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HfxZr1−xO2 (HZO) ceramics with x = 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction technique. Structural studies of the synthesized stoichiometric compounds were done by X-ray diffraction. The microstructure/morphology and composition of ceramics were obtained with field emission-scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray, respectively. Impedance spectroscopic studies were done to study the temperature-dependent and frequency-dependent dielectric properties. The dielectric constants at 10 kHz of HfxZr1−xO2 ceramics were increased from 17 to 40 with Hf varying from 0.25 to 0.75 at ambient conditions. Ferroelectric studies were also done on these compositions with the help of a polarization-electric field plot and are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A robust, affordable and portable light emitting diode‐based diagnostic tools (POLS‐NIRDx) using a polarization‐sensitive (linear as well as circular polarization) technique were designed and developed to quantify the degree of linear polarization (DOLP), degree of circular polarization (DOCP). The study was performed on malignant (invasive ductal carcinoma) and adjacent normal ex‐vivo biopsy tissues excised from N = 10 patients at the operating wavelengths of 850 and 940 nm. The average DOLP and DOCP values were lower for malignant than adjacent normal while operating at 850 and 940 nm. The highest accuracy was observed for DOLP (100%) and DOCP (80%) while operating at 850 nm, which reduced (80% for DOLP and 65% for DOCP) at 940 nm. This pilot study can be utilized as a differentiating factor to delineate malignant tissues from adjacent normal tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]