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Background: Lumbar paraspinal hemangiopericytoma is rare. The hemorrhagic nature of the tumor causes problems of hemostasis and makes the resection delicate. We report a rare case of lumbar paraspinal hemangiopericytoma managed with preoperative embolization. Clinical Case: It is about a woman of 31 years, admitted for a large left lumbar paraspinal mass that evolved for 6 years. The clinical exam showed an asymmetry of the left paraspinal muscle. The mass painless was extended from the lumbar region. The neurological exam was normal. MRI showed the left large paraspinal mass tissue. It was extended from lumbar vertebrae, L1 to L4, and measured 100 × 50 × 50 mm. It was an iso-intense signal on T1-weighted with strong enhancement after gadolinium. It was hypervascular and supplied by left intercostal T12, L1, and L2 pedicles. The complete exclusion of the hyper-vascular left paraspinal tumor was obtained after selective embolization of the artery left L1 of the pedicle of the intercostal left L1 and trunks intercostal T12 and L2 left. The total resection of a mass encapsulated was performed. The operative outcome was good. The histology concluded to a hemangiopericytoma. No chemotherapy or radiotherapy was prescribed. After 5 years, the patient was asymptomatic. MRI control confirmed tumor resection with a residue at the level of the left intervertebral foramen L1 - L2. Conclusion: Lumbar paraspinal hemangiopericytoma is an extremely rare tumor. Selective preoperative embolization is recommended before the resection of large tumors to reduce vascular supply. A follow-up extended for these patients is necessary, given the frequency of recurrences.

Water is a vital resource for all populations. However, there are warning signs that the water from the Lobo River used by SODECI to supply drinking water to the population is declining in quantity during the dry season and its quality is becoming poor due to climate variability and anthropogenic activities. However, the river is able to maintain a certain flow, probably with the contribution of groundwater. It is therefore a question of whether there is really a connection between surface water and groundwater. The aim of this study is to characterize the groundwater-river interactions based on the physico-chemical parameters of the Lobo watershed in Nibéhibé. The approach adopted is a coupled statistical-geochemical approach applied on data from two sampling campaigns (dry and rainy season). This coupled approach consisted, on the one hand, in understanding the chemical specificities within the water classes using the piper diagram and, on the other hand, in classifying the waters according to their physico-chemical similarity and highlighting the phenomena at the origin of the water mineralization using the Kohonen self-organized map (SOM). The results obtained from the piper diagram show that in both the wet and dry seasons, the chemical signature of the waters remains controlled by two main hydrochemical facies: the chlorinated calcium-magnesium nitrate hydrofacies and the bicarbonate calcium-magnesium hydrofacies. Kohonen's self-organized map has established that the mineralization of groundwater, under natural conditions, comes from the nature of the rocks crossed during infiltration and from the contact time between water and minerals. This work provides managers with decision-support tools for planning and searching for groundwater in support of surface water to reinforce the drinking water supply of the populations in this watershed.

Objective: The neonatal mortality rate remains a serious problem in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa such as Burkina Faso, where, in 2010 this mortality rate was 28 per 1000 live births [1] [2]. Its reduction is possible and passes first by the strict prevention of infections in birth rooms. The objective of this study was to describe the practices of infection prevention in the birth rooms of seven referral hospitals in Ouagadougou from April 1 to July 31, 2016. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the rules of prevention and control of healthcare associated infections (PCHAI) among 123 consenting health workers who provided birth room care in 7 hospitals in Ouagadougou. Data were collected through individual interviews and direct observations. The study was authorized by the Institutional Ethics Committee in 2015 under the number 32. The data analysis was done with the Epi Info software version 2000. Results: The “five clean in the birth room” were known by 26.83%. Regarding the equipment used for PCHAI, sterile gloves were mentioned by 75.61% of the agents, the source of clean water by 62.60% and soap by 57.11%; in practice, 17.07% of the respondents had not washed their hands and 42 providers (34%) had not performed with complete mastery the wearing of sterile gloves before giving birth, and 55.28% had not cleaned the perineum. Conclusion: Deficiencies in the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections have been identified. Training on infection prevention in the neonatal period is needed for the benefit of hospital providers.

