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In his “Critique of Violence,” Walter Benjamin seeks to rethink justice as the interruption of the juridical temporality, which is characterized by the relationship between means and ends. Benjamin imagines a form of violence that finds in itself its own criterion of rightness: divine violence emerges as a third kind of violence beyond both the state’s monopoly of violence and the binary opposition between violence and non-violence. I will read Benjamin in the historical-political context of the crisis of the state, democracy and parliamentarism in order to develop the idea of divine violence as a practice that interrupts the means-end relation and defends new forms of togetherness that are anticipated in the moment of a struggle.

This article depicts the heat and mass transport of the double-diffusive convective flow of Walter-B viscoelastic fluid in highly permeable porous media with an internal heat source. We used weakly nonlinear analysis to quantify the nature of heat and mass transport using the Ginzburg–Landau equation. The Ginzburg–Landau equation has been derived in terms of the amplitude of the stream function. The effect of physical parameters has been examined on Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, which has represented graphically. According to the boundary condition, we have discussed the four scenarios based on the phase angles. Our study has demonstrated that internal heat plays a significant role in heat transfer processes. Furthermore, the elastic parameter leads to a transient augmentation in the heat and mass transfer rate. The main output of the current study is that the highest transport was found when both the modulations were put in out-phase condition (Scenario 1).

Daqhughi's story in Masnavi Manavi is a multi-layered narrative that can be analyzed from different angles due to its fluid structure. One such analysis is to understand the features of mystical experience that constitute the essence of this parable. The mystical experience involves moments of fascination and vision in which a person experiences an extraordinary journey and is in communion with the transcendent world. Many intellectuals in the field of mystical philosophy have tried to understand the nature of this phenomenon. Among them, William James and Walter Stace stand out as prominent theorists who have described the characteristics of this phenomenon. The scientific and theoretical framework they created for recognizing elements of mystical experiences can shed light on even the most complex of these experiences. The mystical experiences depicted in Daqhughi's story possess identifiable features, and their ambiguities can be resolved using this theoretical framework. Characteristics such as inexpressibility, paradoxes, unity in vision, a sense of blessing, objectivity, and an epistemological quality are evident in the story. At the onset of his experience, Daqhughi perceives the unity within multiplicity—a perception that appears paradoxical amid successive transformations. His experience bears an epistemological quality, and while recognizing it as profoundly blessed, Daqhughi also acknowledges its inexpressibility. Therefore, the primary goal of this essay is to offer an alternative interpretation of this symbolic allegory through the lens of mystical experiences as described by theorists. However, it's important to note that not all features are present in this narrative; for instance, transiency is notably absent from this allegory.

In his 'Towards the Critique of Violence', Walter Benjamin introduces the concept of 'educative violence' as a contemporary manifestation of 'divine violence'. In this paper, we aim to interpret 'educative violence' by examining other instances where the young Benjamin addresses pedagogical issues. By connecting the concept of divine violence to Benjamin's ideas of education in tradition and of the schooling of Geist, our goal is twofold: firstly, to comprehend the productive role that violence may play in the pedagogical context, and secondly, to apply it to the conception of schooling presented by Jan Masschelein and Maarten Simons to highlight its relevance to school education. By linking scholastic violence to divine violence, we argue that schools must be defended not despite but because of the violence they inhere. In doing so, we contribute another layer to the defense of the school and offer fresh insights into Benjamin's notion of divine violence.

Recent scientists and engineers have keen interest for nanomaterial flow across the globe. It is because of the fact that nanomaterials possess innovative characteristics that have gained considerable attention for their involvement in medicine, automobiles, metal spinning, heat transfer and storage devices, power generation, renewable energy and many others. Heat transfer rate has key role regarding finishing and quality of end product. With such consideration the present communication analyzes magnetohydrodynamic bioconvective flow of Walter-B nanoliquid. Flow is generated by stretching surface. Gyrotactic microorganisms in presence of first order reaction is discussed. Energy expression comprises Brownian movement, magnetohydrodynamics, thermophoresis, thermal radiation and dissipation characteristics. Innovative features (random movement and thermophoresis) of Buongiorno's model are deliberated. Entropy minimization rate is under consideration. Soret effect in first order reactive flow is considered. Bejan number is calculated. Dimensionless ordinary expressions are developed through suitable transformations. Optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM) is invoked for convergence purposes. Total and individual residual errors have been computed through OHAM which guarantees the solutions convergence. Graphical analysis for entropy rate, microorganism field, liquid motion, temperature, Bejan number and concentration is arranged. In addition, the analysis for skin friction, motile density number and Nusselt and Sherwood numbers is organized. Here velocity and Bejan number decreased against larger magnetic field whereas opposite scenerio witnessed regarding thermal field and entropy rate. Decrease in liquid motion occurs through viscoelastic variable while an increasing effect seen for thermal transport rate. Higher Prandtl number lead to intensify the thermal transport rate. Nusselt number and entropy rate for radiation have similar response qualitatively when compared with concentration through higher Soret number.

