Search

Objective·To develop a machine learning approach for early identification of metabolic syndromes associated with inflammatory metabolic state changes in breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy, using common laboratory and transthoracic echocardiography indices.Methods·Female patients with primary invasive breast cancer diagnosed at the Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, between September 2020 and September 2022, were included. General patient information, laboratory test results, and transthoracic echocardiography data were collected. After feature extraction, five machine learning algorithms, including random forest (RF), gradient boosting (GB), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), and decision tree (DT), were applied to construct a prediction model for the changes of the patients′ metabolic state after neoadjuvant therapy, and the prediction performances of the five models were compared.Results·A total of 232 cases with valid clinical data were included, comprising 135 cases before neoadjuvant therapy and 97 cases after completing 4 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy. Feature extraction identified five key features: white blood cell count, hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), interleukin-2 receptor, and interleukin-8. In the multi-feature analysis, the area under the receiver operating characferistic curve (AUC) was higher in the combination of white blood cell count, hemoglobin and HDL compared to the combination of interleukin-2 receptor and interleukin-8 (RF: 0.928 vs 0.772, GB: 0.900 vs 0.792, SVM: 0.941 vs 0.764, KNN: 0.907 vs 0.762, DT: 0.799 vs 0.714). The RF, SVM, and GB models showed higher AUC (0.928, 0.941, 0.900) and accuracy (0.914, 0.897, 0.776). The SVM model exhibited superior accuracy in the training data compared to the RF and GB models (P=0.394, 0.122 and 0.097, respectively).Conclusion·The SVM model can be used to establish a prediction model for identifying breast cancer patients at high risk of developing inflammatory metabolic state-related metabolic syndrome after neoadjuvant therapy by incorporating five common clinical indicators, namely, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein, interleukin-2 receptor, and interleukin-8. SVM modeling may be useful for clinicians to establish individualized screening protocols based on a patient′s inflammatory metabolic state.

Conjugated polymer coatings enhance bacteria with eco-friendly energy use. A new hybrid system boosts hydrogen production by Rhodopseudomonas palustris@polypyrrole (R. palustris@PPy) through interface electron transfer and hydrogel encapsulation. To maximize the output, we studied hydrogen metabolism using various techniques and found that conductive polymer modification facilitated electron transfer, affecting intracellular pathways. This technology offers enhanced green hydrogen production for sustainable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the Mahler measures of the polynomial family Q_k(x,y) = x^3+y^3+1-kxy using the method previously developed by the authors. An algorithm is implemented to search for complex multiplication points with class numbers \leqslant 3, we employ these points to derive interesting formulas that link the Mahler measures of Q_k(x,y) to L-values of modular forms. As by-products, some conjectural identities of Samart are confirmed, one of them involves the modified Mahler measure \tilde {n}(k) introduced by Samart recently. For k=\sqrt [3]{729\pm 405\sqrt {3}}, we also prove an equality that expresses a 2\times 2 determinant with entries the Mahler measures of Q_k(x,y) as some multiple of the L-value of two isogenous elliptic curves over \mathbb {Q}(\sqrt {3}). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we prove several conjectures raised by Zhi-Wei Sun on determinants and permanents by the eigenvectors-eigenvalues identity recently highlighted by Denton, Parke, Tao and Zhang. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study certain determinants involving tangent functions. We prove that for any odd number n ⩾ 3 and s ∈ Z + , the determinant D (n , s) = det (tan s ⁡ π j + k n) 1 ⩽ j , k ⩽ n − 1 ∈ n n − 2 Z . In the special case s = 2, we confirm a conjecture raised by Zhi-Wei Sun in 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, developing artificial cells of higher complexity has emerged as being key to simulating advanced life behaviors, among which coacervate microdroplets are a promising kind of model artificial cell. Constructing simple coacervate systems in vitro which can subsequently achieve specific responses to environmental stimuli to form coacervate microdroplet communities are fundamental for studying the interactions between liquid–liquid phase separated molecules and the way such interactions determine material properties, composition and phase behavior. Herein, we propose a membrane-free artificial cell based on recombinant spidroin, NT2RepCT, which utilizes the complex structure of spidroin to provide coacervate microdroplets with a unique population morphology in response to environmental stimuli. By changing the environmental conditions such as protein concentration, pH and temperature, the coacervate microdroplets of single-type, regular adhesion-type and irregular adhesion-type were statistically generalized, and it is highlighted that the adhesion-type of coacervate microdroplets depended on the α-helical percentage, complex folding degree of spidroin and internally hydrophobic environment of the coacervate, while it was inversely proportional to the surface hydrophobic environment. Much more interesting, regulation of the non-enzymatic polymerization reaction of oligonucleotides was successfully achieved by adjusting the population morphology of coacervate microdroplets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We presented an unreported T96R mutation induced transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR). The biochemical and biophysical properties were explored to support its pathogenicity. Understanding the biochemical and biophysical nature of genetically mutated transthyretin (TTR) proteins is key to provide precise medical cares for ATTR patients. Genetic testing showed heterozygosity for the T96R pathogenic variant c.347C > G (ATTR p.T116R) after myocardial biopsy confirmed amyloid deposition. Biochemical characterizations revealed slight perturbation of its thermodynamic stability (Cm=3.7 M for T96R, 3.4 M for WT and 2.3 M for L55P (commonly studied TTR mutant)) and kinetic stability (t1/2=39.8 h for T96R, 42 h for WT and 4.4 h in L55P). Crosslinking experiment demonstrated heterozygous subunit exchange between wild-type and TTR T96R protein destabilized the tetramer. Inhibitory effect of tafamidis and diflunisal on TTR T96R fibril formation was slightly less effective compared to WT and L55P. A novel T96R mutation was identified for TTR protein. Biochemical and biophysical analyses revealed slightly destabilized kinetic stability. T96R mutation destabilized heterozygous protein but not proteolytic degradation, explaining its pathogenicity. Inhibitory effect of small molecule drugs on T96R mutation was different, suggesting personalized treatment may be required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cell surface engineering is an effective strategy to improve the tolerance of living cells against harsh environments as well as endow cells with various properties and functionalities, which they do not possess inherently. However, the research emphasis on single-cell surface engineering with the emergence of collective functionality is still rare. In this study, we encapsulate a single living cell with TiO2 nanoparticles (Degussa P25, composed of anatase and rutile crystallites) and conductive polymer polypyrrole (PPy). The driving force generated from the nanoparticles TiO2 and PPy could be utilized to manipulate cells that are more than a hundred times their own body size. Different collective behaviors of unicellular organisms can be achieved under various conditions. Especially, the engineered cells could be endowed with a swarming negative phototaxis migration under UV light in the presence of ferrocene methanol (MFc). Given that the collective behaviors of organismic swarms can greatly improve the adaptability and survivability compared to individual ones, we thus anticipate that such a studied technique could open up opportunities for the manipulation of the collective behaviors of unicellular organisms and have great potential in cell therapy as well as biosensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hexahydroxy strontium stannate nanorods were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route and characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and solid UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The nanorods with single crystalline hexagonal SrSn(OH)6 phase have lengths of several μm and diameters of 50–150 nm. The formation process was investigated by observing the evolution of the morphology and structure under different conditions. The band gap is 3.76 eV. The photocatalytic performance of the nanorods was evaluated under ultraviolet light irradiation with crystal violet in aqueous solution which can be entirely photo-degraded within 6 hours. Anti-interference experiments showed that hydroxyl radicals, holes, and superoxide radicals are involved in the sdegradation of crystal violet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]