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Background: Residual activity in dispensing syringes is a problem that has been sporadically reported with various radiopharmaceuticals. Studies with [99mTc]Tc-tetrofosmin are non-consistent so far. The aim was to quantify the residual activity of [99mTc]Tc-tetrofosmin in different syringes in a clinical setting and to assess its impact on the clinical imaging procedure. Methods: The residual activity of [99mTc]Tc-tetrofosmin was measured in 3 types of syringes: 3-part lubricated and non-lubricated syringes and 2-part syringe (n ≥ 30 for each syringe). The residual activity was located and quantified using a CzT SPECT camera and radio-counting then was correlated with different clinical parameters and processed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Residual activity was different in all syringe types but lubricated syringes showed significantly higher levels with a mean ± SD of 26.12 ± 10.21% (P <.001). For these syringes, the residual activity was mainly located on the lubricated body. They also have a positive and significant impact on the standardized counting duration of patients' acquisitions. Conclusion: Lubricated syringes with high residual activity should be avoided as they increase the risk of prolonging patient acquisition time and potentially increasing the risk of poor image quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Refining the risk of malignancy in patients presenting with thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology (IC) is a critical challenge. We investigated the performances of 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to predict malignancy. Methods: Between May 2016 and March 2019, 107 patients presenting with a thyroid nodule ≥15 mm with IC and eligible for surgery were included in this prospective study. Head-and-neck PET/CT acquisitions were performed 20 and 60 minutes after injection of 1.5 MBq/kg of FCH. PET/CT acquisition was scored positive when maximal standardized uptake value in the IC nodule was higher than in the thyroid background. Pathology was the gold standard for diagnosis. Results: At pathology, 19 (18%) nodules were malignant, 87 were benign, and one was a noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive-predictive value (PPV), and negative-predictive value (NPV) of FCH PET/CT in detecting cancer or NIFTP were 90%, 50%, 55%, 29%, and 96% at 20 minutes and 85%, 49%, 67%, 28%, and 94% at 60 minutes, respectively. Higher specificity (58% vs. 33%, p = 0.01) was observed in nononcocytic (n = 72) than in oncocytic IC nodules (n = 35). The pre-PET/CT probability of cancer or NIFTP in Bethesda III–IV nodules was 11% and the post-PET/CT probability was 19% in PET-positives and 0% in PET-negatives. In retrospective analysis, 42% of surgeries would have been unnecessary after PET/CT and 81% before (p < 0.001), resulting in a hypothetical 48% reduction (95% confidence interval [32–64]). Conclusions: FCH PET/CT offers high NPV to reliably exclude cancer in PET-negative IC nodules, but suffers from low PPV, particularly in those with oncocytic cytology. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02784223. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the potential diagnostic value of regional myocardial adrenergic I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging to identify patients with Lewy body diseases (LBD+). Methods: Sixty-four consecutive patients who underwent cardiac I-MIBG SPECT to differentiate LBD+, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), from patients without LBD (LBD−) were retrospectively reviewed. A neurologist expert in memory disorders determined the final clinical diagnosis by using international clinical diagnostic criteria. Planar [heart to mediastinum ratio (HMR)] and I-MIBG SPECT[(innervation defect score (IDS)] using the 17-segment left ventricular model (five-point scale) were obtained 4 h after the injection of I-MIBG on a low-energy high-resolution (LEHR) collimator. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the optimal HMR and IDS cut-off values to discriminate LBD+ from LBD−. Results: Of the 64 patients, 45 (70 %) were diagnosed LBD+ (DLB, n = 27; PD, n = 18) and 19 were diagnosed LBD− (5 other dementias, 14 other parkinsonisms). The HMR and IDS of LBD+ were significantly different from those of LBD− (1.30 ± 0.21 vs 1.65 ± 0.26, p < 0.001; 39 ± 28 vs 8 ± 16, p = 0.001). The optimal HMR and IDS cut-off values to discriminate LBD+ ( n = 45) from LBD− ( n = 19) were 1.47 and 6/68, providing a sensitivity and specificity of 82.2 and 84.2 % and 86.7 and 73.7 %, respectively. Conclusion: Regional myocardial adrenergic I-MIBG imaging SPECT has a potential diagnostic value to identify LBD+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2021, 10, 865 37 of 99 Hudson, Geoffrey Iacono, Pierluigi Huebner, Hanna Iacopi, Elisabetta Hueso, Miguel Iaculli, Flavia Hugelshofer, Michael Ianiro, Gianluca Hughes, Christopher V. Iannaccone, Andrea Hughes, David T. Iannuzzi, Clara Hughes, Jennifer Iasevoli, Felice Huh, Joo Young Iatí, Giuseppe Huhn, Ragnar Ibáñez-Costa, Alejandro Huling, Jennifer Ichibori, Yasuhiro Hull, Chris Ichida, Fukiko Hull, Louise Ichikawa, Hajime Hüls, Anke Ichikawa, Tetsuo Hulsebosch, Claire E. Ickmans, Kelly Hultcrantz, Rolf Idicula, Titto T Hultdin, Johan Idolazzi, Luca Hultin, Magnus Idrovo, Juan-Pablo Hultqvist, Jenny Ierardi, Enzo Humenberger, Michael Ifantides, Cristos Humpel, Christian Iga, Junichi Humrich, Jens Y. Iglesias-Osma, Maria Carmen Hung, Kenneth Iglseder, Bernhard Hung, Li-Fang Ignee, Andre Hunt, Beverley Jane Ignjatovic, Vera Hunt, William R. Igoe, Ann Hunter, Elizabeth G. Ihemelandu, Chukwuemeka Huotari, Matti Iijima, Kazutoshi Hupin, David Iijima, Takehiko Huppler, Anna R. Ijare, Omkar B. Hurford, William Ikada, Yoshito Hurtado-Fernández, Elena Ikeda, Keigo Hurtubise, Karen Ikeda, Youko Husby, Paul J. A. Ikeda, Yuki Huselstein, Céline Ikegaya, Naoki Hussain, Mulazim Ikezawa, Kenji Hussain, Rashad Ikuta, Toshikazu Hussain, Sultana Monira Ilatovskaya, Daria Husson, Olga Ildefonso, Cristhian J. Hutt, Axel Iliadi, Anna Huttner, Inken Iliescu, Cezar A. Hutton, George Joseph Iliou, Marie Christine Huynh-Do, Uyen Illek, Beate Hwang, Hun-Gyu Illuminati, Giulio Hwang, Hyeon Seok Ilves, Outi Hwang, Jae-Joon Imai, Chihaya Hwang, Ki-Chul Imai, Hisao Hwang, Mark Imai, Yoichi Hwang, Seung Rim Imamura, Masahiro Hwang, Yong Il Imamura, Teruhiko Hwu, Ruth S. Imamura, Yoshiki Hyatt, Hayden Imataki, Osamu Hyer, Steve Imbert, Véronique Hyink, Deborah Pinson Imbery, Terence A. Hynnekleiv, Torfinn Immins, Tikki Hytti, Maria Impellizzeri, Alessandra Iaccarino, Guido Impellizzeri, Pietro Iaccino, Enrico Inaki, Noriyuki J. Clin. [Extracted from the article]