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Trimorus (Lochana) karna Veenakumari sp. nov. (Figures 1 a– d, 2a–e, 3a–c) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 424E4B86-2251-4C82-A8E8-C99618A576C2 Description Female body length = 2.57 (2.28–3.11) mm, n = 4; male body length = 2.47 (2.14– 2.67) mm, n = 4. Colour Head black; mesoscutum black, with posterolateral margin red-brown; mesoscutellum black with lateral and posterior margins red-brown; metascutellum and metanotal trough red-brown; mesoscutal medial spine black except for a red-brown apical tip; medial metascutellar spine basally black laterally, remainder orange-brown; posterior propodeal projections brown-yellow with uneven black patches; metasoma black except for a narrow red-brown band on anterior margin of T1; lateral pronotal area black except redbrown patches ventrally; mesopleuron and metapleuron red-brown with uneven black patches medially; legs yellow; radicle and basal 1/3 of A1 yellow; remainder of A1 and A2 dark brown; A3–A5 yellow; A6 brown; A7–A12 black. Head Subequal in width and height, 2× as high as long; IOS 0.6× head width, 0.9× eye length; POL> OOL> LOL in ratio of 12.9:11.1:7.0; OOL 2.0× OD; eye very long and narrow, 2.2× as long as wide (L:W = 47.6:21.9), densely setose; frons densely setose, facial striae progressively increasing in length (laterad) reaching vertex; central keel distinct, extends up to anterior ocellus; antennal scrobe above toruli present, glabrous; torular triangle setose; a blunt hyperoccipital carina present; vertex setigerous punctate and with a weak longitudinal depression medially; occipital carina not foveate; gena dorsally narrow, Mesosoma Mesonotum convex; mesoscutum (L:W = 35.7:64.1) and mesoscutellum (L:W = 23.1:48.4) with dense setigerous punctae; mesoscutal humeral sulcus not foveate; medial mesoscutellar spine with longitudinal carinae; posterior mesoscutellar sulcus foveate; scutoscutellar sulcus laterally foveate; metascutellum foveate; metanotal trough foveate; medial metascutellar spine longitudinally carinate, 2× the length of medial mesoscutellar spine; epomial carina distinct; lateral pronotal area dorsally with weak setigerous punctae, posteromedially smooth with uneven short, blunt carinae, ventrally with transverse carinae; netrion sulcus not distinct; speculum of mesopleuron with a semicircular carina; prespecular sulcus indicated by round foveae; mesopleural pit present; mesopleural carina distinct; episternal sulcus foveate; postacetabular sulcus with depressions; femoral depression with transverse carinae with wide depressions between them; mesepimeral sulcus indicated with uneven shallow foveae dorsally; ventral mesopleuron with a row of foveae followed by a row of depressions; anterior margins of mesopleuron and metapleuron with dense setae; paracoxal sulcus and ventral metapleural sulcus foveate with strong transverse carinae between them; lateral propodeal area foveate on anterior margin, remainder with longitudinal carinae with depressions between them, densely setose; posterior propodeal projections smooth, 0.5× length of metascutellar spine. Fore wing (L:W = 161.4:60.0) and hind wing (L:W = 135.7:31.4) hyaline; stigmalis perpendicular to marginalis. Metasoma (L:W = 98.4:63.3); T1 longitudinally costate; T2 longitudinally costate with elongate basal foveae, posteriorly smooth; T3 with small, round basal foveae and longitudinal costae medially, extending 0.7× length of tergite, posteriorly smooth; T4 medially smooth with weak reticulations laterally; remaining tergites smooth with setae; T2–T4 with dense lateral patch; T1 0.6× the length of T2, T2 0.4× length of T3. Male Similar to female; antenna with 12 antennomeres; A3 shorter than A1; A4–A10 at least 1.5× the length of A1, with sparse, short setae. Material examined Holotype: female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4300), INDIA: Karnataka: Chikkaballapur, Nandi Hills, 13.617°N 77.692°E, 1448 m, SN, 28 July 2011. Paratypes: 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR /P4309), South Andaman: Sippighat, 11.604°N 92.686°E, 8 m, YPT, 23 February 2012; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR /P4365), Tamil Nadu: Yercaud, Horticulture Research Station (HRS), 11.795°N 78.211°E, 1399 m, YPT, medicinal garden, 6 August 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR /P4367), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT, weeds, 26 November 2016; 4 males (ICAR / NBAIR /P4368-P4371), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT, weeds, 