Search

Copyright of Arquitecturas del Sur is the property of Facultad de Arquitectura, Construccion y Diseno, Universidad del Bio-Bio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Orbital Compartment Syndrome (OCS) represents a critical medical emergency characterized by heightened orbital pressure, jeopardizing blood flow and posing a risk to the optic nerve. Often stemming from surgical procedures such as craniotomies for arachnoid cyst resection, OCS necessitates swift diagnosis and intervention. We report the case of a 77-year-old female in São Paulo, Brazil, who underwent left pterional craniotomy for arachnoid cyst resection. Postoperatively, she manifested reduced visual acuity in the left eye, restricted ocular movement, and peripalpebral hematoma indicative of orbital compression syndrome. Computed tomography scans confirmed pneumocephalus and pneumo-orbital complications, prompting an immediate diagnosis of OCS. Immediate interventions, including lateral canthotomy and cantholysis, were employed, resulting in successful decompression and substantial symptom improvement within a 10-day period. This case underscores the significance of preoperative imaging, prompt diagnostic measures, and collaborative postoperative care in managing orbital complications following neurosurgery.

Contexto: Pesquisas sobre processos de aprendizagem humana em cursos de formação de professores têm sido discutidas. Esta pesquisa descreve o processo de formação da equipe do projeto "Coletivo de Aprendizagem em Geografia: estratégias autorregulatórias na formação de professores em Pelotas-RS". O projeto é focado em cinco ações: estratégias de aprendizagem dos estudantes de Licenciatura em Geografia, mapeamento das necessidades do curso e oficinas de intervenção. A metodologia inclui análise de documentos, observações, entrevistas e questionários aos estudantes. Oficinas serão planejadas e implementadas para promover a autorregulação da aprendizagem. Os resultados dessa pesquisa visam melhorar a formação de professores de Geografia e a prática educativa na área.

Background: The relationship between superinfection by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and mortality among SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized patients is still unclear. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales are among the most frequently isolated species when it comes to hospital-acquired superinfections among SARS-CoV-2 patients. Methods: Herein, a retrospective study was carried out using data from adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The interaction between in-hospital mortality and rectal carriage and superinfection by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales and/or carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was assessed. Results: The incidence of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and/or carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii rectal carriage was 30%. Bloodstream infection and/or pneumonia due to KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and/or carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii occurred in 20% of patients. A higher Charlson comorbidity index (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.24–1.59), being submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation/ECMO ≥ 96 h (OR 6.34, 95% CI 3.18–12.62), being treated with systemic corticosteroids (OR 4.67, 95% CI 2.43–9.05) and having lymphopenia at the time of admission (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.40–0.72) were the features most strongly associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: Although KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and/or carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii rectal carriage, and/or bloodstream infection/pneumonia were diagnosed in a remarkable percentage of COVID-19 patients, their impact on in-hospital mortality was not significant. Further studies are needed to assess the burden of antimicrobial resistance as a legacy of COVID-19 in order to identify future prevention opportunities.

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most serious manifestation of rheumatic fever, which may also affect the brain. The current study assessed the prevalence of neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with RHD, including clinical features associated with basal ganglia motor dysfunction (BGMD). Methods: We conducted neurologic and psychiatric assessments in consecutive patients with RHD referred to a tertiary center for heart valve diseases. Echocardiography was performed to assess the pattern of valvular involvement and RHD severity. Validated questionnaires for the evaluation of cognition, depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) were applied. BGMD was clinically defined by the presence of hyperkinetic movement disorders. Results: Fifty patients with age of 43.2 ± 10.8 years, 84% female, were included. Mitral valve was affected in 47 patients (94%), and 21 of them (42%) also had aortic valve involvement. Chorea (22%), chronic tics (18%), OCS (48%), major depression (34%), generalized anxiety disorder (54%), cognitive complaints (66%), migraine (52%) and seizures (18%) were frequently reported. The factors associated with BGMD were age (p = 0.018), major depression (p = 0.013), and Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive (Y-BOCS) score (p = 0.011). The severity of heart disease was not associated with BGMD. Conclusions: Neuropsychiatric manifestations are frequent in RHD patients, which may persist up to three decades after acute rheumatic fever. Age, major depression and severity of OCS were independently associated with BGMD. These manifestations deserve a close attention of clinicians and researchers dealing with adult patients with RHD.