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV-HR genotypes in the population of sexually active women in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Methods: This study took place at Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso from September to June 2017. A total of 234 women in the gynecological period and also sexually active were enrolled after they gave an individual consent. Swabbing of the endocervical canal was done. From the sample stored at -20°C, the viral DNA was extracted using the “DNA-Sorb-A” kit from SACACE biotechnologies&reg. Amplification of the PCR of the extracted DNA was made, using the “HPV Genotypes 14 Real-TM Quant” V67-100 FRT kit. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 17.0 and Epi Info 6. Chi-square and Fisher’s tests were used to compare proportions and averages; a link was significant when p 0.05. Results: The mean age was 30.7 ± 7.3 years (median: 30 years); 84.5% of them were married, 43.5% had a socio-professional activity and 61% were schooled. A total of 20.6% of women were positive for at least one of the following HPV-HR genotypes: HPV 18, 31, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68. Genotypes the most frequently found were HPV 52 with 11 cases (17.2%) and 66 with 10 cases (15.6%). Conclusion: Our results show a predominance of HPV-HR genotypes not covered by available vaccines. Mapping genotypes are needed to fully understand viral ecology at the national level. But for instance, the nonavalent vaccine, which has a better coverage of the predominant genotypes, is to be promoted.

Objective: The objective of this study is to report a case of spinal cord compression, which is a rare complication of neurofibromatosis type 1. Observation: We report the case of a 45-year-old man, which presented a syndrome of thoracic spinal cord compression at the stage of spastic paraparesis. Its installation was gradually over 6 months associated with the inaugural back pain. He had a clinical history of neurofibromatosis type 1 with “Cafe-au-lait” spots. There were multiple painless nodules under the skin of different size on the chest, forearms and legs. A large isolated nodule, purplish was observed on the chest. The neuro-imaging showed a para-spinal anterior mass expansion inside the spinal canal causing spinal compression at the level of the second and third thoracic vertebra. It extends into the intervertebral foramen of the third and fourth thoracic vertebra leading to a scalloping. A second large heterogeneous left intra-abdominal mass containing cyst areas and calcifications was discovered in imaging. After a spinal decompression with laminectomy of the second and third thoracic vertebra, the reduction of pain and motor recovery was gradual. The large nodule excision was performed. Histology found a plexiform neurofibroma. Excision of the left intra-abdominal mass could not be performed because the patient’s consent had not been obtained. Conclusion: The spinal cord compression is a rare complication of neurofibromatosis type 1. However, it is essential to think about it in front of any spinal cord symptoms or any atypical long term spinal pain.

Objective: To study the sexual experience of women after gynecological hysterectomy in the obstetrics and gynecology department of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital in Burkina Faso. Patient and Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study from October 1, 2016 to March 30, 2017. It included any patient who had a gynecological indication for a hysterectomy in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital (CHU-YO) during the study period. A total of 85 patients were included. We collected information from the consultation records, clinical records, and operating room registries and by surveying the patients themselves. Result: The frequency of hysterectomy in the gynecological period was 3.9%. The mean age of the patients was 51.71 (extremes: 35 and 66 years) and the mean parity was 4.8. Married women were the majority. Fibromyoma and genital prolapse accounted for 56.47% and 23.53% respectively of operative indications. Regarding postintervention sexuality, 29.41% of women declared no longer having sexual desire. Also, they complained of vaginal dryness (31.8%), decreased frequency of orgasm (42.3%), dyspareunia (37.65). Sexual dysfunction was present in 82.35% of women. There was a statistically significant difference between global sexual functioning and geographic origin, educational attainment, socio-economic level, surgical approach, preintervention sexual counseling, women’s psychological profile and their emotional relationship with their spouses. Conclusion: The psychosexual soundness of hysterectomy is important. A diagnosis of sexual disorders prior to the intervention and psychological follow-up throughout the therapeutic process of the pathology indicative of a hysterectomy is necessary for successful postoperative sexuality.