26 November 2016; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR /P4301) Karnataka: Chikkaballapur, Nandi Hills, 13.617°N 77.692°E, 1448 m, SN, 11 August 2011; 2 males (ICAR / NBAIR /P4302, P4304), Karnataka: Chikkaballapur, Nandi Hills, 13.617°N 77.692°E, 1448 m, SN, 28 July 2011; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR /P4311), Karnataka: Bengaluru, Kengeri, 12.956°N 77.527°E, 857 m, YPT, 17 November 2012. Etymology This species is named ‘Karna’, after the tragic hero in the Indian epic Mahabharatha, who was so charitable that he gave to the needy even when it was to his own detriment. The name is treated as a noun in apposition. Diagnosis Trimorus (Lochana) karna sp. nov. is similar to T. (L.) satyaki sp. nov. but differs from it in the following combination of characters: in T. (L.) karna entire mesoscutum is setigerous punctate; femoral depression with wide depressions between the transverse carinae; mesopleural carina with no foveae on posterior margin; paracoxal sulcus and ventral metapleural sulcus foveate with strong transverse carinae between them; lateral patch on T3 dense; whereas in T. (L.) satyaki sp. nov. entire mesoscutum is setigerous punctate except for imbricate sculpture posteromedially; femoral depression with narrow depressions between transverse carinae; mesopleural carina with a row of foveae on posterior margin; paracoxal sulcus and ventral metapleural sulcus foveate without strong transverse carinae between them, instead a smooth area present; lateral patch on T3 sparse., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Keloth, Rajmohana, Sreedevi, Kolla, Kumar, P. Girish & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Replacement name for the homonym of subgenus Trimorus (Neotrimorus) (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) with description of two new species from India, pp. 1709-1725 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1711-1716, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2134060, http://zenodo.org/record/7380574

Chakra juturna Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BEEF7E96-FD93-427A-A998-0046585576A3 (Figures 10 (a–f), 23(f)) Female body length = 1.44–1.64 mm (n = 5). Colour Dorsal frons brown to black, lower frons yellow-brown, vertex brown; ocelli with black inner margins; anterior mesoscutum brown-black, remainder of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum brown; metascutellar spine and propodeum yellow-brown with red-brown markings on lateral and posterior margins; T1, T2, anterior T3 yellow brown, remaining tergites brown to black; radicle yellow, A1–A6 yellow-brown, remaining antennomeres yellow with uneven black patches; all legs yellow with black apical tarsomeres. Head 1.2× as wide as high, 1.3× as high as long. Setation on head: dense. IOS: 0.7× head width, 1.3× eye length. POL> OOL> LOL: 7.1:6.6:4.5. OOL: 2.4× MOD. Compound eye: large (L: W = 17.3:11.7). Sculpture on vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture. Sculpture of frons: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture, except for semicircular or arching striations on either side of imaginary central keel. Central keel: absent. Sculpture of gena: with setose protuberances. Facial and malar striae: prominent. Interantennal process: weakly sculptured with longitudinal rows of setae, elongate and gradually narrowing apically. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 26.5:30.6. Setation of mesoscutum: dense. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: foveate laterally. L:W of mesoscutellum: 12.5:20.1. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances. Setation of mesoscutellum: dense. Sculpture of metascutellum: intricately sculptured with anterior foveae. Armature of metascutellum: triangular spine. Sculpture of metanotal trough: weakly foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: with depressions. Posterior propodeal projection: pointed, directed posteriorly. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: dorsally with setose protuberances, medially smooth, remainder with intricate sculpture. Pronotal cervical sulcus: weakly foveate. Netrion sulcus: weakly foveate. Speculum of mesopleuron: transversely carinate. Episternal sulcus: foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: not foveate. Prespecular sulcus: foveate. Mesepimeral sulcus: foveate. Mesepimeral area: smooth, wider than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Mesopleural pit: present. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setose protuberances. Sculpture of metapleuron: dorsally smooth and ventrally smooth with sparse setose protuberances anteroventrally. Metapleural sulcus: foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: foveate. L:W of fore wing: 101.9:31.3. L:W of hind wing: 93.0:16.0. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: absent. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 78.7:30.9. Sculpture of T1: longitudinally costate. Length of T1: 0.7× the length of T2. Horn on T1: indicated as a smooth projection. Length of T2: 0.8× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: basal foveae present, followed by longitudinal costae. Sculpture of T3: medially smooth, remainder weakly longitudinally striate. Sculpture of T4–T6: weakly reticulate to smooth. Male Not known. Material examined Holotype. Female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4448), INDIA: Tamil Nadu: Dindugul, Thandikudi, RCRS, 10.309°N 77.642°E, 1305 m, YPT, 26 June 2015. Paratypes. 2 females (ICAR / NBAIR /P4449–P4450), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT (weeds), 28 November 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR /P4451), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT (in plots of Laurus nobilis: Lauraceae), 28 November 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR /P4452), Rajasthan: Udaipur: Badgaon, 24.636°N 73.680°E, 178 m, YPT (guava (Psidium guajava: Myrtaceae) plot), 24 November 2016. Etymology The specific epithet ‘juturna’ refers to the Roman goddess of fountains, alluding to the multiple streams of water issuing in parallel arcs from the nozzle of a fountain akin to the pattern of the carinae on the frons of this species. The name is treated as a noun in apposition. Diagnosis This species has characteristic semicircular prominent carinae adjacent to the imaginary central keel., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1677-1680, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608

Chakra kambani Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 84406B92-FE73-44D5-9FCB-21588B78CE8B (Figures 11 (a–f), 23(g)) Female body length = 1.58–1.66 mm (n = 3). Colour Head and mesosoma yellow-brown, with a weak black patch on posterolateral mesoscutum; T1, T4–T6 brown, T2–T3 yellow-brown; inner margins of ocelli without black patches; radicle, A1–A6 yellow-brown, remaining antennomeres brown-black; all legs brown-yellow with black apical tarsomeres. Head 1.3× as wide as high, 1.2× as high as long. Setation on head: dense. IOS: 0.6× head width, 1.4× eye length. POL> LOL> OOL: 14.0:8.4:4.2. OOL: 2.5× MOD. Compound eye: large (L: W = 16.4:11.5). Sculpture on vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture. Sculpture of frons: with setose protuberances, except for weak striae radiating from imaginary central keel. Central keel: absent. Sculpture of gena: with setose protuberances interspersed with longitudinal carinae. Facial and malar striae: prominent. Interantennal process: triangular. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 18.9:23.8. Setation of mesoscutum: dense. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: not foveate, indicated by a furrow. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: entirely foveate. L:W of mesoscutellum: 8.1:17.3. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture. Setation of mesoscutellum: dense. Sculpture of metascutellum: weakly foveate. Armature of metascutellum: rectangular lamina, with lateral margins weakly projecting posteriorly. Sculpture of metanotal trough: weakly foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: with setose protuberances. Posterior propodeal projection: blunt, directed posteriorly. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: dorsally with sparse setose protuberances, medially smooth, posteriorly transversely carinate. Pronotal cervical sulcus: not foveate. Netrion sulcus: weakly foveate. Speculum of mesopleuron: transversely carinate. Episternal sulcus: foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: not foveate. Prespecular sulcus: not foveate. Mesepimeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesepimeral area: dorsally sculptured, ventrally smooth, wider than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of femoral depression: predominantly smooth, with sparse oblique carinae. Mesopleural pit: present. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setigerous protuberances. Sculpture of metapleuron: dorsally smooth, ventrally with sparse setigerous protuberances and a smooth area posteriorly. Metapleural sulcus: weakly foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: weakly foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: not foveate. Wings: brachypterous. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: absent. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 76.3:35.7. Sculpture of T1: longitudinally costate. Length of T1: 0.7× the length of T2. Horn on T1: indicated as anterior protuberance. Length of horn on T1: 0.5× length of T1. Sculpture of horn on T1: costate with a smooth patch apically. Length of T2: 0.8× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: weak basal foveae indicated, followed by longitudinal striae. Sculpture of T3: weakly reticulate. Sculpture of T4–T6: weakly reticulate. Male Not known. Material examined Holotype. Female (ICAR/NBAIR/P4485), INDIA: Tamil Nadu: Periyakulam, Horticulture College and Research Institute (HCRI), 10.118°N 77.548°E, 53 m, YPT (mango (Mangifera indica: Anacardiaceae) orchard), 16 August 2013. Paratypes. 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4486), Tamil Nadu: Kanyakumari, Manalodai, 11.251° N 78.696°E, 618 m, YPT (Black gram (Vigna mungo: Fabaceae)), 13 May 2013; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4487), Tamil Nadu: Kamatchipuram, Periyakulam, 10.118°N 77.548°E, 288 m, YPT, 17 August 2013. Etymology The species is named after Kamban, the twelfth-century CE Indian poet who is thought to have composed the Tamil Ramayana in two weeks. The name is treated as a noun in the genitive case. Diagnosis This species resembles C. pillaiyar sp. nov. and C. pachmarhica but differs from them in having brachypterous wings and absence of marginal cilia on posterior margin of fore wing proximally., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1680-1682, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608

Chakra alexandra Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 902F00DF-4D0A-4655-93A2-79A64C92B3F2 (Figures 3 (a–f), 23(b)) Female body length = 1.24–1.38 mm (n = 8). Colour Head, mesosoma and metasoma dark brown with T1–T3 brown-yellow; anterior T1 and T2 with narrow transverse black band; inner margins of ocelli with black markings; metascutellar spine and lateral propodeal area with black margins; radicle and A1 brown-yellow, remaining antennomeres yellow with uneven black patches; all legs yellow-brown with black apical tarsomeres. Head 1.1× as wide as high, 1.5× as high as long. Setation on head: dense. IOS: 0.6× head width, 1.1× eye length. POL> LOL> OOL: 8.0:6.0:5.0. OOL: 1.8× MOD. Compound eye: large (L: W = 19.8:14.4). Sculpture on vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with rugose sculpture. Sculpture of frons: with sparse setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with smooth to rugose sculpture, additional weak transverse reticulations present on either side of central keel. Central keel: present, 0.2× head height. Sculpture of gena: with setose protuberances, interspersed with longitudinal carinae. Facial and malar striae: weak. Interantennal process: weakly sculptured, basally wide and gradually narrowing apically. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 21.5:29.8. Setation of mesoscutum: dense. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with rugose sculpture. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: entirely foveate. L:W of mesoscutellum: 10.2:22.3. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with rugose sculpture. Setation of mesoscutellum: dense. Sculpture of metascutellum: smooth with longitudinal carinae. Armature of metascutellum: triangular spine, rounded apically. Sculpture of metanotal trough: foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: smooth with shallow depressions. Posterior propodeal projection: pointed, directed laterally. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: dorsally setigerous protuberances followed by weak reticulations, medially smooth, posteriorly and ventrally transversely carinate. Pronotal cervical sulcus: foveate. Netrion sulcus: with weak depressions ventrally. Speculum of mesopleuron: transversely carinate. Episternal sulcus: foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: not foveate. Prespecular sulcus: foveate. Mesepimeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesepimeral area: smooth, wider than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of femoral depression: dorsally smooth, ventrally obliquely carinate. Mesopleural pit: present. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setose protuberances. Sculpture of metapleuron: dorsally smooth with intricate sculpture posteriorly and ventrally with depressions, except for a smooth area posterodorsally. Metapleural sulcus: foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: not foveate. L:W of fore wing: 84.4:31.3. L:W of hind wing: 75.3:14.1. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: absent. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 53.5:33.4. Sculpture of T1: basally foveate, followed by longitudinal costae, posteromedially smooth. Length of T1: 0.7× the length of T2. Horn on T1: absent. Length of T2: 0.6× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: basal foveae present, followed by longitudinal costae and posteromedially smooth. Sculpture of T3: longitudinally striate anteromedially, remainder coriaceous reticulate. Sculpture of T4–T6: coriaceous reticulate. Male Unknown. Material examined Holotype. Female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4401), INDIA: Andaman and Nicobar Is: Great Nicobar I: Campbell Bay, 7.013°N 93.934°E, 13 m, YPT, 20 March 2016. Paratypes. 12 females (ICAR / NBAIR / P4402–4413), Andaman and Nicobar Is: Great Nicobar I.: Campbell Bay, 7.013°N 93.934°E, 13 m, YPT, 20 March 2016; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR / P4414), Andaman and Nicobar Is: Great Nicobar I.: Campbell Bay, 7.013°N 93.934°E, 13 m, YPT, 20 March 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4439), Andaman and Nicobar Is: Great Nicobar I: Campbell Bay, 7.013°N 93.934°E, 13 m, SN, 18 March 2016. Etymology The species epithet ‘alexandra’ refers to one of the five major rivers in Great Nicobar, the island where this species was collected. The name is treated as a noun in apposition. Diagnosis This species resembles C. galathea sp. nov. but differs from it in having a central keel on frons and reticulations on lower frons adjacent to central keel; whereas in C. galathea sp. nov. central keel on frons is absent and short carinae are present adjacent to central keel., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1664-1666, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608

Chakra galathea Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 819BB9CE-20CB-4AF6-A8C6-A4DC01F1BB27 (Figures 6 (a–f), 7(a–b), 23(d)) Female body length = 1.42–1.63 mm (n = 10); male body length = 1.32– 1.56 mm (n = 10). Colour Entire body brown with uneven patches of black, metasoma paler than head and mesosoma; metascutellar spine and lateral propodeal area with black margins; ocelli with black patches on inner margin; entire antenna yellow brown; all legs yellow, with black apical tarsomeres. Head 1.3× as wide as high, 1.4× as high as long. Setation on head: dense. IOS: 0.6× head width, 1.2× eye length. POL> LOL> OOL: 8.0:6.2:4.5. OOL: 1.7× MOD. Compound eye: large (L: W = 18.6:13.7). Sculpture of vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with coriaceous reticulations posteriorly. Sculpture of frons: with setose protuberances except for short transverse and oblique carinae on either side of imaginary central keel. Central keel: absent, instead a smooth longitudinal area indicated. Sculpture of gena: longitudinally carinate, interspersed with setose protuberances. Facial and malar striae: prominent. Interantennal process: smooth, basal half wide, abruptly narrowing in distal half. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 19.6:28.9. Setation of mesoscutum: dense. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: entirely foveate. L:W of mesoscutellum: 10.7:21.4. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances. Setation of mesoscutellum: dense. Sculpture of metascutellum: smooth with sparse longitudinal carinae. Armature of metascutellum: triangular medial spine, 0.5× length of mesoscutellum. Sculpture of metanotal trough: foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: smooth with weak foveae. Posterior propodeal projection: pointed, directed laterad. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: with setose protuberances dorsally, obliquely striate posterodorsally, medially smooth, intricate sculpture posteriorly and ventrally. Pronotal cervical sulcus: not foveate. Netrion sulcus: with weak depressions. Speculum of mesopleuron: transversely carinate. Episternal sulcus: foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: not foveate. Prespecular sulcus: foveate ventrally. Mesepimeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesepimeral area: smooth, wider than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of femoral depression: dorsally smooth, ventrally obliquely carinate. Mesopleural pit: present. