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In this paper, free vibration analysis of truncated sandwich conical shells with the magnetorheological (MR) core is investigated. The mathematical modeling of the shell is performed based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and the set of the governing equations and associated boundary conditions are derived utilizing Hamilton's principle. A semi-analytical solution is provided for various boundary conditions through an exact solution in the circumferential direction and a numerical solution in the meridional direction via the differential quadrature method (DQM). After validation of the presented model, the influences of various variables on the natural frequencies and loss factors of the shell are investigated including circumferential wave number, magnetic field density, and geometrical parameters of the shell such as semi-vertex angle, length, total thickness and thickness of the MR core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant growth is impressed by biotic and abiotic stress inversely. There are many reports about proteins change level in salinity stress. Leaves fill up more soluble sugar of glucose, fructose and proline with treatment of salicylic acid. In this research, Salivia officialis seeds planted in pots containing perlite were put in a growth chamber under controlled conditions of 27 ±2 0C and 23 ±2 0C temperature, 14h lightness and 10h darkness; NaCl concentration of 0,4,8,12 ds/m and salicylic acid concentration of 0,1,2,4 mM were used in the form of factorial experiment in a complete randomized design (CRD). The results demonstrated that increasing of proline and sugars due to osmotic slope in plants lead to increasing of tolerance against dehydrations of leave content and acceleration of plant developments in stress conditions.

Lentil is often exposed to drought stress during the reproductive phase in arid and semi-arid regions. Shifting the sowing date of lentil plants from spring to fall prevents the reproductive phase from exposure to drought stress. Nevertheless, winter frosts limit lentil productivity in the fall sowing. Twenty lentil genotypes were studied in two locations (Mashhad and Jolgeh Rokh, Iran) during 2018–2019. The results showed a 100% survival in all genotypes in Mashhad due to the lack of extreme cold. While the temperature of −12.4°C in Jolgeh-Rokh in February resulted in variable plant survival rates; the highest survival rates were observed in MLC103 (45.2%). In Mashhad, plant height and the number of lateral branches of genotypes were ~15 and 52%, respectively, greater than those in Jolgeh-Rokh. The greatest biological and grain yield was observed in MLC33 and MLC70, respectively, in Mashhad and Jolgeh-Rokh. However, none of the genotypes could produce more than 1000 kg ha−1 grain yield, which might be due to the Ascochyta blight disease in Mashhad and extreme cold in Jolgeh-Rokh. Cluster grouping showed that the MLC409 and MLC70 were selected in cold regions, while the MLC33, MLC47, MLC409, and MLC454 were recommended for temperate climates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatectomy remains the gold standard for curative therapy for patients with limited primary or metastatic hepatic tumors as it offers the best survival rates. In recent years, the indication for partial hepatectomy has evolved away from what will be removed from the patient to the volume and function of the future liver remnant (FLR), i.e., what will remain. With this regard, liver regeneration strategies have become paramount in transforming patients who previously had poor prognoses into ones who, after major hepatic resection with negative margins, have had their risk of post-hepatectomy liver failure minimized. Preoperative portal vein embolization (PVE) via the purposeful occlusion of select portal vein branches to promote contralateral hepatic lobar hypertrophy has become the accepted standard for liver regeneration. Advances in embolic materials, selection of treatment approaches, and PVE with hepatic venous deprivation or concurrent transcatheter arterial embolization/radioembolization are all active areas of research. To date, the optimal combination of embolic material to maximize FLR growth is not yet known. Knowledge of hepatic segmentation and portal venous anatomy is essential before performing PVE. In addition, the indications for PVE, the methods for assessing hepatic lobar hypertrophy, and the possible complications of PVE need to be fully understood before undertaking the procedure. The goal of this article is to discuss the rationale, indications, techniques, and outcomes of PVE before major hepatectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physiologic changes in mammals, including humans, are known to vary as a function of different lunar cycle phases. Importantly, the structure of the central nervous system (CNS) affects its functional status. A total of 15 healthy volunteers underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in each of the lunar cycles, with each subject undergoing a total of four imaging sessions. Size and volume of structures such as the hippocampus, subarachnoid space, lentiform nucleus, thalamus, and trigon, were measured by expert radiologists. Inter-phase differences in size and volume were determined. There was a significant difference between ventricular volume, whole-brain volume, hippocampal volume, lentiform nuclei volume, and thalamus diameter between the four lunar phases. The new moon had the lowest values than any other lunar phase in any reported structures. Importantly, the difference