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Abstract The diversity of endophytes and their ecological relationships with the endangered conifer Araucaria angustifolia (a critically endangered species) are unrevealed. This study aimed to characterize the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with A. angustifolia. To this end, we analyzed 90 fragments from five individuals collected from a mixed localized fragment in Guarapuava-PR, Brazil. The total DNA of 61 morphotypes was extracted and the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region was amplified and sequenced. The sequence analysis allowed the identification of 37 genera belonging to the phylum Ascomycota and the classes Eurotiomycetes, Dothideomycetes, and Sordariomycetes, divided into 11 orders and 13 families. Most of the isolated fungi belonged to the Sordariomycetes class (40%) and to the Xylaria genus (14%), while Eurotiomycetes was the minority class within the community. Our results reveal the high endophytic richness supporting the life cycle of A. angustifolia and reinforce the necessity for the conservation of this conifer, as many genetic resources can be lost owing to its irrational exploration.

Introduction: The bronchial epithelium has defense mechanisms based on innate immunity against various airborne microorganisms, including Cryptococcus neoformans. Purpose: We evaluated the inflammatory effects of C. neoformans using human alveolar basal epithelial adenocarcinoma cells (A549 cells). Methods: A549 cells were exposed to C. neoformans (Multiplicity of Infection - MOI 1:100) and the analyses were performed 24 hours after stimulation. Results: C. neoformans increased the production of IL-6 and TGF-β1, but not IL-8 and IL-10, and activated ERK1/2 and NF-B phosphorylation in A549 cells when compared to the control group. There was a greater adhesion of C. neoformans when compared to internalization in A549 cells. Conclusion: The C. neoformans is able to promote changes in inflammatory parameters in human adenocarcinoma alveolar basal epithelial cells.

Abstract Background Based on a feminist approach, we analyzed the experiences of workplace bullying suffered by women front-line healthcare professionals dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. We start from studies that show that women make up 70% of the global health workforce, 85% in the area of nursing, and 90% in the case of social care workers. An unequivocal need thus exists to address gender issues regarding the composition of the labor force in the health area. The pandemic has aggravated recurring problems involving healthcare professionals at the various caregiving levels, such as mental harassment (bullying) and its effects on mental health. Methods Data were gathered from an online survey of a convenience (non-probability) sample composed of 1,430 volunteer respondents, all women that work in the public health system in Brazil. The analyses and discussions involved the responses to a questionnaire containing 12 closed-ended questions and one open-ended question. Results The results revealed a context of workplace bullying aggravated by precarious material, institutional and organizational conditions in the area of health services against the backdrop of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. This context has variously led to aggression, isolation, heavy workloads, and invasion of privacy, humiliation, persecution and fear as it was possible to see, mainly, in the answers to the study’s open-ended question. This situation degrades both work relations and the integrity of the healthcare professionals who work on the front line to treat Covid-19 cases. Conclusion We conclude that bullying is a psychosocial phenomenon that heightens the oppression and subordination still experienced by women in the contemporary context, but with new hues in a scenario of frontline response to Covid-19.

The corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a specialist insect vector of the corn stunting disease complex. This leafhopper has been reported from different overwintering plants, and more information is required regarding other potential Brazilian plants that may serve as reproductive hosts for this specie. The present study aimed to evaluate possible plants for leafhopper reproduction usually found near the maize fields and the D. maidis reproductive differences among maize genotypes. Three trials were conducted to assess D. maidis survival and oviposition on different maize genotypes and other potential host plants. Survival, nymph presence, oviposition, and nymph eclosion rates were observed. No nymphs were observed in plants other than maize. The number of D. maidis adults was influenced by the different maize inbreds, and the mean number of laid eggs varied across the tested maize materials. Oviposition and nymph emergence was observed in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br., Poaceae] when D. maidis adults were offered only this plant as substrate, although significantly lower than those recorded on maize. Our results suggest that eliminating maize plants in the off-season could be used as a tool to reduce D. maidis reproduction, thereby minimizing the vector population size in the following season.

