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The correct diagnosis is fundamental for the appropriate treatment to be employed in a particular pathology. The best treatment is not the one that solves only local problems, fragmenting the patient, and therefore, it is necessary to integrate the entire systemic condition of the individual before initiating any local treatment. This context inevitably requires dentistry to participate in a multidisciplinary approach, where the role of the dentist is expanded in concepts that encompass ethics, human dignity, and professional valorization. This article describes a clinical case of a patient with mucopolysaccharidosis type I, whose treatment of cystic lesions present in the mandible was exclusively performed through marsupialisation. The objective of this study is to demonstrate, within the complexity of this rare syndrome, the difficulties of diagnosis and the need for evaluation of the patient beyond the limits of the oral cavity, as well as to report two cases of large dentigerous cysts, surgically treated conservatively through marsupialisation, without the need for re-approach for enucleation and without recurrences over a 20-year period.

Statment of the Problem: Podoplanin can indicate the lymphangiogenesis. On the other hand, lymphangiogenesis affects the biological behavior of lesions. The clinical behavior of odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and dentigerous cysts (DC) is different.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of podoplanin and to investigate lymphangiogenesis in OKCs as compared to DCs.Materials and Method: In this experimental laboratory study, sixty paraffined blocks, including 30 OKC and 30 DC samples, were examined in this study, all of which were histopathologically non-inflamed. To evaluate lymphangiogenesis, the immunohistochemi­cal reaction of D2-40 was evaluated via cytoplasmic and membrane staining of lymphatic endothelial cells. The expression of podoplanin in the epithelial cells of two cyst groups was also examined. To analyze the collected data and compare the results between the two groups of cysts, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test were performed in SPSS version 22. The significance level was set at 0.05.Results: The mean lymph node count and podoplanin expression were significantly higher in the OKC epithelium as compared to DC (P

Abstract Background To investigate the radiological and demographic features, types, distribution, and treatment methods of dentigerous cysts (DC). Methods Panoramic radiographs and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of patients diagnosed with DC based on biopsy results between January 2020 and December 2023 were examined. In patients from different age groups, the numbers, types and locations, and radiological features of DCs, associated changes in surrounding tissues, and treatment methods used were reviewed. Results Among 95 patients with DC (66 males, 29 females), sex and age distributions were comparable between those with a single cyst (n = 86) and those with two cysts (n = 9). Of 104 DCs, 44 were central, 38 were lateral, and 22 were circumferential. DC types were not significantly affected by sex, age group, or anatomical location. Circumferential DCs often caused displacement of the mandibular canal inferiorly. While enucleation was preferred for the treatment of central DCs, circumferential DCs were treated with marsupialization. Conclusions In this study, which is the first to evaluate the DC types on CBCT images, the central type was the most common. Circumferential DCs were mostly treated with marsupialization. CBCT imaging can assist in determining DC types, and may provide guidance for treatment planning.

Background and Objectives: Dentigerous cysts are one of the most frequent pathologies associated with unerupted or impacted teeth. Such cysts show a male predilection and a preference for the mandibular region. Also, they commonly occur in the second and third decades of life, with only 9% occurring in the first decade. The aim of this work is to apply and study the therapeutic algorithms developed for dentigerous cysts and their outcomes, from the early diagnostic stage to the complete healing phase of pediatric patients diagnosed with this medical condition. Materials and Methods: The study included 19 pediatric patients diagnosed with dentigerous cysts who underwent the enucleation and extraction or conservative attitude of the associated tooth. The bony healing was also followed-up 9 months after the surgery. Results: A higher incidence in the posterior area of the mandible and maxilla was observed, as well as a higher incidence in boys. The 9 months postoperative radiographic assessment showed that the bony defects were completely healed. Conclusions: A thorough understanding of the nature of the lesion backed by a good clinical history and by state-of-the-art radiographic and radiologic examinations can go a long way in helping the surgeon to choose the correct therapeutic approach and to ameliorate the medical condition in the best long-term interest of the young patient. The considered dentigerous cyst cases demonstrated that an early diagnosis and treatment of this pathology is followed by a responsive treatment.

