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2. Thyroid Hormone Receptor Alpha Deletion in ApoE–/– Mice Alters the Arterial Renin-Angiotensin System and Vascular Smooth Muscular Cell Cholesterol Metabolism

Author

Giampiero Bricca, Samia Neggazi, Nadjiba Hamlat, Karine Gauthier, Laurence Canaple, Jacques Samarut, Michel Beylot, and S. Aouichat-Bouguerra

Subjects
0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Vascular smooth muscle, biology, Physiology, Cholesterol, Lipid metabolism, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, chemistry, Thyroid hormone receptor alpha, ABCA1, Internal medicine, Renin–angiotensin system, biology.protein, medicine, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Receptor, 030304 developmental biology, Hormone
Abstract

Thyroid hormone (TH) regulates gene transcription by binding to TH receptors (TRs). TRs regulate the genes of lipid metabolism and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). We examined the effect of TRα deletion in ApoE–/– mice (DKO mice) on the following: (i) the expression of genes controlling cholesterol metabolism and tissue (t)RAS in the liver and aorta and (ii) the expression of these genes and the regulation of cholesterol content in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). TRα deletion in ApoE–/– mice led to the repression of genes involved in the synthesis and influx of cholesterol in the liver. However, TRα deletion in the arterial wall suppressed the expression of genes involved in the esterification and excretion of cholesterol and enhanced the expression of angiotensinogen (AGT). The VSMCs of the ApoE–/– and DKO mice increased their cholesterol content during cholesterol loading, but failed to increase the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). T3 addition partially corrected these abnormalities in the cells of the ApoE–/– mice but not those of the DKO mice. In conclusion, TRα deletion in ApoE–/– mice slightly increases the expression of tRAS in the aorta and aggravates the dysregulation of cholesterol content in the VSMCs.

Published
2018
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3. Effet de la pioglitazone chez des souris insulino-résistantes

Author

I. Tobbal Seghir-Belarbi, Khouloud Hemila, S. Aouichat Bouguerra, and N. Khennaf-Hamlat

Subjects
Endocrinology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, General Medicine
Abstract

Introduction La poglitazone est un agent sensibilisant a l’insuline. Le but de cette etude est l’evaluation des effets de cet antidiabetique sur les alterations structurales et metaboliques du tissu hepatique chez des souris insulino-resistantes. Materiel et methodes Deux lots de souris suivis pendant 6 mois : controle soumis au regime standard et experimente soumis a un regime hypercalorique (HC), ce dernier lot est traite pendant les deux derniers mois de l’experimentation par la pioglitazone en raison de 30 mg/kg de poids corporel/jour. En fin d’experimentation, nous avons evalue les lipides totaux apres extraction au niveau hepatique ainsi que les alterations structurales observees au photomicroscope. Resultats Nous avons remarque une augmentation significative du cholesterol total et des triglycerides hepatique chez les experimentes soumis au regime hypercalorique comparativement aux controles (0,20 ± 0,02 μg/mg de foie vs 0,08 ± 0,004 μg/mg et 0,32 ± 0,03 vs 0,15 ± 0,02 μg/mg de foie respectivement), apres le traitement par la pioglitazone, nous enregistrons une diminution des deux parametres. Au niveau tissulaire, nous avons note l’accumulation de vacuoles lipidiques et l’infiltration par le tissu conjonctif au niveau du foie de souris soumises a un regime HC, ce qui temoigne de l’installation de la steatose hepatique. Le traitement par la pioglitazone, a permis l’amelioration du profil lipidique hepatique ainsi qu’une diminution de l’infiltration adipocytaire au niveau des hepatocytes. Conclusion En definitive, le traitement par le pioglitazone favorise la diminution des lipides totaux au niveau du foie ainsi que sa reorganisation structurale normale.

Published
2021
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4. Poster abstracts of the 18th Pan Arab Cancer Congress. TUNISIA. April 19-21, 2018

