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Potential inhibitors of a target biomolecule, NAD-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin 1, were identified by a contest-based approach, in which participants were asked to propose a prioritized list of 400 compounds from a designated compound library containing 2.5 million compounds using in silico methods and scoring. Our aim was to identify target enzyme inhibitors and to benchmark computer-aided drug discovery methods under the same experimental conditions. Collecting compound lists derived from various methods is advantageous for aggregating compounds with structurally diversified properties compared with the use of a single method. The inhibitory action on Sirtuin 1 of approximately half of the proposed compounds was experimentally accessed. Ultimately, seven structurally diverse compounds were identified.

Elevating the charging voltage of lithium-ion batteries with a LiCoO2 cathode is investigated to develop them toward high capacity and energy density. Three countermeasures are found to be essential to overcome side reactions with subsequent cycle degradations caused by higher cathode potential: (i) limiting the charging cut-off potential below 4.5 V vs Li/Li+ for the LiCoO2 cathode, (ii) modification of LiCoO2 particles with Zr element, and (iii) controlling the ratio of ethylene carbonate in electrolyte, which is found to be a major cause of cycle degradation in an elevated charging potential condition. It is suggested that ethylene carbonate is oxidized and dissolves cobalt on the surface of the LiCoO2 cathode, degrading cycle performance especially at high potentials. Raising the charging voltage up to 4.4 from 4.2 V for a 650 mAh class test cell demonstrates 10% higher cell capacity with 20% higher LiCoO2 capacity of 390 mAh g-1 and practical cycle performance up to 500 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating the perspectives of three individual Japanese learners of English from a university in Japan on the nature of their classroom reticence, this project highlights the voices of silent learners who yearn to speak. Unfortunately, silent student perspectives often go unheard in the classroom and are under-reported in research studies. We intended to search out these silent 'pro-talk' voices and investigate conditions that might assist these students in (a) moving away from reticence, (b) increasing verbal communication, and (c) developing their verbal English proficiency. Drawn from in-depth interview data and to contribute to English language teaching (ELT) pedagogy, the following article outlines strategic ways of assisting the learning of quiet students who do not wish to be silent anymore. Although, in their ideology, these students yearn for a verbally proactive classroom process, they often experience verbal limitations in the everyday classroom. While on the outside, these students seem to be peacefully quiet, within each, there is an accumulation of feelings and thoughts that cause internal tension and, at times, intense disappointment. For this study, we have labelled these silent students as 'pro-verbalisation learners'. Speaking entirely in Japanese, the three pro-verbalisation learners in this study shared critical views toward undesirable classroom processes and offered possible solutions to improve limitations in existing classroom methods. According to these students, ideal conditions for verbal change can only occur if the teacher is willing to modify their pedagogy to establish new participation rules, ease classroom tension, nurture peer cohesiveness, and build verbally supportive elements into the learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prilozi za Istrazivanje Hrvatske Filozofske Bastine is the property of Institut za Filosofiju and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vrhbosnensia is the property of Katolicki Bogoslovni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper focuses on the serious but not well-acknowledged problem related to legal transcript production in SNNPRS High Courts. It sheds light on how distortions of content are made in the testimonies of witnesses to the extent they may affect the legal evidential purpose transcripts could serve. Textual data were collected through audio-recording of court proceedings, review of legal transcripts and interviews. The findings indicated that legal transcription is conducted by employees who had qualification in computer science, but no training in legal transcription and the role that transcripts have in the judicial process. The High Courts of the region employ unilingual and inter-lingual modes of transcription, depending on whether limited court language-proficient witnesses who testify in their native tongue are provided with a court interpreter or not. Major language use problems that are observed in the legal transcripts were found to be attributable to lack of training, and lack of awareness on the part of judges, the judicial system and legal transcribers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When a foreign group that wants to relocate comes into contact with the culture of the host group, the process of intercultural adaptation of both groups is set in motion. The process starts and continues through communication, regardless of its form. During this process, individuals undergo a certain degree of intercultural transformation, corresponding to the degree of communication they have had. Transformation is bilateral and occurs naturally and inevitably, even when foreigners do not seek to adapt and want to maintain their individuality, even if they do not have a proactive attitude in order for adaptation to occur, even when there is no desire to effectively participate in communicative activities with the hosts and the foreigners choose to mainly become implicated in superficial contacts with the natives. Even in extreme conflictual situations, such as war or the crisis of refugees, the individuals who came into contact with the culture of the states where they took refuge, upon returning to their own country, no longer have the same cultural traits as when they left their native country. The purpose of this article is to theoretically analyze the psychological mechanisms that are of interest in