎(AD)犬中皮内试验解读的重复性和重现性的研究。 目的-评价AD犬中皮内试验结果判读的重复性和重现性。为进行比较,同时检测过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白(Ig)E血清学的重复性。 材料和方法-使用了20只AD犬。皮内试验包括注射已知的阴性和阳性对照,以及随机选择并在随机位置注射的10种过敏原/对照的25次设盲注射。由三名独立的检查者对25种设盲过敏原/对照的反应进行主观评分(阳性/阴性),然后进行客观评估。对从所有犬中采集的10种相同过敏原中的9种的设盲重复样本进行过敏原特异性IgE血清学检测。 结果-观察者内重复性(同一只犬不同位置注射相同变应原≥2次)的Kappa值在-0.53至0.8(主观评价)和0.03至1(客观评价)之间变化。当检查血清学试验的重复性时,k=0.91。观察者间重现性(在同一只犬的相同位置注射相同过敏原的客观和三次主观评价)的Kappa值在0.6-0.74之间变化(总体0.67)。 结论和临床相关性-IDT结果主观和客观评价的观察者内重复性从好到差不等,取决于注射相同变应原的次数,而观察者间重现性从显著到中等不等。需要进一步的研究来优化犬 IDT 的重复性和重现性。.Contexto - Há poucos estudos avaliando a repetibilidade e reprodutibilidade da interpretação do teste intradérmico em cães com dermatite atópica (DA). Objetivos - Avaliar a repetibilidade e reprodutibilidade da interpretação dos resultados de testes intradérmicos em cães com DA. Para comparação, a repetibilidade da sorologia com imunoglobulinas (Ig)E alérgeno-específicas foi também avaliada. Materiais e métodos - Foram utilizados 20 cães com DA. O teste intradérmico incluiu injeções de controles negativos e positivos conhecidos e de 25 injeções mascaradas de 10 alérgenos/controles, que foram selecionados aleatoriamente e injetadas em posições aleatórias. As reações aos 25 alérgenos/controles mascarados foram pontuadas (positiva/negativa) subjetivamente por três examinadores independentes, seguidas de uma avaliação objetiva. A sorologia de IgE específica para alérgenos foi realizada em amostras duplicadas cegas coletadas de todos os cães para nove de 10 dos mesmos alérgenos. Resultados - Os valores Kappa de repetibilidade intraobservador (≥2 injeções do mesmo alérgeno em diferentes posições do mesmo cão) variaram entre -0,53 e 0,8 (avaliação subjetiva) e entre 0,03 e 1 (avaliação objetiva). Quando examinada a repetibilidade do teste sorológico k=0,91. Os valores de Kappa para a reprodutibilidade interobservador (objetiva e três avaliações subjetivas do mesmo alérgeno injetado na mesma posição do mesmo cão) variaram entre 0,6 e 0,74 (total 0,67). Conclusões e relevância clínica - A repetibilidade intraobservador da avaliação subjetiva e objetiva dos resultados do IDT variou de boa a ruim e dependeu do número de vezes que o mesmo alérgeno foi injetado, enquanto a reprodutibilidade interobservador variou de substancial a moderada. Mais estudos são necessários para otimizar a repetibilidade e reprodutibilidade do IDT em cães.