Objective: This systematic review investigates the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of immunohistochemical markers in dentigerous cysts (DCs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with impacted third molars. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was employed across major databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, from the inception of the databases to March 2024. Keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms such as “dentigerous cysts”, “odontogenic keratocysts”, “immunohistochemistry”, “Ki-67”, and “p53” were used. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed to ensure methodological rigor. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on humans and animals providing definitive diagnoses or specific signs and symptoms related to DCs and OKCs, with results on protein expression derived from immunohistochemistry, immune antibody, proteomics, or protein expression methods. Results: Of the 159 studies initially identified, 138 met the inclusion criteria. Our analysis highlighted significantly higher expressions of Ki-67 (22.1% ± 4.7 vs. 10.5% ± 3.2, p < 0.001), p53 (15.3% ± 3.6 vs. 5.2% ± 1.9, p < 0.001), and Bcl-2 (18.4% ± 3.2 vs. 8.7% ± 2.4, p < 0.001) in OKCs compared to DCs, indicating a higher proliferative index, increased cellular stress, and enhanced anti-apoptotic mechanisms in OKCs. Additionally, PCNA levels were higher in OKCs (25.6% ± 4.5 vs. 12.3% ± 3.1, p < 0.001). Genetic mutations, particularly in the PTCH1 gene, were frequently observed in OKCs, underscoring their aggressive behavior and potential malignancy. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the significant role of immunohistochemical markers in distinguishing between DCs and OKCs, with elevated levels of Ki-67, p53, Bcl-2, and PCNA in OKCs suggesting a higher potential for growth and recurrence. Genetic insights, including PTCH1 mutations, further support the need for personalized treatment approaches. These markers enhance diagnostic accuracy and inform targeted therapeutic strategies, potentially transforming patient management in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Statment of the Problem: Podoplanin can indicate the lymphangiogenesis. On the other hand, lymphangiogenesis affects the biological behavior of lesions. The clinical behavior of odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and dentigerous cysts (DC) is different. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of podoplanin and to investigate lymphangiogenesis in OKCs as compared to DCs. Materials and Method: In this experimental laboratory study, sixty paraffined blocks, including 30 OKC and 30 DC samples, were examined in this study, all of which were histopathologically non-inflamed. To evaluate lymphangiogenesis, the immunohistochemical reaction of D2-40 was evaluated via cytoplasmic and membrane staining of lymphatic endothelial cells. The expression of podoplanin in the epithelial cells of two cyst groups was also examined. To analyze the collected data and compare the results between the two groups of cysts, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test were performed in SPSS version 22. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The mean lymph node count and podoplanin expression were significantly higher in the OKC epithelium as compared to DC (p< 0.001). Based on the results, 90% of OKC samples and 43.3% of DC samples showed grade 3 staining. Conclusion: The rate of lymphangiogenesis and podoplanin expression in the epithelium were higher in OKCs compared to DCs. According to the results, the expression of podoplanin may be a useful marker for determining the invasiveness and proliferation of OKC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and characterize the dentigerous cyst in a Portuguese population with bone pathology and to study the concordance rate between clinical and histological diagnoses of all cases. Methods: Clinical records of patients attending Oral Surgery and Oral Pathology consultations in a Portuguese university clinic between 2000 and 2023 were consulted. Bone pathology cases were selected along with information about sex, age, and anatomic location. The concordance rate between clinical and histological diagnoses was also calculated, dividing the cases into totally concordant, partially concordant, and discordant. Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square tests. Results: The dentigerous cyst prevalence within bone pathology cases was 10.50%. It was more prevalent in males (68%), with no statistical significance (p>0.05). The average age of patients was 36.9 ± 13.5 years old. About half of the cases (56%) were associated with unerupted teeth, and third molars were the most affected teeth (33.33%). Most cases (57%) were in the mandible, with no statistical significance, more prevalent in the fourth quadrant (38.89%). The clinical diagnosis of 44.80% of the cases analyzed agreed with the histological diagnosis, 17.65% agreed partially, and 37.55% disagreed. Conclusions: The prevalence of dentigerous cysts in the referred population was 10.50%. They were more prevalent in males and mostly located in the mandible, with a higher incidence between 19 and 50 years of age. The concordance rate between clinical and histological diagnoses was 62.45%, a value that can and should be improved.