Os/as chamados/as jovens nem nem são os/as que nem estudam, nem trabalham, nem procuram emprego. Analisamos sua construção como problema social a partir de um tripé: o desconhecimento e desinteresse pelas experiências dos/as jovens pobres, a espetacularização do fenômeno e a constituição de um conjunto de práticas para solucioná-lo. As análises apresentadas partem de uma pesquisa que realizou, com o auxílio do programa ALCESTE, uma análise lexical de universos semânticos sobre os/as chamados/as jovens nem nem em 19 documentos da Organização Internacional do Trabalho/OIT, e uma pesquisa-intervenção com 14 jovens. Analisamos como as microrrelações, as macropolíticas, os aspectos institucionais e culturais contribuem para a ausência dos/as jovens na escola e no trabalho, o que se contrapõe às noções de que os investimentos necessários para a resolução do problema construído devem se dirigir, exclusivamente, à dimensão individual. Problematizamos as noções que convidam a pensar os/as jovens ditos/as nem nem como sujeitos vulneráveis e como grupo de risco, e destacamos sua construção como simulacro dos/as jovens que têm seus direitos negados cotidianamente.

Este artigo investiga, por meio da análise de entrevista midiática na Folha de S.Paulo, aspectos da construção da figura pública de Paulo Roberto da Silva Lima, o Galo, que, durante a pandemia de covid-19, liderou o movimento dos entregadores antifascistas. Em contexto de valorização desses entregadores, Galo emerge como personagem com habilidades comunicativas que o projetam e contribuem para o debate social acerca da precarização do mundo do trabalho. A análise demonstra que, por meio de uma fala consciente das interações jornalísticas, Galo desvela as estratégias da uberização e se utiliza de um saber narrativo para a construção de um discurso solidário que desafia a racionalidade neoliberal e recupera o sentido de classe trabalhadora.

A demanda de produtos oriundos da madeira vem se expandindo, por conta disso, há a necessidade de estudos relacionados à qualidade e aplicação desses materiais. Com isso, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o teor de extrativos e de celulose da madeira de Ipê submetida ao processo de modificação térmica. Para realização do estudo foram abatidos quatro indivíduos de Handroanthus chrysotrichus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos, com 11 anos de idade. Posteriormente, confeccionaram-se amostras de 2,5 x 2,5 x 41 cm, as quais foram acondicionadas em estufa com circulação de ar forçada, nas temperaturas de 120, 150, 180 e 210 ºC, por um período de 4 h. Em seguida, porções aleatórias dos corpos de prova foram seccionadas e trituradas em moinho de facas, e então, peneiradas na fração de 40/60 mesh, para a realização dos ensaios químicos de teor de extrativos totais e teor de celulose. Os dados foram processados e submetidos ao teste de médias de Tukey, utilizando o software R. Os resultados das propriedades químicas estudadas indicaram variações de acordo com as temperaturas, não apresentando uma tendência de estabilização entre os tratamentos aplicados. Uma relação entre o comportamento dessas propriedades com as demais características tecnológicas dos trabalhos disponíveis na literatura foi observada. De modo geral, são recomendados mais estudos acerca das propriedades químicas da madeira dessa espécie associados a aplicação de altas temperaturas.

A madeira em seu estado natural está susceptível ao ataque de organismos xilófagos. Com isso, são necessários tratamentos que aumentem sua durabilidade e os locais de emprego desse material. O Arseniato de Cobre Cromatado (CCA) atua de forma desejável quanto à preservação da madeira, porém, quando se trata das questões ambientais, seu uso é polêmico, principalmente com relação aos resíduos de material tratado gerados ao fim de sua vida útil, que por ter arsênio em sua formulação, as formas de reciclagem são quase nulas. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar o processo de eletrorremoção do CCA da madeira tratada, avaliando a eficácia da técnica. Para isso, foram aplicados tratamentos de CCA na madeira nas concentrações 1, 2, 3 e 4%, para posteriormente passarem pelo processo de eletrorremoção. Essa metodologia em escala de bancada, consistiu na aplicação de eletricidade numa solução condutora eletrolítica composta da combinação de ácido orgânico e inorgânico com água ultra-pura, por um período de 2 horas, onde o material ficou mergulhado nesse local. Os resultados indicaram que a eletrorremoção se mostrou eficaz, sendo que as médias de cobre, cromo e arsênio da madeira tratada reduziram com a aplicação da técnica, em todas as concentrações estudadas.