AbstractPrevalence of hypertension is increasing to higher levels in South Africa. Anthropometric measures for obesity are well known to predict the development of hypertension. However, the relationship between mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and blood pressure (BP) is scant in South African communities such as universities. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the correlation between MUAC and BP among the community of Walter Sisulu University (WSU). A total of 230 participants from WSU (students and staff members), 113 females and 117 males aged ≥ 18 years participated in this cross-sectional study. MUAC, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured using standard procedures. In a Pearson’s correlation analysis, MUAC was positively correlated with SBP and DBP in both women (SBP; r = 0.53, P< 0.001; DBP; r = 0.45 P

As one of the most literary and transdisciplinary cultural practices, speculative design has become one of the best mediums for discussing emerging technologies, the Anthropocene and the ecological crisis. When design history is merely perceived as established knowledge about the past and fails to engage in dialogue with reality or individual interaction, it often struggles to inspire students' agency in learning and willingness to deep involvement in research. Alternative design history, however, serves as a type and method of historiography that actively constructs history and alternatively imagines the past. It aims to situate historical knowledge as the context for design problem exploration rather than an end goal of education. This approach guides educators and learners to co-speculate on historical design knowledge. By 'reversing' specific elements of historical experience, such as gender mentioned in this article, and employing alternative imagination to form what-if scenarios and pose inquiries about existing historical facts, a distinct form of 'counterfactual history' emerges that diverges notably from traditional design history. Throughout speculation within 'counterfactual history', students can distinguish between historical facts and realities, which enables students to comprehend the construction of historical knowledge, the individuality of historical narratives, and the standpoint of historical discourse. In this way, it helps students cultivate a historical interest that 'starts from the self', guiding them to foster resilient historical thinking and a critical awareness of reality.

Background: The higher education (HE) policy framework identifies funding inter alia as one of the steering mechanisms, for the transformation of HE in South Africa. However, the role of monitoring and evaluation (ME) in facilitating this transformation is still emerging. While the instrumental use of evaluation findings is common, research on how process use can also play a critical role in facilitating sector change is missing. Objectives: The study investigated the use of process evaluations in enhancing the performance of the University Capacity Development Grant in a previously disadvantaged institution in the Eastern Cape province. Method: Purposive sampling was used as a method to select the participants. The case study design, interpretive paradigm and qualitative methods approach were adopted, and data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews, focus groups and document review. The study sampled 17 participants, including the Department of Higher Education and Training officials, the University Capacity Development Programme (UCDP) management and two staff focus groups. Results: If process use is to be strengthened, the evaluation process must be highly adaptable to specific programmatic circumstances and organisational contexts. Conclusion: Evaluation process use, in its practical form, must go beyond issues of participation from an individual perspective and include organisational and stakeholder management for effective implementation. Contribution: The study’s results are pivotal as they would assist different organisations worldwide that are running similar projects as the UCDP but have not yet understood the benefits that would be obtained by key stakeholders involved in an evaluation process.

This essay offers an archipelagic reading of Walter Mosley’s detective novel Down the River Unto the Sea (2018). I argue that the spatial imaginary of the novel constitutes a layered map of the Americas that registers continental visions of the US nation-state but cognitively remaps and breaks up this space into various archipelagic constellations. I read the novel as contributing to a specifically African American mode of the archipelagic, which I trace along two trajectories: a focus on carceral archipelagos and im/mobilities, and a negotiation between what David Chandler and Jonathan Pugh have called “interstitial” geographies, which focus on relationality, and “abyssal” geographies, which posit and critique antiblackness as the world’s foundational violence. In my reading, both trajectories sit firmly within the concerns of archipelagic studies but significantly extend the paradigm’s scope. The first trajectory depicts the US nation-state both as imperial continent and as racialized carceral archipelago and sets these layers off against visions of fugitive archipelagos that afford Mosley’s characters temporary islands of safety or respite, but never grant them the contiguity that undergirds Western fantasies of nation-state sovereignty. The second trajectory employs both interstitial and abyssal analytics to address the question what an "imagined community" can mean in a starkly antiblack world. Via the intertwined stories of two protagonists, the detective Joe King Oliver and the prisoner A Free Man, Mosley’s novel envisions African American responses to systemic betrayal within the US—being sold Down the River—and pushes, geographically and ideologically, beyond constellations of the nation-state and citizenship—Unto the Sea.