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- 2022
37. Investigation of the diagnostic performance of prick test with two environmental allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis: A study using intradermal test as the gold standard
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Svetlina Aleksandrova, Manolis Saridomichelakis, Evi Sofou, Elisabeta Badulescu, and Manolis Chatzis
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Dogs ,General Veterinary ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Allergens ,Intradermal Tests ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Skin Tests - Abstract
There are no studies investigating the correlation between prick test (PT) and intradermal test (IDT) with environmental allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD).To investigate the correlation between PT and IDT for two environmental allergens, and to calculate the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index of PT, using IDT as the gold standard.Twenty-two dogs with AD were selected. PT was performed with glycerinated allergen extracts, along with negative and positive controls, using the Greer Prick System. Reactions were interpreted (positive/negative) subjectively and by using seven objective criteria, by an examiner blinded to the IDT results. IDT reactions to the same allergens were interpreted, subjectively and objectively, by another masked investigator. The agreement between PT and IDT, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index of PT, using IDT as gold standard, were calculated.On subjective evaluation, the correlation between PT and IDT was poor and sensitivity of PT was 0%. Of the seven criteria for the objective evaluation of PT, the best diagnostic performance was attained when allergen-induced wheals were considered positive if their longest diameter was ≥8.5 mm. However, even then, the correlation with IDT was moderate, and the sensitivity of PT, albeit based on few positive IDT reactions, was low.At least as performed herein, PT has a poor-to-moderate correlation with IDT, mainly as a consequence of the lack of positive PT reactions. Further studies are needed to improve PT technique, yet, meanwhile, it cannot be recommended as a substitute for IDT.Il n'existe aucune étude portant sur la corrélation entre le prick test (PT) et le test intradermique (IDT) avec les allergènes environnementaux chez les chiens atteints de dermatite atopique (DA).Étudier la corrélation entre PT et IDT pour deux allergènes environnementaux et calculer la sensibilité, la spécificité et l'indice de Youden du PT, en utilisant l'IDT comme étalon. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES: Vingt-deux chiens atteints de DA ont été sélectionnés. Le PT a été réalisé avec des extraits d'allergènes glycérinés, ainsi que des contrôles négatifs et positifs, en utilisant le Greer Prick System. Les réactions ont été interprétées (positives/négatives) subjectivement et en utilisant sept critères objectifs, par un examinateur ignorant les résultats de l'IDT. Les réactions IDT aux mêmes allergènes ont été interprétées, subjectivement et objectivement, par un autre enquêteur masqué. L'accord entre le PT et l'IDT, la sensibilité, la spécificité et l'indice de Youden du PT, en utilisant l'IDT comme étalon-or, ont été calculés. RÉSULTATS: Lors d'une évaluation subjective, la corrélation entre le PT et l'IDT était faible et la sensibilité du PT était de 0 %. Parmi les sept critères d'évaluation objective de la PT, la meilleure performance diagnostique a été atteinte lorsque les papules induites par les allergènes étaient considérées comme positives si leur diamètre le plus long était ≥ 8,5 mm. Cependant, même dans ce cas, la corrélation avec l'IDT était modérée et la sensibilité de la PT, bien que basée sur quelques réactions positives à l'IDT, était faible.Au moins tel qu'il est réalisé ici, le PT a une corrélation faible à modérée avec l'IDT, principalement en raison de l'absence de réactions PT positives. D'autres études sont nécessaires pour améliorer la technique PT, mais, en attendant, elle ne peut pas être recommandée comme substitut à l'IDT.INTRODUCCIÓN: no hay estudios que investiguen la correlación entre la prueba de punción (PT) y la prueba intradérmica (IDT) con alérgenos ambientales en perros con dermatitis atópica (AD). OBJETIVOS: investigar la correlación entre PT e IDT para dos alérgenos ambientales y calcular la sensibilidad, la especificidad y el índice de Youden de PT, utilizando IDT como patrón estándar. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se seleccionaron veintidós perros con AD. El PT se realizó con extractos de alérgenos glicerinados, junto con controles negativos y positivos, utilizando el sistema Greer Prick. Las reacciones fueron interpretadas (positivas/negativas) subjetivamente y utilizando siete criterios objetivos, por un examinador que desconocía los resultados de IDT. Las reacciones del IDT a los mismos alérgenos fueron interpretadas, subjetiva y objetivamente, por otro investigador que igualmente desconocía los otros resultados. Se calculó la concordancia entre el PT y el IDT, la sensibilidad, la especificidad y el índice de Youden del PT, utilizando el IDT como patrón dstándar. RESULTADOS: en la evaluación subjetiva, la correlación entre PT e IDT fue deficiente y la sensibilidad de PT fue del 0%. De los siete criterios para la evaluación objetiva del PT, el mejor rendimiento diagnóstico se obtuvo cuando las pápulas inducidas por alérgenos se consideraron positivas si su diámetro mayor era ≥ 8,5 mm. Sin embargo, incluso entonces, la correlación con IDT fue moderada y la sensibilidad de PT, aunque se basó en pocas reacciones IDT positivas, fue baja. CONCLUSIÓN Y RELEVANCIA CLÍNICA: al menos de la forma en que se realiza en este artículo, el PT tiene una correlación de pobre a moderada con el IDT, principalmente como consecuencia de la falta de reacciones positivas al PT. Se necesitan más estudios para mejorar la técnica de PT, pero, mientras tanto, no se puede recomendar como sustituto de la IDT.Es gibt keine Studien, die die Korrelation zwischen dem Prick Test (PT) und dem Intradermaltest (IDT) mit Umweltallergenen bei Hunden mit atopischer Dermatitis (AD) untersuchten.Eine Untersuchung der Korrelation zwischen PT und IDT für zwei Umweltallergene, und eine Kalkulierung der Sensibilität, Spezifität und des Youden Index von PT, wobei der IDT als der Goldstandard verwendet wurde.Zweiundzwanzig Hunde mit AD wurden ausgesucht. Ein PT wurde mit glyzerinierten Allergenextrakten durchgeführt, mit negativen und positiven Kontrollen, wobei das Greer Prick System verwendet wurde. Die Reaktionen wurden subjektiv (positiv/negativ) und unter Verwendung von sieben Kriterien durch einen Untersucher, der bezüglich der IDT-Ergebnisse blind war, interpretiert. Die IDT-Reaktionen auf dieselben Allergene wurden subjektiv und objektiv von einem anderen geblindeten Untersucher beurteilt. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen PT und IDT, die Sensibilität, Spezifität und der Youden Index für PT, unter Verwendung des IDT als Goldstandard, wurden kalkuliert.Bei objektiver Evaluierung war die Korrelation zwischen PT und IDT schlecht und die Sensibilität für PT betrug 0%. Von den sieben Kriterien für eine objektive Evaluierung des PT, wurde die beste diagnostische Leistung erbracht, wenn Allergen-induzierte Quaddeln als positiv betrachtet wurden, wenn ihr größter Durchschnitt bei ≥8,5 mm lag. Nichtsdestotrotz war selbst dann die Korrelation mit dem IDT moderat und die Sensibilität des PT, auch wenn sie auf wenigen positiven IDT-Reaktionen beruhte, niedrig.Zumindest anhand dieser Studie zeigte sich, dass PT eine schlecht-bis-moderate Korrelation mit dem IDT hat, vor allem als Konsequenz der fehlenden positiven PT-Reaktionen. Weitere Studien sind nötig, um die Technik des PT zu verbessern, während er in der Zwischenzeit nicht als Ersatz für den IDT empfohlen werden kann.背景: 犬アトピー性皮膚炎(AD)において、環境アレルゲンに対するプリックテスト(PT)および皮内反応(IDT)の相関を検討した研究は存在しない。 目的: 本研究の目的は、2種類の環境アレルゲンに対するPTとIDTの相関を調べ、IDTをゴールドスタンダードとしてPTの感度、特異度、Youden indexを算出することであった。 材料と方法: AD 犬 22 頭を選択した。Greer Prick System を用いて、グリセリンアレルゲン抽出物、陰性および陽性コントロールでPTを実施した。IDT結果を盲検化した検査者により、反応を主観的および7つの客観的基準で解釈した(陽性/陰性)盲目化した別の治験責任医師によって同じアレルゲンに対するIDT反応を主観的かつ客観的に解釈した。PT および IDT の一致度、IDT をゴールドスタンダードとした PT の感度、特異度、Youden indexを算出した。 結果: 主観的評価では、PTおよびIDTの相関は悪く、PTの感度は0%であった。PT の客観的評価基準 7 項目のうち、アレルゲン誘発性膨疹の最長径が 8.5 mm 以上を陽性とした場合に最も診断能が優れていた。しかし、それでも IDT との相関は中程度であり、IDT の陽性反応が少ないとはいえ PT の感度は低いものであった。 結論と臨床的意義: 本研究で行ったように、少なくともPTはIDTとの相関は低いか中程度であり、これは主にPT陽性反応の欠如の結果である。PTの技術を向上させるためにさらなる研究が必要であるが、一方で、IDTの代用として推奨することはできない。.背景: 没有研究调查特应性皮炎 (AD) 犬的点刺试验 (PT) 和皮内试验 (IDT) 与环境过敏原之间的相关性。 目的: 以 IDT 为金标准,探讨 PT 与 IDT 对两种环境过敏原的相关性,并计算 PT 的敏感性、特异性及约登指数。 材料和方法: 选择22只 AD 犬。使用 Greer 点刺系统,使用含甘油过敏原提取物以及阴性和阳性对照进行PT。由对 IDT 结果设盲的检查者使用7个客观标准主观判读反应(阳性/阴性)。由另一位设盲研究者主观和客观判读相同过敏原的 IDT 反应。计算 PT 与 IDT 的一致性,PT的敏感性、特异性及约登指数,以 IDT 为金标准。 结果: 在主观评价上,PT与 IDT 的相关性较差,PT的敏感性为0%。在 PT 客观评价的7个标准中,如果过敏原诱导的风团的最长直径≥8.5 mm,则认为其为阳性时,诊断性能最佳。然而,即便如此,与 IDT 的相关性仍为中度,PT的敏感性虽然基于很少的阳性 IDT 反应,但较低。 结论和临床相关性: 至少正如本文所述,PT与 IDT 具有低至中度相关性,主要是由于缺乏阳性 PT 反应。需要进一步的研究来改进 PT 技术,同时,它不能被推荐作为 IDT 的替代品。.Não há estudos investigando a correlação entre o prick test (PT) e o teste intradérmico (IDT) com alérgenos ambientais em cães com dermatite atópica (DA).Investigar a correlação entre PT e IDT para dois alérgenos ambientais, e calcular a sensibilidade, especificidade e o índice Youden para o PT, utilizando o IDT como padrão-ouro. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Vinte e dois cães com DA foram selecionados. O PT foi realizado com extratos de alérgenos glicerinados, bem como controles negativo e positivo, utilizando o Greer Prick System. As reações foram interpretadas (positivo/negativo) subjetivamente ou utilizando sete critérios objetivos, por um examinador cego para os resultados de IDT. As reações aos mesmos alérgenos no IDT foram interpretadas, subjetivamente e objetivamente por outro examinador cego. Calculou-se A concordância entre PT e IDT, sensibilidade e especificidade e índice Youden para PT, utilizando IDT como padrão ouro.Na avaliação objetiva, a correlação entre PT e IDT foi baixa e a sensibilidade do PT foi 0%. Dos sete critérios para a avaliação objetiva de PT, melhor desempenho diagnóstico foi obtido quando as pápulas induzidas por alérgenos foram consideradas positivas se o maior diâmetro fosse ≥8,5 mm. No entanto, mesmo assim, a correlação com o IDT foi moderada, e a sensibilidade do PT, embora baseada em poucas reações positivas do IDT, foi baixa. CONCLUSÃO E RELEVÂNCIA CLÍNICA: De acordo como que realizamos, o PT tem uma correlação de baixa a moderada com o IDT, principalmente como consequência da ausência de reações positivas do PT. Mais estudos são necessários para aprimorar a técnica de PT e, no momento, ela não pode ser recomendada como substituto do IDT.
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- 2022
38. Clinical relevance of intradermal test results in atopic dogs.
- Author
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Mallmann S, Klinger CJ, Claßen J, Wagner I, Klima A, Castelletti N, and Müller RS
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- Allergens, Animals, Dogs, Immunoglobulin E, Intradermal Tests veterinary, Dermatitis, Atopic diagnosis, Dermatitis, Atopic veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
Topic and Aims: Canine atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory and pruritic skin disease and in most cases associated with IgE antibodies against environmental allergens. To date, the only causative therapeutic option is allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Offending allergens for AIT can be identified by intradermal testing (IDT) or serum allergen-specific IgE testing. The aim of the study was to evaluate positive IDT results considering the atopic dogs' clinical history., Material and Methods: An IDT was performed on 48 atopic dogs and their owners completed a detailed questionnaire about the seasonal course of their pruritus. Results of IDT were correlated with the seasonal occurrence of pruritus., Results: The most common positive IDT reactions were observed to mite allergens (33.3-62.5 %). Prevalence of positive reactions to individual tree, grass and weed pollen ranged between 8.3 % and 25 %. Moulds and epithelial allergens produced positive reactions in only 0-6.3 %. A correlation between positive IDT reactions and course of pruritus could neither be found for perennial nor for seasonal allergens., Conclusion: The evaluation of IDT reactions may not be an optimal method for identification of clinically relevant allergens in canine AD., Clinical Relevance: The results of this study emphasise the importance of considering clinical history in addition to allergy test results in the formulation of an allergen extract for desensitisation., Competing Interests: There is no direct conflict of interest, but Ralf Mueller has lectured for Nextmune and Artu Biologicals for the past 3 years, and has been supported in other allergy testing studies by Heska Laboratories and Nextmune., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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39. The intradermal test of cephalosporins:half a centrury misunderstanding
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FangBo Yang, Hoan Linh Banh, Yi-Ping Liu, Ping Xu, ChengCheng Zhao, ChengQi Hou, and Yi-Wen Xiao
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Pharmacology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Drug Discovery ,Cephalosporin ,medicine ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Intradermal test ,business ,Dermatology - Published
- 2018
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40. Diagnosis of Fasciola spp. infection in cattle in El-Dakhla Oasis, Egypt by Intradermal test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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ahmed hassan, Mohamed, Y Ramdan, S.F. A Omar, Aliaa Balegh, and Lubna, M Elakabawy
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General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2021
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41. Amoxicillin: Eczematous flare-up on application site of previous patch test and intradermal test followed by itchy maculopapular eruptions: case report
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- 2018