Author

J, Aarab, Ibtissem, Abbess, Fathi, Abdalla, Z, Abdelaziz, S, Abdelfattah, I, Abdelli, K, Abdelmajid, Zied, Abdelsselem, N, Abdelwahed, Nihed, Abdessayed, Bassem, Abid, K, Abid, R, Abidi, Asma, Abudabbous, Sana, Abujanah, Afaf, Aburwais, E, Acacha, Nessrine, Acharfi, Nejmeddine, Affes, R, Aftis, I, Ahalli, Mr, Aid, D, Aissaoui, A, Alaoui, M, Alaoui, Salaheddin, Albatran, Aldehmani, Mamdouh, Rabia, Alkikkli, A, Allam, S, Aloulou, Omar, Alqawi, Mussa A, Alragig, Ali, Alsharksi, K Oualla L, Amaadour, L, Amaadour, N, Ameziane, A, Ammari, H, Ammour, R, Amrane, N, Annad, E, Aouati, S, Aouichat, S, Aouragh, S, Arifi, Md, Astra, M, Atassi, Nidhal, Ati, K, Atoui, L, Atreche, S, Ayachi, I, Ayadi, Mohammed Ali, Ayadi, Mouna, Ayadi, Jihene, Ayari, Haroun, Ayed, K, Ayed, Henda, Ayedi, Ines, Ayedi, M, Azegrar, Heifa, Azzouz, Fathi, Babdalla, R, Bachiri, Z, Bachiri, M, Baghdad, R, Bahloul, A, Bahouli, M, Bahri, I, Baississ, Hanae, Bakkali, Mehdi, Balti, O, Baraket, Hayfa, Bargaoui, Rim, Batti, Ahlem, Bedioui, R, Begag, Z, Behourah, Imtinene, Belaid, Asma, Belaïd, Amine, Ben Abdallah, Ichrak, Ben Abdallah, Slim, Ben Ahmed, Tarek, Ben Ahmed, M, Ben Azaiz, M A, Ben Chehida, Leila, Ben Fatma, D, Ben Ghachem, T, Ben Ghachem, J, Ben Hassouna, S, Ben Hmida, Sonia, Ben Nasr, Dalel, Ben Nejima, K, Ben Rahal, M, Ben Rejeb, S, Ben Rhouma, I, Ben Safta, A, Ben Salem, Yosr, Ben Zargouna, Ichrak, Benabdallah, H, Benabdella, Mohamed Zied, Benabdessalem, Khaled, Benahmed, Slim, Benahmed, Hazem, Benameur, S, Benasr, Fz, Benbrahim, W, Benbrahim, Z, Benbrahim, Ma, Benchehida, Yasser, Bencheikh, Tarek, Bendhiab, Leila, Benfatma, A, Bengueddach, M, Benhami, Jamel, Benhassouna, W, Benhbib, Noureddine, Benjaafar, R, Benkali, Wala, Benkridis, A, Benlaloui, Mahmoud, Benmaitig, A, Benmansour, M, Benmouhoub, Farouk, Benna, H, Benna, Marouan, Benna, Mehdi, Benna, H, Bennabdellah, Khaled, Benrahal, Ines, Bensafta, Hanène, Bensalah, A, Bensalem, Mohammed, Bensaud, Riadh, Benslama, M, Benyoub, K, Benzid, H, Bergaoui, M, Beroual, S, Berrad, Y, Berrazaga, Z, Bezzaz, Hanene, Bhiri, M, Bibi, Mohamed Yassine, Binous, Ahlem, Blel, Jamela M, Boder, N, Bouaouina, Hanen, Bouaziz, S, Bouchoucha, Tahia, Boudawara, Zaher, Boudawara, A, Bouderbala, Rima, Bouhali, Malek, Bouhani, R, Boujarnija, Salah, Boujelben, Nadia, Boujelbene, I, Boukerzaza, H, Boukhari, W, Boulfoul, R, Boulma, N, Boumansour, A, Bouned, A, Bounedjar, I, Bouraoui, Saadia, Bouraoui, Rym, Bourigua, M, Bourmech, Hamza, Bousaffa, A, Bousahba, C, Bousrih, A, Boussarsar, Hammouda, Boussen, Selwa, Boutayeb, Khaled, Bouzaidi, Faten, Bouzaiene, H, Bouzaiene, Z, Bouzerzour, Kamel, Bouzid, N, Bouzid, Dw, Bouzidi, W, Bouzidi, Abderrazek, Bouzouita, S, Brahimi, A, Brahmia, Abdelbaset, Buhmeida, Kais, Chaaben, Hatem, Chaabouni, Mohamed, Chaabouni, Kais, Chaabène, H, Chaari, Ines, Chaari, M, Chaari, Imene, Chabchoub, K, Chabeene, K, Chaker, Marouene, Chakroun, M, Charfi, Slim, Charfi, R, Chargui, Md, Charles, Mohamed, Chebil, Khadidja, Cheikchouk, Beya, Chelly, Ines, Chelly, N, Cheraiet, Aziz, Cherif, Mohamed, Cherif, A, Cherifi, T, Chikhrouhou, A, Chikouche, A, Chirouf, Nesrine, Chraiet, Y, Collan, Zhanglin, Cui, Habiba, Dabbebi, Amira, Daldoul, I, Damouche, H, Daoud, N, Daoud, J, Daoued, Khadija, Darif, Dalia O, Darwish, Z, Derbouz, Amine, Derouiche, T T, Dhibe, Tarek, Dhibet, A, Djallaoui, N, Djami, K, Djebbes, H, Djedi, S, Djeghim, L, Djellali, A, Djellaoui, K, Djilat, R, Djouabi, H, Doumbia, Mustafa, Drah, M, Dridi, Mohamed, Hsairi, S, Elabbassi, Fz, Elallia, Zohra, Elati, M, Elattassi, Houda, Elbenna, Mohamed A, Elfagieh, Omran, Elfaitori, Hebatallah, Elfannas, Amine, Elghali, Mohamed Amine, Elghali, Salah, Elgonti, O Elamine, Elhadj, R, Elhazzaz, H, Elkacemi, Khaoula, Elkinany, Youssri, Elkissi, F, Elloumi, Olfa, Elmaalel, I S, Elmajjaou, S, Elmajjaoui, H, Elmhabrech, Fz, Elmrabet, Wesam A, Elsaghayer, Adam, Elzagheid, Fatma, Emaetig, H, Erraichi, Mejda, Essid, Nada, Ewshah, Faten, Ezzairi, Raja, Faleh, Sourour, Fallah, Amr Lotfy, Farag, L, Farhat, R, Fehri, Jihène, Feki, Sami, Fendri, Sana, Fendri, Z, Fessi, Taha, Filali, A, Fissah, M, Fourati, N, Fourati, Mounir, Frikha, C S, Fuchs, Azza, Gabssi, F, Gachi, Selma, Gadria, A, Gammoudi, I, Ganzoui, Asma, Gargoura, Imen, Ghaddabb, Imen, Gharbi, Maroua, Gharbi, E, Ghazouani, N, Gheriani, Abdelmonom, Ghorbel, L, Ghorbel, A, Ghozi, Rafik, Ghrissi, Amine, Gouader, A, Goucha, A, Guebsi, I, Guellil, Fatma, Guermazi, Sondess, Guesmi, Wafa, Guetari, N, Habak, A, Haddad, S, Haddad, Abderrazek, Haddaoui, I, Hadef, Abdelbasit Faraj, Hader, A, Hadiji, F, Hadjarab, Myriam, Hadoussa, Nadia, Hadoussa, Ch, Hafsa, Mariem, Hafsia, Ahmed, Hajji, M, Hajmansour, S, Hamdi, Z, Hamici, S, Hamida, Fehmi, Hamila, Selim, Hamissa, Boussen, Hammouda, Slim, Haouet, I, Harhira, Ayed, Haroun, K, Hassouni, A, Hdiji, Monia, Hechiche, L, Hejjane, C, Hellal, Manseurs, Henni, K, Herbegue, L, Hichami, M, Hikem, Alaa, Hmad, Lina, Hmida, S, Hmissa, Makrem, Hochlaf, A, Houas, M, Houhani, Ali, Huwidi, Chau, Ian, B N, Ibrahim, Noha Y, Ibrahim, H, Idir, Dhilel, Issaoui, A, Itaimi, A E, Izem, Olfa, Jaidane, Daoud, Jamel, H, Jamous, Medsalah, Jarrar, Mohamed Salah, Jarrar, Saber, Jarray, M, Jebsi, Hafedh, Jmal, Abdallah, Juwid, Ons, Kaabia, A, Kablouti, Imene, Kacem, K, Kacem, M Y, Kaid, M, Kallel, R, Kallel, H, Kammoun, Syrjänen, Kari, Sarra, Karrit, Hela, Kchir, Nidhameddine, Kchir, T, Kebdani, N, Kechad, H, Kehili, E, Kerboua, Hassib, Keskes, Nora N, Kessi, N, Khababa, H, Khaldi, Afef, Khanfir, B, Khater, A, Khelif, S, Khemiri, K, Khennouf, H, Khouni, S, Khrouf, Zahra, Kmira, L, Kochbati, Asma, Korbi, N, Kouadri, F, Kouhen, M, Krarti, M, Handoussa, Yanzhi, Hsu, Ons, Laakom, Matti, Laato, Soumaya, Labidi, Fz, Lahlali, A, Lahmidi, A, Lalaoui, Naija, Lamia, A, Lamri, Feryel, Letaief, M R, Letaief, M, Aldehmani, A, Rafael, A M, Liepa, Faten, Limaiem, K, Limam, H, Loughlimi, F, Ltaief, Nadia, Maamouri, Mohamed, Mabrouk, R, Madouri, N, Mahjoub, Z, Mahjoubi, M, Mahrsi, Hochlef, Makrem, W, Mallek, Moez, Manitta, L, Mansoura, Houyem, Mansouri, Maher, Maoua, W, Maoui, Chakroun, Marouene, K, Marzouk, S, Masmoudi, Fatma, May, I, Meddeb, Khedija, Meddeb, S, Meddour, Fatma, Medhioub, Nesrine, Mejri, Mohamed Rochdi, Melizi, N, Mellas, Rihab, Melliti, A, Melzi, N, Merair, F Z, Merrouki, C, Mersali, O, Messalbi, Lina, Messaoudi, S, Messioud, K, Messoudi, Sarra, Mestiri, Amal, Mezlini, Amel, Mezlini, F, Mghirbi, H, Mhabrech, A, Mhiri, N, Midoun, Rabia, Milud, B, Missaoui, Aymen, Mnasser, Wafa, Mnejja, Moncef, Mokni, Amina, Mokrani, Mokrani, Mokrani, R, Moujahed, Y, Moukasse, A, Mouzount, Karima, Mrad, Mohamed Hedi, Mraidha, Nejib, Mrizak, Rafik, Mzali, Y, Mzid, F, M'ghirbi, Abdelwaheb, Nakhli, Chiraz, Nasr, Salsabil, Nasri, Gef, Noubigh, Daoud, Nouha, L, Nouia, Y, Nouira, A, Noureddine, O, Nouri, Atsushi, Ohtsu, H, Ouahbi, K, Oualla, Y, Ouanes, H, Ouaz, A, Ouikene, N, Ouldbessi, Iqbal, Parker, S, Pyrhonen, H, Rachdi, K, Rahal, Khaled, Rahal, M, Rahoui, Henda, Raies, Soumaya, Rameh, K, Reguieg, Haitham, Rejab, R, Rejiba, Mohamed Salah, Rhim, S, Riahi, N, Rouimel, N, Saad Saoud, K, Saadi, Myriam, Saadi, A, Sadou, Ines, Saguem, T, Sahnoun, H, Sahnoune, Saida, Sakhri, A, Sallemi, Asma, Sassi, W, Sbika, C, Sedkaoui, S, Sefiane, A, Sellami, Pyrhönen, Seppo, H, Sfaoua, Syrine, Sghaier, Ali, Shagan, W, Siala, I, Slim, M, Slimene, S, Soltani, S, Souilah, Marwa, Souissi, Badreddine, Sriha Badreddine, Youssef, Swaisi, A, Taibi, T, Taktak, Ghofran, Talbi, S W, Talha, Soha M, Talima, S, Tbessi, N, Tebani, S, Tebra, S, Tebramrad, D, Telaijia, A, Tenni, Ahmedou, Tolba, Yassen, Topov, K, Touil, Nabil, Toumi, W, Toumi, N, Tounsi, Aymen, Trigui, R, Trigui, W, Triki, Maroua, Walha, Ines, Werda, Haythem, Yacoub, Yosra, Yahyaoui, A, Yaich, R, Yaici, M, Yamouni, I, Yeddes, D, Yekrou, Ma, Yousfi, N, Yousfi, M A, Youssfi, L, Zaabar, Sonia, Zaied, I, Zaim, Walid, Zakhama, S, Zayed, Alia, Zehani, I, Zemni, Yosr, Zenzri, S, Zeraoula, O, Zouiten, Olfa, Zoukar, Ws, Zrafi, Aref, Zribi, and Naji, Zubia