Abstract With the spread of SARS-CoV-2, contingency measures and plans to facilitate the screening of infected patients are needed. Changes in olfaction have been cited as symptoms of the disease, and it is important to prove or exclude its association with this condition to refine the symptomatic criteria for early isolation. This article aims to analyze the association between olfactory disorders and SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as investigate the possible underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. The research was carried out using the PubMed, Science Direct, and LILACS databases on May 9, 2020, and updated on May 21. Combinations of MeSH descriptors and the Boolean operator, “AND,” were used: coronavirus infections AND olfactory disorders, coronavirus infections, and neurological manifestations. A total of 1187 articles were found in the databases, of which 17 were included in the study. The data suggest that changes in smell are strongly associated with Covid-19, especially in women and patients with fever; these changes increase the degree of suspicion of Covid-19, and they warrant early implementation of isolation and surveillance measures. There are still gaps in the elucidation of the pathways involved in the loss of smell caused by SARS-CoV-2; however, the great affinity of the virus for ACE-2 receptors, which are present in large quantities in the nasal cavity and olfactory bulb, has been considered.

O presente artigo analisa a trajetória da educação no município de Xaxim (SC) no período entre 1920 e 2020. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de métodos e técnicas quantitativos e qualitativos. Os dados quantitativos foram obtidos nas bases do INEP, da Secretaria Estadual de Educação de Santa Catarina e da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Xaxim. A pesquisa qualitativa foi desenvolvida por meio de uma extensa revisão bibliográfica e acesso e sistematização de um conjunto amplo de fotos e documentos. A pesquisa revela aspectos centrais da história social e política da educação do município de Xaxim. Ela permite compreender o longo caminho da universalização da educação básica. Em Xaxim, o direito à educação para todas as crianças em idade escolar do Ensino Fundamental tornou-se realidade apenas no final do século XX

The house dust mite allergen Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) is a major driver of allergic asthma. Studies from our group demonstrated anti-eosinophilic effects of ethanolic extract of Lafoensia pacari stem bark (and ellagic acid, isolated from L. pacari extract), used as traditional medicine in Brazil to naturally treat inflammatory conditions. Here, we extended these results through performing phytochemical analysis of the constituents of L. pacari using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and evaluating the anti-inflammatory effects of both L. pacari and ellagic acid in the human BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cell line stimulated with Der p. Ellagic acid (major constituent), gallic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and rosmarinic acid, but not flavonoids (rutin, kaempferol, luteolin and quercetin), were found in the L. pacari. Pro-inflammatory mediators, IL-6, IL-8 and CCL-2 production were increased in BEAS-2B stimulated with Der p (10 μg/mL, 24 h) compared to control. L. pacari (250 μg/mL) and ellagic acid (100 μM) significantly reduced the concentration of these mediators. L. pacari increased the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. These results were associated with the downregulation of NF-κB and STAT3 pathways. These findings indicate a novel anti-inflammatory action for L. pacari and ellagic acid in the airways allergic inflammatory response. Keywords: Allergic asthma, Human bronchial epithelial cells, Lafoensia pacari, Ellagic acid, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Jovens que nem estudam, nem trabalham e nem procuram emprego têm sido nomeados/as como jovens nem-nem, em diferentes contextos sociais. Tanto no Brasil quanto em outros países do mundo, a juventude nem-nem tem ocupado um lugar de destaque no meio acadêmico, na mídia e nas intervenções por parte do Estado e de outros atores sociais, todos buscando formas de atuar sobre o problema. Diante desse cenário, buscamos compreender as noções construídas sobre os/as jovens nomeados/as como nem-nem, bem como as propostas de controle e regulação produzidas por diferentes atores da sociedade para eles/as. A partir de uma pesquisa documental, apresentamos neste artigo os resultados de uma análise lexical realizada com o auxílio do programa ALCESTE – Análise Lexical por Contexto de um Conjunto de Segmentos de Texto. Os resultados destacam os principais universos semânticos sobre os/as jovens nomeados/as nem-nem em trechos retirados de onze (11) edições do documento Trabalho Decente e Juventude da Organização Internacional do Trabalho. Problematizamos algumas noções que convidam a pensar os/as jovens ditos/as nem-nem como sujeitos vulneráveis e como grupo de risco, sendo as respostas mais imediatas direcionadas ao investimento na subjetividade do/a jovem, reatualizando o mito dos/as jovens pobres como classe perigosa, sem com isso levar em consideração a reprodução social da nossa desigualdade.

