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Objective To explore the effect of FBXW7 on ferroptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Head and neck squamous cell lines HN4 and HN6 were cultured in vitro. FBXW7 and SOX2 overexpression plasmids were constructed, and the plasmids were stably transfected into cell lines. The overexpression transfection efficiency was verified at the transcription level and protein level by qRT-PCR and Western blot experiments, respectively. The lipid peroxidation levels of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells with overexpressing FBXW7 were verified by measuring malondialdehyde(MDA), glutathione(GSH), and reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels. After treating cells with ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1, the changes in cell viability were further detected to verify the effect of FBXW7 on ferroptosis. The effect of transfection of the overexpressed plasmid on cellular pathways was detected by Western blot. Results HN4 and HN6 cell lines showed increased levels of lipid peroxidation after overexpression of FBXW7, and the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 was able to effectively reverse the ferroptosis induced by overexpression of FBXW7. Western blot assay results showed that overexpression of FBXW7 reduced the expression of c-Myc, SOX2 and SLC7A11. Conclusion FBXW7 regulates the expression of SOX2-SLC7A11 by degrading c-Myc, thereby effectively regulating ferroptosis in HNSCC.

Skeletal reorganization reactions have emerged as an intriguing tool for converting readily available compounds into complicated molecules inaccessible by traditional methods. Herein, we report a unique skeleton‐reorganizing coupling reaction of cycloheptatriene and cycloalkenones with amines. In the presence of Rh/acid catalysis, cycloheptatriene can selectively couple with anilines to deliver fused 1,2‐dihydroquinoline products. Mechanistic studies indicate that the retro‐Mannich type ring‐opening and subsequent intramolecular Povarov reaction account for the ring reorganization. Our mechanistic studies also revealed that skeleton‐reorganizing amination between anilines and cycloalkenones can be achieved with acid. The synthetic utilization of this skeleton‐reorganizing coupling reaction was showcased with a gram‐scale reaction, synthetic derivatizations, and the late‐stage modification of commercial drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five-carbon dimethylallyl units, such as prenyl and reverse-prenyl, are widely distributed in natural indole alkaloids and terpenoids. In conventional methodologies, these valuable motifs are often derived from substrates bearing leaving groups, but these processes are accompanied by the generation of stoichiometric amounts of by-products. From an economical and environmental point of view, the basic industrial feedstock isoprene is an ideal alternative precursor. However, given that electronically unbiased isoprene might undergo six possible addition modes in the coupling reactions, it is difficult to control the selectivity. This article summarizes the strategies we have developed to achieve regioselective C–H functionalizations of isoprene under transition-metal and acid catalysis. 1 Introduction 2 Catalytic Coupling of Indoles with Isoprene 3 Catalytic Coupling of Formaldehyde, Arenes and Isoprene 4 Catalytic Coupling of 4-Hydroxycoumarins with Isoprene 5 Catalytic Coupling of Cyclic 1,3-Diketones with Isoprene 6 Conclusion and Outlook [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The underlying mechanisms and diagnostic biomarkers for the progress of COVID-19 in HIV patients have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the aim is to analyze the metabolomic profiles of HIV/AIDS patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and to identify biomarkers indicative of co-infection. In this study, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of peripheral blood samples collected from 30 HIV/AIDS patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 (pc group) and 30 patients without SARS-CoV-2 (nc group). In this study, through non-targeted metabolomics and lipidomics analysis, 77 differential metabolites were identified in the plasma of patients co-infected with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 compared to the nc group, with vitamin K1 emerging as a significant feature. Moreover, the plasma of the pc group showed disturbances in lipid metabolism, with elevated triglycerides (TG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) and decreased phosphatidylglycerol (PG) compared to the control group. Vitamin K1 may be a biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 in HIV/AIDS patients, and changes in the levels of TG, PC, and PG molecules appear to be the main features following HIV co-infection with COVID-19. The emphasis in our study is on the power of using comprehensive metabolomics (lipidomics) approaches to identify metabolic biomarkers and potential mechanisms of COVID-19 in HIV/AIDS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rational design of the microporous layer (MPL) is very important for the water management of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). The uncertainty of pore structure distribution of MPL originated from the random stacking of particles. To facilitate the water transfer at high current density, it is necessary to improve the capillary force of the gas diffusion layer (GDL). The hierarchical porous structure MPL was designed by coating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different length-diameter ratios. In the process of constructing