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Aqueous rechargeable nickel–bismuth batteries have surfaced as a prospective energy storage and conversion system because of their merits of good safety, high power density, and low cost.

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound-guided needle placement has revolutionized the thoracic paravertebral block technique and can be applied in thoracoscopic surgery. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the median effective volume (EV50) of an ultrasound-guided single shot of 0.3% ropivacaine used as a thoracic paravertebral nerve block for the radical thoracoscopic resection of lung cancer. METHODS: A total of 27 patients who received a single shot of ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block and underwent radical thoracoscopic resection of lung cancer were enrolled in this study between February 10 and August 13, 2018. All patients were rated as ASA grades I or II. Using ultrasound as a guide, the block needle was gradually pushed through the lateral costotransverse ligaments to the thoracic paravertebral space by the in-plane technique. After confirming the absence of blood or cerebrospinal fluid, 1–2 ml of 0.3% ropivacaine hydrochloride was injected to confirm that the position of the needle was appropriate, and a pre-determined volume of 0.3% ropivacaine hydrochloride was then administered to the patients. Sensory testing by pinprick was performed every 5 minutes for 30 minutes following the thoracic paravertebral block injection to identify the time segments during which the loss of sensation to the pinprick and its blocking effect occurred. RESULTS: All patients completed the study and 14 (51.8%) had a successful block. CONCLUSION: The EV50 of 0.3% ropivacaine was 18.46 ml (95% CI 17.09–19.95 ml) and the EV95 was 20.89 ml.

Aims Oil sands mining in the boreal forest produces large volumes of liquid tailings. Research has generally focused on the thickness and composition of the soil layers to be placed on top of the tailings during reclamation. However, tailings release water, which may seep into the root zone and affect plants. Furthermore, the interactions and combined effects of root hypoxia and root substrate chemistry on plant responses are poorly understood. Methods The effects of the aqueous phase of novel tailings (Non-Segregating Tailings—NST) were studied under well-aerated and hypoxic conditions in three relatively hypoxia resistant tree species [tamarack (Larix laricina), black spruce (Picea mariana), and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera)] and three relatively sensitive tree species [lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), jack pine (Pinus banksiana), and aspen (Populus tremuloides)] by growing them in hydroponic solutions in a controlled environment. Results Root hypoxic conditions further reduced the survival, growth, and physiology of plants exposed to NST. Our results confirm that NST water produces the same deleterious effects in plants as previously reported in the amalgamated oil sands tailings. In trembling aspen, salt sequestration was inhibited, and in black spruce needles hypoxia may have prevented an osmoregulative mechanism. Conclusions Our results highlight the potential impact of water seepage from buried tailings on reclamation success. Furthermore, hypoxic conditions can aggravate these effects by inhibiting salt stress mechanisms. We suggest that the preparation of reclamation sites impacted by tailings water should involve efforts aimed at improvement of soil aeration to minimize the detrimental effects on plants.

Wing polymorphism is an evolutionary trait that is widely present in various insects and provides a model system for studying the evolutionary significance of insect dispersal. The brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) can alter its wing morphs under biotic and abiotic stress. However, whether differential signaling pathways are induced by the 2 types of stress remain largely unknown. Here, we screened a number of candidate genes through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and found that ornithine decarboxylase (NlODC), a key enzyme in the synthesis of polyamines, was associated with wing differentiation in BPH and mainly responded to abiotic stress stimuli. We analyzed the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment pathways of differentially expressed genes under the 2 stresses by transcriptomic comparison, and found that biotic stress mainly influenced insulin-related signaling pathways while abiotic stress mainly influenced hormone-related pathways. Moreover, we found that insulin receptor 1 (NlInR1) may regulate wing differentiation of BPH by responding to both biotic and abiotic stress, but NlInR2 only responded to biotic stress. Similarly, the juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase associated with juvenile hormone degradation and NlODC may regulate wing differentiation mainly through abiotic stress. A model based on the genes and stresses to modulate the wing dimorphism of BPH was proposed. These findings present a comprehensive molecular mechanism for wing polymorphism in BPH induced by biotic and abiotic stress.

