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Aphanogmus kretschmanni Moser sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8848B3FB-DC1D-465C-9E67-284EE86BB4CA Figs 1–3 Diagnosis (female) The female has seven conspicuous spines in two rows along the ventral edge of the 7 th metasomal sternite, with two spines next to each other in the 1st and 5th position. Etymology The specific name is a patronym for Winfried Kretschmann, the current Minister-President of the state of Baden-Württemberg (Germany), to honour his scientific curiosity and commitment to preserving biodiversity in his political environment. Type material Holotype GERMANY • ♀ (the holotype is missing the right fore- and mid-tarsus); Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen, Hirschau, Riedweingärten, plot number 4400; 48.504817° N, 8.985067° E; 375 m a.s.l.; 29 Aug.–12 Sep. 2014; Kothe T., Engelhardt M., Bartsch D. leg.; Malaise trap; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000227. The 3D model of the holotype, which serves as a cybertype, as well as the original CT image series are available online through MorphoSource (CT image series: https://doi.org/10.17602/M2/ M449721; full habitus mesh: https://doi.org/10.17602/M2/M449724; post-edited full habitus mesh https://doi.org/10.17602/M2/M449727). Paratypes GERMANY • 1 ♀ (in immaculate condition); Baden-Württemberg, Enzkreis, Königsbach-Stein, NSG 2.119 Beim Steiner Mittelberg; 48.970371° N, 8.659000° E; 181 m a.s.l.; 22 May–5 Jun. 2019; Entomologischer Verein Krefeld e. V. 1905 leg.; Malaise trap; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Hym_027509 • 1 ♀ (in immaculate condition); Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen, Hirschau, Oberes Tal, plot number 4244; 48.505033° N, 8.993467° E; 368 m a.s.l.; 17–31 Jul. 2014; Kothe T., Engelhardt M., Bartsch D. leg.; Malaise trap; ZFMK SMNS_Hym_Cer_000647 • 1 ♀ (in immaculate condition); Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen, Hirschau, Oberes Tal, plot number 4244; 48.505033° N, 8.993467° E; 368 m a.s.l.; 29 Aug.–12 Sep. 2014; Kothe T., Engelhardt M., Bartsch D. leg.; Malaise trap; ZSM SMNS_Hym_Cer_000648. Additional material examined GERMANY • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 6–20 Jun. 2014; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000408 • 1 ♀; Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen, Hirschau, Oberes Tal, plot number 4244; 48.505033° N, 8.993467° E; 368 m a.s.l.; 17–31 Jul. 2014; Kothe T., Engelhardt M., Bartsch D. leg.; Malaise trap; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000425 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: SMNS_1179430; GenBank: OP722468; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000467 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: SMNS_1179432; GenBank: OP722465; SMNS SMNS_ Hym_Cer_000468 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: SMNS_1179434, GenBank: OP722466; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000470 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: SMNS_1179433; GenBank: OP722464; UNHP SMNS_Hym_Cer_000469 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; UNHP SMNS_Hym_Cer_000488 • 2 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 29 Aug.–12 Sep. 2014; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000440 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000464 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: SMNS_1179428; GenBank: OP722469; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000465 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; BOLD Sample ID: SMNS_1179429; GenBank: OP722462; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000466 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 12–26 Sep. 2014; BOLD Sample ID: SMNS_1177257; GenBank: OP722467; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000445 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000446 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 26 Sep.–9 Oct. 2014; BOLD Sample ID: SMNS_1177266; GenBank: OP722463; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000451 • 1 ♀; Baden-Württemberg, Karlsruhe, Östringen, NSG 2.217 Apfelberg, plot number 9836; 49.167541° N, 8.790300° E; 181 m a.s.l.; 16–30 Jul. 2019; Entomologischer Verein Krefeld e. V. 1905 leg.; Malaise trap; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000543 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 27 Aug.–10 Sep. 2019; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Hym_027357 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 10–24 Sep. 2019; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000571 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 24 Sep.–8 Oct. 2019; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000544 • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 8–22 Oct. 2019; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Hym_027358. • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Cer_000649 • 4 ♀; Baden-Württemberg, Enzkreis, Königsbach-Stein, NSG 2.119 Beim Steiner Mittelberg; 48.970371° N, 8.659000° E; 181 m a.s.l.; 3–17 Jul. 2019; Entomologischer Verein Krefeld e. V. 1905 leg.; Malaise trap; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Hym_027558. • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 17–31 Jul. 2019; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Hym_027726. • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 28 Aug.