the network structure of CNTs, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/N-methylpyrrolidone binder/solvent system alleviates the structural and performance defects caused by the agglomeration via an integrated method of dispersion and binding. The optimal current density of PEMFC at 0.2 V can reach 1913.8 mA/cm2 under the optimal MPL structure. The peak power density of GDL-G PVDF prepared with PVDF is 831.8 W/cm2 which is 8.85% and 15.74% higher than that of GDL-1 PVDF and GDL-2 PVDF with single pore structure, respectively. The lowest mass transfer resistance of GDL-G PVDF is 23.71 mΩ, indicating that it can discharge excess water at the catalyst layer/MPL interface to avoid flooding. This design provided a novel strategy for the stable operation of PEMFC at high current density. [Display omitted] • Two types of carbon nanotubes were used to construct MPL with hierarchical network structure. • Enhanced performance of PEMFC was achieved through enhancing capillary pressure. • The optimized properties of MPL ensure ultra-low mass transport resistance. • The MPLs with PVDF/NMP binder/solvent system facilitate the water and gas transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering is the property of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, a high-input power (>30 dBm) rectifier circuit for 2.45-GHz microwave wireless power transmission is presented. To overcome the shortcomings of the traditional Schottky rectifier circuit, the novel rectifier circuit is designed based on a GaAs field-effect transistor (FET) and a Schottky diode together as the rectification part. A system-level verification demonstrates that the novel rectifier circuit has a potential application value for microwave wireless power transmission system. Measurement results show that higher input power range and MW-dc power conversion efficiency are realized at the same time by this design scheme. The maximum MW-dc conversion efficiency of the novel rectifier circuit can reach 74.42% when the input power is 30 dBm, and it is 20% higher than the peak conversion efficiency of the traditional rectifier without FET. In addition, the proposed rectifier circuit can operate with over 50% efficiency when the input power varies from 16 to 31 dBm, and has a good performance with the value of load ranging from 70 to 730 Ω, it is mean that the novel rectifier circuit is able to provide power for some electronic devices with different impedance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the problem of dense object counting. In dense scenes, variations in object scales and uneven distributions greatly hinder counting accuracy. The current methods, whether CNNs with fixed convolutional kernel sizes or Transformers with fixed attention sizes, struggle to handle such variability effectively. Lower-resolution features are more sensitive to larger objects closer to the camera, while higher-resolution features are more efficient for smaller objects further away. Thus, preserving features that carry the most relevant information at each scale is crucial for improving counting precision. Motivated by this, we propose a multi-resolution scale feature fusion-based universal density counting network (MRSNet). It utilizes independent modules to process high- and low-resolution features, adaptively adjusts receptive field sizes, and incorporates dynamic sparse attention mechanisms to optimize feature information at each resolution, by integrating optimal features across multiple scales into density maps for counting evaluation. Our proposed network effectively mitigates issues caused by large variations in object scales, thereby enhancing counting accuracy. Furthermore, extensive quantitative analyses on six public datasets demonstrate the algorithm's strong generalization ability in handling diverse object scale variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Video-based services have become popular. Clients often outsource their videos to the cloud to relieve local maintenance. However, privacy has become a major concern, since many videos contain sensitive information. Although retrieving (unencrypted) videos has been extensively investigated, retrieving encrypted multimedia has received relatively rare attention, at best in a limitation of image-based similarity searches. We initiate the study of scalable encrypted video search, enabling clients to query videos similar to an image search. Our modular framework leverages intrinsic attributes of videos, such as semantics and visuals, to effectively capture their contents. We propose a two-step approach whereby lightweight searchable encryption techniques are used for pre-screening, followed by an interactive approach for fine-grained search. Furthermore, we present three instantiations, including one centralized-writer instantiation and two distributed-writer instantiations, to effectively cater to varying needs and scenarios: (1) The centralized one employs forward and backward private searchable encryption [CCS 2017] over deep hashing [CVPR 2020]. (2) Motivated by distributed computing, the multi-writer instantiations building atop HSE [Usenix Security 2022] allows searching the relevant videos contributed by multiple intuitions collaboratively. Our experimental results illustrate their practical performance over multiple real-world datasets, whether in a centralized setting or distributed setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granuloma is a crucial pathological feature of tuberculosis (TB). The relationship between CD4+ T cells in both peripheral blood and granulomatous tissue, and the integrity of granulomas in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–MTB co-infection, remains unexplored. This study collected biopsy specimens from 102 TB patients (53 with HIV-MTB co-infection and 49 only with TB). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed, followed by microscopic examination of the integrity of tuberculous granulomas. Through statistical analysis of peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts, tissue CD4+ T cell proportion, and the integrity of granulomas, it was observed that HIV infection leads to poor formation of tuberculous granulomas. Peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts were positively correlated with granuloma integrity, and there was a similar positive correlation between tissue CD4+ T cell proportions and granuloma integrity. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts and the proportion of CD4+ T cells in granuloma tissues. Therefore, HIV infection could impact the morphology and structure of tuberculous granulomas, with a reduced proportion of both peripheral blood and tissue CD4+ T lymphocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the evolution of road freight transport in the context of Industry 4.0, focusing on management practices and technological advancements in transport and logistics companies' management information systems. By analyzing the latest international practices in road freight quality management within Industry 4.0 through regression and correlation methods, a model highlighting the significant influence of quality over price and institutional factors on the development of information and communication technology (ICT) goods exports was developed. It showcases how digital frameworks, alongside AI and big data, can enhance road freight quality in Industry 4.0, establishing a digital ecosystem for transport and logistics quality management. This study introduces a novel perspective on managing road freight transport as a digital ecosystem, offering insights into improving ICT goods exports in Kazakhstan by enhancing management information systems. It suggests a new management information system organization scheme to increase road freight quality management efficiency and ensure quality in Industry 4.0 settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the core system of rail transit to ensure traffic safety and improve transport efficiency, the train control system plays an important role in the design and implementation of multi-network integration. This paper focuses on analyzing the characteristics and differences of the mainstream train control systems from the aspects of construction objectives, system selection, technical routes and other aspects in combination with the construction needs of the multi-network integration of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area urban express line, and expounds the integration scheme and difficulties, so as to provide certain ideas and references for the selection and design of the follow-up train control systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the Journal of Materials Chemistry A, a publication by The Royal Society of Chemistry. It features articles on materials for energy and sustainability, covering topics such as catalysts, electrocatalysts, photoanodes, and batteries. The papers published in 2024 explore advancements in materials chemistry, utilizing techniques like machine learning and scanning electrochemical microscopy. The research aims to enhance the efficiency, performance, and properties of materials for various applications, including energy storage and solar energy harvesting. [Extracted from the article]

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) occurs frequently clinically as a complication following cardiovascular resuscitation resulting in neuronal damage specifically to the hippocampal CA1 region with consequent cognitive impairment. Apoptosis and oxidative stress were proposed as major risk factors associated with CIRI development. Previously, glycosides obtained from Cistanche deserticola (CGs) were shown to play a key role in counteracting CIRI; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of CGs on subsequent CIRI in rats. The model of CIRI was established for 2 hr and reperfusion for 24 hr by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. The MCAO rats were used to measure the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of CGs on CIRI. Neurological function was evaluated by the Longa neurological function score test. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to detect the area of cerebral infarction. Nissl staining was employed to observe neuronal morphology. TUNEL staining was used to detect neuronal apoptosis, while Western blot determined protein expression levels of factors for apoptosis-related and PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Data demonstrated that CGs treatment improved behavioral performance, brain injury, and enhanced antioxidant and anti-apoptosis in CIRI rats. In addition, CGs induced activation of PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway accompanied by inhibition of the expression of apoptosis-related factors. Evidence indicates that CGs amelioration of CIRI involves activation of the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway associated with increased cellular viability suggesting these glycosides may be considered as an alternative compound for CIRI treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering is the property of Railway Signalling & Communication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Beijing Birth Cohort Study (BBCS) is a research project that aims to investigate the effects of health conditions during pregnancy on the development of offspring. The study collected data from over 52,000 pregnant women in Beijing between 2017 and 2021. The study found that a significant percentage of women had abnormal pre-pregnancy body mass indexes (BMI) and experienced conditions such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), thyroid disease, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The study also examined delivery modes and fetal abnormalities. The BBCS has strengths such as comprehensive sample collection and the ability to study the impact of COVID-19, but a weakness is that it was established at a single center. The data are not yet openly available, but researchers can contact the investigators for potential collaboration. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China. [Extracted from the article]