Background: The perilous path of the African woman’s pregnancy often ends in difficult situations putting her life in danger. One of the solutions to save her is often to “remove” her uterus, in a hemorrhage and emergency context. It is the hemostasis hysterectomy. It’s generally practiced in difficult conditions with complicated operative follow-ups. The tragedy is that finally the patient will die (almost 1 time out of 2 in our study). This is the sad reality of resource-limited countries. How many women will continue to die under these conditions? This study attempts to explore the different aspects of this reality. Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of hemostasis hysterectomies at the Teaching Hospital of Souro Sanou University Hospital in Burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study conducted over 12 months from January 1 to December 31, 2015. Included in our study were all patients received in our department and who required a total or subtotal hysterectomy in the management of a severe postpartum hemorrhage, during the study period. Results: The frequency of hemostasis hysterectomies was 0.4% compared to all deliveries. The average age was 29.65 years old. The average parity was 4.3. Multiparas and large multiparas accounted for 65%. The main indications were uterine rupture (40%) and uterine inertia (60%). Hysterectomy was subtotal in 95% of cases. Maternal morbidity was dominated in 90% of cases by hemorrhagic shock, hemostatic disorders, and obstetrical fistulas. The prognosis was poor, with 8 deaths or 40% of cases. Conclusion: Better management of pregnancy and childbirth would reduce cases of hemostasis hysterectomies. The availability of blood products would improve the maternal prognosis.

Les tumeurs intrarachidiennes sont peu fréquentes. Leur diagnostic positif est basé sur l´imagerie médicale surtout l´IRM. L´anatomopathologie apporte la certitude du diagnostic. La chirurgie est le traitement de choix pour la plupart d´entre elles. Le pronostic est fonction de la nature histologique et de l´état clinique initial du patient. Nous rapportons le profil histologique et l´évolution des tumeurs intra rachidiennes opérées dans notre service. Il s´agissait d´une étude rétrospective sur une période 10 ans. Ont été inclus les cas opérés confirmés à l´histologie (23 cas). Quatre dossiers non exploitables ont été exclus. Les patients ont consulté en moyenne 79 jours après les premiers symptômes pour un syndrome de compression médullaire lente dans 11 cas. Sept TDM et 14 IRM permettaient d´objectiver 4 tumeurs intramédullaires, 9 intradurales, 1 extra durale et 5 localisations non précises. L´histologie concluait à un méningiome dans 11 cas, un neurinome dans 3 cas. Elle a conclu au même diagnostic que l´imagerie médicale dans 7 cas (4 TDM et 3 IRM). L´exérèse était macroscopiquement complète dans 14 cas, partielle dans 5 cas. Après un recul de 6 mois, 6 patients avaient récupéré totalement, 9 partiellement. Le diagnostic était tardif. L´IRM décrivait mieux la lésion, mais était limitée dans l´approche histologique. Les méningiomes dominaient. L´exérèse était le plus souvent complète. Les suites opératoires étaient favorables.

The aims of this work is to study the influence of the partial substitution of natural aggregates by the nut shells of Ricinodendron heudelotii known as AKPI, on the physical-mechanical properties of concrete. The substitution rates made are 5%, 10% and 15%. Test results indicate that the presence of Akpi nut shells (ANS) causes increased porosity and reduced compressive strength of concrete. Increasing of porosity and decreasing of strength become important when the quantity of shell increases in concrete. However, the kinetics of hardening at a young age of the concrete is improved from 1% to 7%.

Les tumeurs intrarachidiennes sont peu fréquentes. Leur diagnostic positif est basé sur l´imagerie médicale surtout l´IRM. L´anatomopathologie apporte la certitude du diagnostic. La chirurgie est le traitement de choix pour la plupart d´entre elles. Le pronostic est fonction de la nature histologique et de l´état clinique initial du patient. Nous rapportons le profil histologique et l´évolution des tumeurs intra rachidiennes opérées dans notre service. Il s´agissait d´une étude rétrospective sur une période 10 ans. Ont été inclus les cas opérés confirmés à l´histologie (23 cas). Quatre dossiers non exploitables ont été exclus. Les patients ont consulté en moyenne 79 jours après les premiers symptômes pour un syndrome de compression médullaire lente dans 11 cas. Sept TDM et 14 IRM permettaient d´objectiver 4 tumeurs intramédullaires, 9 intradurales, 1 extra durale et 5 localisations non précises. L´histologie concluait à un méningiome dans 11 cas, un neurinome dans 3 cas. Elle a conclu au même diagnostic que l´imagerie médicale dans 7 cas (4 TDM et 3 IRM). L´exérèse était macroscopiquement complète dans 14 cas, partielle dans 5 cas. Après un recul de 6 mois, 6 patients avaient récupéré totalement, 9 partiellement. Le diagnostic était tardif. L´IRM décrivait mieux la lésion, mais était limitée dans l´approche histologique. Les méningiomes dominaient. L´exérèse était le plus souvent complète. Les suites opératoires étaient favorables.