The phenolics are the main bioactive substances of Huangshan Gongju, a famous chrysanthemum of China, but their digestive characteristics are still unknown. To explore the digestive properties of Huangshan Gongju phenolics, the flower was extracted and subjected to simulated digestions, and their phenolic profile and activity were analyzed. The results indicated that the total phenolics content and antioxidant activity of the extract varied with the simulated digestion steps, and they generally decreased in the oral and small intestine digestions but increased in the gastric digestion, and high correlations were detected between the total phenolics content and antioxidant activity (0.873 r 0.979, p .01). The change of phenolic profile during the simulated digestions was similar to that of total phenolics content, and six individual phenolics were identified and quantified, and three of them, including chlorogenic acid, apigenin-7-O-rutinoside, and apigenin-7-O-6″-acetylglucoside showed higher recovery (64.29%), implying they may be the main functional phenolics of Huangshan Gongju. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study proved that most phenolics in Huangshan Gongju were relatively stable during digestion. The finding may guarantee the application of Huangshan Gongju in the field of functional foods.

The present study explored the kinetics and variation of volatile components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma during the hot-air drying process to obtain the optimal process parameters under multiple goals such as drying efficiency and drying quality. The dry basis moisture content and drying rate curves along with the change of drying time of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were investigated at five levels of drying air temperatures(30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 ℃). The relationship between moisture ratio and time in the drying process of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma was fitted and verified by Midilli model, Page model, Overhults model, Modified Page model, Logaritmic model, Two terms Exponential model, and Newton model. Meanwhile, the effective diffusion coefficient of moisture(D_(eff)) and activation energy(E_a) in Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were calculated under different drying air temperatures. GC-MS was used to determine the volatile components and content changes of the fresh Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and dried products at different temperatures. The dry basis moisture content and drying rate of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were closely related to the temperature of the drying medium, and the moisture of the Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma decreased with the prolonged drying time. As revealed by the drying rate curve, the drying rate increased with the increase in hot air temperature, and the migration of moisture was accelerated. The comparison of the correlation coefficient(R~2), chi-square(χ~2), and root mean standard error(RMSE) of each model indicated that the parameter average of the Midilli model had the highest degree of fit, with R~2=0.999 2, χ~2=8.78×10~(-5), and RMSE=8.20×10~(-3). Besides, the D_(eff) at 30-70 ℃ was in the range of 1.04×10~(-9)-6.28×10~(-9) m~2·s~(-1), and E_a was 37.47 kJ·mol~(-1). The volatile components of fresh Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and dried products at different temperatures were determined by GC-MS, and 18, 18, 18, 17, 17, and 18 compounds were identified respectively, which accounted for more than 84.76% of the volatile components. In conclusion, the hot-air drying of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma can be model-fitted and verified and the variation law of the moisture and volatile components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with temperature is obtained. This study is expected to provide new ideas for exploring the drying characteristics and quality of aromatic Chinese medicine.

Infanticide by unrelated individuals is widely reported in the animal kingdom; however, little is known about cases perpetrated by a parent, particularly the mother. This article reports on three cases of mother-initiated infanticide in Qinling golden takins (Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi) recorded from video and camera images. Based on previous reports in other animals, we propose that the infanticide events observed in golden takins were related to the parental manipulation mechanism – i.e., killing an unhealthy infant to allow the mother to invest more care in potentially healthy offspring, and gain more fruitful reproductive opportunities. This appears to be an evolutionary-based selection strategy, whereby a species can prosper and succeed under the challenges of natural selection. However, further studies on both captive and wild populations are required to answer the various questions raised from our observations.

