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The results revealed varying levels of magnitude and breadth in neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 (wild-type, delta [B.1.617.2] and omicron [BA.1.1]) across four vaccines, with the mRNA vaccine RQ3013 demonstrating the highest levels of neutralizing antibodies[5]. Interestingly, the recombinant protein vaccine ZR202-CoV with CpG as adjuvant and the adenovirus-vectored vaccine ChAdTS-S showed much slower decline rates against omicron variants compared with the mRNA vaccine RQ3013 (2-4-fold vs 4-11-fold decrease, respectively). These authors contributed equally: Yuemiao Zhang, Meng-Ting Luo Dear Editor, As of July 2022, over 89% of Chinese population have finished COVID-19 vaccine primary immunization, mostly with two-dose inactivated vaccines. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: Whether preoperative serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is an independent prognostic factor and there are interactions of serum CA19-9 with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on the risk of recurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are still not clarified.Methods: Consecutive patients with CRC who underwent curative resection for stage II-III colorectal adenocarcinoma at five hospitals were collected. Based on Cox models, associations of preoperative CA19-9 with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated in patients with or without elevated CEA, and interactions between CEA and CA19-9 were also calculated. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were used to evaluate the associations between preoperative CA19-9 and CRC outcomes on a continuous scale.Results: A total of 5048 patients (3029 [60.0%] men; median [interquartile range, IQR] age, 61.0 [51.0, 68.0] years; median [IQR] follow-up duration 46.8 [36.5-62.4] months) were included. The risk of recurrence increased with the elevated level of preoperative CA19-9, with the slope steeper in patients with normal CEA than those with elevated CEA. Worse RFS was observed for elevated preoperative CA19-9 (> 37 U/mL) (n = 738) versus normal preoperative CA19-9 (≤ 37 U/mL) (n = 4310) (3-year RFS rate: 59.4% versus 78.0%; unadjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 2.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.79 to 2.28), and significant interaction was found between CA19-9 and CEA (P for interaction = 0.001). Increased risk and interaction with CEA were also observed for OS. In the Cox multivariable analysis, elevated CA19-9 was associated with shorter RFS and OS regardless of preoperative CEA level, even after adjustment for other prognostic factors (HR: 2.08, 95% CI:1.75 to 2.47; HR: 2.25, 95% CI:1.80 to 2.81). Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses yielded largely similar results. These associations were maintained in patients with stage II disease (n = 2724).Conclusions: Preoperative CA19-9 is an independent prognostic factor in CRC patients. Preoperative CA19-9 can be clinically used as a routine biomarker for CRC patients, especially with preoperative normal serum CEA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Body weight and insulin resistance (IR) are closely correlated, and their temporal sequences in affecting blood pressure (BP) remain poorly defined. We examined the temporal sequences of weight loss and IR change, and their relations with BP in the Pounds Lost trial, a randomized weight-loss diet intervention study. Methods: The present study included overweight/obese adults, who were randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial design to low-calorie diets containing 20 or 40% fat and 15 or 25% protein (diets with 65, 55, 45 and 35% carbohydrate). Weight, IR, systolic and diastolic BP levels were measured at baseline, 6 and 24 months. After excluding the subjects who took antihypertensive drugs, cross-lagged path and mediation analyses were performed among 540 participants. Results: After adjusting for age, race, sex, and diet groups, the cross-lagged path coefficient from baseline weight to 24-month IR (β1 = 0.135, P = 0.04) was significantly greater than the path coefficient (β2 = 0.022, P > 0.05) from baseline IR to 24-month weight (P < 0.05 for the difference in βs), indicating that weight-loss preceded change of IR. The mediation effects of 24-month IR on the 24-month systolic BP and diastolic BP were estimated at 20.94% (P = 0.004) and 17.03% (P = 0.034), respectively. Conclusions: Our data indicate that weight loss precedes change of IR, which mediates a significant proportion of the effects of weight loss on changes of BP in response to the diet interventions. Trial registration: NCT00072995 First Posted November 17, 2003 Last Update Posted January 30, 2013 this study was not 'retrospectively registered'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Shanghai Ocean University (SHOU) convened the workshop "International Promotion Programme on Social Impact of Rice-Fish Farming" from 4 to 8 December 2018 in Shanghai, China. The workshop was attended by 17 international experts and 39 Chinese experts, including representatives from the Chinese government, academia and cooperating organizations. Integrated aquaculture practices such as rice-fish farming, have proven to make valuable contributions to sustainable development in many places around the world, especially with small-scale stakeholders. However, the extent of the social impacts of rice-fish farming practices needs to be better assessed and documented. The main objectives of the workshop were: i) to provide an exchange platform for a better understanding of the social impact of rice-fish farming worldwide; ii) to examine various dimensions of the social impact of rice-fish farming, such as poverty reduction, traditional/indigenous arts and cultures, nutrition and gender equity and equality; and iii) to increase the awareness on the social impact of innovative agro-aquaculture systems. This document summarizes the preparation, process and conclusions of the workshop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]