Published
2018

5. T300A variant of AT16L1 gene in a cohort of Algerian Crohn disease patients

Author

M. Smara, S. Aouichat-Bouguerra, L. Gamar, H. Kadiri, K. Belhocine, M.-A. Boussafsaf, A. Bousseloub, L. Kecili, S. Chaib, N. Debzi, I. Aida, and Y. Meddour

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Threonine, Adolescent, Mutation, Missense, Autophagy-Related Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Severity of Illness Index, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Serology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Crohn Disease, Genotype, Medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, Age of Onset, ATG16L1, Genotyping, Univariate analysis, Alanine, business.industry, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, 030104 developmental biology, Amino Acid Substitution, Algeria, Case-Control Studies, Cohort, Immunology, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, business
Abstract

The T300A variant is among the most Crohn's disease (CD) associated genetic variants. The aim of our study is to bring a first insight about the contribution of the T300A variant in a cohort of Algerian CD. In a case/control design, 118 Algerian CD patients and 161 unrelated healthy subjects were genotyped for the T300A variant using the allelic discrimination test by Applied Biosystems Taqman® genotyping technology. A serological analysis was carried out using Biosystems™ ELISA kit for the assessment of the anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies and immunofluorimetry via Luminex® technology for the evaluation of cytokine levels (TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6 and IL-17). The comparison between allelic and genotypic frequencies was performed using the χ2 test and the exact Fischer test. The odds ratio (OR) was noted adopting confidence interval of 95%. The comparison between the averages was carried out by the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. A factorial discriminant analysis and a binary logistic regression were performed as further analyses. The T300A variant showed an increased risk of CD within homozygous variant carriers (P=0.027). Moreover, the carriage of the G allele was associated with the early onset of CD (P=0.01) and a severe CD impairment (P=0.045). We were not able to comfort the association of the T300A variant and ASCA IgA, ASCA IgG and IFNγ levels detected at the univariate analysis. Our results suggest a possible association between the T300A variant and CD in this cohort of Algerian CD patients. Moreover, this variant might be incriminated in the early onset of CD and a severe disease impairment. At the serological study, the univariate and the multivariate analyses yielded contradictory results. Further investigations of larger cohorts of Algerian CD are needed to better assess the suggested associations at the present study.

Published
2017

6. L’insulinorésistance chez la souris soumise à un régime riche en jaune d’œuf cuit

Author

N. Khiat, S. Aouichat-Bouguerra, and N. Khennaf-Hamlat

Subjects
Endocrinology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, General Medicine
Abstract

Introduction La resistance a l’insuline est un marqueur physiopathologique du diabete de type 2 et du syndrome metabolique. Le but de notre travail est de montrer l’efficacite du regime administre dans l’installation de l’insulinoresistance chez la souris. Materiel et methodes Deux lots de souris : controles (21) et obeses (24) sont soumis respectivement a un regime standard de laboratoire et un regime hypercalorique constitue d’un quart de jaune d’œuf cuit et 30 % de fructose par jour. Des suivis ponderal et metabolique par des tests de sensibilite a l’insuline et de tolerance au glucose sont realises pendant 2 semaines d’experimentation. Resultats Nous avons enregistre une augmentation significative du poids corporel chez le groupe soumis au regime hypercalorique comparativement aux controles (p Conclusion Le regime administre pendant 8 semaines, constitue de jaune d’œuf cuit, a permis l’installation d’un etat d’insulinoresistance qui pourrait etre responsable de plusieurs anomalies metaboliques et tissulaires.

Published
2018
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7. Lipogenesis in arterial wall and vascular smooth muscle cells of Psammomys obesus: Its regulation and abnormalities in diabetes

Author

N. Hamlat, S. Negazzi, Fabien Forcheron, Michel Beylot, G. Bricca, and S. Aouichat-Bouguerra

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Vascular smooth muscle, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Biology, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Fats, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Insulin resistance, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Liver X receptor, Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein, Aorta, Cells, Cultured, Analysis of Variance, Cholesterol, Gene Expression Profiling, Lipogenesis, Insulin, Nuclear Proteins, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I, Fatty Liver, Disease Models, Animal, Gene Expression Regulation, chemistry, Gerbillinae, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Aim Lipogenesis is expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and such in situ lipogenesis could be providing the fatty acids for triglyceride synthesis and cholesterol esterification, and contributing to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall. This study investigated both the expression and regulation of lipogenesis in VSMCs to determine if they are modified in Psammomys obesus gerbils fed a high-fat diet as a model of insulin resistance and diabetes. Methods Aortas were collected from diabetic and non-diabetic P. obesus for histological examination, measurement of lipogenic gene expression and VSMC culture. Results The aortas of diabetic animals exhibited lipid deposits and foam cells as well as disorganization of elastic fibres. However, lipogenic gene expression was not modified. VSMCs in vitro from the aortas of diabetic animals had, compared with cells from non-diabetic animals, lower mRNA levels of SREBP-1c and ChREBP. An adipogenic medium stimulated moderate FAS and ACC1 expression in cells from both diabetic and non-diabetic animals, but glucose and insulin on their own had no such stimulatory action. Also, triiodothyronine (T3) had a clear stimulatory action, while angiotensin II had a moderate effect, in cells from non-diabetic P. obesus , but not from diabetic animals, whereas LXR agonists stimulated lipogenesis in cells from both animal groups. Conclusion Lipogenesis is expressed in the arterial walls and VSMCs of P. obesus . However, its expression was not increased in diabetes, and did not respond to either T3 or angiotensin II. Therefore, lipogenesis in situ is unlikely to contribute to the accumulation of lipids in the arterial walls of diabetic P. obesus gerbils.

Published
2010
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8. [Relation between structure and function, of the cerebral artery 'carotid' in laboratory rat submitted to atherogenic diet]

Author

L, Ainouz, A, Baz, M A, Ammar Aouchiche, M, Zaouani, S, Aouichat-Bouguera, J, Giaimis, and N, Omari

Subjects
Male, Carotid Arteries, Animals, Diet, Atherogenic, Rats, Wistar, Rats
Abstract

The aim of our investigation was the study of the pathophysiology of the carotid artery in cases of nutritional stress in male atheroresistant Wistar rats.Were administered daily by gavage to experimental rats a high fat diet consisting of peanut oil, cholesterol (3%) and sodium cholate (1%). Throughout this experiment, we conducted monitoring of some biochemical parameters and the morpho-histopathology of the carotid cerebral artery. The results obtained are compared to those of control rats in the same experimental conditions.We found that this fat diet resulted in experimental rats disruption of biochemical tests and tissular and cellular alterations in carotid wall. Indeed, the biochemical examination shows a significant increase of the parameters studied. Morphological examination revealed thickening of the carotid wall and histopathological examination of this artery, highlights the installation of a vascular remodeling from thickening of the intima-media to the installation of a probable atherosclerosis accompanied by a possible hyalinization and a net fibrosis.At the end of this study, although notes that our fat diet could cause a metabolic disorder that can cause multiple tissue and cell damage observed in cerebral artery "carotid" of atheroresistant rats.

