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A 58-year-old female patient diagnosed with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) in the left eye had full vision in both eyes, and intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12/15 mmHg with brimonidine-timolol fixed combination in the left eye. The mean retinal nerve fiber thicknesses were 93/56 µm. There was pseudoexfoliation in the left eye, the anterior chamber was shallow, its angle was Shaffer Grade 3. The mean deviation value in the left eye in the visual field was -26.59. Maximum medical treatment was initiated upon progression. The patient's IOP was 8/8 mmHg and progression was still continuing in the left eye on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Surgery was planned for her left eye and gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) was performed. In the follow-ups, the left eye's IOP was 10 mmHg without medication and there was no progression. After GATT, peripapillary capillary density increased with OCTA and visual field enlargement was observed. Cataract surgery was performed in the first year after GATT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess multifocal electroretinogram (mf-ERG) values in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) who were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR). Methods: Thirty eyes of patients with DME, who underwent three consecutive monthly injections of IVR and as required thereafter, were evaluated. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (log MAR), optical coherence tomography (OCT) features [diameters of cyst and subretinal fluid, hyperreflective dots (HRDs)], and mf-ERG were evaluated at baseline, 1 month, and 6 months throughout the follow-up period. The correlation of mf-ERG values and OCT features, BCVA, and the duration of disease were investigated. Results: In the study group, the baseline P1 and N1 amplitudes were significantly lower than the control group, and P1 and N1 implicit times were significantly higher in patients with DME than in the control group in all rings (All p<0.05) The mean response density (P1 amplitude, nV/deg2) values increased over 6 months in rings 1, 2, and 3 (p<0.001, p=0.003, p=0.006). There was a negative correlation between the diameter of the cyst and the initial response density of P1 (for horizontal diameter: r=-0.658, p=0.03; for vertical diameter: r=-0.597, p=0.037; for the area of the cyst, r=-0.603, p=0.021). There was a significant negative correlation between the subretinal fluid and HRD reduction and the response density of P1 increase (all p<0.05). At baseline and 6 months, the correlation between BCVA and the P1 and N1 amplitude of the central ring was significant (for baseline P1: r=-0.649, p=0.01; for N1: r=-0.575, p=0.02; for 6-month P1, r=-0.603, p<0.001; for N1: r=-0.591, p=0.005). Conclusion: The combination of OCT and mf-ERG can be used to evaluate the functional recovery in DME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of phacoemulsification (PE) on intraocular pressure (IOP) control and bleb type in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) patients with filtering blebs. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one PXG patients with filtering blebs who underwent uncomplicated PE were evaluated. Those with less than 2 years between trabeculectomy and phacoemulsification surgeries were classified as group 1, those with more than 2 years were classified as group 2. The study evaluated the patients’ IOP and glaucoma medication use before and after surgeries, including measurements taken at various intervals up to three years post-surgery. Bleb types and surgical success were evaluated at before and 1 year after PE. Surgical success was defined as IOP levels between 5 and 18 mmHg without the use of any antiglaucoma medication (complete success) or with the use of antiglaucoma medications (qualified success). Patients who underwent glaucoma surgery after PE were considered unsuccessful. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the first month after PE and the last visit in terms of IOP and medications (p=0.010; p<0.001). Complete and qualified success was higher in Group 2 at the last visit. The most common bleb type before PE was diffuse (58.1%), while after PE it was flat (51.6%). Conclusions: Early cataract surgery may be a better option for PXG patients with filtering blebs before the need for trabeculectomy arises, as cataract surgery can negatively impact the functioning of the bleb. Careful management of cataract progression is crucial in optimizing long-term visual and glaucoma management outcomes in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of our study is to investigate the effect of episcleral cauterization during conjunctival autograft surgery on subconjunctival fibrovascular reaction in rabbit eyes. Methods: Twenty-four healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into Control Group ( n = 12) and Cautery Group ( n = 12). In the Control Group, a 4 × 4 mm free conjunctival graft was elevated, the underlying Tenon's capsule was excised, and the free graft was sutured back to its original place with 10-0 nylon sutures. In the Cautery Group, in addition to the same surgical steps, the episclera was cauterized with six gentle touches before the conjunctival graft was sutured back to its original place. The scleroconjunctival block of the operated area was excised at the first month. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosine and Masson trichrome and were evaluated using light microscopy. Results: Subconjunctival collagen fibers were increased, and the fibroblast density increased more significantly in the Cautery Group than in the Control Group. The groups were similar regarding vascularization, lymphocytic, and plasmocytic infiltration. Macrophage density was normal in all animals in both groups. Conclusion: Our histopathological examinations indicate that cauterization seems to lead to an increase in subconjunctival fibrosis at the first postoperative month in rabbit eyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate and to compare the results of primary and secondary scleral-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantations in adult patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of scleral-fixated PCIOLs-implanted during (primary group) or after (secondary group) cataract surgery was performed. The median follow-up time of 96 patients was 6 months (minimum: 6; maximum: 35 months). Outcome measures were indications, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), change in visual acuity and complications. Results: A total of 37 patients (38.5%) had primary implantations and 59 (61.5%) had secondary implantations. Penetrating keratoplasty was combined with secondary implantation in 13 cases. The median post-operative CDVA was 0.5 in decimal notation in both groups (P = 0.576). The CDVA improved by at least one Snellen line or remained unchanged in 35 eyes (94.6%) in the primary group and in 52 eyes (88.1%) in the secondary group (P = 0.263). Eyes with CDVA of 0.5 or higher were 62.2% (n = 23) in the primary group and 67.8% (n = 40) in the secondary group post-operatively (P = 0.066). The difference in early and late complications were not statistically significant between groups (P = 0.637, P = 0.154, respectively). Regarding late complications, 30 eyes (81%) in the primary group and 40 eyes (67.9%) in the secondary group had no complications (P = 0.154). Conclusion: Both primary and secondary scleral-fixated PCIOL implantations can provide favorable visual outcomes with lower complication rates. An important consideration is the appropriate timing for scleral fixation, taking into account the patient's characteristics and the course of the operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]