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The contestation over the Ricci decision largely framed the question as whether New Haven's action, cancelling the promotional lists for the fire department, was justified by the desire to avoid disparate impact liability or was an improper form of discrimination against whites. While critics cited evidence of racial disparity in the supervisory ranks as legitimate grounds for the city's decision, supporters rejected the relevance of these claims, with both sides largely focused on patterns of underrepresentation of Black and Latino men. However, this analysis rendered invisible the interlocking systems of race and gender discrimination that worked to almost totally exclude women of color from the New Haven Fire Department, producing patterns even more acutely disparate. This omission not only overlooked the rights claims of women of color: The failure to excavate the intersectional impact of the city's employment practices in Ricci functioned to undermine and discipline anti-racist advocacy and organizing. While women of color were invisible in public discourse over Ricci in one respect, in the context of the debate over the nomination of Justice Sotomayor to the Supreme Court, the Ricci case became a platform through which race and gender were rendered highly salient. Her identity as a Latina and her role in the federal appeals court ruling against the Ricci plaintiffs before consideration by the Supreme Court, were mobilized to authorize a charge of anti-white bias. During the nomination hearings, this racial narrative was inadequately contested, as there was virtually no interrogation of the presumed affdiation between white racial identity and racial neutrality on one hand, and non-white racial identity and racial bias on the other. While ultimately Justice Sotomayor's appointment was confirmed, the "lesson" the public debate conveyed may be less about majoritarian power and more about the imperatives of colorblindness and its role in naturalizing whiteness as a form of institutional racial privilege. Resisting this metric required an intersectional analysis of the ways in which racialized and gendered systems of power interact to enact and exploit particular vulnerabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the Ricci v. DeStefano case, which is popularly known as the "New Haven fire Fighter's case" in the U.S. It examines how the Ricci decision affects current employment practices, especially validated selection metrics. It discusses the legal standards for evidencing that a given selection device is job-related, and how validation process, is generally carried out. It analyzes the impact the Ricci decision has had on employer defenses proclaimed on validated test results.

The article discusses the U.S. Supreme Court case Ricci v. DeStefano over the move by New Haven, Connecticut to discard the results of the firefighting promotion tests in 2003. It was ruled that the city violated the disparate-treatment provision of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. The city was warned by a legal counsel that Title VII liability on the basis of race may arise if it certified the results. Employment discrimination decisions are said to be affected by the ruling. The court reportedly applied the strong-basis-in-evidence standard strictly.

The article focuses on the application of disparate impact theory of discrimination in the Ricci versus Stefano court case. The court case has reportedly caused an argument between the U.S. Congress and the U.S. Supreme Court concerning the definition of disparate impact as an act of discrimination. It explains that in the U.S. federal law, disparate treatment against minorities and Caucasians is banned.

The article discusses the U.S. Supreme Court's opinion in Ricci v. DeStefano which involved a claim of race discrimination. It provides information about the race discrimination in employment is in violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. It presents that Title VII prohibits all race discrimination in employment and constitutionality of the disparate impact provision.

Objective: To describe a novel, dynamic ultrasound assessment of the Achilles tendon at the calcaneal insertion taking advantage of the effusion within the deep retrocalcaneal bursa as a natural contrast agent., Materials and Methods: Positioning the ultrasound transducer in a longitudinal plane over the Achilles tendon at the calcaneal insertion, manual compression of the deep retrocalcaneal bursa can be performed using the other hand. Dynamically shifting the anechoic effusion from the proximal to the distal compartment of the bursa, the undersurface of the Achilles tendon is lifted from the underlying cortical bone of the superior facet of the calcaneal tuberosity., Results: Pushing the anechoic effusion from the bursal cavity toward the undersurface of the Achilles tendon, an eventual focal injury of its deep fibers can be visualized dynamically during the maneuver as a "black crescent" within the tendon-i.e., the COcco-RIcci (CORI) sign. Otherwise, the gliding of the posteroinferior wedge of the Kager's fat pad inside the tendon-bone interface can be observed in normal conditions., Conclusion: The CORI sign is a novel sonographic sign to further enhance the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic ultrasound imaging in patients with insertional Achilles tendinopathy especially to detect focal injury involving the deep fibers of the tendon., Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Skeletal Society (ISS).)

