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In this work, a simple and facile approach was employed for the preparation of the ternary hybrids comprising of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and graphitic nitride (designated as TZG-TH) with varying compositions of the components. In the context of complex and multi-stages involved for preparation of many of the THs in the literature, the present work uses the much simpler mythology for the preparation of TH. Nanofluids (NF) were formulated in ethylene glycol: water base fluid using TZG TH as the solid particles. Scanning electron microscope of TZG TH informs that the particles are agglomerated. High resolution transmission electron microscopy image of TZG-TH reveals the presence narrowly distributed spherical particles (having the sizes in the range 40 nm–100 nm) in sheet like structure The core level X-ray photoelectron spectrum of carbon and nitrogen elements reveal the existence of sp2 -bonded C in the CN and pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen in TZG-TH. X-ray diffraction patterns of TZG TH show the existence of anatase and hexagonal phase wurtzite crystalline structure in TH. The thermo-physical properties were determined for of the THNFs in order to elucidate the influence of compositions of the component and concentration ofof TZG-TH on the thermophysical properties. The TZG TH containing larger proportions of ZnO showed the maximum of 9.11 % and 12.1 % higher increase in viscosity than the binary and base fluid, respectively. The density of TZG THs varies from 1.079 to 1.095 cp, which is closer to the base fluid. The influence of TZG TH composition on refractive index and ultrasonic velocity indicates the existence of molecular level interactions between the nanoparticles in the TH and base fluid. The ∼210 % thermal conductivity enhancement was witnessed for the TZG TH, which is significantly higher than that of ZnO mono NF (26.9%) and TiO2 mono NF (33.0%). The influence of composition and concentration of TZG- TH on molecular interaction parameters like adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, free volume, internal pressure and specific acoustic impedance are reported. The TZG TH based NF showed adequate dispersion stability as inferred from dynamic light scattering and UV–visible spectroscopy results. The results on TZG TH included THNF are new to the literature and would be helpful in exploring multifunctional properties with heat transfer capabilities for applications.

Building the brain-inspired neural network computing system based neuromorphic electronics is an effective approach to break the von Neumann bottleneck on the hardware level and realize the information processing with high efficiency and low energy consumption in this big data explosion age. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has two functions of sensing and energy conversion, which promote the application as sensor and/or power supply in self-powered neuromorphic electronics for data storage and biological synapse/neuron behaviors mimicking. This article highlights the relevant works of TENGs for memory devices, artificial synapses and artificial neurons, performs a systematic comparison, and puts forward the future research possibilities and challenges, with the hope of attracting more researchers into this field and promoting the development of TENG based neuromorphic electronics.

In this work, an Au modified Bi2O3-TiO2 (Au/Bi2O3-TiO2) hybrid is developed as a simple and effective photocatalyst for the production of H2O2. The modification of Bi2O3 improves the charge separation of photocatalyst and significantly enhances the photocatalytic activity of Au/TiO2 for H2O2 production. In-situ electron spin resonance studies shows stepwise single-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the Au/Bi2O3-TiO2 photocatalyst for the production of H2O2. This work demonstrates the importance of heterojunction structure photocatalyst for improved performance of TiO2 in order to produce concentrated H2O2.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is widely used as a detection method in scientific research fields. However, the method for creating SERS substrates often requires expensive equipment and involves a complex process. Additionally, preserving and effectively utilizing SERS substrates in the long term poses a challenging problem. In order to address these issues, we propose a new method for creating SERS substrates on various types of paper using a combination of a ballpoint pen and 3D printing. This method ensures a high enhancement factor and maximizes the utilization of the substrate. We achieved an enhancement factor of up to 8.2 × 108 for detecting R6G molecules, with a relative standard deviation of 11.13% for the Raman peak at 612 cm−1 of R6G, demonstrating excellent SERS sensitivity and spectral reproducibility. Furthermore, we successfully detected thiram at a concentration as low as 10−8, which is lower than both the Chinese national standard and European standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]