Published
2015

9. Effect of High Glucose Concentration on Collagen Synthesis and Cholesterol Level in the Phenotypic Modulation of Aortic Cultured Smooth Muscle Cells of Sand Rat (Psammomys obesus)

Author

F. Bekkhoucha, M. C. Bourdillon, Yasmina Benazzoug, and S. Aouichat Bouguerra

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Extracellular matrix, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, medicine, Animals, Myocyte, Proline, Aorta, Cells, Cultured, chemistry.chemical_classification, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, biology, Cholesterol, Osmolar Concentration, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Disease Models, Animal, Glucose, Phenotype, Endocrinology, Enzyme, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, Collagen, Psammomys, Cellular model, Gerbillinae, Research Article
Abstract

To simulate diabetic conditions, the effects of high glucose concentration on collagen synthesis and cholesterol level in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells ofPsammomyswere investigated. For collagen biosynthesis, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were incubated in synthetic proliferative phase and in postconfluent phase withH3-proline. Cellular cholesterol was determined by enzymatic method. Under high glucose concentration, the results showed morphological modifications characterized by morphometric cellular, nuclear, and nucleolar changes. In biochemical studies, the authors observed an increase of free and esterified cellular cholesterol as well as of total proteins, collagen biosynthesis, andα1 (I+III) andα2 (I) chains of collagen contained in the SMCs and in the extracellular matrix. These results showed the sensitivity ofPsammomysaortic SMCs to high glucose concentration and would constitute an interesting cellular model to study atherosclerosis pathogeny in experimental diabetes.

Published
2004
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10. Effet d’une surcharge en méthionine sur la paroi cardiaque chez Psammomys obesus

Author

L. Khedis, Anissa Moulahoum, Fouzia Zerrouk, B. Chaouad, S. Aouichat, K. Othmani, A. Ghoul, and Yasmina Benazzoug

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine
Abstract

Introduction et but de l’etude L’hyperhomocysteinemie est consideree comme un facteur de risque independant des pathologies cardiovasculaires. De nombreuses etudes experimentales, cliniques et epidemiologiques mettent en evidence cette forte association. Ce travail a pour objectif l’etude de l’impact d’une surcharge en methionine sur la matrice extracellulaire (MEC) cardiaque du rat des sables Psammomys obesus. L’hyperhomocysteinemie est provoquee par injection intraperitoneale de methionine a raison de 100 mg/kg de poids corporel/j pendant 1 mois. Materiel et methodes Dans ce travail, nous avons essaye de determiner l’impact d’une hyperhomocysteinemie experimentale provoque par l’administration chronique d’un exces en methionine, par voie intraperitoneale a raison de 100 mg par kg de poids corporel par jour pendant un mois sur un modele atherosensible a savoir, P. obesus. Afin de determiner l’impact d’une surcharge en methionine sur le plan biochimique et histologique, nous avons effectue : une etude biochimique pour determiner certains parametres plasmatiques (cholesterol, triglycerides, lipides totaux, proteines totales et l’acide urique), et une etude histologique et histochimique du cœur. Resultats et analyse statistique Les changements structuraux reveles par les techniques histologiques et histochimiques appropriees ont montre que l’administration de la methionine altere l’organisation des differentes couches du cœur. Ces alterations cardiaques sont representees par des agregations sanguines, une hypertrophie de l’endothelium endocardique et vasculaire, une modification de la composition de la MEC myocardique marquee par une accumulation de collagenes et de proteoglycannes, celle-ci semble correlee a une desorganisation des cardiomyocytes. Par ailleurs, l’apparition d’espaces entre les cardiomyocytes et au niveau de l’epicarde semblent indiquer une alteration des relations cardiomyocytes–MEC (myocarde) et fibroblastes–MEC (epicarde). L’ensemble des parametres biochimiques plasmatiques (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides et proteines) que nous avons etudie, ont subi des variations plus au moins importantes au cours de l’experimentation. Conclusion Ces resultats soulignent que l’hyperhomocysteinemie provoque des variations tant plasmatiques que tissulaires cardiaques, et nous permettent d’affirmer que l’homocysteine est un facteur des pathologies cardiovasculaires.

Published
2016
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11. Chronic dehydration affects hydroelectrolytic equilibrium and adrenal gland morphology in wistar rat: comparison with Gerbillus tarabuli

Author

S. Aouichat, Saliha Ouali-Hassenaoui, Aicha Dekar-Madoui, and H. Touati

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, biology, Rodent, Adrenal gland, Histology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Basal (phylogenetics), medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, biology.animal, medicine, Gerbillus tarabuli, Dehydration, Medulla, Hormone
Abstract

Shortage of water supply is the most important stress condition that can meet man and animals. Since the adrenal gland plays a pivotal role in the stress response, the aim of our work is to study, in the male Wistar rat, the effects of chronic dehydration on adrenal gland structure compared to that of a desert rodent: Gerbillus tarabuli . Adults and male Wistar rats and gerbils were divided into: i) control rats (n=8) given free access to tap water); ii) dehydrated rats (n=8) given 2% NaCl solution ad libitum for 7 days and (iii) G.tarabuli (n=6) given barely seeds ad libitum without access to water. Chronic dehydration caused strong adreno-chromaffin cells degranulation in rats. For the gerbils, adrenal zona fasciculate and medulla features suggest respectively an increased production and releases of glucocorticoides but a basal stress hormones release. These results suppose that shortage of water in arid environment does not constitute a stress factor for this specie.

Published
2017
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12. Morphological study of adrenal glands in Wistar rat subjected to chronic dehydration : Comparison with a desert rodent Gerbillus tarabuli

Author

Saliha Ouali-Hassenaoui, Aicha Dekar-Madoui, H. Touati, and S. Aouichat

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Adrenal gland, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, General Medicine, Hematocrit, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Gerbil, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Zona fasciculata, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, medicine, Gerbillus tarabuli, Dehydration, Metabolic water, Saline
Abstract

Diet constitutes an important source of water in desert environments. For rodents surviving under such drastic conditions suggests a state of permanent stress. So, we investigated the effect of chronic dehydration on plasma parameters and adrenal gland structure compared to that of Gerbillus tarabuli. 12 male rats were divided into control and dehydrated group submitted to ingestion of 2 % saline solution for 7 days. Gerbils (n = 6) group was fed with barely grain. Osmolality, and hematocrit were determined and adrenal glands were treated by histological technique. Dehydrated rats show a significant increase in hematocrit and osmolality ; confirming hypovolemic state. Gerbil presented low hematocrit suggesting that their blood contains more water. However, its osmolality was similar to that of dehydrated rats. Dehydration induced degranulation of adrenaline chromaffine cells and enlargement of capillaries, suggesting strong adrenalin release. However, gerbils showed the same structure as that of controls, indicating basal stress hormone release. Parallely, the zona fasciculata (ZF) of dehydrated rats and gerbils, show a loss of the spongy appearance and capillary dilatations which can be related to an increased production of glucocorticoides. Considering all results, it appears that the chronic dehydration constitutes a stress condition in Wistar rats, but shortage of water, which characterizes the arid environment of gerbil is not a stress factor for this specie. In gerbil, morphological features of ZF, don’t seem to be a stress response ; it would be rather an indication of metabolic strategy, probably for metabolic water production.

Published
2014
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14. Non insulin dependent diabetes in sand rat (Psammomys obesus) and production of collagen in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells. influence of insulin

Author

Y. Dahmani, F. Bekkhoucha, M. C. Bourdillon, and S. Aouichat Bouguerra

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cell division, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Biosynthesis, Reference Values, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Hyperinsulinemia, Animals, Insulin, Aorta, Cells, Cultured, biology, Goats, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, chemistry, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Algeria, Psammomys, Collagen, Gerbillinae, Type I collagen, Cell Division, Research Article
Abstract

In this report, we have shown that the standard laboratory diet administered toPsammomys obesus(sand rat) from Beni Abbes in Algeria, induced a non-insulin dependant diabetes, characterised by increase of body weight (pMetabolic radiolabelling and Immunochemical procedures revealed that, in diabetic state, synthetic SMC (SMCs) actively produce type I and III collagen which are synthesised in the cells and secreted in the medium; type I collagen was predominant as compared with type III collagen. Diabetes enhanced the collagen synthesis. Low dose of Insulin added to the medium, during 48h of incubation, induced a marked reduction in the synthesis of collagen types, especially type I collagen.