–11 Sep. 2019; SMNS SMNS_Hym_Hym_027685. For detailed description of localities, habitats and further material see Supp. file 3. Description COLOURATION. Head dark brown, almost black. Mesosoma dorsally concolourous with head, ventrally dark chestnut brown. Metasoma lighter brown. Scape, distal end of pedicel and tibiae light amber brown, tarsi pale ochre, flagellar segments brown, concolourous with femora, distal flagellar segments slightly darker. Wings entirely hyaline. Wing venation light brown, marginal vein darker, light brown stigmal vein with dark margin. MEASUREMENTS. Total body length is 0.7–1.1 mm (holotype: 1 mm). HEAD. Entire head with imbricate sculpture. Face, frons and eyes covered in short whitish pubescence. Oval in frontal view, 1.1–1.4 (1.3) times as broad as high. Head hypognathous. Truncated in lateral view with preoccipital carina delimiting sharply the deeply concave preoccipital lunula. Preoccipital carina medially interrupted by preoccipital furrow, which fades anteriorly ending inside the ocellar triangle posterior to the median ocellus. Preoccipital furrow as wide anteriorly as posteriorly and crenulate along its entire length. Crenulate occipital carina with continuous median flange. Eyes large, 0.6–0.7 (0.7) times as high as head. Ocellar triangle obtuse, POL:LOL: 1.25; OOL:POL: 0.8. Postocellar carina absent. Preocellar pit present. Anterior ocellar fovea extended ventrally into short facial sulcus reaching dorsal margin of frontal depression.Antennal scrobe present, ventrally delimited by intertorular carina. Clypeus convex and rectangular (1.5 times as broad as high). Supraclypeal depression, subtorular carina, carina delimiting antennal scrobe, frontal ledge and subantennal groove absent. Mandibles with two distinct teeth, without mandibular lancea. Mandible slender, length along ventral edge 3.3 times as long as height of mandible measured in the middle of its length. Maxillae with four palpomeres. ANTENNAE. Antennae with eight flagellar segments. Scape distally with flagellar scrobe. Scape 2.1–3.1 (2.5) times as long as pedicel. Pedicel 1.2 times as long as F1. Scape as long as pedicel, F1 and F2 combined. F1 significantly longer than any segments F2–F7 but shorter than F8; F2 to F7 of similar length. F8 significantly longer than other flagellar segments, longer than F6 and F7 combined. Maximum width of scape 1.6 times maximum width of pedicel. Width of flagellar segments F1–F8 increasing steadily, F8 almost as broad as scape. F1 cylindrical, twice as long as broad; F2 subquadrate, 1.3 times longer than broad; F3–F7 subquadrate; F8 cylindrical, twice as long as broad. MESOSOMA. Mesoscutum, mesoscutellar-axillar complex, pronotum and anterior mesopleural area with imbricate sculpture of flat scutes, lower half of mesometapleuron smooth, upper half with roughly strigate sculpture arising anteriorly from the anterior mesopleural sulcus and the mesometapleural sulcus. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum with numerous short pale setae, axillular carina hemmed with one row of white axillular setae. Mesosoma laterally compressed, 1.2–1.8 (1.6) times as long as broad, 1.4–1.6 (1.5) times as high as broad. Mesoscutum broadest part of mesosoma, maximum mesoscutal width 2.1 times as wide as mesoscutellum. Pronotum triangular in lateral view with transverse pronotal sulcus extending halfway along pronotum. Ventral pronotal pit present. Anterior portion of mesoscutum steeply sloping in lateral view, anteriorly articulating with pronotum at an acute angle. Median mesoscutal sulcus complete and posteriorly reaching transscutal articulation, notauli absent. Mesoscutum posterolaterally delimited by pronounced parascutal carina.Axillar carina pronounced anteriorly but fading posteriorly. Interaxillar sulcus present, extending medially into scutoscutellar sulcus. Axillae distinct in dorsal view. Scutoscutellar sulcus broad and foveate, angled medially and reaching laterally the ventral margin of mesoscutellum. Circumscutellar carina sharply pronounced, lined with numerous axillular setae. Axillula very steep, almost vertical in relation to scutellar disc. Frenal area very short and separated from mesoscutellum by a steeply plunging ridge. Metanotal-propodeal sulcus foveate. Anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex simple and straight, posteriorly extending the mesonotum. Metanotal-propodeal sulcus distinctly scrobiculate. Mesometapleuron roughly triangular, higher than long in lateral view. Posterior edge of mesometapleuron extends into blunt, down-curved spine at fusion point of metapleural carina and ventral metapleural carina. Dorsal mesometapleural carina along its length slightly undulate, interrupted by propodeal spiracle, posteriorly extending into posterior propodeal projection. Ventral metapleural carina distinctly raised, continuing ventrally into raised ventral mesopleural carina and dorsally into metapleural carina.Anterior mesopleural sulcus distinct, separating anterior mesopleural area from rest of mesopleuron. Mesometapleural sulcus extending halfway across mesometapleuron, fading posteriorly. Lateral propodeal carina distinct, crossing propodeal spiracle. Posterior propodeal projections pronounced and rounded. LEGS. Proximal articulation of metacoxa distinctly foveate. Medial side of hind tibia with dense bristles in distal half, first tarsal segment with two rows of bristles medially. Pro-, meso and metatrochanter of similar length. Femur size increasing from pro- to metafemur, mesofemur 1.1 times, metafemur 1.3 times as long as profemur. Metatibia 1.14 times as long as mesotibia and 1.47 times as long as protibia. 5 th tarsomere of hindleg 1.14 times as long as that of midleg and 1.29 times as long as that of foreleg. Tarsi of similar widths. Front and mid tarsal claws are of comparable size, hind tarsal claws slightly larger. WINGS. Forewing very long, 0.73–0.96 mm (0.81 mm), extending distinctly beyond metasoma. Forewing broad, 1.5 times as long as broad. Marginal setae at an acute angle (34.2°) to anterior wing margin. Posterior margin of forewing remarkably straight at level of stigmal vein, slightly sclerotised and without setation proximal to straight part of the wing margin. Marginal vein with triangular elements (sensu Mikó et al. 2018). Translucent break between marginal vein and linear stigma. Stigmal vein uniformly bent, slightly increasing in width posteriorly. Anterio-proximal part of marginal vein lined with jutting setae. Hindwing slender, 4.1 times as long as broad. Posterior margin of hind wing lined with setae, setae 0.23 times