Le kyste épidermoïde est une tumeur bénigne d'origine embryonnaire. Il est lié à une localisation anormale du tissu ectodermique. La localisation cervicale est rare. Il peut poser des difficultés diagnostiques, surtout dans les formes volumineuses et compressives. Nous rapportons un cas de volumineux kyste épidermoïde du cou avec des signes de compression des voies aérodigestives supérieures. Le patient a bénéficié d'une cervicotomie avec exérèse de la masse. L'examen anatomopathologique de la pièce opératoire retrouvait un kyste épidermique.

Objective: The aim of this study is to report a case of arachnoid cyst due to mass effect on the thoracic marrow. Observation: A 15-year-old patient was admitted to our institution and complaining of high back pain. Three months before he developed progressive and occasional back pain with thoracic irradiation in hemi-belt, increased by the dorsal decubitus. Neurological examination revealed a spasmodic paraplegia. The muscular strength was quoted as 2 to the left and 3 to the right on a scale of 5. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed and extradural cyst located to the dorsal spinal cord. The ablation of a voluminous translucent cyst was achieved after a vast decompressive laminectomy from the sixth to the eighth thoracic vertebra. The dural communication with the cyst was stitched. After surgery, the pain has disappeared and the neurological recovery was progressive over a period of 21 days. The diagnosis of arachnoid cyst was confirmed by histological examination. Conclusion: The extradural thoracic arachnoid cyst is a rare affection of good forecast. In the symptomatic form, the surgery as soon as possible remains the solution. The MRI keeps all its interest for the diagnostic orientation and the therapeutic strategy.

Introduction: The coexistence of tuberculosis with axillary lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma is uncommon. Observation: We report a case of a patient aged 59 years presenting a painless nodule in the right breast for one year. The scan and mammography revealed a long-axis node of 3 × 2 × 1 cm in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast ranked stage IV by the American College of Radiology (ACR), associated with a set of axillary lymph nodes and the largest one measuring 15 × 15 × 20 millimeters (mm). The breast biopsy helped diagnose a Scarff Bloom Richardson (SBR) grade II non-specific invasive carcinoma, modified by Ellis and Elston. A right mastectomy associated with a lymph node dissection was performed. We noticed a not well defined and whitish 5 mm tumor mass associated with 16 lymph nodes removed. The histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of SBR grade II non-specific invasive carcinoma with invasion of 7 lymph nodes (N+ = 7/16). In 3 metastatic lymph nodes, there were epithelioid and gigantocellular granulomas with full central necrosis. The Ziehl Neelsen staining had highlighted acid-fast bacilli. The tumor was oestrogen and progesteron receptor, without an overexpression of the oncoprotein human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which corresponds to a 0 score and the Ki 67 proliferation index assessed at 10%. The patient was given an anti-tuberculosis treatment combining Rifampicin (H), Isoniazid (I), Pyrazinamid (Z), Ethambutol (E) over 2 months and secondly a combination of Rifampicin and Isoniazid over 4 months (2RHZE/4 RH). The anti-tumor chemotherapy used a protocol combining 3 FAC60+ 3 Docetaxel (F = Fluorouracil®; A = Adriblastin®, C = Cyclophosphamid). Conclusion: This coexistence is uncommon, of incidental discovery and necessitates a multidisciplinary care.