Objective: This systematic review investigates the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of immunohistochemical markers in dentigerous cysts (DCs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with impacted third molars. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was employed across major databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, from the inception of the databases to March 2024. Keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms such as "dentigerous cysts", "odontogenic keratocysts", "immunohistochemistry", "Ki-67", and "p53" were used. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed to ensure methodological rigor. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on humans and animals providing definitive diagnoses or specific signs and symptoms related to DCs and OKCs, with results on protein expression derived from immunohistochemistry, immune antibody, proteomics, or protein expression methods. Results: Of the 159 studies initially identified, 138 met the inclusion criteria. Our analysis highlighted significantly higher expressions of Ki-67 (22.1% ± 4.7 vs. 10.5% ± 3.2, p < 0.001), p53 (15.3% ± 3.6 vs. 5.2% ± 1.9, p < 0.001), and Bcl-2 (18.4% ± 3.2 vs. 8.7% ± 2.4, p < 0.001) in OKCs compared to DCs, indicating a higher proliferative index, increased cellular stress, and enhanced anti-apoptotic mechanisms in OKCs. Additionally, PCNA levels were higher in OKCs (25.6% ± 4.5 vs. 12.3% ± 3.1, p < 0.001). Genetic mutations, particularly in the PTCH1 gene, were frequently observed in OKCs, underscoring their aggressive behavior and potential malignancy. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the significant role of immunohistochemical markers in distinguishing between DCs and OKCs, with elevated levels of Ki-67, p53, Bcl-2, and PCNA in OKCs suggesting a higher potential for growth and recurrence. Genetic insights, including PTCH1 mutations, further support the need for personalized treatment approaches. These markers enhance diagnostic accuracy and inform targeted therapeutic strategies, potentially transforming patient management in oral and maxillofacial surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Background Study design Objectives Methods Results Main limitations Conclusions Dentigerous cysts are well‐known congenital defects in horses, and the literature on this condition is extensive. Recently, a third type of dentigerous cyst, associated with an exostosis arising from the temporal bone, has been described. Today, computed tomography (CT) is often available and provides detailed information about the exact location and extent of dentigerous cysts, allowing for the description of new findings.This is a case series outlining the clinical, radiographic and computed tomographic features of dentigerous cysts in seven horses presented to the Equine Clinic at the Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland.The aim of this case series was to describe the radiographic and computed tomographic findings, and the occurrence of exostoses arising from the temporal bone, in horses with dentigerous cysts.The medical records of the Equine Hospital at the University of Zurich were reviewed for horses admitted with dentigerous cysts between 2007 and 2023. Data collected and analysed included patient signalment, clinical history, clinical signs and their duration prior to referral, diagnostic imaging results, treatment and outcomes.The most common location for the cysts was the base of the ear, although in one case, the maxillary sinus was involved. Of the seven cases, four were Icelandic horses. CT proved superior to standard radiography for determining the extent and precise location of the cysts, as well as for identifying dental material and exostoses in the temporal region. CT also facilitated detailed surgical planning. All cysts were surgically removed with good long‐term outcomes.Overall, the incidence of dentigerous cysts in horses was low. The relatively high occurrence of dentigerous cysts in Icelandic horses in this study is an interesting finding, though the small sample size calls for further research.Two of the cases in this series were similar to a recently described variant of a ‘temporal dentigerous cyst associated with an exostosis in the temporal region’ and were closely connected to the bony structure and draining tract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unerupted teeth in dogs are fairly common and may develop an odontogenic cyst that causes destruction of the surrounding bone and affect adjacent teeth. We analyzed histological reports of cysts associated with unerupted teeth in a large population of dogs. Medical records and histopathological results of cysts associated with unerupted teeth were evaluated from all dogs treated at a private referral veterinary dental clinic over a 10-year period (2012–2022). A total of 192 dogs with 279 cysts associated with one or more unerupted teeth were included in the study. Brachycephalic breeds were overrepresented. The most affected were Tibetan Spaniels with 58 dogs (30%) and Boxers with 48 dogs (25%). The most common affected tooth was the mandibular first premolar tooth with 238 (84%) cysts. Of the total of 279 cysts, 208 (75%) were histopathologically examined. None of the cysts examined contained malignant changes. Based on these 208 cysts, the probability of finding a cyst with malignant changes in a population of dogs is 0–1.4% (confidence interval 95%).