as long as maximum width of hind wing, these setae significantly longer than setae on forewing. No venation, wing slightly sclerotised below hamuli. Three hamuli present. WIP of forewing indicates highest thickness of wing membrane below distal portion of the marginal vein posterior to the costal notch and lowest thickness on distal posterior wing margin. WIP of hindwing with large elliptical area of low membrane thickness along the setose distal half of the posterior wing margin. METASOMA. Syntergum margined by transverse carina anteriorly. Syntergum with nine longitudinal striae, present only anteriorly and distributed with subequal distance over width of metasoma. Anterolateral margin of synsternum with distinct foveate carina that converges ventrally in a keel. Ventral edge of 7 th metasomal sternite with seven conspicuous spines in two rows, with two spines next to each other in the most ventral and 5 th position. Syntergum broadest tergite and slightly longer than all other tergites combined. WATERSTON’S EVAPORATORIUM. On metasomal T6 oblong, acrotergal calyx present, distal crenulate carina on T6 present on caudal setal row, submedian patches absent, campaniform sensillae absent, tergal apodeme with sclerotised ridge along inner margin that also transverses the base of the apodeme, tergal apodemes parallel, at most slightly diverging distally, evaporatorium without basomedial constriction. OVIPOSITOR. With a large distance between the anterior angle of the first valvifer (ang) and the intervalvifer articulation (iva). First valvifer angled at the tergo-valvifer articulation (tva), therefore appearing convex. First valvifer not subdivided. Tva situated approximately in the middle of the posterior margin of the first valvifer (1vf). Basal line of the second valvifer sharply defined. Dorsal projection of second valvifer shorter than length of anterior area of second valvifer. Anterior and posterior section of the dorsal flange of the second valvifer sharply defined. Venom gland reservoir present, surrounded by second valvifer. First valvula tapers distally in lateral view. Anterior area of the second valvifer more than 2.0 times as high as bulb in lateral view. Apodemes of S7 without apparent modifications. Variation The brown colouration of the mesosoma and the anterior part of the metasoma including the synsternum and syntergum of SMNS_Hym_Cer_000446 is considerably brighter than in the holotype and the anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex is almost clear in this specimen. COI barcodes confirmed that this specimen belongs to A. kretschmanni sp. nov. Discussion Taxonomic placement of Aphanogmus kretschmanni Moser sp. nov. In the Palearctic, the family Ceraphronidae contains 112 species in 6 genera. Aphanogmus Thomson, 1858 is the most species-rich genus with 52 described species (Johnson & Musetti 2004; Buhl et al. 2010; Matsuo 2016), whilst four other genera comprise no more than six species. Aphanogmus is characterised mainly by a laterally compressed mesosoma, which is taller than broad (Figs 1, 3A–D) as well as trapezoidal flagellar segments on the male antennae with sensillae at least as long as the width of the flagellar segments. Currently, Aphanogmus is separated into three species groups (Evans et al. 2005). Morphologically, A. kretschmanni sp. nov. falls into the fumipennis species group based on a complete mesoscutal median sulcus and the presence of a gastral basal carina. In Hellén’s key, the new species keys to A. fumipennis Thomson, 1858 (Hellén 1966). However, A. kretschmanni is easily distinguishable from A. fumipennis by the distinct spines on S7 as well as the lack of prominent tufts of dense hairs along the outer margin of the hind coxae that are diagnostic for A. fumipennis. Further, this new species resembles several species within the Aphanogmus hakonensis complex, i.e., A. amoratus Dessart & Alekseev, 1982; A. captiosus Poasszek & Dessart, 1996, A. goniozi Dessart, 1988; A. hakonensis Ashmead, 1904; A. jarvensis (Girault, 1917); A. manilae (Ashmead, 1904) and A. thylax Polaszek & Dessart, 1996. Shared morphological characters are found mainly on the mesosoma, particularly the sharp circumscutellar carina, the carinate metanotal-propodeal sulcus, the prominent anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex as well as the paired posterior propodeal projections and the lateral striations on the mesopleuron. All species within the hakonensis complex have an Indo-Australian distribution with a few occurrences in the westernmost Palearctic. They are hyperparasitoids of Hymenoptera that parasitize Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758 and can only be determined to species level through male genitalia (Polaszek & Dessart 1996). Recently, the Waterston’s evaporatorium on the 6 th metasomal tergite was discovered to be a taxonomically significant character complex in Ceraphronidae (Ulmer et al. 2021). Major differences in the structure of the Waterston’s evaporatoria of Aphanogmus and Ceraphron Jurine, 1807 were found and are supported by a cladistic analysis, which returned a monophyletic Aphanogmus group and a paraphyletic Ceraphron group (Ulmer et al. 2021). Apart from Aphanogmus s. str., the Aphanogmus group includes the smaller genera Synarsis Foerster, 1878, Gnathoceraphron Dessart & Bin, 1981 and Elysoceraphron Szelényi, 1936 based on striking similarities of the Waterston’s evaporatoria of these taxa. The Waterston’s evaporatorium of the newly described A. kretschmanni sp. nov. lacks campaniform sensilla on T5 and T6 (Fig. 2D), a character that is considered an autapomorphy of Elysoceraphron by Ulmer et al. (2021). However, there are several differences in external morphology that contradict the placement of the newly described species into Elysoceraphron: (1) the mesoscutellum of A. kretschmanni is rounded posteriorly rather than subrectangular, which is the diagnostic character for Elysoceraphron; (2) the head of A. kretschmanni is significantly more transverse, a character