Introduction GIST can occur in all segments of the gastrointestinal tract with a predilection for the stomach. Retroperitoneal localization remains exceptional. We report a case to describe our diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Case presentation A 55-year-old patient was admitted with borborygms and a sensation of lumbar swelling for 6 months. He was diabetic and hypertensive. The clinical examination noted a right lumbar mass with perception of bowel sound anterior to the mass, with minimal discomfort and mobility. Ultrasound revealed a hypervascularised, encapsulated, well-limited retroperitoneal tissue mass in contact with the right psoas muscle. Abdomino-pelvic CT scan showed a large, hypervascularized, encapsulated, calcified tissue mass measuring 147 × 106 mm in close contact with the outer edge of the right psoas muscle, suspected of being malignant. MRI noted a suspicious process developed at the expense of the right psoas muscle in its lumbar and iliac portion suggestive of a psoas rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient underwent laparotomy with a retroperitoneal approach by lumbar incision. Histology and immunohistochemistry revealed a GIST expressing CD117. The patient was put on imatinib for 6 months. He is complaint-free after 4 months. Discussion Despite the rarity of retroperitoneal GIST, it should be considered in the presence of any retroperitoneal mass. This will allow for early management. Conclusion Retroperitoneum is an exceptional location for GIST. Surgery remains the mainstay of curative treatment. Adjuvant imatinib reduces the risk of recurrence. The prognosis is usually good., Highlights • We report a case of retroperitoneal gastroinstestinal stroma tumor (GIST)GIST: an exceptional location of a rare tumor in a 55-year-old patient from Ouagadougou. • The symptoms have evolved about six months. The clinical examination noted a right lumbar mass with perception of bowel sound anterior to the mass. • Histology and immunohistochemistry revealed a GIST expressing CD117 • The patient underwent laparotomy with a right lumbar incision on top of the swelling with uneventful postoperative course.

Background Toxoplasmosis is one of the common worldwide parasitic zoonosis due to Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Toxoplasmosis during pregnancy can result in fetal and neonatal death or various congenital defects. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence and risk factors of T. gondii infection in pregnant women following antenatal care (ANC) services at Bobo Dioulasso. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling a sample of 316 pregnant women attending ANC at centers for maternal and child health of Bobo-Dioulasso town from March 2013 to February 2014. Data on socio-demographic and potential risk factors were collected from each study participant using structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview. Moreover, venous blood specimens were collected and tested for IgM and IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme linked fluorescent assay, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify the potential predictor variables for T. gondii infection. Results The overall seroprevalence for T. gondii infection was 31.1% (98/316). All the pregnant women were positive for IgG anti-bodies exclusively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that having at least a secondary education level (AOR = 2.23; 95% CI: [1.04–4.63]); being urban resident (AOR = 2.81; 95% CI: [1.24–6.86]) and the consumption of meat combination (pork + beef + mutton + wild meat + poultry) (AOR = 4.00; 95% CI: [1.06–15.24]) were potential risk factors of T. gondii infection. Conclusion Toxoplasmosis is frequent in pregnant women and studies that show incidence of T. gondii among the neonates have to be done to introduce routine antenatal screening program to control congenital toxoplasmosis. There is the need for preventive measures such as education of pregnant women about the transmission routes and prevention methods of toxoplasmosis at ANC clinics.

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) or Streptococcus agalactiae, which asymptomatically colonizes the female genital tract, is one of the leading causes of septicemia, meningitis and pneumonia in neonates. This study was conducted in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso to determine the prevalence of GBS colonization among pregnant women. Methods: Six hundred and eleven (611) pregnant women were screened for GBS colonization between July and December 2016. Vaginal swab samples were aseptically collected from the subjects after oral informed consent. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate and identify GBS isolates. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of GBS isolates was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: Colonization prevalence was 6.05%. No risk factors associated with the carriage rate was statistically identified. All isolates were susceptible to Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Levofloxacin, Vancomycin and Nitrofurantoin. Resistance to antibiotics was found for erythromycin (35.14%), lincomycin (16.22%) and penicillin G (10.81%). Conclusion: Although a low carriage (6.05%) rate and isolates were susceptible to many antibiotics found in this study, a policy of systematic screening of pregnant women at least in the third trimester must be promoted.