Background and Objectives : Dentigerous cysts are one of the most frequent pathologies associated with unerupted or impacted teeth. Such cysts show a male predilection and a preference for the mandibular region. Also, they commonly occur in the second and third decades of life, with only 9% occurring in the first decade. The aim of this work is to apply and study the therapeutic algorithms developed for dentigerous cysts and their outcomes, from the early diagnostic stage to the complete healing phase of pediatric patients diagnosed with this medical condition. Materials and Methods : The study included 19 pediatric patients diagnosed with dentigerous cysts who underwent the enucleation and extraction or conservative attitude of the associated tooth. The bony healing was also followed-up 9 months after the surgery. Results : A higher incidence in the posterior area of the mandible and maxilla was observed, as well as a higher incidence in boys. The 9 months postoperative radiographic assessment showed that the bony defects were completely healed. Conclusions : A thorough understanding of the nature of the lesion backed by a good clinical history and by state-of-the-art radiographic and radiologic examinations can go a long way in helping the surgeon to choose the correct therapeutic approach and to ameliorate the medical condition in the best long-term interest of the young patient. The considered dentigerous cyst cases demonstrated that an early diagnosis and treatment of this pathology is followed by a responsive treatment.

Dentigerous cysts, if left untreated, can grow significantly and weaken the mandible, posing risks of pathological or iatrogenic fracture. Treatment options may include decompression, marsupialization, and enucleation, which are available, with the choice being multifactorial and tailored to each case. This article describes the management of two complex dentigerous cysts at risk of fracture, one about an 84-year-old woman and the second about a 41-year-old man. The cysts and associated teeth were surgically removed, and simultaneously custom-made titanium osteosynthesis plates were placed to prevent per- and postoperative fracture risks. This approach appears to be indicated in cases where marsupialization or decompression is impossible and when there is a high risk of iatrogenic fracture., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Bazin et al.)

Background: Dentigerous cysts are among the most prevalent odontogenic cysts associated with impacted teeth, particularly impacted third molars. Understanding the clinicopathological correlation between impacted teeth and factors contributing to cyst formation is essential. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological correlation between impacted teeth and the factors associated with dentigerous cyst formation. Materials and Methods: The study analyzed a total of 30 cases, which were categorized into two subgroups: 16 cases of dental follicles and 14 cases of dentigerous cysts. Retrospective data were collected from the departmental archive, and demographic data along with clinical parameters were correlated. In addition, the Ki-67 index was assessed through immunohistochemical analysis for both study groups. Results: A clinical correlation between impacted teeth along with Ki-67 index in both dental follicles and dentigerous cysts was observed. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is hypothesized that prophylactic extraction of impacted third molars should be mandatory, irrespective of their symptomatic or asymptomatic status.

Background Dentigerous cysts (DC) form due to fluid accumulation between the crown of the tooth and the reduced enamel epithelium. Due to the diverse clinical characteristics, such as ambiguity concerning their biological origins and the significance of timely diagnosis and detection of these lesions, researchers are presently motivated to undertake further investigations. The aim of the present study was to assess the amount of serum alpha-tocopherol in patients with DC and compare it with that of normal, healthy individuals. Methods A total sample size of n=34 was included in the current study. Group A, designated as the control group, comprised 17 randomly selected healthy subjects, while Group B, the DC diagnostic group, consisted of 17 patients. Blood samples were collected, and the concentration of vitamin E or alpha-tocopherol was evaluated and expressed in mg/mL. Results Compared to the mean vitamin E level in healthy controls (12.08 ± 1.92 mg/mL), patients with DC showed a statistically significant (p<0.0001) reduction in mean vitamin E levels (5.29 ± 1.01 mg/mL). Conclusion Patients with DC have lower levels of vitamin E than healthy individuals. The reduced concentration of vitamin E can have a role in the extension of cystic volume and thus have an impact on the aggressiveness of pathologic lesions. The therapeutic benefits of vitamin E supplementation in reducing the aggressiveness of DC should be evaluated in future research., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Saveetha Institute Human Ethical Committee issued approval SDC/PhD/07/18/47. The sample population was chosen from the patients seeking treatment for oral conditions at the outpatient Department of Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Oral Surgery at Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals between 2019 and 2021, with an institutional human ethical committee number of SDC/PhD/07/18/47. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Ubayathulla et al.)