Background: Although there are studies on blood pressure (BP) and autonomic cardiac control (ACC) impairments caused by ergogenic aids, research has scarcely addressed this analysis during sleep. This study analyzed BP and ACC during sleep and wake periods in three groups of resistance training (RT) practitioners: ergogenic aid non-users, thermogenic supplement (TS) self-users, and anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) self-users. Methods: RT practitioners were selected for the Control Group (CG; n = 15), TS self-users Group (TSG; n = 15), and AAS self-users Group (AASG; n = 15). All individuals underwent cardiovascular Holter monitoring (BP, ACC) during sleep and wake periods. Results: The maximum systolic BP (SBP) during sleep was higher in AASG (p < 0.01) than CG (p < 0.001). CG had lower mean diastolic BP (DBP) than TSG (p < 0.01) and lower mean SBP (p = 0.009) than the other groups. Additionally, CG had higher values (p < 0.01) than TSG and AASG for SDNN and pNN50 during sleep. HF, LF, and LF/HF ratio values during sleep were statistically different in CG (p < 0.001) from the other groups. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that high doses of TS and AAS can impair cardiovascular parameters during sleep in RT practitioners who take ergogenic aids.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the morphological, biochemical, and histological effects of aqueous extracts of peanut (skinless and added to 1% skin) in Swiss mice submitted to a high-fat diet. Methods: Forty male Swiss mice were divided into four groups (n=10 per group): GI) normocaloric diet; GII) high-fat diet; GIII) high-fat diet + 0.5 mL of peanut extract; GIV) high-fat diet + 0.5 mL of peanut extract + 1% peanut skin. The animals were weighed weekly and euthanized after 12 weeks for histopathological and biochemical analyses. The study was approved by the Animal Use Ethics Committee. Results: The animals in the GIV group had higher body weight when compared to the other ones. Increase in total cholesterol in GIII, increase in blood glucose in groups GII, GIII and GIV, decrease in serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration in groups GI and GIV and increase in serum concentration of C-reactive protein in GII were seen. The presence of vacuolar fat deposits was found in animal livers from GII. Conclusions: The extracts improved the plasma concentrations of animals that received a high-fat diet, including preventing morphological damage to liver tissue. These benefits were enhanced by the association of peanut shells with the extract.

Abstract Thermophilic fungi constitute an ecologically well-defined group, commonly found in environments wherever decomposition of organic matter takes place, making them self-heating. The importance of thermophilic fungus in ecosystems contrasts with the incompleteness of our understanding of the group’s biogeography patterns, phylogenies and coevolution relationships. Actually, the lack of data about thermophilic fungi from the Brazil is a limiting factor that also contributes for this scenario. In order to reduce this gap of knowledge, we aimed to characterize thermophilic filamentous fungi in Araucaria Forest, Atlantic Forest biome. Species identification was achieved by using internal transcribed spacers (ITS) as molecular ribosomal markers. In total, 240 heat-tolerant fungal strains were isolated and identified as Thermothielavioides terrestris, Thielavia sp., Thermoascus crustaceus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Rhizomucor miehei, Rhizomucor pusillus, and Rhizopus microsporus. All thermophilic strains exhibited optimal growth at 45 °C. T. crustaceus, T. miehei e R. pusillus were the dominant species, with the frequencies of occurrence of 35.00%, 28.33% and 23.33%, respectively. Our data reveals the apparent diversity of the Neotropical realm and may serve as reference to future studies that will try to elucidate important aspects of group.