Published
2002

16. Effects of glucose on cholesterol flux and protein synthesis in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells of sand rats (Psammomys obesus)

Author

Y. Bennazzoug, M. C. Bourdillon, F. Bekhoucha, S. Aouichat, and Y. Dahmani

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Chemistry, Cholesterol, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Smooth muscle, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Protein biosynthesis, Psammomys, Flux (metabolism)
Published
2009
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21. O54 Expression de la lipogenèse dans la paroi artérielle et les cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires : stimulation par LXR et répression dans l’insulino-résistance

Author

Michel Beylot, Fabien Forcheron, S. Aouichat-Bouguerra, and P. Del Carmine

Subjects
Endocrinology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, General Medicine
Abstract

Introduction Les cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires expriment la lipogenese et accumulent des triglycerides, en particulier en presence d'insuline. Cette accumulation est retrouvee au niveau de la plaque d'atherome. L'hyperinsulinisme de l'insulino-resistance pourrait stimuler cette lipogenese et favoriser le depot de triglycerides dans la paroi arterielle. La lipogenese arterielle pourrait aussi etre favorisee par les agonistes de LXRα, proposes dans le cadre de l'atherome, mais qui stimulent la lipogenese hepatique. Materiels et methodes Nous avons mesure l'expression des genes de la lipogenese dans la paroi aortique de rats Zucker obeses, modele d'insulino-resistance, et de leurs controles (etudies a l'âge de 7, 14 et 21 semaines) ainsi que dans des cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires en culture obtenues a partir des 2 groupes de rats. L'action de l'insuline et d'agonistes LXR a ete testee in vitro . Resultats Malgre un depot aortique de triglycerides plus important (p In vitro , en presence de milieu adipogenique (insuline), l'expression de FAS et de Srebp-1c etait plus elevee dans les cellules de rats controles que de rats obeses. Le TO901317, agoniste de LXR et PXR, stimule (p Conclusion La lipogenese est bien exprimee dans la paroi arterielle et les cellules musculaires lisses vasculaires ou elle est stimulee par le recepteur nucleaire LXR. Cette expression n'est pas augmentee dans une situation d'insulino-resistance. La plus grande accumulation de triglycerides dans la paroi aortique des rats Zucker obeses parait liee plus a l'hypertriglyceridemie plasmatique qu'a une modification de l'expression des voies de captation et de synthese d'acides gras.

Published
2009
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23. Nigellasativa L. and its bioactive and nutraceutical components in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Author

Khodaie, Seyed-Ali, Razavi, Roghaye, Nikkhah, Haniyeh, Namiranian, Nasim, and Kamalinejad, Mohammad

Subjects
BLACK cumin, DIABETIC neuropathies, DIABETES complications, BIOACTIVE compounds, OXIDATIVE stress
Abstract

Diabetes-induced hyperglycemia leads to excessive production of oxygen free radicals, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress, which initiates diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Currently, this condition affects 20% of adults with diabetes. Despite significant advances in the treatment of diabetes, the incidence of its complications, including DPN, is still high. Thus, there is a growing research interest in developing more effective and treatment approaches with less side effects for diabetes and its complications. Nigellasativa L. (NS) has received much research attention as an antioxidant, anti-yperglycemic factor, and anti-inflammatory agent. This natural compound demonstrates its antidiabetic neuropathy effect through various pathways, including the reduction of lipid peroxidation, the enhancement of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, and the decrease in inflammatory cytokine levels. The present review focuses on the bioactive and nutraceutical components of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and their effects on DPN. In addition, we have also summarized the findings obtained from several experimental and clinical studies regarding the antidiabetic neuropathy effect of NS in animal models and human subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Nigella sativa L. and its bioactive and nutraceutical components in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Author

Khodaie SA, Razavi R, Nikkhah H, Namiranian N, and Kamalinejad M

Subjects
Humans, Animals, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Diabetic Neuropathies drug therapy, Diabetic Neuropathies metabolism, Nigella sativa chemistry, Dietary Supplements, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Antioxidants pharmacology, Plant Extracts pharmacology
Abstract

Diabetes-induced hyperglycemia leads to excessive production of oxygen free radicals, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress, which initiates diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Currently, this condition affects 20% of adults with diabetes. Despite significant advances in the treatment of diabetes, the incidence of its complications, including DPN, is still high. Thus, there is a growing research interest in developing more effective and treatment approaches with less side effects for diabetes and its complications. Nigella sativa L. (NS) has received much research attention as an antioxidant, anti-yperglycemic factor, and anti-inflammatory agent. This natural compound demonstrates its antidiabetic neuropathy effect through various pathways, including the reduction of lipid peroxidation, the enhancement of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, and the decrease in inflammatory cytokine levels. The present review focuses on the bioactive and nutraceutical components of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and their effects on DPN. In addition, we have also summarized the findings obtained from several experimental and clinical studies regarding the antidiabetic neuropathy effect of NS in animal models and human subjects., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

Published
2024
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25. Lipogenesis in arterial wall and vascular smooth muscular cells: regulation and abnormalities in insulin-resistance

Author

Peggy del Carmine, Samia Negazzi, Nadjiba Hamlat, Giampiero Bricca, Michel Beylot, S. Aouichat-Bouguerra, Fabien Forcheron, and Patrick Feugier

Subjects
Male, lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, Time Factors, Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated, medicine.medical_treatment, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, chemistry.chemical_compound, Insulin, Myocyte, Aorta, Cells, Cultured, Liver X Receptors, Sulfonamides, Middle Aged, Orphan Nuclear Receptors, Carotid Arteries, Lipogenesis, cardiovascular system, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Carbohydrate metabolism, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Obesity, RNA, Messenger, Liver X receptor, Triglycerides, Original investigation, Aged, Cholesterol, business.industry, Atherosclerosis, medicine.disease, Culture Media, Rats, Rats, Zucker, Disease Models, Animal, Glucose, Endocrinology, Atheroma, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gene Expression Regulation, chemistry, lcsh:RC666-701, Insulin Resistance, business
Abstract

Background Vascular smooth muscular cells (VSMC) express lipogenic genes. Therefore in situ lipogenesis could provide fatty acids for triglycerides synthesis and cholesterol esterification and contribute to lipid accumulation in arterial wall with aging and during atheroma. Methods We investigated expression of lipogenic genes in human and rat arterial walls, its regulation in cultured VSMC and determined if it is modified during insulin-resistance and diabetes, situations with increased risk for atheroma. Results Zucker obese (ZO) and diabetic (ZDF) rats accumulated more triglycerides in their aortas than their respective control rats, and this triglycerides content increased with age in ZDF and control rats. However the expression in aortas of lipogenic genes, or of genes involved in fatty acids uptake, was not higher in ZDF and ZO rats and did not increase with age. Expression of lipogenesis-related genes was not increased in human arterial wall (carotid endarterectomy) of diabetic compared to non-diabetic patients. In vitro, glucose and adipogenic medium (ADM) stimulated moderately the expression and activity of lipogenesis in VSMC from control rats. LXR agonists, but not PXR agonist, stimulated also lipogenesis in VSMC but not in arterial wall in vivo. Lipogenic genes expression was lower in VSMC from ZO rats and not stimulated by glucose or ADM. Conclusion Lipogenic genes are expressed in arterial wall and VSMC; this expression is stimulated (VSMC) by glucose, ADM and LXR agonists. During insulin-resistance and diabetes, this expression is not increased and resists to the actions of glucose and ADM. It is unlikely that this metabolic pathway contribute to lipid accumulation of arterial wall during insulin-resistance and diabetes and thus to the increased risk of atheroma observed in these situations.

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26. Effects of Mucuna milk (Mucuna pruriens L.) on body weight and serum biochemistry in rats fed hyperlipidaemic diet.