shared by most species of Aphanogmus, than that of the Palearctic E. hungaricus Szelényi, 1936 or of the Oriental E. aadi Bijoy & Rajmohana, 2021 with the interocular distance being larger than the eye width (A. kretschmanni: 158:146 µm; E. hungaricus: 152:228 µm; E. aadi: 146:222 µm); (3) the anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex is straight in A. kretschmanni whereas it is upcurved in Elysoceraphron. The genus Elysoceraphron was first described based on two female specimens of Elysoceraphron hungaricus Szelényi, 1936 collected in Hungary (Szelényi 1936). The male was described two decades later from Czechoslovakia (Masner 1957). Since then, the genus has not received much attention. It appears only briefly in a report adding findings from Sweden and Siberia (Dessart & Alekseev 1980), a few remarks on the taxonomic status of the genus (Masner 1957; Dessart 1975), a short mention in two catalogues (Muesebeck & Walkley 1956; Johnson & Musetti 2004) as well as in keys (Dessart 1962; Alekseev 1978a, 1978b, 1995; Dessart & Cancemi 1987). Recently, a second species, Elysoceraphron aadi, was described from India (Bijoy & Rajmohana 2021). There has, Published as part of Moser, Marina, Ulmer, Jonah M., Kamp, Thomas Van De, Vasili, Cristina, Renninger, Maura, Mikó, István & Krogmann, Lars, 2023, Surprising morphological diversity in ceraphronid wasps revealed by a distinctive new species of Aphanogmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea), pp. 146-166 in European Journal of Taxonomy 864 (1) on pages 150-159, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.864.2095, http://zenodo.org/record/7867334, {"references":["Miko I., Trietsch C., van de Kamp T., Masner L., Ulmer J. M., Yoder M. J., Zuber M., Sandall E. L., Baumbach T. & Deans A. R. 2018. Revision of Trassedia (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae), an evolutionary relict With an unusual distribution. Insect Systematics and Diversity 2 (6). https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / isd / ixy 015","Johnson N. F. & Musetti L. 2004. Catalog of the Systematic literature of the Superfamily Ceraphronoidea (Hymenoptera). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 33. 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Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 41: 275 - 284.","Sinacori A., Mineo G. & Lo Verde G. 1992. Osservazioni su Aphanogmus steinitzi Priesner (Hym. Ceraphronidae) parassitoide di Conwentzia psociformis (Curtis) (Neur. Coniopterygidae). Phytophaga 4: 29 - 48.","Dessart P. & Bournier A. 1971. Thrips tabaci Lindman (Thysanoptera), hote inattendu d' Aphanogmus fumipennis (Thomson) (Hym. Ceraphronidae). Bulletin et Annales de la Societe royale belge d'Entomologie. 107: 116 - 118.","Luhman J. C., Holzenthal R. W. & Kjaerandsen J. K. 1999. New Host Record of a Ceraphronid (Hymenoptera) in Trichoptera Pupae. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 8 (1): 126.","Le Ralec A., Rabasse J. M. & Wajnberg E. 1996. Comparative morphology of the ovipositor of some parasitic Hymenoptera in relation to characteristics of their hosts. The Canadian Entomologist 128 (3): 413 - 433. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / ent 128413 - 3","Belshaw R., Grafen A. & Quicke D. 2003. Inferring life history from ovipositor morphology in parasitoid wasps using phylogenetic regression and discriminant analysis. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 139 (2): 213 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1096 - 3642.2003.00078. x","Alekseev V. N. 1980. [Systematic position of Dendrocerus spissicornis Hellen, 1966 and notes on the systematics of the genus Dendrocerus Ratzeburg (Hymenoptera, Ceraphronoidea, Megaspilidae).] Entomologiceskoe obozrenie 59: 385 - 390.","Wang A. X. & Cook L. G. 2012. Oviposition behaviour in the dart-tailed wasp, Cameronella Dalla Torre (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae: Colotrechinae). Australian Entomologist 39 (3): 179 - 187.","Quicke D. L. J., Fitton M. G., Tunstead J. R., Ingram S. N. & Gaitens P. V. 1994. Ovipositor structure and relationships within the Hymenoptera, with special reference to the Ichneumonoidea. Journal of Natural History 28 (3): 635 - 682. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939400770301","Duran J. & van Achterberg K. 2011. Oviposition behaviour of four ant parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Euphorinae, Neoneurini and Ichneumonidae, Hybrizontinae), with the description of three new European species. ZooKeys 125: 59 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 125.1754","Stary P. 1976. External female genitalia of the Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera). Acta Entomologica Bohemosl o vaca 73: 102 - 112.","Whiteman N. K., Groen S. C., Chevasco D., Bear A., Beckwith N., Gregory T. R., Denoux C., Mammarella N., Ausubel F. M. & Pierce N. E. 2011. Mining the plant - herbivore interface with a leafmining Drosophila of Arabidopsis. Molecular Ecology 20: 995 - 1014. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 294 X. 2010.04901. x","Atallah J., Teixeira L., Salazar R., Zaragoza G. & Kopp A. 2014. The making of a pest: the evolution of a fruit-penetrating ovipositor in Drosophila suzukii and related species. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281: 20132840. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2840"]}

Földvári, Mihály, Mikó, István, Ulmer, Jonah M., Rolo, Tomy dos Santos, Csősz, Sándor, Pomiankowski, Andrew, Baumbach, Tilo, Kamp, Thomas van de (2019): Jumping and Grasping: Universal Locking Mechanisms in Insect Legs. Insect Systematics and Diversity (AIFB) 3 (6), No. 3: 1-16, DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixz018, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixz018