Aims: We aimed at identifying the high-risk HPV genotypes associated with high-grade dysplastic cervical lesions in Burkina Faso. The available vaccines to Burkina Faso only protect against two high risk HPV genotypes: HPV 16 and 18. Are the genotypes identified in the high-grade precan-cerous lesions in this survey covered by the available vaccines? Methods: The detection and genotyping of high-risk HPV have been conducted based on 118 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded archived tissues using the “HPV Genotypes 14 Real-TM Quant” (Sacace biotechnologies&reg, Italy) kit allowing for the detection of fourteen high-risk HPV genotypes: HPV 16, 31, 18, 39, 45, 59, 33, 35, 56, 68, 51, 52, 58 and 66. Results: The prevalence of high-risk HPV infections was 48.8% based on the appropriate PCR results (21/43). The most common HPV genotypes were HPV 39 (21.7%), HPV 35 (13.0%) and HPV 45 (13.0%). Two cases of multiple infections between HPV 39 - 45 and HPV 39 - 59 have been observed. HPV 16 was not detected in this study. Conclusions: We noted a high prevalence rate for HPV 39, HPV 35 and HPV 45, which are not covered by the commercial vaccines. We also found that the prevalence of HPV 18 was very low in this study and HPV 16 was not detected.

Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre du recyclage des déchets industriels (sciure de bois). L’élaboration du charbon de bois et la production de la sciure de bois par les scieries en Côte d’Ivoire entraînent des problèmes environnementaux, climatiques et sanitaires. La présente étude propose, une solution palliative à ces problèmes à partir de l’élaboration de charbon dénommé biocharbon, réalisé avec ces déchets. Cependant, le problème prédominant est la pression de compactage optimale pour confectionner les combustibles. Le but de cette étude est de déterminer cette pression de compactage. Les matières premières utilisées sont la sciure de bois de l’Iroko (Chlorophora excelsa) carbonisée et l’amidon de manioc (Manioht exculenta) transformé en empois d’amidon (EA). Pour les agglomérer, quatre formulations de rapport EA/Sb égale à 0,75, 0,87, 1 et 1,125 sont employés avec une pression de compactage variant de 100 à 500 kPa par pas de 100. Les résultats obtenus à partir des essais montrent que les biocharbons élaborés avec la formulation de rapports 0,75 ne sont pas bien consolidés quelque soit la pression de compactage. Ceux de rapport 1,125 ne nécessitent pas de pression de compactage et ceux de rapport 0,87 et 1 se consolident à 500 kPa. Concernant la masse volumique, elle augmente avec la pression de compactage et on observe une perte de matière pour le rapport 1,125 lorsque la pression est supérieure à 300 kPa. Les essais de combustion révèlent la présence d’odeurs et un dégagement de fumée pour les biocharbons de rapport 1,125. Ainsi, pour l’élaboration des biocharbons, les rapports 0,87 et 1 sous une pression de compactage de 500 kPa sont à retenir pour la formulation idéale.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection remains a worldwide concern, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and genotypic distribution of High-Risk HPV (HR-HPV) involved in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) II and III and in cervical cancer in Parakou. Out of a total of 149 samples of cervical tissues archived, fixed and paraffin-embedded, 78 samples with histological diagnosis of CIN-II, CIN-III and cervical cancer went through deparaffinization with xylene, followed by an extraction of HPV DNA and the detection of HR-HPV by real-time multiplex PCR. The average age of the women was 40.05±13.99 years. The samples were positive to at least one HR-HPV genotype in 76.92% (50/65) of cases. The HR-HPV genotypes which are most common in the cervical cancer and in CIN-II and III were, respectively HPV-39 (38 and 37.50%), HPV-18 (35 and 31.30%), HPV-45 (35 and 31.30%), HPV-35 (9 and 25%) and HPV-52 (9 and 12.50%). The HPV-16 was absent. This study helped to detect (in samples archived, fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues) HR-HPV involved in high-grade precancerous lesions and in cervical cancer in Parakou, some of which are not covered by currently available vaccines.