Insertional Achilles tendinopathy is an umbrella medical term referring to pain and swelling on the posterior aspect of the calcaneus. High-resolution ultrasound imaging is commonly used in daily practice to assess the pathological changes of the Achilles tendon, cortical bone of the calcaneus, and soft tissues located inside the retrocalcaneal space to optimize the management of relevant patients. To the best of our knowledge, a standardized ultrasound protocol to evaluate the retrocalcaneal bursal complex is lacking in the pertinent literature. In this sense, our step-by-step sonographic approach is intended to be an easy and ready-to-use guide for sonographers/physicians in daily practice to assess this anatomical complex in patients with Achilles tendinopathy. Needless to say, the peculiar histological features of this V-shaped synovial/fibrocartilaginous bursa surrounding the posteroinferior wedge of the Kager's fat pad and the retrocalcaneal space make the examination challenging., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.)

In this article the author discusses the uncertainty resulted from the U.S. Supreme Court case, Ricci v. DeStefano, regarding employment discrimination. It offers an overview of the purpose and development of Title VII and the modern approaches to claims. It discusses the weaknesses in the ruling of the Supreme Court and examines the post-employment discrimination decisions of the case and the conflicts facing courts and employers in interpreting the basis in evidence standard in the future.

The article focuses on the concepts of cognitive illiberalism and irrelevant grants of summary judgment under Title VII of the U.S. Civil Rights Act for employment discrimination cases by the U.S. courts. It discusses in the U.S. Supreme Court case of Ricci v. DeStefano that the Court granted plaintiff the improper summary judgment on the basis of cultural cognition and cognitive illiberalism. It also discusses the U.S. Supreme Court case of Scott v. Harris in this approach.

Background and Objectives: Schizophrenia is a chronic, complex mental health disorder requiring effective management to mitigate its broad personal and societal impacts. This narrative review assesses the efficacy, effectiveness, and side effects of third-generation antipsychotics (TGAs) like aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, and cariprazine, focusing on their use in first-episode schizophrenia. These drugs aim to reduce side effects typical of earlier antipsychotics while more effectively addressing positive and cognitive symptoms., Methods: Our extensive literature review, using PubMed and Scopus, includes randomized controlled trials and observational studies, showing TGAs may match older antipsychotics in efficacy with fewer side effects, notably in reducing extrapyramidal symptoms and enhancing cognitive outcomes., Results: Aripiprazole appears effective in both acute and maintenance phases of schizophrenia, while brexpiprazole and cariprazine show potential in managing negative symptoms and improving social functioning, essential for patient recovery., Conclusions: This review emphasizes the need for personalized treatment and further research to fully determine the long-term benefits and safety of TGAs. These findings can inform clinical decisions and underline the ongoing need for innovation in schizophrenia pharmacotherapy., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

The article discusses the standard for proving disparate impact and disparate treatment claims under Griggs and McDonnell Douglas in the U.S. The Griggs framework must be restored and applied to all disparate impact cases whether an employee challenges the disparate impact of a selection method. Thus, it guide employers and ensure that the objectives of Title VII are met. Meanwhile, the Ricci v. DeStefano case failed to clarify the standard.

The article presents information on Title VII of the Civil rights Act of 1964. It states that the act was drafted with a motive of eradicating employment discrimination based on race, sex and national origin. It overviews the Supreme Court case of Ricci v. Destefano and informs the expansion and crumbling remedial effect of Title VII in relation to many cases. It discusses the resolution to the dual requirements found in the 1991 amendments to title VII.

Abstract: The psychopathological manifestations associated with substance use, including induced psychotic experiences, are increasingly relevant but not well-understood within the medical community. Novel psychoactive substances and potentiated old compounds like cannabis and cocaine have emerged as a global concern, especially among adolescents and young adults. Transition rates from substance-induced psychosis (SIP) to persistent psychosis are significant, particularly in cases of cannabis-induced psychosis. Scientific inquiry into induced psychotic phenomena has revealed differences between SIP and primary psychotic disorders, highlighting the risk factors associated with each. The concept of exogenous psychosis, including its toxic variant known as lysergic psychoma, provides valuable insights into the role of external factors in psychosis development. A phenomenological approach characterizes this disruption in perception as a shift in temporal and spatial dimensions, leading to auditory and visual hallucinations. The "twilight state" of consciousness plays a crucial role in the transition from substance use to psychosis, with implications for spatiality, intersubjectivity, and temporality. This complex path to psychosis challenges traditional diagnostic models and underscores the need for a more nuanced understanding of substance-induced psychopathological experiences., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)