Mikó, István, Rahman, Sarthok Rasique, Anzaldo, Salvatore S., Kamp, Thomas van de, Parslow, Ben A., Tatarnic, Nikolai J., Wetherington, Maxwell T., Anderson, Julie, Schilder, Rudolf J., Ulmer, Jonah M., Deans, Andrew R., Hines, Heather M. (2019): Fat in the Leg: Function of the Expanded Hind Leg in Gasteruptiid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae). Insect Systematics and Diversity 3 (2019), No. 2: 1-16, DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixy020, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixy020

Mikó, István, Trietsch, Carolyn, Kamp, Thomas van de, Masner, Lubomír, Ulmer, Jonah M., Yoder, Matthew Jon, Zuber, Marcus, Sandall, Emily L., Baumbach, Tilo, Deans, Andrew R. (2018): Revision of Trassedia (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae), an Evolutionary Relict With an Unusual Distribution. Insect Systematics and Diversity (AIFB) 2 (6), No. 4: 1-29, DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixy015, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixy015

Trassedia Cancemi 1996 Figs. 3–15, Supp. 3D pdf, and Supp. 3D video. Diagnosis Trassedia differs from all other Ceraphronoidea in the following traits: first valvifer is subdivided into two, articulating sclerites. Hind tarsus is enlarged relative to the middle and fore tarsi (hind tarsal claw more than 2× as long as lengths of middle and fore claws). Dorsal margin of S7 tapers medially, locking tip of terebra. Presence of two ovoid, concave areas on each side of the posterior 13 of S7, resembling a chisel. Presence of medially-continuous dorsal carina of occipital depression. Description Foveolate sculpture on body count: absent. Head: Dorsal carina of occipital depression count: present. Dorsal carina of occipital depression medial continuity: continuous medially. Occipital carina sculpture: crenulate. Median flange of occipital carina count: absent. Submedial flange of occipital carina count: absent. Preoccipital lunula count: absent. Preoccipital ridge count: present. Preoccipital furrow count: present. Preoccipital carina count: absent. Postocellar carina count: absent. Randomly sized areolae around setal pits on upper face count: absent. Antennal scrobe count: present. Ocular impression and postocular orbital carina count: present. Transverse scutes on upper face count: present. Region on upper face width transverse scutes lateral limit: extending entire with of frons. Transverse frontal carina count: absent. Frontal ledge count: absent. Rugose region on upper face count: absent. Facial pit count: no external corresponding structure present. White, thick setae on upper face count: absent. Ventromedian setiferous patch and ventrolateral setiferous patch count: absent. Intertorular carina count: present. Median process on intertorular carina count: absent. Intertorular ridge versus epistomal ridge: separated. Intertorular area count: absent. Torulus position relative to anterior ocellus and distal margin of clypeus: torulus reaching epistomal sulcus. Torulo-clypeal carina count: absent. Subtorular carina count: absent. Subantennal groove structure: absent. Posterolateral process of gena count: absent. Median conjunctiva of cardines count (median fusion of left and right cardines): absent (cardines are fused). Maxillary palpomeres count: 4. Mandibular tooth count: 2. Mandibular lancea count: absent. Antenna: Male flagellomere branches count: none. Male flagellomeres shape: cylindric. Multiporous plates on male flagellomeres count: absent. Female flagellomere number: 9. Mesosoma: Transverse pronotal sulcus (anterodorsal branch of pronotal Y) count: present. Epomial carina count: present. Posterodorsal branch of pronotal Y count: present. Occlusor muscle apodeme for the occlusor muscle of the anterior thoracic spiracle count: present. Occlusor muscle apodeme for the anterior thoracic spiracle structure: reduced, knob-like. Atrium of anterior mesothoracic spiracle count: present. Atrium of the anterior thoracic spiracle size: as wide as distal trachea. Ventrolateral invagination of the pronotum count: present. Lateroventral invagination of the propleuron count: absent. Mesonotum anterolateral margin shape: square. Median mesoscutal sulcus count: present. Notaulus posterior end location: anterior to transverse midline of mesoscutum. Transscutal articulation completeness: complete.Lateral carina on the mesoscutellum count: absent. Axillular carina count: absent. Axillular setae count: present. Posterolateral margin of mesoscutellum shape: blunt. Posteromedian process of the mesoscutellum count: absent. Anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex count: absent. Sternaulus length: short, not reaching 1/2 of mesopleuron length at level of sternaulus. Speculum ventral limit: extending ventrally of pleural pit line. Mesometapleural sulcus count: present. Ventral invagination of mesometapleural sulcus count: absent. Epicnemial pit count: absent. Mesodiscrimen count: present. Metapleural carina count: present. Metapleural carina versus propodeal spiracle: metapleural carina extending ventrally of propodeal spiracle. Ventral projection of the metapleural carina count: absent. Ventral invagination of the metapleural carina count: absent. Lateral propodeal carina count: present. Lateral propodeal carina shape: inverted ‘Y’ (left and right lateral propodeal are adjacent medially posterior to antecostal sulcus of the first abdominal tergum, and connected to the antecostal sulcus by a median carina representing the median branch of the inverted ‘Y’). Median propodeal carina count: present. Posterior propodeal projection count: absent. Propodeal and metacoxal verricules count: absent. Posterior line of the posterodorsal metapectal area count: present. Mesofurca versus metadiscrimenal lamella continuity: fused. Transverse line of the metanotum-propodeum versus antecostal sulcus of the first abdominal tergum: adjacent sublaterally. Metapecto-propodeal conjunctiva count: present. Posterior margin of nucha in dorsal view shape: straight. Mesosomal muscles: Anterior mesothoracic spiracle occlusor muscle site of origin: from oma. Pronoto-mesobasalar muscle site origin: from the wall of the pronotum. Pronoto-procoxal muscle origin: site of origin