Arthropod pests are among the biggest problems faced in tomato production worldwide. To overcome the losses caused by these pests, one of the most sustainable and economical strategies is the use of resistance introgressed from wild species. We aimed to develop BC3F2 tomato genotypes with high levels of zingiberene (ZGB) and resistance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci biotype B), South American tomato pinworm (Tuta absoluta), and the two-spotted spider mite (Tatranychus urticae), from the wild accession of Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum (accession PI127826). The quantification of ZGB in 520 BC3F2 genotypes and in the parentals yielded the selection of five genotypes with high ZGB content and three with low ZGB content, which were then infested with B. tabaci, T. absolute, and T. urticae. In these eight genotypes and in the parents, the types and amounts of trichomes on the leaves were determined. Additionally, molecular markers were used to identify the genotypes with a higher recurrent genome recovery. The results confirmed the transfer of resistance from S. habrochaites to the BC3F2 genotypes and showed that this resistance seems to be directly related to high concentrations of ZGB and the presence of type IV trichomes.

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada entre 2017 e 2019 cujo propósito principal foi analisar os desdobramentos das políticas de municipalização da educação básica nos últimos trinta anos (1988-2018). Além das políticas em âmbito nacional e estadual, decidiu-se realizar um estudo numa unidade específica da federação. O estudo foi realizado no município de Xaxim, localizado na região Oeste de Santa Catarina, com população estimada em 28.424 habitantes. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de uma extensa revisão bibliográfica, análise documental e sistematização e análise de dados primários e secundários do município e da educação municipal disponíveis em diversas bases de dados. O estudo evidenciou que a partir da CF de 1988 o governo federal e o estado de Santa Catarina implementaram, de forma progressiva, uma série de políticas de descentralização de competências aos municípios. Tendo em vista esse conjunto de políticas, o município de Xaxim implementou inúmeras ações de expansão de sua rede municipal de ensino. Em 2018, a rede municipal respondia por 77% das matrículas do Ensino Fundamental e 72% de todas as matrículas da Educação Básica. Em 2018, a rede municipal respondia por 98% das matrículas das Creches; 97%, da Pré-escola; 77%, do Ensino Fundamental; 70%, da Educação Especial Exclusiva, e 62% da Educação de Jovens e Adultos. O município não oferta ensino médio. O estudo demonstrou também que a rede privada responde por apenas 3% do total das matrículas da educação básica.

A partir dos anos 2000, houve um aumento na aquisição de dados LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) em áreas urbanas, o que possibilitou diversos estudos e aplicações nas mais variadas áreas, verificando-se um crescimento dos acervos históricos. Com isso, são necessários métodos de processamento robustos para manipulação desses dados. Os métodos de registro de dados laser inserem-se nesse contexto, essenciais para promover a utilização de dados oriundos de distintos equipamentos e datas. Este estudo consiste em avaliar o desempenho de três métodos de registro: Iterative Closest Point (ICP), Coherent Point Drift (CPD) e Support Vector Registration (SVR). A metodologia contempla o pré-processamento dos dados LiDAR para a extração de três telhados de edifícios com características distintas, localizados no campus da UFPR, em Curitiba – PR. Foram utilizados dados do sensor Optech ALTM Pegasus HD 500, com frequência de 300 kHz e altura de voo de 1.600 m, densidade média de 1,71 pontos por m² e IFOV de 25°. Os métodos foram implementados na linguagem Python. Como resultados, foram obtidos os registros, dos quais foram extraídas suas acurácias e tempos de processamento. Os resultados evidenciaram que os métodos CPD e SVR são ótimas alternativas para superar as limitações do ICP, ressaltando-se o desempenho do CPD e a eficiência computacional do SVR, sendo que este último é particularmente adequado para lidar com dados ruidosos.