The milk bar is an emerging style of retail business that mainly produces pasteurized milk (PM) and other dairy products on-site in many large cities of the People's Republic of China. To date, no data about veterinary drug residues in PM samples produced from milk bars have been reported. The objective of this study was to investigate the safety of PM from a total of 182 PM samples collected from milk bars from 10 provincial capital cities and to analyze the residues of seven classes of 61 veterinary drugs. First, the chemical components were screened with test kits, and then the positive samples were further confirmed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that 15 (8.24%) samples were screened positive for veterinary drugs, and six drugs in 11 (6.04%) samples were confirmed. The veterinary drugs detected were penicillin G (2.20%), tetracycline (1.10%), tylosin (1.10%), amoxicillin (0.55%), oxytetracycline (0.55%), and gentamicin (0.55%), with maximum residue levels of 3.4, 11.9, 28.2, 3.0, 26.9, and 63.5 μg kg-1, respectively. Veterinary drug residues were detected as positive in 7 of 10 cities, with the highest detection rate as 14.29% in Urumqi. No positive samples were found in the cities of Nanjing, Tianjin, and Nanning. All detected drug levels were far below the maximum residue levels regulated by China, the European Union, and the Codex Alimentarius Commission. This suggests that the overall veterinary drug residues in PM in milk bars reached the safety code of the country. However, potential risks still exist, and continuous attention should be paid to guarantee the safety of this milk product in the future.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) and jasmonates (JAs) regulate plant growth, development, and defense responses, but how these phytohormones mediate the growth-defense tradeoff is unclear. Here, we identified the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) dwarf at early stages1 (dwe1) mutant, which exhibits enhanced expression of defensin genes PLANT DEFENSIN1.2a (PDF1.2a) and PDF1.2b. The dwe1 mutant showed increased resistance to herbivory by beet armyworms (Spodoptera exigua) and infection by botrytis (Botrytis cinerea). DWE1 encodes ROTUNDIFOLIA3, a cytochrome P450 protein essential for BR biosynthesis. The JA-inducible transcription of PDF1.2a and PDF1.2b was significantly reduced in the BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ETHYL METHANESULFONATE-SUPPRESSOR1 (BES1) gain-of-function mutant bes1- D, which was highly susceptible to S. exigua and B. cinerea. BES1 directly targeted the terminator regions of PDF1.2a/PDF1.2b and suppressed their expression. PDF1.2a overexpression diminished the enhanced susceptibility of bes1- D to B. cinerea but did not improve resistance of bes1- D to S. exigua. In response to S. exigua herbivory, BES1 inhibited biosynthesis of the JA-induced insect defense-related metabolite indolic glucosinolate by interacting with transcription factors MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN34 (MYB34), MYB51, and MYB122 and suppressing expression of genes encoding CYTOCHROME P450 FAMILY79 SUBFAMILY B POLYPEPTIDE3 (CYP79B3) and UDP-GLUCOSYL TRANSFERASE 74B1 (UGT74B1). Thus, BR contributes to the growth-defense tradeoff by suppressing expression of defensin and glucosinolate biosynthesis genes.

Two extremely halophilic archaea, isolates SYSU A00711T and SYSU A00630, were isolated from a sediment soil sample collected from the Aiding lake, China. Cells of these isolates were cocci, non-motile and stained Gram-negative. They grew optimally at 37 °C, with 20–22% NaCl (w/v) and at pH 7.5–8.0. Cells lysed in distilled water. Major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, mannosyl glucosyl diether, sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether, and two unidentified glycolipids. Pairwise sequence comparison revealed that isolates SYSU A00711T and SYSU A00630 were closely related to Halegenticoccus soli SYSU A9-0T (94.1 and 94.0% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities; 94.0 and 94.2% rpoB' gene similarities, respectively). The overall genomic relatedness indices values between the two isolates and Halegenticocus soli SYSU A9-0 T were: AAI, both 79.6%; ANI, 84.6 and 84.5%; dDDH, 32.5 and 26.3%, respectively. Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene, rpoB' gene, and genome sequences demonstrated a robust clade of these two isolates with Halegenticoccus soli SYSU A9-0T. The DNA G + C contents of these two isolates are both 64.7% (genome method). Based on the differences in phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic properties, isolates SYSU A00711T and SYSU A00630 are characterized to represent a novel species in the genus Halegenticoccus, for which the name Halegenticoccus tardaugens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the species Halegenticoccus tardaugens is SYSU A00711T (= KCTC 4245T = CGMCC 1.15768T).

This study aimed to compare the challenge of puncture and catheterization and the effect of postoperative analgesia of ultrasound-guided continuous thoracic paravertebral block and the continuous epidural analgesia in patients receiving thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer. One-hundred and fifty patients received elective unilateral thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer and were randomized into three groups; test group 1 (T group), test group 2 (P group), and the control group (E group). Both of the test groups received ultrasound-guided continuous thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) while the control group received continuous epidural analgesia. After the operation, all the patients in the test groups received the same postoperative analgesia; loading dose 0.5 mg kg−1, background dose 0.25 mg kg−1 h−1, patient controlled analgesia (PCA) 0.25 mg kg−1, and a locking time of 60 min, while the patients in the control group received a loading dose of 5 ml, a background dose of 5 ml h−1, and a locking time of 20 min. The outcomes of this study were the success rate of the puncture and catheter placement, the blocked segments, numerical rating scale (NRS) scores at rest and during coughing, and the segments with reduced or lost cold and pinpricking sensation. The success rates of the puncture and catheterization in group T were the highest. Compared with group P, the failure rate of the puncture in group E was lower (p 0.05), while the 4 h postoperative levels of groups P and T were reduced significantly (p < 0.05). The continuous analgesia technique of paravertebral space catheterization cannot replace the continuous epidural analgesia in thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery as the latter technique is still considered to be the gold standard. China Clinical Trial Registration Center identifier ChiCTR1900020973.