Author

Dimitry, Mang Yannick, Thérèse, Bidja Abena Marie, Edith, Djiogue Manejo Josiane, Armand, Abdou Bouba, and Nicolas, Njintang Yanou

Subjects
CHOLESTEROL content of food, HIGH-fat diet, BODY weight, ORAL drug administration, DISEASE risk factors, ABDOMINAL adipose tissue
Abstract

Background: Hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress is recognized as risk factor for several diseases such as COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Mucuna milks on body weight gain, blood lipid levels and redox status in rat model fed high fat diet. Methods: Mucuna milks were produced from two varieties of Mucuna seeds. Three controls (I, II, III) made of normal rats fed with standard diet, rats fed with high fat diet and rats fed with high fat diet submitted to oral administration of atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day). In addition, four test groups (IV, V, VI, VII) made with rats fed high fat diet and received oral administration of 20 mL of vegetable milk per day (10 mL at morning and 10 mL at afternoon). Results: Results confirmed that rats on the high fat diet only showed an increasing of about 224% of their initial body weight, abdominal fat and a significant (p < 0.05) increases of lipid peroxidation (MDA) in liver and heart after five weeks. However, oral administration of Mucuna milk inhibit weight gain by about 66% and abdominal fat (54.53–55.60%). The reduction of LDL, VLDL, Triglycerides and Total cholesterol was remarkable in groups of rat treated with vegetable milk, about 67% reduction for dehulled Mucuna milks (DCM, DVM) and 69% reduction for whole Mucuna milks (WCM, WVM). Hyperlipidemic group rats had higher ASAT (134.17 UI/L) and ALAT (101.72 UI/L) levels, but Mucuna milks improved the ASAT and ALAT levels in rats. The reduction of MDA (70 − 50%) was related to phenolic content of Mucuna milks. significant and negative correlations was observed between catalase and MDA (r= -0.86; p = 0.05); MDA and SOD (r = − 0.60; p = 0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that treatment with Mucuna milks have anti-hyperlipidemia properties and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Evaluation of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Adipose Tissue of Hypertensive Lyon Rats.

Author

Tobbalseghir-Belarbi, I., Khennaf-Hamlat, N., Neggazi, S., Beylot, M., and Aouichat-Bouguerra, S.

Abstract

Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke and metabolic heart disease characterized by elevated systemic arterial blood pressure (BP), inflammation of adipose tissue (AT) contribute to hypertension development and progression. We investigated the impact of hypertension on adipose tissue inflammation by evaluation of mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1) in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) and renal adipose tissue (RAT). Three strains of Lyon rat are used, the hypertensive strain (LH) with the highest BP (164.6 ± 2.16 mmHg), the hypotensive strain (LL) with the lowest blood pressure (131.8 ± 1.94 mmHg) and the strain that has BP (124.5 ± 2.06 mmHg) equal to that observed on average in the group that characterizes the normotensive strain (LN). The results show that the adipose tissue of hypertensive Lyons rats is characterized by an increase in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα) compared to the adipose tissue of other strains. We note in the PVAT of hypertensive rats a higher level of IL-6 in this strain (2.04 × 10–5 ± 4.01 × 10–6 ng/µg 18S) compared with its level in normotensive (7.39 × 10–6 ± 2.01 × 10–6 ng/µg 18S) and hypotensive rats (5.09 × 10–6 ± 1.04 × 10–6 ng/µg 18S), the same pattern was recorded in EAT for IL-6 expression and in PVAT, EAT, and RAT for TNFα expression. These results show that hypertension is associated with inflammation of perivascular, epididymal, and renal adipose tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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30. Impact of Zinc Transport Mechanisms on Embryonic and Brain Development.

Author

Willekens, Jeremy and Runnels, Loren W.

Abstract

The trace element zinc (Zn) binds to over ten percent of proteins in eukaryotic cells. Zn flexible chemistry allows it to regulate the activity of hundreds of enzymes and influence scores of metabolic processes in cells throughout the body. Deficiency of Zn in humans has a profound effect on development and in adults later in life, particularly in the brain, where Zn deficiency is linked to several neurological disorders. In this review, we will summarize the importance of Zn during development through a description of the outcomes of both genetic and early dietary Zn deficiency, focusing on the pathological consequences on the whole body and brain. The epidemiology and the symptomology of Zn deficiency in humans will be described, including the most studied inherited Zn deficiency disease, Acrodermatitis enteropathica. In addition, we will give an overview of the different forms and animal models of Zn deficiency, as well as the 24 Zn transporters, distributed into two families: the ZIPs and the ZnTs, which control the balance of Zn throughout the body. Lastly, we will describe the TRPM7 ion channel, which was recently shown to contribute to intestinal Zn absorption and has its own significant impact on early embryonic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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31. Evidence-based anti-viral and immunomodulatory potential of Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) in COVID-19.

Author

Riaz, Muhammad, Khan, Majid, Ahmad, Rizwan, Hussain AlLehaibi, Lina, Rahman, Najmur, and Deqiang, Dou

Subjects
COVID-19, BLACK cumin, SARS-CoV-2, CELL adhesion molecules, VIRUS diseases, CORONAVIRUS disease treatment, RESPIRATORY organs
Abstract

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2022
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33. Evaluation of Cell Death Potential of Lepidium sativum Seed Extracts in MCF-7 Cells and Molecular Docking-based Correlation of Identified Bioactive Components with Human Caspase-6 Protein.

Author

R., Rajasekaran and P. K., Suresh

Subjects
CASPASES, CELL death, BIOACTIVE compounds, LEPIDIUM, ZYMOGENS, CANCER cells, EXTRACTS
Abstract

Aim and Background: The methanolic extract of Lepidium sativum L. was known for its free radical scavenging potential and anticancer properties. The aim was to perform a comparative investigation of the cytotoxic and cell death potential of the Soxhlet (SOX) and crude methanolic extract (CRU). Materials and Methods: MTT as well as the PI-based assays in caspase-3-deficient, MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, for its cytotoxic potential and synergistic effect. LC-QTOF-MS/MS was used for characterization. These bioactive molecules were docked with human caspase-6 (2WDP) as well as its zymogen variant (4IYR) to mimicking a more physiological form of cell demise. Results: Both extracts showed a dose-dependent toxicity and the IC50 was found to be 136.75µg/ml, and 88.49 µg/ml compared with that of standard quercetin (8.72µg/ml). At their IC50 concentrations, the corresponding PI-based flow cytometry and cell death values were 31.5±3% and 32.4±5.6, while that of quercetin was 36.9±7.4 %. A synergy in cell death was seen for a combination of L. sativum extracts (CRU-MeOH & SOX-MeOH) and quercetin. Thirteen (13) compounds were reported for the first time in this seed by LC-MS/MS. Good binding affinity was seen with both human caspase -6 (2WDP) and the mutated zymogen (4IYR) with reference to that of quercetin. Conclusion: This in vitro/in silico correlation showed that the methanolic extracts of L. sativum exhibited a significantly higher level of cell death in MCF-7 cells. Also, their synergistic increases in cell death provides a basis possibly for a combination therapy-based strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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34. Effect of Alteration in Nutritional Style on Liver Function Tests and General Stool Examination.

Author

Jouda, Jamela, Mohammed, Iyden Kamil, Asad, Shatha Salah, Faraj, Yusur Falah, and Salih, Khalid M.

Subjects
LIVER function tests, ASPARTATE aminotransferase, ALANINE aminotransferase, ANIMAL products, DIGESTIVE organs, GASTROINTESTINAL system
Abstract

Our previous work showed that changing in nutritional style play an important role in modifying the architectural aspects of various organs at the tissue level such as intestine and liver. Those findings need further investigation at physiological levels, so this work aimed to study the effect of transition from a completely plant-based diet to 10% animal products on liver function tests and general stool examination in mice. Eight-week-old Balb /c male mice were divided into two groups (n=8); the first one fed on the restricted diet containing 10% of sheep’s brain homogenate, and the second fed on a conventional diet for 7 days ad libitum that act as a control group. At the end of the experiment, the characteristic of stool was examined by general stool examination test. After that, all mice were sacrificed and the blood samples were collected from eyes by surgical removal of the eyeball to determine blood alanine transaminase ALT and aspartate transaminase AST. The results showed that the stools of the restricted group were black and solid; have indigested material, fatty drops, and monilia; and have a high number of pus, RBC, and epithelial cells. ALT, AST, and ALT/AST ratio were significantly higher in the restricted group compared to control. On the other hand, ALT and ALT/AST ration have significant positive correlation with general stool examination parameters. It can be concluded that changing in nutritional style rather than conventional diet plays a crucial role in modifying the architectural aspects of different organs not only at tissue level but also at the physiology level especial in the digestive system due to indigestion and absorption processes, negative immune responses and even neural reflex. The effect of this diet changing on neural reflex need farther research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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35. Effect of controlled differential sieving processing on micronutrient contents and in vivo antioxidant activities of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyxes powder.