extends posteroventrally of the anterior thoracic spiracle along the posterior pronotal inflection. Prophragmo-postoccipital muscle site of origin: partly from the posterior surface of the prophragma, partly from the lateral mesoscutal area. Mesonoto-mesotrochanteral muscle count: present. Posterior mesonoto-metanotal muscle site of origin anterior limit: anterior limit not exceed midline of mesoscutellum. Second and third mesopleuro-third axillary sclerite of forewing muscle site of origin: reaching the lateral margin of the metacoxa. Mesopleuromesocoxal muscle site of origin: exclusively from the mesopleural apodeme. Mesofurco-mesotrochanteral muscle count: present. Mesofurco-mesotrochanteral muscle relative position: medial to mesonoto-mesotrochanteral muscles. Mesofurco-mesotrochanteral muscle site of insertion: muscle inserts ventrally of the site of origin of the mesonoto-mesotrochanteral muscles. Wings: Stigmal vein of forewing count: present. Pterostigma of forewing count: present. Hind wing reduction: well developed. Legs: Hind tarsus length versus fore and mid tarsi length: hind tarsus two times as long as fore and mid tarsi. Calcar shape: simple. Comb on the ventral surface of calcar count: present. Mesotibial spur count: 1. Mesobasicoxa width versus metabasicoxa width: metabasicoxa distinctly wider than mesobasicoxa. Posterior mesosomal comb count: absent. Metasoma: Transverse carina of petiole count: present. Transverse carina on petiole shape: straight. Basal, longitudinal carinae on syntergum count: more than 5. S1 length versus shortest width: S1 wider than long. Transverse sulcus of first metasomal sternum count (S1 count): absent. Waterston’s evaporatorium count: present. Waterstons evaporatorium shape medially female: median unsculptured area present. Acrotergal calyx of Waterston’s evaporatorium count: acrotergal calyx absent. Male genitalia: Median conjunctiva of male T9 count: absent. Row of short setae delimiting apical, cercus bearing area of male T9: present. Male T10 shape: not folded medially along median weakly sclerotized line. Median part of male S8 structure: not constricted medially, distal margin concave. Proximal margin part of male S9 shape: concave. Distodorsal margin of cupula shape: straight. Cupula length versus gonostyle-volsella complex length: cupula less than 1/2 the length of gonostyle-volsella complex in lateral view. Proximodorsal inflection of cupulal margin count: absent. Proximodorsal notch of cupula count: present. Proximodorsal notch of cupula width versus length: wider than long. Ventral part of cupula shape: Cupula ventromedially is extended more proximally than dorsomedially. Dorsal submedian impression of cupula count: absent. Distoventral submedian corner of the cupula count: absent. Proximodorsal notch of cupula shape: arched; notched. Proximodorsal apodeme of cupula count: absent. Proximoventral margin of gonostyle/volsella complex shape: convex, pointed proximally. Dorsomedian conjunctiva of the gonostyle/volsella complex count: absent. Gonostyle-volsella complex proximoventrally continuity: discontinuous, ventromedian conjunctiva of gonostyle-volsella complex complete, reaching proximal margin of gonostyle-volsella complex. Gonostyle/volsella complex dorsally continuity: continuous, dorsomedian conjunctiva of gonostyle incomplete, not reaching proximal or distal margins of gonostyle. Medioventral area of gonostyle/volsella complex orientation: horizontal. Distodorsal submedian notch of gonostyle/volsella complex count: absent. Medioventral conjunctiva of the gonostyle-volsella complex count (fusion of parossiculi): medioventral conjunctiva present (parossiculi independent or fused proximally). Parossiculus count (parossiculus and gonostipes fusion): absent (fused with the gonostipes). Apical parossiculal seta number: one. Distal projection of the parossiculus count: absent. Digital teeth orientation: dorsally. Penisvalva proximal region curvature: curved ventrally; curved dorsally. Dorsal apodeme of penisvalva count: absent. Distal projection of the penisvalva count: absent. Ventromedian apodeme of aedeagus count: absent. Distal part of aedeagus and gonostyle continuity: not continuous. Sensillar plate of the aedeagus shape: distinctly less than half as wide as the male genitalia. Harpe: count: present. Harpe length: harpe shorter than gonostipes in lateral view. Proximomedial brush of the harpe count: absent. Distoventral seta bearing projection of the harpe count: absent. Proximodorsal projection of harpe accommodating the gonossiculus count: absent. Proximomedial apodeme of harpe count: present; absent. Mediolateral S9-cupulal muscle site of origin: laterally from anterolateral corner of S9. Lateral S9-cupulal muscle subdivision: subdivided, lateral band inserts on the lateral margin of the cupula, distinctly separated from the site of origin of the median band.Dorsolateral cupulo-gonostipal muscle count: present. Ventrolateral cupulo-gonostipal muscle count: present. Ventromedial cupulo-gonostyle muscle count: absent. Lateral gonostyle-penisvalva muscle count: absent. Penisvalvo-gonossiculal muscle count: present. Gonostipo-parossiculal muscle count: absent. Gonostyle/volsella complex-volsella muscle site of insertion:gonossiculus. Medial intrinsic muscle of the volsella count: absent. Parossiculo-penisvalval muscle count: absent. Proximal gonostipo-harpal muscle count: present. Distal gonostipo-harpal muscle count: present. Proximal gonostipo-harpal muscle site of origin: distodorsally from the gonostyle volsella complex. Distal gonostipo-harpal muscle site of origin: at least partly from proximolateral margin part of harpe. Ovipositor: Posterior margin of first valvifer shape: concave. Transvalvifer conjunctiva count: present (first valvifer is subdivided into two sclerites). Anterior flange of the first valvifer count: absent. Basal line of the second valvifer sharpness: sharp. Length of dorsal projection of second valvifer in lateral view versus length of anterior area of second