Shenfu injection (SFI) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine widely used in the treatment of septic shock in China.The aims of this study are to investigate the protective effects of SFI on sepsis-induced myocardial injury in mice and to identify the underlying mechanism of action.Seventy-two male C57/B6J mice (5-6 weeks old) were randomly divided into five groups: control (NC), sham sepsis (sham), sepsis (Lipopolysaccharide- LPS), sepsis treated with a low dose SFI, and sepsis treated with a high dose SFI. Sepsis was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of LPS. Myocardial tissue samples were collected from different groups at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h post-LPS injection. Myocardial injury was examined using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and TUNEL staining. Western-blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), BH3 interacting-domain death agonist (Bid), truncated-Bid (t-Bid) and caspase-9 in all the groups. Moreover, the structural changes in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes were also observed by transmission electron microscopy.HE staining revealed structural damage, local necrosis, interstitial edema, inflammatory cell infiltration and vacuolar changes in the myocardial tissue in the sepsis (LPS) group; almost intact myocardial tissue was observed in the high dose SFI group with improvements in interstitial edema and inflammatory cell infiltration. We observed that LPS-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis was significantly improved with high dose SFI as compared with sepsis (LPS) group (P ˂ 0.05). LPS was found to decrease the protein expression of Bcl-2 and increase the level of Bid, t-Bid and caspase-9. Treatment with SFI significantly increased the Bcl-2 protein expression (P ˂ 0.05) and decreased the protein expression of Bid, t-Bid and caspase-9 as compared with LPS group (P ˂ 0.05). Markedly swollen myocardial mitochondria with partial vacuolation were observed in LPS treated mice while SFI treatment was found to significantly improve the LPS-induced morphological damage of the mitochondria.In conclusion, we demonstrate that SFI protects against sepsis-induced myocardial injury in mice through the suppression of myocardial apoptosis. It upregulates the protein expression of Bcl-2 and downregulates the protein expression of Bid, t-Bid and caspase-9, and alleviates sepsis-induced mitochondrial damage.

The underwater glider platform is equipped with a mass block adjustment system, which can directly control the roll angle and pitch angle through mass block adjustment, and indirectly control the heading angle through the coupling of profile motion. As the underwater glider energy and space limitations drive the low power and low frequency control, it will inevitably lead to the underwater glider attitude adjustment process is subject to the delay problem of mass motion state signal feedback, the delay time and the nonlinear and coupling characteristics fused together more likely to cause the instability of the control system. In this paper, the time delay problem in the attitude control of underwater glider is summarized as a class of nonlinear stability problems with time delay parameters. The HOPF bifurcation phenomenon caused by the time delay parameter is discussed, and the critical time delay conditions for HOPF bifurcation generation are given. The effect of the time delay parameter on the bifurcation direction and the stability of the periodic solution is analyzed using the central flow pattern method. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified by numerical simulation, which provides a theoretical basis for the platform stability control and drive system design of the underwater glider.

Eutrophic aquaculture ponds are important methane (CH

Objectives Modification of lysine 4 on histone H3 methylation by SET1 and MLL family methyltransferase complexes is tightly linked to cancer progression. DPY30 is an important subunit of SET1 and MLL complexes, however, its expression and roles in cancer progression was little known, especially in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Materials and Methods The Q-PCR and IHC were performed to detect the levels of DPY30 mRNA and protein in CCA tissues. Effect of DPY30 knockdown on the proliferation of CCA cells was detected by MTS and colony formation, and cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometer. The glucose uptake, lactate release and ATP production assays were performed to detect the glycolysis of CCA cells. Results The level of DPY30 mRNA and protein in CCA tissues were all significantly higher than that of pericancer tissues, and its upregulation was closely associated with pathological differentiation, tumor size, and TNM stage. In addition, Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival revealed that DPY30 upregulation was significantly associated with poor survival, and univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that it was an independently prognosis factor in CCA patients. Moreover, DPY30 knockdown inhibited in-vitro growth and induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M and decreased glycolysis in CCA cells. Conclusions DPY30 upregulation may promote the development of CCA and was associated with the aggressive malignant behavior and poor survival outcome of CCA patients. DPY30 might serve as a potential novel target for treatment of CCA patients.

