1. Early markers for myocardial ischemia and sudden cardiac death
- Author
-
Patrice Mangin, Tony Fracasso, Mylène Docquier, Valentin Djonov, Sara Sabatasso, and Milena Moretti
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Pathology ,Myocardial Ischemia ,Complement Membrane Attack Complex ,Biomarkers/analysis ,Sudden cardiac death ,0302 clinical medicine ,ddc:590 ,Connexin 43/immunology ,Myocardial infarction ,Forensic Pathology ,biology ,Troponin T ,Clinical pathology ,Myoglobin ,Cytochromes c ,Antibodies/analysis ,Immunohistochemistry ,3. Good health ,Models, Animal ,Cardiology ,Transcription Factors/immunology ,Troponin I/immunology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Forensic pathology ,JUNB ,Complement Membrane Attack Complex/immunology ,Ischemia ,610 Medicine & health ,Antibodies ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Myoglobin/immunology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,Fibronectins/immunology ,business.industry ,ddc:614.1 ,Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis ,Troponin I ,medicine.disease ,Troponin ,Fibronectins ,030104 developmental biology ,Death, Sudden, Cardiac ,Troponin T/immunology ,Rats, Inbred Lew ,Connexin 43 ,biology.protein ,570 Life sciences ,business ,Cytochromes c/immunology ,Biomarkers ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The post-mortem diagnosis of acute myocardial ischemia remains a challenge for both clinical and forensic pathologists. We performed an experimental study (ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery in rats) in order to identify early markers of myocardial ischemia, to further apply to forensic and clinical pathology in cases of sudden cardiac death. Using immunohistochemistry, Western blots, and gene expression analyses, we investigated a number of markers, selected among those which are currently used in emergency departments to diagnose myocardial infarction and those which are under investigation in basic research and autopsy pathology studies on cardiovascular diseases. The study was performed on 44 adult male Lewis rats, assigned to three experimental groups: control, sham-operated, and operated. The durations of ischemia ranged between 5 min and 24 h. The investigated markers were troponins I and T, myoglobin, fibronectin, C5b-9, connexin 43 (dephosphorylated), JunB, cytochrome c, and TUNEL staining. The earliest expressions (≤30 min) were observed for connexin 43, JunB, and cytochrome c, followed by fibronectin (≤1 h), myoglobin (≤1 h), troponins I and T (≤1 h), TUNEL (≤1 h), and C5b-9 (≤2 h). By this investigation, we identified a panel of true early markers of myocardial ischemia and delineated their temporal evolution in expression by employing new technologies for gene expression analysis, in addition to traditional and routine methods (such as histology and immunohistochemistry). Moreover, for the first time in the autopsy pathology field, we identified, by immunohistochemistry, two very early markers of myocardial ischemia: dephosphorylated connexin 43 and JunB.
- Published
- 2016