valvifer in lateral view: dorsal projection longer than anterior area. Anterior section of dorsal flange of the second valvifer sharpness: sharp. Venom gland reservoir of the second valvifer count: present. Distal region of first valvula shape: tapered. Annuli on dorsal valve count: absent. Site of attachment of ventral T9-second valvifer muscle on interarticular ridge count: absent. First valvifer-genital membrane muscle site of origin: medial surface of the dorsal sclerite of the first valvifer. Posterior second valvifer-second valvula muscle site of insertion on second valvifer: on the medial side of the posterior area of the second valvifer and the anterior area of the second valvifer., Published as part of Mikó, István, Trietsch, Carolyn, Kamp, Thomas van de, Masner, Lubomír, Ulmer, Jonah M., Yoder, Matthew Jon, Zuber, Marcus, Sandall, Emily L., Baumbach, Tilo & Deans, Andrew R., 2018, Revision of Trassedia (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae), an Evolutionary Relict With an Unusual Distribution, pp. 1-29 in Insect Systematics and Diversity (AIFB) (AIFB) 2 (6) on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixy015, http://zenodo.org/record/7168382

Trassedia yanegai Mikó and Trietsch sp. nov. (Zoobank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act: 53D5E575-4ED3-4146-A7F2-19ECF032846E) Diagnosis Trassedia yanegai shares the short setae on the dorsal region of the cranium (shorter than the diameter of the median ocellus; Fig. 3C and D), the reduced anterior ocellar fovea that does not extend to the antennal scrobe (Fig. 3C and D), the punctate ocular impression along the inner orbit (io: Fig. 3C and D) and a wide Waterston’s evaporatorium that reaches the lateral 13 of the tergite (wop: Fig. 4A and B) with T. luapi and T. australiensis. Trassedia yanegai differs from these species in the lack of the notaulus, the lack of scutes on the vertex, the anteriorly gradually widening preoccipital sulcus (pof: Fig. 3C), the foveolate sternaulus (ster: Fig. 5C) and the large eyes (HW/IOS = 3.7, Fig. 3C). The female pedicel and F1 are brown and F2–F4 are whitish in T. yanegai, while the female pedicel and F1–F3 are yellow and F4–F9 are dark brown in T. luapi. Description Body length: 3.95 mm. Color hue pattern female: cranium, mesosomablack, F5–F9 black, F2–F4 white, scape, legs, pedicel, F1 ochre. Color intensity pattern female: pedicel, F1, fore leg, mesocoxa darker than rest of middle leg, hind leg, scape. Structure of scutes on head and mesosoma: scute surface on head and mesosoma flat, scutes indistinct. Head: HW:HH = 1.1. HW/IOS Female: 3.8. Maximum eye diameter versus minimum eye diameter: 1.2. Interommatidial seta length: interommatidial seta length less than facet diameter. Occipital carina medially: continuous medially. Seta length on dorsal region of cranium versus diameter of median ocellus: shorter. Scutes on vertex count: absent. Preoccipital furrow anterior extension: adjacent anteriorly to the posterior margin of the median ocellus. Preoccipital furrow anterior region versus posterior region sculpture: posterior region crenulate, anterior region smooth or finely reticulate. Preoccipital furrow anterior region width versus posterior region width: wider anteriorly than posteriorly. Female OOL: POL: LOL: 0.1:0.5:1.0. Preocellar pit count: absent. Carina delimiting antennal scrobe count: absent. Transverse striation on upper face count: present. Anterior ocellar fovea shape: fovea not extended ventrally into facial sulcus. Supraclypeal depression count: present. Ocular impression sculpture: punctate (fovea of ocellar impression are well separated from each other). Antenna: Female scape length versus pedicel length: 2.4. Female F1 length versus pedicel length: 1.1. Female ninth flagellomere length: F9 less than F7+F8. Mesosoma: Mesosoma shape: not compressed laterally, as wide as high or wider than high. Pronope count: absent. Anterior slope of mesonotum shape: Anterior slope of mesonotum at obtuse angle to dorsal surface of mesonotum in lateral view. Antero-admedian line count: present. Notaulus count: absent. Notaulus anterior origin versus anterolateral angle of mesoscutum (ball-and-socket articulation between pronotum and mesoscutum): Notaulus arises medially of anterolateral angle of the mesoscutum. Scutes on posterior region of mesoscutum and dorsal region of mesoscutellum count: present. Epicnemial carina count: complete. Sternaulus count: present. Sternaulus sculpture: scalloped. Anterior metapleural carina count: present. Carina limiting posteriorly antecosta count: present. Lateral propodeal carina count: present. Wings: Stigmal vein length versus pterostigma marginal length: stigmal vein longer than the pterostigma marginal length. Etymology The species epithet refers to Douglas Yanega (Senior Museum Scientist of the Entomology Research Museum, University of California, Riverside), who drew our attention to the holotype of the new species., Published as part of Mikó, István, Trietsch, Carolyn, Kamp, Thomas van de, Masner, Lubomír, Ulmer, Jonah M., Yoder, Matthew Jon, Zuber, Marcus, Sandall, Emily L., Baumbach, Tilo & Deans, Andrew R., 2018, Revision of Trassedia (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae), an Evolutionary Relict With an Unusual Distribution, pp. 1-29 in Insect Systematics and Diversity (AIFB) (AIFB) 2 (6) on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixy015, http://zenodo.org/record/7168382