Author

Deli, Markusse, Nguimbou, Richard Marcel, Njantou Baudelaire, Elie, Njintang Yanou, Nicolas, Scher, Joël, and Mbofung, Carl Moses

Abstract

Sun-dried calyxes of Hibiscus sabdariffa were finely grinded and fractionated by controlled differential sieving processing (CDSp) into four granulometric classes. The obtained powder fractions were examined for their micronutrient contents and in vivo antioxidant properties in high-fat diet induced oxidation model rats. Unsieved powder and lyophilized ethanolic extract were used for comparison. Micronutrient contents and antioxidant properties were significantly influenced (p < 0.05) by particle sizes. The mineral, vitamin, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents were shown to be higher in smaller powder particles. Comparatively, the ethanolic extract powder had the higher carotenoid, vitamin and anthocyanin contents while the superfine powders < 180 µm and 180–212 µm had the higher mineral contents and antioxidant properties which was characterized by high superoxide dismutase, catalase activities and low malondialdehyde production. Plant grinding followed by CDSp may be an option to improve micronutrient content and antioxidant activity of plant powders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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36. Effect of Nigella sativa oil supplement on risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Author

Kooshki, Akram, Tofighiyan, Tahereh, Rastgoo, Neda, Rakhshani, Mohammad Hassan, and Miri, Mohammad

Subjects
RESEARCH, VEGETABLE oils, RESEARCH methodology, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, EVALUATION research, MEDICAL cooperation, TYPE 2 diabetes, COMPARATIVE studies, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, BLIND experiment, DISEASE complications
Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Nigella sativa oil on serum level of systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was based on 50 patients with T2DM. Patients were allocated randomly to either N. sativa oil or placebo groups. The intervention group received 1,000 mg N. sativa oil as two capsules, daily for 8 weeks, whereas the placebo group received a corresponding placebo. At baseline and the end of the study, 5 ml blood was collected from each patient after 14-hour fasting for measuring serum C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), FBS, and lipid profile. Analyses covariance was performed to compare investigated parameters between two groups, controlled for relevant covariates. Using N. sativa supplement was significantly associated with decrease in FBS (p < .001), triglyceride (p < .001), total cholesterol (p < .001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < .001), serum hs-CRP, MDA (p < .001) and increase in serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < .001) in intervention group compared with placebo group. Nigella sativa oil supplement has cardiovascular protective effects in patients with T2DM, by improving the lipid profile and glycemia, by reducing the C-reactive protein level and the lipid peroxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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37. The Influence of Adding Turnip Roots (Brassica rapa var. rapa L.) Powder on The Antioxidant Activity and Acrylamide Content in some Fried Foods.

Author

Marwa, Z. Mahfouz, Abd-Elnoor, Asteer V., and Abd El-Razek, Ragwa I.

Subjects
ACRYLAMIDE, FRIED food, ANTIOXIDANTS, TURNIPS, POWDERS, GLUTATHIONE
Abstract

Copyright of Alexandria Science Exchange Journal is the property of Alexandria Science Exchange Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2019
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38. Enhancement of the Soluble Form of OX40 and OX40L Costimulatory Molecules but Reduction of the Membrane Form in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D).

Author

An, Jingnan, Ding, Sisi, Li, Sicheng, Sun, Lili, Chang, Xin, Huang, Ziyi, Zhou, Bin, Fang, Chen, Liu, Cuiping, and Zhang, Xueguang

Subjects
TYPE 1 diabetes, FLOW cytometry
Abstract

This study analyzed the expression of membrane OX40 and OX40L (mOX40 and mOX40L) and levels of soluble OX40 and OX40L (sOX40 and sOX40L) in T1D patients to determine their clinical significance. Peripheral blood (PB) was collected from patients with T1D and healthy control participants. Expression of mOX40 and mOX40L on immune cells was detected by flow cytometry. Levels of sOX40 and sOX40L in sera were measured by ELISA. We demonstrated for the first time enhanced sOX40 and sOX40L expression and reduced mOX40 and mOX40L levels in T1D patients which correlated with the clinical characteristics and inflammatory factors. These results suggest that OX40/OX40L signal may be promising biomarkers and associated with the pathogenesis of T1D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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39. An updated literature-based review: phytochemistry, pharmacology and therapeutic promises of Nigella sativa L.

Author

Islam, Muhammad Torequl, Khan, Md. Roich, and Mishra, Siddhartha Kumar

Abstract

An in depth review on Nigella sativa and its derived constituents has been necessitated which has been sketched in this paper from the research reports obtained from PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Findings of this meticulous review suggest that N. sativa possesses various important phytoconstituents and derived compounds with diverse biological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-parasitic, anti-protozoal, antiviral, cytotoxic, anticancer, and neuro-, gastro-, cardio-, hepato- and nephro-protective activities. In addition, N. sativa implies beneficiary effects on reproductive, pulmonary and immune systems along with diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes), fertility, breast cancer, dermatological complications, dehydration, dyspepsia, osmotic balance and others. Amongst several isolated chemical moieties of N. sativa, thymoquinone may be one of the best targets for treatment of microbial infections, inflammations, cancer, metabolic syndromes, and many other diseases. The N. sativa is evident to promote health in some non-clinical and clinical studies and it may serve to be one of the best sources for modern phyto medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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41. Co-administration of Pterocarpus marsupium Extract and Glibenclamide Exhibits Better Effects in Regulating Hyperglycemia and Associated Changes in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Mice.

Author

Sharma N, Kar A, Panda S, and Yadav D

Subjects
Male, Mice, Animals, Plant Extracts chemistry, Phytotherapy, Glyburide adverse effects, Alloxan adverse effects, Antioxidants pharmacology, Antioxidants therapeutic use, Lipids, Glucose, Body Weight, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental chemically induced, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental drug therapy, Hyperglycemia drug therapy
Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known global metabolic disorder. For its treatment, glibenclamide (GLB) is very often prescribed. However, herbal drugs are considered effective and better alternatives due to their low risk of side effects. This study was conducted to determine the combined effects of GLB and Pterocarpus marsupium (PM, a commonly available Indian herb) extract for the effective and safe treatment of hyperglycemia in the mouse model., Methods: Healthy adult male mice were distributed into five groups (n=7 in each group). Group I acted as the control, whereas groups II, III, IV, and V were considered experimental groups which received a single dosage (150 mg/kg body weight) of alloxan (ALX) intraperitoneally (i.p.). In addition, groups III, IV, and V received a pre-standardized dose of GLB (500 μg/kg body weight), PM extract (150 mg/kg body weight), and GLB+PM, respectively, at the same doses as used in individual treatment, after the seventh day of ALX administration for 15 days and the alterations in different DM related parameters were evaluated., Results: ALX-induced hyperglycemia and other adverse effects were nearly normalized by GLB and PM co-treatment as evidenced by marked suppression in glucose, triglyceride, total-cholesterol, lipid-peroxidation, and lipid-hydroperoxides with an increase in antioxidants status and liver glycogen content. The positive effects were more pronounced when both GLB and PM were given, as compared to that of either of the drugs, administered alone. Liver ultra-structure, analyzed through histology and transmission electron microscopy revealed normalization of the ALX-induced damaged hepatocytes. The presence of epicatechin, the major phytoconstituent of the PM extract, as confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), is responsible for its antioxidative and glucose-lowering activities., Conclusion: These findings reveal that PM, along with GLB, exhibits synergistic and better effects than the individual drug in regulating hyperglycemia and associated changes in alloxan-induced mice., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Published
2022
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43. Hepatic adverse drug reactions in Malaysia: An 18-year review of the national centralized reporting system.