the field of social work regarding the process of intercultural transformation that takes place through communication between the host group and the foreign group in the clash of two different cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational reforms in many Asian countries, particularly in China and Vietnam, have highlighted the pivotal role of the constructivist approach. However, the implementation of constructivism into the classroom is still very challenging for teachers. Although there is a wealth of research on constructivism, few studies have focused on the difficulties teachers often encounter when organizing constructivist lessons, especially in the EFL context. To address this gap, this study employed a mixedmethods approach, including triangulated data (a questionnaire, classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews) with the participation of 120 EFL teachers in a private university in Vietnam. The findings indicate that teachers faced a wide array of problems in their constructivist classes, including conceptual, pedagogical, cultural, political, and technological dilemmas. Furthermore, they did not comprehend constructivism as they believed, probably due to a superficial understanding of this approach or the effect of Confucian culture. Additionally, this study verifies and contributes to the framework of Windschitl regarding the four dilemmas teachers often confront in constructivist classrooms. Theoretical and practical implications for future researchers as well as for educational stakeholders and institutional leaders on what should be taken into careful consideration prior to the incorporation of constructivism, were also discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently writing centers are expanding to Asian higher education contexts. However, there is a scarcity of research from writing centers in Asian settings and from non-native English speaker (NNES) tutor perspectives. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to enrich understandings of the challenges and expectations perceived by NNES tutors during tutoring writing sessions with intermediate level Japanese EFL (English as Foreign Language) students. A qualitative approach was employed utilizing two data collection methods: 16 interviews with writing tutors, and two quasi-focus groups. Thematic analysis of the data revealed five major categories for challenges perceived by NNES tutors: miscommunication, student silence, mismatched expectations, interpretation of teacher feedback and error correction. It is argued that these are the main challenges that EFL writing tutors face and hence indicate the necessity to train tutors how to deal with them. The implications for creating Asian writing centers and tutor training are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gazi Journal of Economics & Business is the property of Gazi Journal of Economics & Business and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although the diagnosis of selective mutism (SM) is more prevalent among immigrant children, the link between the disorder and an immigration background has been elusive. Guided by ecocultural models of development, the current study aimed to construct a theory-based description of SM while considering individual, family, and contextual risk factors. Participants were 78 children with SM (38.4% with an immigration background), and 247 typically developed children (18.2% with an immigration background). Consistent with previous studies, our results suggest that anxiety was the most important predictor of SM symptoms, above and beyond immigration background. Immigration, especially if coupled with bilingual status and low family income, predicted increased levels of SM symptoms. Identifying multi-level predictors of SM may help researchers and clinicians to improve early identification and treatment of SM in culturally and linguistically diverse children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employee silence poses a significant challenge for organizations, hindering the use of innovative ideas and the establishment of democratic work environments. While previous research has predominantly focused on the cultural roots of silence within organizational culture, the influences of broader social-cultural factors have often been overlooked. In addition, investigations into the antecedents of silence have mainly relied on quantitative methodologies, leaving gaps in our understanding. To address these limitations, this study employs an exploratory qualitative case study methodology. Conducted through in-depth interviews with 12 research assistants from state universities, this study investigates the impact of power distance perceptions on academicians' silence behavior. The findings reveal that research assistants exhibit a heightened perception of power distance, leading to instances of inappropriate deference and a tendency to remain silent on critical issues, even when such silence is undesirable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the multi-layered translational process of intercepted conversations which appear as evidence in court files in the form of translated wiretap records. The translational challenge here is to transfer the multimodal content of a spoken text in the source language into a written text in the target language. Based on audio data from 17 original intercepted communications and case file documents from a Swiss criminal investigation, the multimodality of the resulting hybrid translational action is explored. In this paper, the process of interlingual decontextualisation and recontextualisation of intercepted communication is examined from the bottom up. The analysis shows that there are different levels of contextualisation that must be considered to achieve a fuller picture of the meaning of a wiretapped conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the 70-year history of the Institute for Historical Sciences of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (HAZU) in Zadar, highlighting its contributions to research and preservation of cultural heritage. Topics include the Institute's founding and evolution, its significant scientific and cultural achievements, and its collaborations with local and international institutions.