According to the network and public transportation characteristics of the metropolitan area rails, the technical goal of integration of signaling systems is proposed, which is, the integration of existing C2/C2+ATO and CBTC systems and the integration of signaling systems using new interconnection technology. Based on the analysis of differences in technical level, working mechanism and system function between the ground and vehicle equipment of the existing mainstream CTCS and CBTC systems, the interconnection schemes of "ground-to-vehicle compatibility" and "vehicle-to-ground compatibility" are proposed. Combined with the current researches of relevant manufacturers, the new interconnection technology route of suburban railway is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genomic prediction (GP) in plant breeding has the potential to predict and identify the best-performing hybrids based on the genotypes of their parental lines. In a GP experiment, 34 elite inbred lines were selected to make 285 single-cross hybrids in a partial-diallel cross design. These lines represented a mini-core collection of Chinese maize germplasm and comprised 18 inbred lines from the Stiff Stalk heterotic group and 16 inbred lines from the Non-Stiff Stalk heterotic group. The parents were genotyped by sequencing and the 285 hybrids were phenotyped for nine yield and yield-related traits at two locations in the summer sowing area (SUS) and three locations in the spring sowing area (SPS) in the main maizeproducing regions of China. Multiple GP models were employed to assess the accuracy of trait prediction in the hybrids. By ten-fold cross-validation, the prediction accuracies of yield performance of the hybrids estimated by the genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) model in SUS and SPS were 0.51 and 0.46, respectively. The prediction accuracies of the remaining yield-related traits estimated with GBLUP ranged from 0.49 to 0.86 and from 0.53 to 0.89 in SUS and SPS, respectively. When additive, dominance, epistasis effects, genotype-by-environment interaction, and multi-trait effects were incorporated into the prediction model, the prediction accuracy of hybrid yield performance was improved. The ratio of training to testing population and size of training population optimal for yield prediction were determined. Multiple prediction models can improve prediction accuracy in hybrid breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant polyphenols with a catechol structure can form covalent adducts with meat proteins, which affects the quality and processing of meat products. However, there is a lack of fast and effective methods of characterizing these adducts and understanding their mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the covalent interaction between myofibrillar protein (MP) and caffeic acid (CA), a plant polyphenol with a catechol structure, using molecular probe technology. The CA-MP adducts were separated via sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and detected via Western blot and LC-MS/MS analyses. The Western blot analysis revealed that various specific adducts were successfully enriched and identified as bands around 220 kDa, 45 kDa, and two distinct bands between 95 and 130 kDa. Combined with the LC-MS/MS analysis, a total of 51 peptides were identified to be CA-adducted, corresponding to 31 proteins. More than 80% of the adducted peptides carried one adducted site, and the rest carried two adducted sites. The adducted sites were located on cysteine (C/Cys), histidine (H/His), arginine (R/Arg), lysine (K/Lys), proline (P/Pro), and N-terminal (N-Term) residues. Results showed that the covalent interaction of CA and MP was highly selective for the R side chain of amino acids. Moreover, the adducts were more likely to form via C-N bonding than C-S bonding. This study provides new insights into the covalent interaction of plant polyphenols and meat proteins, which has important implications for the rational use of plant polyphenols in the meat processing industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of TianJin Medical Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We report a case of a 59-year-old male diagnosed with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). He received first-line platinum doublet chemotherapy and second-line topotecan-based regimen, but experienced disease progression after each line of therapy. He was then treated with Sintilimab, a PD-1 inhibitor, in combination with nab-paclitaxel in the third-line setting, which resulted in significant tumor shrinkage. Restaging scans showed a partial response per RECIST criteria with 62% reduction in tumor burden. This case highlights the application and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in extensive-stage SCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]