Trassedia luapi Cancemi 1996 Diagnosis Trassedia luapi shares the following characters with T. yanegai and T. australiensis: short setae on the dorsal region of the cranium (shorter than the diameter of the median ocellus; Fig. 3C and D); reduced anterior ocellar fovea that do not extend to the antennal scrobe (Fig. 3C and D); a punctate ocular impression along the inner orbit (io: Fig. 3C and D); and a wide Waterston’s evaporatorium that reaches the lateral 1/3 of the tergite (wop: Fig. 4A and B). Trassedia luapi differs from T. yanegai by the preoccipital sulcus not widening gradually anteriorly (pof: Fig. 3C) and by the presence of the notaulus, scutes on the vertex, a foveolate sternaulus (ster: Fig. 5C) and large eyes (HW/IOS = 3.7, Fig. 3C). The female pedicel and F1 are brown and F2–F4 are whitish in T. yanegai, while the female pedicel and F1–F3 are yellow and F4–F9 are dark brown in T. luapi. Trassedia luapi differs from T. australiensis in cranium shape (cranium as long as wide in dorsal view in T. australiensis and 1.4× as wide as long in T. luapi), POL:OOL ratio (POL 2× as long as OOL in T. australiensis and equal to OOL in T. luapi), the length of the harpe (harpe 2× as long as the gonossiculus in T. australiensis and 1.5× as long as the gonossiculus in T. luapi) and the position of the distal sensilla of the gonossiculus (sensilla closer to the distal margin than to the proximal margin of the gonossiculus in T. luapi and equidistant from both margins in T. australiensis). Description Body length: 1.80–2.90 mm. Color hue pattern female: brown, F1–F3, legs yellow. Color intensity pattern female: F4–F9 darker than cranium, scape, pedicel, mesosoma and metasoma. Color hue pattern male: ochre, legs, scape, pedicel, F1 yellow. Structure of scutes on head and mesosoma: Scute surface on head and mesosoma flat, scutes indistinct. HW:HH = 0.9–1.3. Head: HW/IOS Female: 2.5–2.7. HW/IOS Male: 2.2. Maximum eye diameter versus minimum eye diameter: 1.1–1.3. Interommatidial seta length: Interommatidial seta length less than facet diameter. Occipital carina medially: continuous medially. Seta length on dorsal region of cranium versus diameter of median ocellus: shorter. Setal pit on vertex size: smaller than diameter of scutes. Scutes on vertex count: present. Preoccipital furrow anterior extension: adjacent anteriorly to the posterior margin of the median ocellus. Preoccipital furrow anterior region versus posterior region sculpture: crenulate in its entire length. Preoccipital furrow anterior region width versus posterior region width: as wide anteriorly as posteriorly. Female OOL: POL: LOL: 0.2–0.6:0.5–0.7:1.0. Male OOL: POL: LOL: 0.6:0.7:1.0. Preocellar pit count: absent. Carina delimiting antennal scrobe count: absent. Transverse striation on upper face count: present. Anterior ocellar fovea shape: fovea not extended ventrally into facial sulcus. Supraclypeal depression count: present. Ocular impression sculpture: punctate (fovea of ocellar impression are well separated from each other). Antenna: Length of setae on male flagellomere versus male flagellomere width: setae shorter than width of flagellomeres. Male scape length versus pedicel length: 2.6. Male F1 length versus pedicel length: 1.8. Male scape length versus combined length of F1+F2: shorter. Male F6 length versus combined length of F7+F8: Shorter than length of flagellomere 7 + 8. Number of flagellomeres with male-specific ventral sensilla: F4–F9. Female scape length versus pedicel length: 2.4–2.8. Female F1 length versus pedicel length: 1.2–1.4. Female ninth flagellomere length: F9 less than F7+F8. Mesosoma: Mesosoma shape: not compressed laterally, as wide as high or wider than high. Pronope count: present. Anterior slope of mesonotum shape: Anterior slope of mesonotum at obtuse angle to dorsal surface of mesonotum in lateral view. Antero-admedian line count: present. Notaulus count: present. Notaulus anterior origin versus anterolateral angle of mesoscutum (ball-and-socket articulation between pronotum and mesoscutum): notaulus arises medially of anterolateral angle of the mesoscutum. Posterior end of notaulus versus posterior end of antero-admedian line location: antero-admedian line extends more posteriorly than notaulus. Scutes on posterior region of mesoscutum and dorsal region of mesoscutellum count: present. Epicnemial carina count: complete. Sternaulus count: present. Sternaulus sculpture: smooth. Anterior metapleural carina count: present. Carina limiting posteriorly antecosta count: present. Propodeal spiracle dilator muscle apodeme pit location: On metapleural carina. Longitudinal carina between plica and median propodeal carina count: absent. Lateral propodeal carina count: present. Wings: Stigmal vein length versus pterostigma marginal length: stigmal vein longer than the pterostigma marginal length. Metasoma: Waterston’s evaporatorium shape medially male: paired, left and right evaporatoria are not continuous medially; not paired, single median evaporatorium present. Male genitalia: Anterior margin shape of male S9: concave. Male S9 distal setal line/setal patch count: distal setae composing setiferous patch(es). Distomedian, hairless area (interrupting transverse row of setae or patch) on male S9 count: absent (distal setiferous patch/line continuous medially). Distal margin of male S9 shape: straight. Proximolateral corner of male S9 shape: acute. Gonostyle/volsella complex length: wider than long. Gonostyle/ volsella complex proximodorsal margin shape: with deep concavity medially. Distal sensilla on gonossiculus versus proximal margin of gonossiculus location: closer to distal margin than to proximal margin of gonossiculus. Distal margin of harpe in lateral view: shape: straight. Lateral setae of harpe count: absent. Harpe length versus gonossiculus length: harpe 2× as long as gonossiculus. Lateral margin of harpe shape: widest point of harpe is in its proximal one-third. Dorsomedial cupulo-gonostipal muscles orientation: diverging proximally. Ventral gonostipo-penisvalval muscles site of origin-proximal extension: not extends distally on parossiculus., Published as part of Mikó, István, Trietsch, Carolyn, Kamp, Thomas van de, Masner, Lubomír, Ulmer, Jonah M., Yoder, Matthew Jon, Zuber, Marcus, Sandall, Emily L., Baumbach, Tilo & Deans, Andrew R., 2018, Revision of Trassedia (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae), an Evolutionary Relict With an Unusual Distribution, pp. 1-29 in Insect Systematics and Diversity (AIFB) (AIFB) 2 (6) on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixy015, http://zenodo.org/record/7168382