Although the goals of consensus‐based decision‐making (CBDM) and the academic theological classroom are quite distinct (most notably that in the classroom, there is no need to come to a group decision), both share the aim of honoring all voices and perspectives and ensuring that marginalized voices and experiences are elevated. It is an important tool for all to consider, particularly due to its benefits for students from different cultural backgrounds who may experience various forms of systemic inequality. This paper considers the strengths as well as limitations of CBDM‐related practices for facilitating conversation in a theological studies classroom, with specific emphasis on the speakers' list—a common CBDM tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the notion of silence in the context of the current fast-paced society. The exploratory research project draws on observations relevant to every one of us, surrounded by the constant noise (information, traffic, sounds) as well as on existing literature reporting the suppression of silence in favour of words in the media. In this article, we argue that silence is an element of communication which offers additional forms of meaning-making within social contexts. Using 'The Archers', one of the most iconic radio drama programmes in the United Kingdom, this article investigates the use of silence in comparison with the use of other verbal and nonverbal elements of communication through content analysis. The findings illustrate that silence is an integral part of communication and silence is associated with the field of psychology. The article recommends further research on the 'understanding' of silence, identifying additional psychological interactions between media and society, as well as its influence and the control that media has over society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to illustrate the diverse modes and implications of pseudo-directive speech acts in Javanese, specifically emphasizing the Jogjakarta area. This field of pragmatics has garnered heightened attention in recent decades. However, it is worth noting that language researchers have not thoroughly examined these pragmatic studies and have not been extensively explored in linguistics. Method: The primary data source of the study consists of excerpts of verbal expressions within the familial context. The provenance of the locational data can be traced to a familial unit with a cultural legacy deeply embedded in Javanese customs. The data were collected using observation and participation methodologies, employing advanced techniques of recording and note taking. The data were categorized and characterized to identify the various data types and formats. The tabulated results of classification and typification are presented to triangulate theory through expert validation and justification of theories. The method of contextual analysis was utilized to conduct the data analysis that relies on the pragmatic context. Results: The study's findings indicate the following: The Javanese language encompasses various modes of pseudo-directive utterances, such as commanding, ordering, suggesting, insinuating, and recommending. In addition, the Javanese language encompasses pseudo-directive pragmatics such as warning, prohibiting, reminding, suggesting, and commanding. Conclusion: This research will significantly assist in formulating a pragmatic framework that considers cultural factors, as other linguistic phenomena in various regional languages remain unresolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a compilation of research articles and reports that explore the impact of evolving technology and the COVID-19 pandemic on education. The research examines topics such as the use of digital technology in teaching and learning, the challenges and opportunities of online education, the effects of the pandemic on students' mental health, and the role of technology in facilitating remote learning. The findings provide insights into the experiences of students and educators during the pandemic and offer recommendations for policymakers and higher education institutions. The research emphasizes the need for careful implementation and monitoring of digital education, while also recognizing the importance of face-to-face education and addressing challenges to ensure equal access to quality education. [Extracted from the article]

A low‐carbon future demands more affordable batteries utilizing abundant elements with sustainable end‐of‐life battery management. Despite the economic and environmental advantages of Li‐MnO2 batteries, their application so far has been largely constrained to primary batteries. Here, we demonstrate that one of the major limiting factors preventing the stable cycling of Li‐MnO2 batteries, Mn dissolution, can be effectively mitigated by employing a common ether electrolyte, 1 mol/L lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) in 1,3‐dioxane (DOL)/1,2‐dimethoxyethane (DME). We discover that the suppression of this dissolution enables highly reversible cycling of the MnO2 cathode regardless of the synthesized phase and morphology. Moreover, we find that both the LiPF6 salt and carbonate solvents present in conventional electrolytes are responsible for previous cycling challenges. The ether electrolyte, paired with MnO2 cathodes is able to demonstrate stable cycling performance at various rates, even at elevated temperature such as 60°C. Our discovery not only represents a defining step in Li‐MnO2 batteries with extended life but provides design criteria of electrolytes for vast manganese‐based cathodes in rechargeable batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with difficulties related to the validity of celebrations of the sacrament of marriage. By virtue of the traditional doctrine on the inseparability of marital contract and marital sacrament, our aim is to explain the importance of faith and proper intentions and to show the different approaches related to the question of which type of intentions are necessary if a marriage is to be celebrated in a valid way. Through various Church documents, we seek to provide an overview of the difficulties related to the relationship between faith, proper intention and valid celebration of the sacrament of marriage. The documents of the International Theological Commission and the Synods of Bishops from 1980, together with John Paul ll's exhortation Familiaris