Unerupted teeth in dogs are fairly common and may develop an odontogenic cyst that causes destruction of the surrounding bone and affect adjacent teeth. We analyzed histological reports of cysts associated with unerupted teeth in a large population of dogs. Medical records and histopathological results of cysts associated with unerupted teeth were evaluated from all dogs treated at a private referral veterinary dental clinic over a 10-year period (2012-2022). A total of 192 dogs with 279 cysts associated with one or more unerupted teeth were included in the study. Brachycephalic breeds were overrepresented. The most affected were Tibetan Spaniels with 58 dogs (30%) and Boxers with 48 dogs (25%). The most common affected tooth was the mandibular first premolar tooth with 238 (84%) cysts. Of the total of 279 cysts, 208 (75%) were histopathologically examined. None of the cysts examined contained malignant changes. Based on these 208 cysts, the probability of finding a cyst with malignant changes in a population of dogs is 0-1.4% (confidence interval 95%)., Competing Interests: JJ was employed by EstiMates Oy. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Vesterinen, Lönnberg, Junnila, Luotonen and Kuntsi.)

Aim: The aim of this study is to create a model that enables the detection of dentigerous cysts on panoramic radiographs in order to enable dentistry students to meet and apply artificial intelligence applications. Methods: E.O. and I.T. who are 5th year students of the faculty of dentistry, detected 36 orthopantomographs whose histopathological examinations were determined as Dentigerous Cyst, and the affected teeth and cystic cavities were segmented using CranioCatch's artificial intelligence supported clinical decision support system software. Since the sizes of the images in the dataset are different from each other, all images were resized as 1024x514 and augmented as vertical flip, horizontal flip and both flips were applied on the train-validation. Within the obtained data set, 200 epochs were trained with PyTorch U-Net with a learning rate of 0.001, train: 112 images (112 labels), val: 16 images (16 labels). With the model created after the segmentations were completed, new dentigerous cyst orthopantomographs were tested and the success of the model was evaluated. Results: With the model created for the detection of dentigerous cysts, the F1 score (2TP / (2TP+FP+FN)) precision (TP/ (TP+N)) and sensitivity (TP/ (TP+FN)) were found to be 0.67, 0.5 and 1, respectively. Conclusion: With a CNN approach for the analysis of dentigerous cyst images, the precision has been found to be 0.5 even in a small database. These methods can be improved, and new graduate dentists can gain both experience and save time in the diagnosis of cystic lesions with radiographs.

We evaluated the usefulness of simple diffusion kurtosis (SD) imaging, which was developed to generate diffusion kurtosis images simultaneously with an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map for 27 cystic disease lesions in the head and neck region. The mean kurtosis (MK) and ADC values were calculated for the cystic space. The MK values were dentigerous cyst (DC): 0.74, odontogenic keratocyst (OKC): 0.86, ranula (R): 0.13, and mucous cyst (M): 0, and the ADC values were DC: 1364 × 10−6 mm2/s, OKC: 925 × 10−6 mm2/s, R: 2718 × 10−6 mm2/s, and M: 2686 × 10−6 mm2/s. The MK values of DC and OKC were significantly higher than those of R and M, whereas their ADC values were significantly lower. One reason for the characteristic signal values in diffusion-weighted images of DC may be related to content components such as fibrous tissue and exudate cells. When imaging cystic disease in the head and neck region using SD imaging, the maximum b-value setting at the time of imaging should be limited to approximately 1200 s/mm2 for accurate MK value calculation. This study is the first to show that the MK values of DC are characteristically higher than those of other cysts.