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42. Intradermal test dose hypersensitivity reactions to antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study
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Rajesh S, Chandralekha N, and Padmaja Udaykumar
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Cross-sectional study ,Antibiotics ,Tertiary care hospital ,medicine.disease_cause ,Dermatology ,Ciprofloxacin ,Hypersensitivity reaction ,Allergen ,medicine ,Itching ,Intradermal test ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Skin tests like the intradermal test (IDT) and skin prick test can be used for drug hypersensitivity prediction. An IDT is done by injecting intradermally an allergen or drug solution of volume 0.020.05 ml by raising a small bleb 3 mm in diameter. The injection site is read after 1520 min for immediate reactions. The IDT is routinely done before administration of full-dose antibiotic in the majority of the hospitals. Aim and Objectives: The aims and objectives were to study the frequency of IDT dose hypersensitivity reactions to antibiotics and its outcome. Materials and Methods: 0.2 ml of the antibiotic was injected intradermally before full dose of the same. The test reading was done after 1530 min after the injection and we looked for wheal, flare reaction, and itching. The drug causing the reaction, time of reaction, description of the reaction, the organ affected, and the outcome of the reaction were noted. Results: Two hundred and fifty-three patients were included in the study of which 32 patients had local hypersensitivity reactions to IDT dose. Redness and redness with induration were the most common reactions. The reaction to IDT dose of ciprofloxacin was the most commonly seen reaction in this study. Conclusion: The present study showed that the hypersensitivity reaction to IDT dose before the full dose of the antibiotic was fairly common and the IDT is possibly helpful in preventing allergic reactions to full dose.
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- 2021
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43. A decade of tuberculosis eradication programs in the Mediterranean water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in South Italy: Are we heading toward eradication?
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Alessandra Martucciello, Maria Ottaiano, Piera Mazzone, Nicoletta Vitale, Anna Donniacuo, Roberta Brunetti, Marcellino Di Franco, Pasquale Cerrone, Claudia Spoleto, Giorgio Galiero, and Esterina De Carlo
- Subjects
tuberculosis ,water buffalo ,Bubalus bubalis ,diagnosis ,gamma-interferon test ,intradermal test ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is susceptible to bovine tuberculosis (TB), which receives increased attention in areas where buffalo breeding is prevalent, such as in Southern Italy, especially in the Campania region, where 70% of the buffalo stock is bred. Since 2012, TB testing in buffalo herds has been conducted using the Single Intradermal Test (SIT), with the Comparative Intradermal test (CIT) used in cases of inconclusive results. From 2012 to 2016, the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) test was occasionally employed experimentally in herds with TB outbreaks to expedite eradication efforts. A local TB eradication program was implemented in officially TB-free buffalo herds between 2017 and 2019. This program involves initial screening with SIT, followed by confirmatory tests, including CIT and IFN-γ, for positive reactions. Since June 2019, the IFN-γ test has replaced the CIT in officially TB-free herds upon positive SIT reactions. Additionally, in suspected and confirmed TB-outbreak herds, the IFN-γ test was used at the discretion of the competent authority. Between 2017 and 2019, approximately 295,000 buffaloes in Campania were screened annually with in vivo tests provided by TB eradication programs. During this period, 32,040 animals from 855 herds were tested using the IFN-γ test and 4,895 tested positive. Since 2020, the use of IFN-γ testing has increased, and has become a prerequisite for the acquisition of TB-free status and is being systematically applied for TB outbreak-extinction procedures. The test was performed in all breeding buffaloes in cases of doubtful SIT results in TB-free herds and when TB lesions are detected at slaughter in animals from TB-free herds. This combined approach helped detect more TB outbreaks, and thereby led to a reduction in the TB prevalence and incidence rates. By 2022, the prevalence had decreased to 1.56%, and the incidence had decreased to 0.73%, after the increased use of the IFN-γ test. This study highlights the effectiveness of implemented strategies in reducing TB in this region. Overall, the data demonstrate the successful impact of TB eradication measures and surveillance activities in reducing bubaline TB prevalence and incidence in the Campania region.