between the new moon and the third quarter lunar phase was always significant. There was no significant difference in subarachnoid space volume and trigone diameter of the ventricles in different lunar phases. The trigone was the smallest in the third quarter lunar phase. Our results suggest that lunar phases affect brain structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two common bean genotypes were subjected to non-drought stress (NDS), moderate drought stress (MDS), and severe drought stress (SDS). This field experiment was carried out as split plot with three replication at the Agricultural Experimental Station, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran during 2014 and 2015. The objective was to determine the effects of deficit irrigation on dry matter accumulation, mobilization, radiation use efficiency (RUE) and economic RUE (ERUE) of bean genotypes. The results showed that under deficit irrigation conditions, decrease of seed dry matter accumulation was lower in KS21486. The ERUE was decreased in KS21193 under deficit irrigation conditions while ERUE increased under MDS conditions and decreased under SDS conditions in KS21486. The reduction of seed yield under deficit irrigation conditions was more in KS21193 in both years. In conclusion, the genotype KS21486 showed better performance under water deficit condition implying that its seed yield was less susceptible to drought stress conditions. This genotype allocated more dry matter to seeds under water deficit conditions and had higher harvest index, RUE, and ERUE under SDS condition. The results showed that the traits, namely higher ERUE, dry matter allocation to seeds, and HI are suitable indicators to determine drought-resistant genotypes. Abbreviations: NDS: Non-drought stress; MDS: Moderate drought stress; SDS: Severe drought stress; PARi: intercepted PAR: RUE: Radiation use efficiency; ERUE: economic RUE [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography is a non-invasive imaging modality, and is replacing the invasive conventional angiography in preoperative studies of vascular anatomy. Objectives: To determine the accuracy of MDCT in diagnosis of the renal arterial and venous anatomy, urinary collecting system and kidney anatomy itself in living kidney donors. Patients and Methods: In the present prospective single-center study, 134 potential kidney donors (age: 25.65±3.37 years) underwentMDCTand MDCTangiography in a single center (Aug 2012 - Oct 2013). The bolus tracking method was used. Arterial and venous anatomical variations and kidney size were assessed and compared with the surgical findings. Results: MDCT angiography revealed renal arteries, their branching with 100% sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. In addition, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for MDCT angiography were 85.71%, 100%, 100% and 99.14%, respectively, in diagnosis of venous branching pattern. There is direct linear correlation between MDCT angiography and surgical findings in measuring arterial length and diameter, and kidney size (All P values < 0.001). Only one patient had ureteral duplication. Conclusion: MDCT determines the renal vascular and urinary collecting system anatomy, and kidney characteristics with almost 100% accuracy in kidney donors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the effect of oxalic and citric acids on the uptake and relationship of phosphorus and zinc in corn (Zea mays L.), some greenhouse experiments were performed by individual and combined application of monopotassium phosphate [KH232PO4] and zinc sulfate [65ZnSO4.7H2O] fertilizers in microcosm. For this purpose after planting corn seeds, solutions of phosphorus (32P) and zinc (65Zn) (14 and 2 M) and organic acids treatments (1 and 10 mM) were injected in microcosms at suitable times. Then, plants were harvested, digested, extracted, and activity of 32P and 65Zn was measured in samples. Results revealed that the highest uptake of 32P in shoots was 18.8% and observed at 10 mM concentration of oxalic acid. But no effect on 65Zn uptake was seen and the highest uptake was observed in control (1.27%). The highest uptake of 32P and 65Zn in plant shoots and roots was observed at 10 mM concentration of oxalic and citric acids, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is designed to evaluate and compare follicular phase parameters during ovarian stimulation with the clomiphene citrate (CC) and letrozole (LET) in unexplained infertile patients who failed to get pregnant following frequent CC-treated cycles. A total of 64 unexplained infertile women who failed to get pregnant following frequent CC-treated cycles were studied for one CC-treated cycle (100 mg/day), 2 washout cycles, and then 1 LET-treated cycle (5 mg/day). Number of follicles over 14 mm in diameter, diameter of the largest follicles, endometrial thickness, serum estradiol (E2) and LH levels were measured when one mature follicle over 18 mm in diameter detected during transvaginal ultrasonography. The mean value of the largest follicle diameter, number of developed follicles >14 mm, endometrial thickness and LH in LET-treated cycle was significantly higher than CC-treated cycle ( P values were 0.007, <0.001, <0.001, and 0.004, respectively), whereas mean level of E2 showed a significantly lower level during LET-treated cycle ( P < 0.001). About 5 mg/day of LET is associated with better follicular phase parameters, endometrial development, serum E2 and LH levels in women with unexplained infertility who failed to get pregnant following frequent CC-treated cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]