The correct diagnosis is fundamental for the appropriate treatment to be employed in a particular pathology. The best treatment is not the one that solves only local problems, fragmenting the patient, and therefore, it is necessary to integrate the entire systemic condition of the individual before initiating any local treatment. This context inevitably requires dentistry to participate in a multidisciplinary approach, where the role of the dentist is expanded in concepts that encompass ethics, human dignity, and professional valorization. This article describes a clinical case of a patient with mucopolysaccharidosis type I, whose treatment of cystic lesions present in the mandible was exclusively performed through marsupialisation. The objective of this study is to demonstrate, within the complexity of this rare syndrome, the difficulties of diagnosis and the need for evaluation of the patient beyond the limits of the oral cavity, as well as to report two cases of large dentigerous cysts, surgically treated conservatively through marsupialisation, without the need for re-approach for enucleation and without recurrences over a 20-year period.

Context: Glucose uptake may be considered the rate-limiting step for the growth and metabolism of the cancer cell. Studies on GLUT1 have shown that GLUT1 is involved in cell survival and proliferation in both healthy and pathological circumstances. GLUT1 expression is regarded as one of the crucial elements in the development of local aggressiveness, tumour invasiveness, and metastasis, particularly in malignant tumours. The role of glut1 in odontogenic cysts and tumours has remained uncertain., Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the expression of Glut1 in dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocysts, and ameloblastoma., Settings and Design: The study was conducted in GSL Dental College. The study design was a resprospective immunohistochemical study., Methods and Material: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of histologically confirmed cases (n = 50), 10 cases of odontogenic keratocysts, dentigerous cysts, ameloblastomas solid, ameloblastomas unicystic, and dental follicles each. Brown colour staining was considered as positive staining for GLUT1. Quantitative analysis was performed by counting the number of labelled cells, and semi-quantitative analysis was conducted by assigning immunostaining intensity scores., Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the groups. A P value of ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant., Results: Odontogenic keratocysts and unicystic ameloblastoma showed ≥50% of label cells with strong intensity of staining. Odontogenic keratocysts and solid ameloblastoma showed sub-cellular localisation of staining in the cytoplasm and membrane. Dentigerous cysts exhibited combined nucleus, cytoplasm, and membrane sub-cellular localisation of staining., Conclusions: The development of ameloblastomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and dentigerous cysts appears to be influenced by GLUT-1. Variation in its expression may aid in explanation of some of the differences in biological activity of these lesions., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology.)

We evaluated the usefulness of simple diffusion kurtosis (SD) imaging, which was developed to generate diffusion kurtosis images simultaneously with an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map for 27 cystic disease lesions in the head and neck region. The mean kurtosis (MK) and ADC values were calculated for the cystic space. The MK values were dentigerous cyst (DC): 0.74, odontogenic keratocyst (OKC): 0.86, ranula (R): 0.13, and mucous cyst (M): 0, and the ADC values were DC: 1364 × 10 -6 mm 2 /s, OKC: 925 × 10 -6 mm 2 /s, R: 2718 × 10 -6 mm 2 /s, and M: 2686 × 10 -6 mm 2 /s. The MK values of DC and OKC were significantly higher than those of R and M, whereas their ADC values were significantly lower. One reason for the characteristic signal values in diffusion-weighted images of DC may be related to content components such as fibrous tissue and exudate cells. When imaging cystic disease in the head and neck region using SD imaging, the maximum b-value setting at the time of imaging should be limited to approximately 1200 s/mm 2 for accurate MK value calculation. This study is the first to show that the MK values of DC are characteristically higher than those of other cysts.