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- 2024
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44. Evaluation of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Infection by gp 43 Intradermal Test in Rural Settlements in Central-West Brazil
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Marques, Ana Paula da C., Oliveira, Sandra Maria V. L., Rezende, Grazielli R., Melo, Dayane A., Fernandes-Fitts, Sonia M., Pontes, Elenir Rose J. C., Bonecini-Almeida, Maria da Glória, Camargo, Zoilo P., and Paniago, Anamaria M. M.
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- 2013
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45. Clinical Relevance and Advantages of Intradermal Test Results in 371 Patients with Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma and/or Otitis Media with Effusion
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Hurst, David S., primary and McDaniel, Alan B., additional
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- 2021
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46. Diagnosis of Fasciola spp. infection in cattle in El-Dakhla Oasis, Egypt by Intradermal test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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hassan, ahmed, primary, Ramdan, Mohamed, Y, additional, Omar, S.F. A, additional, Balegh, Aliaa, additional, and Elakabawy, Lubna, M, additional
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- 2021
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47. Discrepancies in the bilateral intradermal test and serum tests in atopic horses.
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van Damme CMM, van den Broek J, and Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM
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- Allergens, Animals, Horses, Immunoglobulin E, Intradermal Tests veterinary, Reproducibility of Results, Dermatitis, Atopic diagnosis, Dermatitis, Atopic veterinary, Horse Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: In equine atopic patients intradermal testing (IDT) and immunoglobulin (Ig)E serology are used frequently. There is little evidence regarding the reproducibility of the IDT and IgE serology in horses., Objectives: To compare the results of a simultaneously performed IDT on the left and right side of the neck in atopic horses, and to compare these results with allergen-specific IgE serology., Animals: Ten equine patients from a university hospital population with chronic urticaria and/or pruritus., Methods and Materials: The IDT was performed using 16 allergens and the results were evaluated after 30 min, 1, 4 and 24 h. Thirteen allergens also were analysed in duplicate with two monoclonal allergen-specific IgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA)., Results: Good agreement (Kappa > 0.6) between left and right IDT was found only for Dermatophagoides farinae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, birch pollen mixture and perennial rye at 30 min, birch pollen mixture at 1 h, and Acarus siro and nettle and common mugwort mixture at 4 h. The bilateral comparison of the other allergens and even the same allergens at other time points showed little or no concordance between left and right IDT. The interlaboratory comparison between both ELISAs, and the comparison between the ELISAs and IDT, showed a good agreement for two of 13 allergens: D. farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Based on these preliminary data, IDT and IgE serological test results should be interpreted with great care and further studies are needed to indicate the clinical relevance of these findings., (© 2020 The Authors. Veterinary Dermatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the European Society of Veterinary Dermatology and the American College of Veterinary Dermatology.)
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- 2020
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48. Comparison of Cytology and Cultural Examination and Intradermal Test Results in Atopic Dogs with Evidence of Malassezia Pachydermatis.