ABSTRACT: Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B is the major pest of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Brazil and other countries. Host plant resistance is one of the cornerstones of Integrated Pest Management (IPM), and assessment of cultivars for insect resistance is fundamental to provide farmers options for pest control. This study evaluated common bean resistance to whitefly in the winter and rainy seasons in Jaboticabal, Brazil, and correlated the infestation with climatic factors. The plant part and development period of common bean that are more susceptible to whitefly infestation were also examined for potential use in IPM. Field experiments were carried out using 18 and 19 commercial cultivars in the winter and rainy seasons, respectively. Whitefly eggs, nymphs, and adults in the upper part and lower part of plants were sampled from 25 to 60 days after emergence (DAE). Cultivars IAC-Una and IAC-Eldorado had less oviposition and the former also showed lower adult infestation in the winter season. In the rainy season, cultivars IAPAR-81 and Guará had a smaller number of eggs, whereas IAC-Centauro was less infested by nymphs. The number of nymphs and adults was similar among cultivars in the winter and rainy seasons, respectively. The upper part of plants had a greater number of eggs and adults, while, the lower part harbored larger numbers of nymphs. Common bean was more susceptible to whitefly at 25-32 DAE in both seasons. These results add useful information to IPM of whitefly in common bean.

Resumo Objetivou-se realizar a caracterização físico-química e dos compostos bioativos do extrato aquoso de amendoim sem pele e acrescido de 1% de pele. Os extratos aquosos de amendoim sem e com pele foram caracterizados quanto aos parâmetros: umidade, extrato seco total, cinzas, lipídios, proteínas, teor de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, pH, carboidrato e fibras totais, além de compostos fenólicos e flavonoides. Os percentuais de umidade encontrados foram elevados em todas as amostras, resultante de sua base de extrato aquoso produzido na proporção 1:8 (amendoim:água). Observou-se que os extratos aquosos de amendoim sem pele e acrescido de 1% de pele não apresentaram diferença significativa entre si para os parâmetros de pH, como também para sólidos solúveis totais, lipídios e carboidratos. No entanto, a acidez, proteínas, fibras e cinzas apresentaram diferença estatística. Na determinação de compostos fenólicos, notou-se que o extrato aquoso de amendoim com pele apresentou uma quantidade maior quando comparado ao sem pele. Quanto aos flavonoides, a maior quantidade também foi encontrada na amostra com pele, apresentando uma diferença média de 2,52 µg/100 g base úmida. Os extratos aquosos de amendoim com e sem pele mostraram ser uma valiosa alternativa para um melhor aproveitamento do amendoim, proporcionando à população um produto nutricional. A bebida acrescida de 1% de pele enriqueceu o produto quanto ao potencial antioxidante devido às suas maiores concentrações de compostos fenólicos totais e flavonoides.

ABSTRACT Knowledge of the combining ability of genotypes, genetic diversity, and heterosis play the paramount role in obtaining double-cross hybrids with high productivity. This study was aimed at evaluating these parameters in tomato genotypes using partial diallel crosses among the commercial single-cross hybrids, which verified the possibility of using double-cross hybrids for commercial purposes. Tomato genotypes included 15 double-cross hybrids, their genitors, and two commercial genotypes as checks. Of the fifteen double-cross hybrids of tomato, two crosses exhibited superiority, such as Aguamiel × Compack and Dominador × Compack, mainly for the total and commercial fruit yields. The phenotypic expression of the trait is controlled by the genes with non-additive effects, whereas the genes with additive effects account for the genotypes of fruit mass, horizontal diameter, vertical diameter, and bunch insertion height. Regarding the genetic diversity, molecular analyses pointed out polymorphism for 79 percent of the evaluated loci evidencing a high genetic variability among the genitors. The heterosis values were low for most of the crosses, except for Forty × Plutão that represented 107 percent of heterosis for the total fruit yield. As compared with the commercial checks, the diallel cross generated superior quality hybrids, which inferred the possibility of obtaining double-cross hybrids of tomato with significant heterosis.

A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of captopril (CPT) in pharmaceutical formulations is proposed. This method is based on the reduction reaction of ammonium molybdate, in the presence of sulphuric acid, for the group thiol of CPT, producing a green compound (λmax 407 nm). Beer’s law is obeyed in a concentration range of 4.60 x 10-4 – 1.84 x 10-3 mol l-1 of CPT with an excellent correlation coefficient (r = 0.9995). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 7.31 x 10-6 e 2.43 x 10-5 mol l-1 of CPT, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of CPT in commercial brands of pharmaceuticals. No interferences were observed from the common excipients in the formulations. The results obtained by the proposed method were favorably compared with those given by the official reported method at 95 % confidence level.