Walter Brendel was a physiologist who headed the Institut of Experimental Surgery at the University of Munich (LMU) from 1961 until 1989. His legendary career began with the development of an anti-human lymphocyte globulin (ALG) at his Institute during the late 1960s. The initial successful treatment of a small number of patients culminated in the co-treatment of the first successfully heart-transplanted patient in Capetown, South Africa (successful reversal with ALG of an acute allograft rejection). Walter Brendel was a pioneering personality whose work has laid a wide platform for the promotion of interdisciplinarily conducted innovative research programs in various domains of translational science and medicine. Among the many innovative achievements, the most notable are: discovery of involvement of the alternative pathway of complement activation in hyperacute xenograft rejection; induction of immunological tolerance to horse IgG as a means to prevent anaphylactic reactions during ALG therapy; development and clinical implementation of the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for extracorporeal destruction of renal and ureteral calculi. The legacy of Brendel continues with the foundation of the Walter-Brendel Kolleg für Transplantationsmedizin (i.e., the German Transplant School for Transplantation Medicine), which has been held annually since 1994.

Scuola di nudo (1994) è uno dei romanzi più significativi degli anni Novanta, sia perché segna l’esordio romanzesco di uno scrittore lucido e impietoso come Walter Siti, aprendo la strada ad un genere, quello autofinzionale, in Italia non ancora praticato, sia perché è un’opera in grado di cogliere e rappresentare il particolare momento storico in cui viene scritto. Questo articolo si propone di interpretare Scuola di nudo come romanzo di una doppia mutazione: quella personale che segna per Walter Siti il passaggio dalla scrittura in versi a quella in prosa; e quella collettiva (antropologica) che investe la società italiana tra la fine degli anni Ottanta e gli anni Novanta, e che si accompagna a un radicale cambiamento di postura dell’intellettuale verso la realtà, pienamente incarnato dal protagonista del romanzo.

After Walter Bruno Henning’s untimely death in Berkeley (CA, USA) in 1967, his work materials, correspondence, and personal library seem to have remained in his home for some years. Contemporaries of Henning’s were convinced that his estate contained unpublished work of great value, and complained, sometimes bitterly, that they were prevented from making use of them. Yet some materials were in fact sent to colleagues, for at least several years after his death. But after this time, it does not appear that Henning’s unpublished work or other materials continued to be used by other scholars. His Nachlass re-surfaces in 1992 in the Guide to the Archival Materials of the German-speaking Emigration to the United States after 1933, where it is listed as still in Berkeley in the possession of his son-in-law Theodor B. Kahle. By 2008, the Nachlass (including unpublished working materials, correspondence, and personal library) was accessioned by the Deutsches Exilarchiv 1933-1945, part of the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (Frankfurt, Germany). This inventory has been made on the basis of my personal inspection of the entire Nachlass at the Deutsches Exilarchiv during visits in 2022 and 2023.

Com base na tese benjaminiana de que o fundamento filosófico-histórico do barroco é, assim como o do conceito de soberania do século XVII, a afirmação da imanência histórica, o artigo pretende pensar, em diálogo com Carl Schmitt, a experiência barroca nas nossas condições coloniais, tendo como material alguns Sermões de Padre António Vieira.

Abstract Background A high interarm blood pressure difference (IAD) has been identified as a precursor of vascular diseases. Anthropometric measures for obesity such as body circumferences including waist circumference (WC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and neck circumference (NC) have been associated with a high IAD in Western countries. However, the prevalence of IAD and its association with body circumferences in South African communities such as universities is not well established. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the correlation of IAD with selected body circumferences among the Walter Sisulu University (WSU) community. Methods A total of 230 participants, 117 males and 113 females, consisting of 185 students and 45 staff members from WSU, aged 18–27 and 18–63 years respectively, participated in this cross-sectional study. The selected body circumferences: WC, MUAC, and NC were measured using standard procedures. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured in both arms simultaneously using automated machines. IAD was achieved by calculating differences in SBP and DBP between the left (L) and right (R) arms, (R -L), and getting the absolute value, L–R (|L–R|). Results 14.78% of the participants had an interarm SBP difference (IASBPD) ≥ 10 mmHg, and 4.35% of participants had an interarm DBP difference (IADBPD) ≥ 10 mmHg. In a Pearson’s correlation analysis, IASBPD was positively correlated with the selected body circumferences (WC, r = 0.29; P