Objective: Midkine is a heparin-binding growth factor whose expression is increased in most tumors, namely ameloblastomas. This study aimed to compare Midkine expression in different odontogenic lesions. Material and Method: This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 52 definitely diagnosed odontogenic lesions including 15 dentigerous cysts, 13 odontogenic keratocysts, and 17 unicystic and 5 multicystic ameloblastomas archived from 1997 to 2015. Midkine expression was examined in tissue samples through immunohistochemistry. The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were run as appropriate (P < 0.05). Results: The frequency of Midkine expression was < 20% in 7.7%, 20-50% in 25%, and > 50 % in 67.3% of the samples, indicating significant differences among the groups (P = 0.002). Moreover, the expression intensity was strong in 63.5%, moderate in 23.1%, and weak in 13.5% of odontogenic lesion samples (P = 0.071). The total staining score was weak in 3.8%, moderate in 48.1%, and strong in 48.1% of the cells, displaying significant differences between the study groups in this regard (P = 0.043). Conclusion: Midkine can be considered as both a differentiating factor and a molecular-targeted therapy in odontogenic lesions. Yet, further studies are required to approve the role of this cytokine in different biological and pathological stages of the tumors.

Objectives The pediatric dentigerous cysts might vary by region and population group. Large cystic lesions are typically treated with marsupialization before enucleation in order to decompress the lesion and reduce its volume; however, in pediatric cystic lesions, conservative marsupialization and decompression can be used to manage the condition without additional enucleation. The current study's objectives were to present a case series of pediatric dentigerous cysts and discuss the conservative management of these cystic lesions associated with mixed dentition. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis of patients diagnosed with cystic lesions between 2016 and 2023 was identified. Data on clinical, radiological, pathological, and odontogenic causes were collected. The marsupialization approach was performed in all cases. Patient demographic information was also examined, and a literature review was carried out to identify comparable cases. Results Sixteen young patients were diagnosed with dentigerous cysts, and this was confirmed by clinical, radiological, and pathological examinations. Females comprised 56.2% of the cases, with the right side predominating (62.5%). Deciduous teeth related to the lesion could be extracted normally in all cases. All associated permanent teeth erupted rapidly after the intervention. Conclusion The marsupialization technique used in the current cases of dentigerous cysts associated with mixed dentition was highly successful, and all permanent impacted teeth erupted without any cystic recurrence., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Alqadi et al.)

The aim of this study is to describe a case of dentigerous cysts of a young patient successfully treated as well as clinical and radiographic follow-up. A 10-year-old female patient was referred to the Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the Regional University Hospital of Campos Gerais. The patient’s panoramic radiograph revealed a well-defined radiolucent unilocular area associated to the crown of the second permanent right lower molar, which was impacted. In addition, the permanent upper canines were enclosed, suggesting a dentigerous cyst. A conservative treatment was determined, through marsupialization of the lesions. The histopathology examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of dentigerous cysts. Longitudinal clinical and radiographic monitoring was essential to certify the regression of the lesion, as well as bone neoformation, thus promoting the eruption and maintenance of the affected permanent teeth.

Context: Glucose uptake may be considered the rate-limiting step for the growth and metabolism of the cancer cell. Studies on GLUT1 have shown that GLUT1 is involved in cell survival and proliferation in both healthy and pathological circumstances. GLUT1 expression is regarded as one of the crucial elements in the development of local aggressiveness, tumour invasiveness, and metastasis, particularly in malignant tumours. The role of glut1 in odontogenic cysts and tumours has remained uncertain. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the expression of Glut1 in dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocysts, and ameloblastoma. Settings and Design: The study was conducted in GSL Dental College. The study design was a resprospective immunohistochemical study. Methods and Material: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of histologically confirmed cases (n = 50), 10 cases of odontogenic keratocysts, dentigerous cysts, ameloblastomas solid, ameloblastomas unicystic, and dental follicles each. Brown colour staining was considered as positive staining for GLUT1. Quantitative analysis was performed by counting the number of labelled cells, and semi-quantitative analysis was conducted by assigning immunostaining intensity scores. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the groups. A P value of =0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Odontogenic keratocysts and unicystic ameloblastoma showed =50% of label cells with strong intensity of staining. Odontogenic keratocysts and solid ameloblastoma showed sub-cellular localisation of staining in the cytoplasm and membrane. Dentigerous cysts exhibited combined nucleus, cytoplasm, and membrane sub-cellular localisation of staining. Conclusions: The development of ameloblastomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and dentigerous cysts appears to be influenced by GLUT-1. Variation in its expression may aid in explanation of some of the differences in biological activity of these lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]