La pre-eclampsie severe est un probleme de sante publique. L'atteinte oculaire est une de ses nombreuses complications. Le but de notre travail etait de decrire les atteintes oculaires chez les patientes presentant une pre-eclampsie et/ou eclampsie afin de contribuer a leur meilleure prise en charge. Il s'est agi d'une etude transversale descriptive a collecte prospective allant du 1 er novembre 2013 au 31 juillet 2014, chez les patientes ayant souffert de pre-eclampsie severe/eclampsie. Nous avons inclus 127 patientes dans notre etude. La moyenne d'âge des patientes de notre etude etait de 26,37 ans (ET= 6,8 ans), avec des extremes de 15 et 40 ans. Les tranches d'âge les plus representees etaient celles de 26 a 30 ans avec 29,1% des cas et celle des 15 a 20 ans avec 25,2%. Le diagnostic de pre-eclampsie severe a ete retenu dans 69,3% des cas. Les primigestes representaient 40,9% de la population. Les troubles visuels a type de phosphenes ont ete observes chez 33,1% des patientes. Nous avons note un courant granulaire conjonctival dans 41,7%, des lesions du segment posterieur chez 32,3% des patientes. Ces resultats ont ete discutes par rapport a la litterature, et nous notons plus de cas d'atteinte retinienne. Nous n'avons pas trouve de lien statistiquement significatif entre la tension arterielle a l'admission et le stade de la retinopathie hypertensive. Les complications oculaires de la pre-eclampsie severe sont tres frequentes et souvent ignorees. Les atteintes retiniennes sont frequentes mais de bon pronostic. Keywords: Pre-eclampsie, eclampsie, manifestations oculaires, Burkina Faso

La stabilisation des composites argile-sciure de bois avec le ciment Portland s’accompagne toujours d’une forte perturbation de la structure du composite. Ceci serait du a l’incompatibilite chimique entre le ciment et la sciure de bois. Les resultats obtenus lors de l’etude des caracteristiques mecaniques des composites temoignent d’une desorganisation de la structure entre 0 et 4 % de ciment, ce qui provoque la chute de la resistance a la compression et rend les briques poreuses a ces teneurs. Ceci justifie alors l’augmentation du coefficient d’absorption entre 0 et 5 % de ciment. Eu egard a cette porosite accrue et a la faible resistance mecanique a ces teneurs, les briques ne resistent pas a l’eau lorsqu’elles sont immergees totalement. L’augmentation de la teneur en ciment se traduit dans les briques par une augmentation du nombre d’hydrates de ciment formees. Ces hydrates vont donc progressivement fermer les pores des briques et donc occasionner une diminution du coefficient d’absorption. L’augmentation du nombre d’hydrates de ciment formes est a l’origine de la stabilite des briques dans l’eau a partir de 6 % de ciment.

Introduction: Due to the existence of a variety of types of non-venereal syphilis caused by the related T. pallidum, regular serological testing such as Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) and Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay Technique (CMIA) are often unable to differentiate venereal syphilis from the non- venereal one, hence, the interest in the use of molecular biology testing for a confirmation diagnosis of syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. Objective: The study is designed to assess the effectiveness of PCR testing and serological methods in the diagnosis of Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum among blood donors in Burkina Faso. Methods: The study included 6375 samples of volunteer blood donors from the regional blood transfusion center of Ouagadougou (CRTS/O). Among samples, 183 positive and 59 negative in RPR were analyzed to detect antibodies anti-T. pallidum subsp pallidum with a immunoassay method (CMIA) and were confirmed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction testing. Results: In RPR, we obtained a prevalence rate of 2.9% (183/6375) for treponematosis. From the 183 RPR+ specimen, 108 (59%) were found CMIA+ and 11 (6%) were confirmed PCR+. While the 59 pattern RPR-; 31 (52.5%) were CMIA + including 3 (5.1%) tested PCR+. Seventy-five (75) samples RPR+/CMIA- ; 2 (2.7%) were confirmed positive by PCR. All 28 samples RPR-/CMIA- were confirmed negative by PCR. Conclusion: PCR testing confirmed a low distribution of T. pallidum subsp pallidum in comparison to serological methods. Cross-reactions, existence of non-venereal treponemal or immunological scars could account for the discrepancy between the results obtained.