A 3-year field trial examined in a long-term no-till system the effects of surface-applied lime and N application on soil chemical attributes, grain yield and Mn contents in the leaf and grain of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] on a loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Hapludox in Parana State, Brazil. The treatments consisted of dolomitic lime broadcast on the soil surface at 0, 4, 8, and 12 t/ha, in the main plots, and N application at 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg/ha, in the subplots. Nitrogen was applied as N-NH4NO3 in top dressing on the black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) crop during the autumn–winter seasons before growing corn or soybean during the spring–summer seasons. Surface liming increased soil pH and the content of exchangeable Ca, and decreased the exchangeable Al level at topsoil. Acidification in the topsoil was caused by N-NH4NO3 application. Higher acidification was observed with N application in the no-lime plots. Grain yields of corn and soybean were not influenced by liming. Application of N-NH4NO3 on the black oat crop has low residual effect on grain yields of corn and soybean. Liming decreased Mn content in corn leaf and soybean leaf and grain. Nitrogen application increased Mn content in corn and soybean leaf and grain. Surface lime and N-NH4NO3 applications at higher rates did not cause Mn deficiency or toxicity in the no-till corn and soybean crops with a sufficient level of Mn (DTPA-TEA) in the topsoil.

INTRODUCTION: Pectus excavatum is defined as a depression approaching the sternum and costal cartilages to the spine. Several theories explain its etiology, the most accepted of which is the exaggerated growth of the costal cartilages, which causes a posterior displacement of the sternum and consequent depression. The treatment includes correction of breast asymmetries by using silicone breast implants in patients without cardiopulmonary symptoms, only with esthetic complaints. METHODS: We reviewed the medical and photographic records of eight female patients diagnosed as having pectus excavatum, who underwent operation at a private hospital in the southern region of Brazil. These women sought consultation for local esthetic complaints and had no cardiorespiratory complaints. RESULTS: Six patients submitted only for breast prosthesis placement. One patient had a prosthesis implanted 15 years before, which was replaced by a new implant in the same plane. Another patient had undergone pectus repair with Nuss surgery 10 years before, and the patient came to the hospital with a complaint of hypomasty and asymmetry. The preferred anesthesia was general anesthesia in five of the cases. The prosthesis inclusion plane in almost all the cases was subglandular. Only one patient had a complication (seroma). CONCLUSIONS: In our sample, the placement of breast prostheses in the patients with pectus excavatum brought harmonic esthetic results, attenuating and/or masking the chest defect, with satisfactory esthetic results for the patients.

Introdução: As plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANC) destacam-se como plantas que possuem uma ou mais partes comestíveis, sendo elas espontâneas ou cultivadas, nativas ou exóticas que não estão incluídas em nosso cardápio cotidiano. Este trabalho visa abordar as plantas alimentícias não convencionais Objetivo: como alimento funcional para a população, de forma a promover a disseminação do conhecimento dessas espécies na cultura alimentar e o incentivo ao seu consumo. Métodos: Foram sumarizados dados de 30 artigos recentes em português e inglês provenientes de bases de dados (Scielo e Pubmed), cadernos de saúde e livros. Comentários: As PANC estudadas demonstraram atuar nos mais diversos processos metabólicos, apresentando atividades anti-inflamatórias, antibacterianas, cicatrizantes, antineoplásicas e antiescorbúticas. Além disso, constatou-se a presença de concentrações significativas de cálcio, ferro, zinco, potássio e magnésio em suas composições. Aliado a isso, tem-se o alto teor de proteínas e de fibras, servindo no auxílio de processos gastrointestinais. Conclusão: As plantas alimentícias não convencionais ainda são pouco conhecidas pela população brasileira. Suas composições e valores nutricionais já são bem conhecidos, bem como a segurança de seu emprego na alimentação diária. Além de sabor agradável, elas possuem altas concentrações de fibras, vitaminais e minerais, necessários na manutenção da homeostase corporal.