Orbital lymphomas are rare conditions, and most non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the orbit are extranodal lymphomas of B cells of the marginal zone of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type (MALT). In this report, we describe a case of MALT-type marginal zone B lymphoma in the orbital region. A female patient, 45 years old, searched for ophthalmological care, complaining, for 15 years, of low visual acuity (VA) associated with nonpulsatile bilateral proptosis, VA of 20/30 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye, without other changes. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbits showed solid expansive lesions in both orbital spaces, with biopsy and immunohistochemical study of the left orbit, showing lymphoproliferative syndrome, favoring B lymphoma of the MALT-type marginal zone. Thus, in view of the nonspecific initial presentation of MALT lymphoma, the use of imaging tests, as well as microsurgical biopsy, is essential for early diagnosis and surgical planning and constitutes the gold standard for adequate diagnostic elucidation.

Market liberalization has been carried out by many developing countries in the hopes of stimulating trade, investment and technology transfer. In order to analyze the impacts of liberalization on a specific industry sector, this paper compares the experiences of Brazil and Mexico in liberalizing the computer industry in the 1990s. The authors conclude that liberalization leads to lower prices and more rapid diffusion of computer use throughout the economy, but at a cost to domestic computer firms who were harmed by foreign competition. Both countries saw an increase in computer production, but Mexico's production was mainly for export to the United States, while Brazil was producing for the domestic market. The differences between outcomes in the two countries have been determined more by environmental factors than by the nature and pace of liberalization. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.

This article examines the goals, instruments and characteristics of Information and Communication Technolgy (ICT) enabled innovations in the Brazilian software industry emphasizing technologies, transmitting channels, learning processes, and organizational changes required by advanced digital tools. The methodology steams from the adaptation of an existing taxonomy for our specific purposes and the development of a field research in Brazil, with the help of the software Atlas.ti. We found that ICT enabled innovations are not isolated events, since they affect existing processes, the relationship with clients and suppliers, and require greater integration of organizational functions. Important differences were observed due to the firms’ size, internationalization level, technical capabilities and access to proprietary technology.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto de laboratórios de análises clínicas de hospitais de urgência e emergência do município de Belém-PA na saúde. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, no qual os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas diretas por meio de um questionário contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas, seguindo uma ordem de questionamentos divididos em diferentes avaliações de impacto na saúde. Os resultados revelaram que os laboratórios de análises clínicas dos hospitais de urgência e emergência apresentam os serviços bem estruturados, com profissionais próprios qualificados e treinados periodicamente. Para a rotina laboratorial há documentos para guiar na operacionalização dos serviços, manuais de qualidade e credenciamento a programas e/ou empresas de certificação ou acreditação de qualidade. Os laboratórios realizam auditorias internas, apresentam dispositivo de medição quanto a ensaios e equipamentos calibrados, com manutenções periódicas e possuem responsáveis técnicos e diretores de laboratório. Quanto à citação do número de exames laboratoriais, o LAC A e o LAC D apresentam todos os exames hematológicos questionados, no entanto, o LAC B e LAC C apresentam 85,71% (n =12) dos exames questionados. Quando questionados em relação às dosagens bioquímicas, o LAC A e LAC D mostraram-se mais abrangentes por realizarem todos os exames bioquímicos propostos. Diante dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que os laboratórios de urgência e/ ou emergência existentes no município de Belém-PA oferecem ampla variedade de serviços, bem como apresentam preocupação com a garantia da qualidade da prestação de seus serviços.