consortion are analyzed. We also describe the tendency of the Roman Rota's juridical practice on the exclusion of sacramentality as an autonomous element in the annulment of a marriage. Language that defines the exclusion of sacramentality on the basis of lack of faith on the part of spouses as an autonomous element in the annulment is highlighted. The article also deals with Relatio Synodi n. 48, which directly emphasizes the importance of faith for the valid celebration of the sacrament of marriage. The final part of this article focuses on Pope Benedict XVI's and Pope Francis's addresses to the members of the tribunal of the Roman Rota from 2013 to 2017, dealing specifically with the faith and consent of spouses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By blurring the agency of intercept interpreters, criminal justice agents whitewash actual unsolved questions of accountability between police and intercept interpreters regarding the selection and the editing of intercepted conversations. Although intercept interpreters substantially help criminal justice agents in constructing a criminal case, thereby shaping their understanding of the events and actively contributing to the employment, criminal justice agents still adhere to the fictional idea that intercept interpreters solely produce literal translations. In the French film I La Daronne i (2020), directed by Jean-Paul Salomé, the impressive actress Isabelle Huppert plays an intercept interpreter: she works for the drug squad in Paris and interprets the secretly surveilled phone calls of drug dealers from Arabic to French. From the point of view of the socio-legal insight regarding performative writing ([62]: 56), the fact that criminal justice authorities render the interpreter's co-authorship invisible is disturbing: when creating TWRs, intercept interpreters exercise performative writing, which is a fact-producing act. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Language & Intercultural Communication is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vrhbosnensia is the property of Katolicki Bogoslovni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Istanbul University Journal of Women's Studies / İstanbul Üniversitesi Kadın Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Istanbul University Journal of Women's Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Church in the World / Crkva u Svijetu is the property of University of Split, Catholic Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper provides an empirically grounded examination of the perception of silence in casual conversation among the Rimi native speakers in Singida. Four casual conversations of Rimi native speakers were examined. Silence in conversation was determined using the turn-taking framework in Conversation Analysis. The findings indicate that, in Rimi, silence is mainly perceived negatively; it is used to express, among others, anger, conceit and terror. However, there is a tendency to give it a positive value. Some positive uses of silence include a cognitive function and social discretion. The interviews and focus group discussions reveal individuals evaluating their own silences positively. These results suggest that silence can either foster or stifle conversation and that interpreting silence in the Rimi community remains complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Police interpreting has received minimum scholastic attention in China. This study systematically researched the accreditation, training and employment of interpreters in police interviews in China. The current translator and interpreter accreditation tests in China adopt a generic approach that has generally failed to meet the public service interpreting needs. Uncertified bilingual officers or freelance interpreters without prior legal interpreting training are usually employed to assist with police interviews. The recent development of Master of Translation and Interpreting (MTI) programs, Master of Legal Translation and Interpreting (MLTI) programs and Foreign-related Policing programs have made little difference in easing the shortage of certified police interview interpreters. It is suggested to reform the current accreditation tests: to include a police interpreter accreditation sub-division. Bilingual officers should not be excluded from assisting police interviews. They should be assessed for their linguistic skills and interpreting skills and be certified either as interpreters or as bilinguals. Closer collaboration among police forces, law schools and foreign studies colleges would help develop more pragmatic training materials and better train trainers on police interview interpreting. Meanwhile, a national register system of police interpreters with different levels of credentials should be established to ensure the proper administration of justice. China's development patterns in the police interpreting accreditation, training and register systems might be of significant reference value to some other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When communication difficulties arise in a judicial context, an interpreter is required; however, this approach could entail the omission or misinterpretation of information. Thus, to avoid such risks, it may be suitable to directly interview those who are proficient in the local language. In this study, we investigated the differences in the quality and quantity of eyewitness testimony given in one's native and second languages, focusing on the category of information relating to an event (i.e. agent, place, object, and action). Sixty proficient Chinese–Japanese- bilingual speakers were presented with a video clip; they were then asked to give a free eyewitness report in their native and second languages (orders were counterbalanced). The results showed that the amount of accurate information related to the object and action observed was higher in the native language than in the second language, whereas observations of place had significantly more information in the second language. The participants also reported more inaccurate information regarding the object and action category in their native language than in their second language. These results suggest that providing eyewitness testimony in one's second language may specifically affect the details of an event; however, the orientating information is less intact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]