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The Balmer decrement (H$\alpha$/H$\beta$) provides a constraint on attenuation, the cumulative effects of dust grains in the ISM. The ratio is a reliable spectroscopic tool for deriving the dust properties of galaxies that determine many different quantities such as star formation rate, metallicity, and SED models. Here we measure independently both the attenuation and H$\alpha$/H$\beta$ of an occulting galaxy pair: VV 191. Attenuation measurements in the visible spectrum (A$_{V,stars}$) from dust maps derived from the F606W filter of HST and the F090W filter of JWST are matched with spaxel-by-spaxel H$\alpha$/H$\beta$ observations from the George and Cynthia Mitchell Spectrograph (GCMS) of the McDonald Observatory. The 0.5 to 0.7 micron bandpass covers the Balmer lines for VV 191. The dust maps of JWST and HST provide the high sensitivity necessary for comparisons and tracking trends of the geometrically favorable galaxy. We present maps and plots of the Balmer lines for the VV 191 galaxy pair and for a specific region highlighting dust lanes for VV 191b in the overlap region. We compute A$_{V, HII}$ from H$\alpha$/H$\beta$ and plot both quantities against A$_{V, stars}$. Our results show that regions with higher dust content, residing closer to the spiral center, dominate ionized gas attenuation, leading to an overestimation of A$_{V, HII}$ by a factor or 2. Further out in the spiral arms, the lower dust content leads to more agreement between the attenuations, indicating lower SFR and larger contribution from older stars to the stellar continuum outside the Petrosian radius., Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication by The Astronomical Journal

Introduction: Spindle cell carcinoma (SCC), also called sarcomatoid carcinoma or carcinosarcoma, represents a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma that may involve multiple organs, including the larynx. It is a mixed tumor, composed of both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements. As the larynx appears to be an unusual site, we report a case of treated SCC laryngeal as well as a literature review of such tumor., Observation: A 72-year-old male, with 2 months' history of a progressive worsening dysphonia, was examined. The patient examination showed no cervical adenopathy, while direct laryngoscopy detected a voluminous budding formation of the anterior commissure. A biopsy was performed, in which an undifferentiated carcinoma was identified. The computed tomography (CT) confirmed the existence of a glottic tumor, which completely obstructs the lumen of the larynx. No metastasis were noticed elsewhere on the PET-CT. The tumor was then classified as T3 N0 M0. The patient underwent a total laryngectomy, thyroidectomy and neck dissection. The definitive histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of SCC of the larynx with negative surgical margins. Afterward, the patient underwent adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) on the tumor bed., Conclusion: Primary laryngeal SCC is a very rare malignancy with a tendency to occur with controlateral lymph node metastasis at an early stage of the disease. Combining surgery and postoperative RT is recommended due to its aggressive profile., Competing Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2024.)