Author

Lee FY, Wong HS, Chan HK, Mohamed Ali N, Abu Hassan MR, Omar H, and Abdul Mutalib NA

Subjects
Databases, Factual, Humans, Malaysia epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions diagnosis, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions epidemiology
Abstract

Purpose: To determine the incidence, demographic profile, background of reporters, causative agents, severity and clinical outcomes of hepatic adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports in Malaysia using the national ADR reporting database., Methods: The ADR reports recorded between 2000 and 2017 were retrospectively analysed to identify hepatic ADR reports. The trend and characteristics of hepatic ADR cases were described. Multivariate disproportionality analysis of the causative agents was performed to generate signals of hepatic ADRs., Results: A total of 2090 hepatic ADRs (1.77% of all ADRs) were reported with mortality rate of 12.7% among cases with known clinical outcomes. The incidence of hepatic ADR reporting in Malaysia increased significantly over 18 years from 0.26 to 9.45 per million population (P < .001). Antituberculosis drugs (n = 268, 12.82%) was the most common suspected class of causative agents with a reporting odds ratio (ROR) and 95% CI of 8.39 (7.26-9.70), followed by traditional/complementary medicines or herbal/dietary supplements (TCM/HDS) (n = 235, 11.24%, ROR 3.26 [2.84-3.75]), systemic antibacterials (n = 159, 7.61%, ROR 2.65 [2.25-3.13]), lipid modifying agents (n = 142, 6.79%, ROR 2.21 [1.86-2.63]) and amiodarone (n = 137, 6.56%, ROR 35.25 [28.40-43.75]). Most (72.9%) of the TCM/HDS were not registered with the authorities., Conclusions: Hepatic ADR cases have increased significantly in Malaysia, with antituberculosis drugs, systemic antibacterials, and TCM/HDS being the most common causative agents reported. Most TCM/HDS reported to be associated with hepatic ADR were not registered with the authorities., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2020
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44. Reports Outline Hypertension Study Findings from University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (Evaluation of Proinflammatory Cytokines In Adipose Tissue of Hypertensive Lyon Rats).

Subjects
ADIPOSE tissues, CYTOKINES, HYPERTENSION, LIFE sciences, ADIPOSE tissue diseases, RATS
Abstract

Keywords: Algiers; Algeria; Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions; Cytokines; Health and Medicine; Hypertension; Inflammation; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Risk and Prevention EN Algiers Algeria Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions Cytokines Health and Medicine Hypertension Inflammation Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Risk and Prevention 2023 MAR 13 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Hematology Week -- New research on Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions - Hypertension is the subject of a report. According to the news reporters, the research concluded: "These results show that hypertension is associated with inflammation of perivascular, epididymal, and renal adipose tissue.". [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023

45. Poster Abstracts.

Subjects
MYCOPHENOLIC acid, SYSTEMIC lupus erythematosus treatment, DRUG prescribing, PREGNANCY, NEPHROTIC syndrome treatment
Abstract

The article presents abstracts on medical topics which include the monitoring of mycophenolic acid in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, prescriptions and medications during pregnancy and the use of cyclosporine in the treatment of the nephrotic syndrome.

Published
2014
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46. Abstracts.

Subjects
ANTIBIOTICS, OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases, AIR ducts, PHYSIOLOGICAL transport of oxygen
Abstract

The article presents abstracts on medical topics which include the effectiveness of antibiotic to prevent new chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD exacerbations, microscopic and dynamic model of the inhomogeneous oxygen transfer into the acinus, and characteristics of posthyperventilation breathing in healthy subjects.

Published
2009
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47. Abstracts.

Subjects
CLINICAL pharmacology, TEMPORAL lobe epilepsy, DRUGS, CLINICAL medicine
Abstract

The article presents abstracts of articles on clinical pharmacology including "Alliesthesia in visual and auditory sensations from environmental signals," "Electrophysiological correlates of metabolic abnormalities during interictal state in temporal lobe epilepsy" and "Synthesis of a new serotonergic drug. A behavioural and neurochemical study in mice."

Published
2007
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48. Effect of High Glucose Concentration on Collagen Synthesis and Cholesterol Level in the Phenotypic Modulation of Aortic Cultured Smooth Muscle Cells of Sand Rat (Psammomys obesus).

Subjects
DIABETES, GLUCOSE, COLLAGEN, MUSCLE cells, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CARBOHYDRATE intolerance, LABORATORY rats
Abstract

To simulate diabetic conditions, the effects of high glucose concentration on collagen synthesis and cholesterol level in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells of Psammomys were investigated. For collagen biosynthesis, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were incubated in synthetic proliferative phase and in postconfluent phase with 3H-proline. Cellular cholesterol was determined by enzymatic method. Under high glucose concentration, the results showed morphological modifications characterized by morphometric cellular, nuclear, and nucleolar changes. In biochemical studies, the authors observed an increase of free and esterified cellular cholesterol as well as of total proteins, collagen biosynthesis, and a1 (I+III) and α2 (I) chains of collagen contained in the SMCs and in the extracellular matrix. These results showed the sensitivity of Psammomys aortic SMCs to high glucose concentration and would constitute an interesting cellular model to study atherosclerosis pathogeny in experimental diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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49. Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.): A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry, Health Benefits, Molecular Pharmacology, and Safety.

Author

Hannan, Md. Abdul, Rahman, Md. Ataur, Sohag, Abdullah Al Mamun, Uddin, Md. Jamal, Dash, Raju, Sikder, Mahmudul Hasan, Rahman, Md. Saidur, Timalsina, Binod, Munni, Yeasmin Akter, Sarker, Partha Protim, Alam, Mahboob, Mohibbullah, Md., Haque, Md. Nazmul, Jahan, Israt, Hossain, Md. Tahmeed, Afrin, Tania, Rahman, Md. Mahbubur, Tahjib-Ul-Arif, Md., Mitra, Sarmistha, and Oktaviani, Diyah Fatimah

Abstract

Mounting evidence support the potential benefits of functional foods or nutraceuticals for human health and diseases. Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), a highly valued nutraceutical herb with a wide array of health benefits, has attracted growing interest from health-conscious individuals, the scientific community, and pharmaceutical industries. The pleiotropic pharmacological effects of black cumin, and its main bioactive component thymoquinone (TQ), have been manifested by their ability to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation, and to promote immunity, cell survival, and energy metabolism, which underlie diverse health benefits, including protection against metabolic, cardiovascular, digestive, hepatic, renal, respiratory, reproductive, and neurological disorders, cancer, and so on. Furthermore, black cumin acts as an antidote, mitigating various toxicities and drug-induced side effects. Despite significant advances in pharmacological benefits, this miracle herb and its active components are still far from their clinical application. This review begins with highlighting the research trends in black cumin and revisiting phytochemical profiles. Subsequently, pharmacological attributes and health benefits of black cumin and TQ are critically reviewed. We overview molecular pharmacology to gain insight into the underlying mechanism of health benefits. Issues related to pharmacokinetic herb–drug interactions, drug delivery, and safety are also addressed. Identifying knowledge gaps, our current effort will direct future research to advance potential applications of black cumin and TQ in health and diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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50. The nutraceutical potential of Lepidium sativum L. seed flavonoid‐rich extract in managing metabolic syndrome components.

Author

L'hadj, Imene, Azzi, Rachid, Lahfa, Farid, Koceir, Elhadj Ahmed, and Omari, Naima

Subjects
PEAS, FLAVONOIDS, METABOLIC syndrome, EXTRACTS
Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical and pharmacological identities of a Lepidium sativum L. (LS) flavonoid‐rich extract and its beneficial effects on metabolic, hormonal, and histological status. Chemical screening, as well as high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode‐array detection (HPLC‐DAD) identified high concentrations of the main flavonoid compounds in LS crude extract such as flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol), flavones (luteolin, apigenin), and especially flavanones (naringin, naringenin). Examinations of the biochemical and histopathological aspects showed the curative effects carried by LS flavonoid‐rich extracts on high‐fat diet‐fed Wistar rats. In this study, we propose that these molecules probably exerted the bioactivity observed in the treated group through improving insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and pancreas β cell integrity. Practical applications: The LS seed is widely used in traditional medicine to treat hyperglycemia and inflammation. During the traditional mixture preparation, the thermal procedures could impair the bioactions of the most interesting group of LS phytoconstituants, flavonoids. In the present study, we propose an appropriate procedure to preserve those phytochemicals and suggest them as a substitute for the management of metabolic diseases. The dried LS extract showed an incredible set of effective flavonoids, which revealed hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti‐inflammatory, cytoprotective, and antidiabetic activities. Thus, LS flavonoids constitute a remarkable product to consider in pharmaceutical industry targeting diabetes and heart diseases. Due to their enormous antioxidant potential, the LS flavonoids could be also used in food engineering and cosmetic preparations. Their practical applications is however often limited by low solubility and stability in lipophilic media. Therefore, a modification of the flavonoid structure is possibly required. The phytochemical and pharmacological analyses of a Lepidium sativum L. (LS) flavonoid‐rich extract and its benefic effects on metabolic, hormonal, and histological damages in Wistar rats subjected to high‐fat diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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