- Author
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Babić, Senka, Zahirović, Amir, and Pašić, Šemso
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- *
MALASSEZIA , *ATOPIC dermatitis , *ALLERGENS , *DOG diseases , *CYTOLOGY - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine association between cytological and/or cultural examination in atopic dogs with evidence of Malassezia pachydermatis; association regarding the results of examination and age, sex, breed, onset of symptoms of atopic dermatitis, intradermal test (IDT) results to common allergens and to M. pachydermatis allergen was also analyzed. Thirty-seven atopic dogs with Malassezia evidence were evaluated. Malassezia yeast was detected in 9 of 37 (24.32%) dogs by cytology (Group I); 12 of 37 (32.43%) dogs were culturally positive to M. pachydermatis (Group II), and M. pachydermatis was evidenced by cytology and culture in 16 of 37 (43.24%) dogs (P > 0.05). Purebred dogs were in the greater number in Groups II and III. The hypersensitivity to the house dust and house dust allergen group was considered as most common in all three groups of dogs, 8 (88.88%), 12 (100%) and 13 (81.25%), respectively. In Group II and III, the greater number of dogs were with pruritus than without it (P < 0.05). In Group I, the greater number of dogs were with a positive IDT to M. pachydermatis allergen and with pruritus (margin of significant difference; P = 0.056). Dogs with a positive IDT to M. pachydermatis allergen were in the greater number (7 of 14) positive by culture, while dogs with a negative IDT to M. pachydermatis allergen were in the greater number (11 of 23) positive by cytology and culture; there was no statistically significant difference found. It is important to control presence of Malassezia yeast in dogs with atopic dermatitis to minimize the risk of sensitization to M. pachydermatis allergens, since the low number of yeast cells may cause hypersensitivity reactions in dogs predisposed to development of atopic dermatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
49. Comparison of rapid screening immunoassay and intradermal test for canine atopic dermatitis
- Author
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Young Bae Jin, Ji Houn Kang, Yeseul Lee, Sang-Rae Lee, Byeong-Teck Kang, Dong In Jung, and Mhan-Pyo Yang
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medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Immunoglobulin E ,Allergen ,Immunoassay ,Immunology ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Intradermal test ,business - Published
- 2015
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50. Clinical relevance of intradermal test results in atopic dogs
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Ralf S. Müller, Janine Claßen, Christoph J. Klinger, André Klima, Noemi Castelletti, Iris Wagner, and Stefanie Mallmann
- Subjects
Allergen immunotherapy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,biology ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,Allergen extract ,Allergens ,Immunoglobulin E ,Intradermal Tests ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology ,respiratory tract diseases ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Dogs ,Allergy test ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Animals ,Clinical significance ,Dog Diseases ,Small Animals ,business - Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory and pruritic skin disease and in most cases associated with IgE antibodies against environmental allergens. To date, the only causative therapeutic option is allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Offending allergens for AIT can be identified by intradermal testing (IDT) or serum allergen-specific IgE testing. The aim of the study was to evaluate positive IDT results considering the atopic dogs' clinical history.An IDT was performed on 48 atopic dogs and their owners completed a detailed questionnaire about the seasonal course of their pruritus. Results of IDT were correlated with the seasonal occurrence of pruritus.The most common positive IDT reactions were observed to mite allergens (33.3-62.5 %). Prevalence of positive reactions to individual tree, grass and weed pollen ranged between 8.3 % and 25 %. Moulds and epithelial allergens produced positive reactions in only 0-6.3 %. A correlation between positive IDT reactions and course of pruritus could neither be found for perennial nor for seasonal allergens.The evaluation of IDT reactions may not be an optimal method for identification of clinically relevant allergens in canine AD.The results of this study emphasise the importance of considering clinical history in addition to allergy test results in the formulation of an allergen extract for desensitisation.Die kanine atopische Dermatitis (AD) ist eine entzündliche und juckende Hautkrankheit, bei der in den meisten Fällen IgE-Antikörper gegen Umweltallergene auftreten. Bis heute stellt die Allergen-Immuntherapie (AIT) die einzige kausale Therapie dar. Am Krankheitsgeschehen beteiligte Allergene können durch Intrakutantests (IKT) oder Serumtests auf allergenspezifisches IgE identifiziert werden. Ziel dieser Studie war herauszufinden, ob positive IKT-Ergebnisse mit der Anamnese der atopischen Hunde korrelieren.Bei 48 atopischen Hunden, bei denen ein IKT durchgeführt wurde, füllten die Hundebesitzer einen detaillierten Fragebogen über den jahreszeitlichen Verlauf des Juckreizes ihrer Hunde aus. Die Antworten in den Fragebögen wurden in Beziehung zu den Resultaten des IKT gesetzt.Die häufigsten positiven Reaktionen wurden gegen Hausstaubmilben festgestellt (33,3–62,5 %). Die Prävalenz positiver Resultate gegen die getesteten Pollen von Bäumen, Gräsern und Kräutern lag zwischen 8,3 % und 25 %. Schimmelpilze und Epithelien führten bei 0–6,3 % zu positiven Reaktionen. Positive IKT-Ergebnisse gegen ganzjährige und saisonale Allergene korrelierten nicht mit dem Auftreten von Juckreiz.Die Bewertung von Reaktionen im IKT ist möglicherweise nicht die optimale Methode für die Bestimmung der klinisch relevanten Allergene bei kaniner AD.Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie bestätigen, dass bei der Auswahl von Allergenen für die AIT die klinische Anamnese zusätzlich zu den Ergebnissen des Allergietests berücksichtigt werden muss.
- Published
- 2021
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