Mineral spring water is a top quality potable groundwater resource formed by long-term groundwater-rock interaction in aquifer. Mineral spring water is rich in minerals and trace elements which are beneficial for human health. Given the current serious water pollution and environment deterioration, it is of great significance to re-recognize the ecological and health effects of mineral water based on new scientific and technological achievement. The Wudalianchi scenic area in Heilongjiang Province has abundant mineral water and peloid resources, which supported the development of tourism and convalescence and have been used in medical and health care for more than 100 years. However, it is threatened by resource reduction, environmental pollution, and other problems. Here, we reviewed the formation process, distribution, hydro-biochemical characteristics and health effects of the Wudalianchi mineral springs, with particular focus on the advances of microbial studies in this area. We also proposed the future research prospective for the Wudalianchi mineral water. To better protect and utilize the Wudalianchi mineral water, it was recommended that a green eco-agriculture practice in reducing chemical fertilizers should be adapted in the surrounding farms of Wudalianchi. Along with the development of tourism and recuperation resources, it is necessary to establish a framework of pollution risk assessment and control, and strictly reduce potential emerging pollutants to eco-geological environment.矿泉水是地下水从含水层中经长期与岩石相互作用形成、富含有益于人体的丰富矿物质和微量元素的一类顶级饮用地下水资源.在水资源污染严重而且生态环境不断恶化的今天,基于新的科技认知手段重新认识矿泉水的生态和健康效应,具有重要意义.黑龙江省五大连池风景区拥有着五大连池旅游疗养业赖以生存和发展的优质矿泉水资源,并且被应用于医疗和保健方面已有百余年历史,但是面临着资源量减少、环境污染等问题的威胁.本文主要针对五大连池矿泉水的形成过程、分布规律、水化学和微生物特征及其健康效应等进行综合评述,侧重其微生物特征的研究进展,提出了未来五大连池矿泉的研究展望.为了更好地保护和利用五大连池矿泉水,建议五大连池周边农场发展绿色生态农业,减少化肥的施用;在开发旅游和疗养资源的同时,要严格建立污染风险的评估和管控体系,减少“新型”环境污染物对地质生态环境的可能污染.

The Higgs Triplet Model (HTM) predicts the existences of the extra neutral scalars H i (H i = H, A) and the charged Higgs bosons (H ± and H ±±). In this work, we make a systematic investigation for the associated production of the singly-charged and neutral Higgs bosons via the processes: $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow H^{+}W^{-}H$ and $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow H^{+}W^{-}A$ . From the numerical evaluations for the production cross sections and relevant phenomenological analysis we find that (i) the production rates of these processes can reach the level of several fb with reasonable parameter values; (ii) due to the large production rates and small backgrounds, the signals of these scalars might be detected via these processes at the future ILC experiments; and (iii) for the case of $m_{H_{i}}> m_{H^{\pm }}> m_{H^{\pm \pm }}$ , the cascade decay modes $H_{i}\to H^{\pm }W^{\mp \ast }$ with $H^{\pm }\to H^{\pm \pm }W^{\mp \ast }$ would lead to production of H ++ H −− accompanied by several virtual W bosons. Such characteristic feature can help us to distinguish the HTM from the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM) and the Minimal Supersymmetric Model (MSSM).

Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions in precipitation are good tracers and can provide unique information about the water cycle. Precipitation samples were collected at the Nanjing, Liyang, Yixing, and Dongshan sites in 2016, and the HDO and H

Background: Molting is a crucial physiological behavior during arthropod growth. In the past few years, molting as well as chitin biosynthesis triggered by molting, is subject to regulation by miRNAs. However, how many miRNAs are involved in insect molting at the genome-wide level remains unknown. Results: We deeply sequenced four samples obtained from nymphs at the 2nd-3rd and 4th-5th instars, and then identified 61 miRNAs conserved in the Arthropoda and 326 putative novel miRNAs in the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens, a fearful pest of rice. A total of 36 mature miRNAs with significant different expression levels at the genome scale during molting, including 19 conserved and 17 putative novel miRNAs were identified. After comparing the expression profiles, we found that most of the targets of 36 miRNAs showing significantly differential expression were involved in energy and hormone pathways. One of the 17 putative novel miRNAs, nlu-miR-173 was chosen for functional study. nlu-miR-173 acts in 20-hydroxyecdysone signaling through its direct target, N. lugens Ftz-F1(NlFtz-F1), a transcription factor. Furthermore, we found that the transcription of nlu-miR-173 was promoted by Broad-Complex (BR-C), suggesting that its involvement in the 20-hydroxyecdysone pathway contributes to proper molting function. Conclusion: We provided a comprehensive resource of miRNAs associated with insect molting and identified a novel miRNA as a potential target for pest control.

The study aims to explore the effects of different levels of haemoglobin (Hb) on early cerebral metabolism in patients with postoperative severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) .Fifty-nine patients were randomly divided into catheter oxygen group and ventilator-assisted respiratory group. Each group was subsequently divided into three subgroups basing on different Hb level: Hb ≤ 70 g/L subgroup, 71 g/L ≤ Hb≤90 g/L subgroup and Hb ≥ 91 g/L subgroup. The blood samples from the femoral artery and the affected side internal jugular vein were, respectively, taken at the same time from the patient after postoperative 3 days.The incidence of anaemia after severe TBI operation was 88.14%. The VADL and cerebral glucose uptake (CMRglu) in both Hb ≤ 70 g/L and 71 g/L ≤ Hb≤90 g/L patients of oxygen catheter group were less than that in Hb ≥ 91 g/L patients. In the ventilator-assisted breathing group, the VADL and CMRglu of 71 g/L ≤ Hb≤90 g/L patients and Hb ≥ 91 g/L patients were lower than those in Hb ≤ 70 g/L patients. The result from comparing the two 71 g/L ≤ Hb ≤ 90 g/L subgroups showed that the brain metabolic indexs in the ventilator-assisted breathing group were better than those in the catheter oxygen group.In severe TBI postoperative patients, Hb≤90 g/L induced decrease in aerobic oxidation in brain tissue. Moreover, for the same Hb level of 71 g/L ≤ Hb≤90 g/L, ventilator-assisted breathing significantly improved cerebral metabolism.

UNLABELLED Clostridium sporogenes ATCC 3584 is an obligate anaerobe that has been reported to possess excellent tumour-targeting capacity. Here, we use Cl. sporogenes as a vector to deliver IL-12, a potent antitumour cytokine that bears numerous antitumour properties but that has limited clinical applications due to its strong toxicity when delivered systemically. In this study, Cl. sporogenes was genetically engineered to secrete murine IL-12, and its antitumour efficacy and toxicity were investigated in a murine EMT6 mammary carcinoma model. After intravenous injection, Cl. sporogenes was able to selectively settle and reproduce in the tumours without encroaching on normal tissues, resulting in a clear delay of tumour growth and a 14·3% cure rate. Importantly, the mice showed no obvious toxicity-associated side effects, such as diarrhoea and weight loss, during the treatment process. The significant antitumour efficacy and low toxicity of this treatment may be explained by the selective tumour-targeting properties of Cl. sporogenes and by the sustained release of IL-12 accompanying bacterial proliferation. This moderate local IL-12 concentration would not induce the severe response in the entire body, that is inevitable when IL-12 is administered directly. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a potent antitumour cytokine, but it is toxic when administrated systemically. This study demonstrates that murine IL-12 can be systemically delivered to hypoxic sites in solid tumours by Clostridium sporogenes, producing a clear delay in tumour growth and a 14·3% cure rate in a mouse tumour model. Importantly, there is no obvious toxicity associated with IL-12 during the treatment process. This result may be accounted for by the excellent tumour-targeting capacity of Cl. sporogenes, targeting IL-12 directly to the tumour site instead of to the entire body.

The collision dynamics of deuterium molecule with excited-state nitrogen atom has been investigated at a state-to-state dynamic level by using the real wave packet method. The energy-dependent beha...

In order to carry out effective management on the operation of loom, a new approach is proposed to predict the operating condition of the loom. Firstly, the mathematical basis of Bayesian network is made, so a kind of abbreviated forecasting formula is proposed. Secondly, Bayesian model is made to predict the operating condition of the loom, and the related parameters of the model are estimated by processing real time data in the process of loom production. The practice has shown that the Bayesian prediction model has good results, and Bayesian network is more fit for the operating condition of the loom, which is of great value to judge the operating condition of the loom.

The state space expression can be deduced by establishing the mathematical model of inverted pendulum system. In this paper, linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is used to control the inverted pendulum system, providing better balance between system robustness stability and rapidity. The simulation structure shows that the better the system anti-interference capability is, the shorter its recovery time is. Good control effect can be achieved by applying linear quadratic optimal control in the control of double inverted pendulum balancing system.