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setose protuberances. Sculpture of metapleuron: dorsally with intricate sculpture, ventrally with setose protuberances. Metapleural sulcus: foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: not foveate. L:W of fore wing: 82.0:28.7. L:W of hind wing: 74.7:13.3. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: absent. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 62.9:34.6. Sculpture of T1: longitudinally costate with weak basal foveae. Length of T1: 0.6× the length of T2. Horn on T1: absent. Length of T2: 0.6× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: with elongate basal foveae, followed by longitudinal costae and smooth area posteriorly. Sculpture of T3: medially smooth, submedially longitudinally striate culminating in reticulation, remainder coriaceous reticulate. Sculpture of T4–T6: medially smooth, remainder reticulate. Male Similar to female except for colour. Head and mesosoma black, metasoma brown-black. Shape of antennomeres: elongate. Material examined Holotype. Female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4500), INDIA: Andaman and Nicobar Is: Great Nicobar I.: Campbell Bay, 7.013°N 93.934°E, 13 m, YPT, 22 March 2016. Paratypes. 14 females (ICAR / NBAIR / P4501 – P4514), Andaman and Nicobar Is: Great Nicobar I.: Campbell Bay, 7.013°N 93.934°E, 13 m, YPT, 22 March 2016; 15 males (ICAR / NBAIR / P4515 – P4529), Andaman and Nicobar Is: Great Nicobar I.: Campbell Bay, 7.013°N 93.934°E, 13 m, YPT, 22 March 2016. Etymology The species is named ‘galathea’, after Galathea, the southernmost Indian river on the east coast of Great Nicobar, the island where this species was collected. The name is treated as a noun in apposition. Diagnosis Chakra galathea sp. nov. resembles C. alexandra sp. nov. The distinguishing characters are given above under the latter species., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1670-1673, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608

Chakra bournei Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7204D423-5B35-407E-A46E-2A40D8A1E4C7 (Figures 4 (a–f), 5(a–b), 23(c)) Female body length = 1.32–1.67 mm (n = 10); male body length = 1.48–1.57 mm (n = 2). Colour Head brown, mesoscutum orange, mesoscutellum black-brown with an orange rim; propodeum orange with a brown border posteriorly; metascutellar spine orange with black lateral markings; T1 orange with red-brown anterior margin; T2 medially yellowbrown, laterally brown-black; T3 anteromedially yellow-brown, laterally and posteriorly brown-black; T4–T6 black; ocelli with black patches on inner margin; radicle, A1–A7 yellow, remaining antennomeres brown-black; all legs yellow-brown, with black apical tarsomeres. Head 1.2× as wide as high, 1.4× as high as long. Setation on head: dense. IOS: 0.6× head width, subequal to eye length. POL> LOL> OOL: 7.4:5.7:4.2. OOL: 1.9× MOD. Compound eye: large (L:W = 19.5:15.1). Sculpture on vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances smooth. Sculpture of frons: entirely with setose protuberances, except for transverse striations medially and on either side of central keel. Central keel: present, 0.2× head height. Sculpture of gena: longitudinally carinate, interspersed with sparse setose protuberances. Facial and malar striae: prominent. Interantennal process: smooth, basally wide and apically narrow. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 20.9:30.6. Setation of mesoscutum: dense. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances smooth. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: laterally foveate. L:W of mesoscutellum: 13.0:18.1 (11.6:19.5). Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances smooth. Setation of mesoscutellum: dense. Sculpture of metascutellum: smooth with longitudinal carinae. Armature of metascutellum: triangular medial spine, 0.4× length of mesoscutellum. Sculpture of metanotal trough: foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: with weak depressions. Posterior propodeal projection: pointed, directed posteriorly. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: smooth, except for setose protuberances dorsally and oblique carinae posteriorly. Pronotal cervical sulcus: not foveate. Netrion sulcus: foveate. Speculum of mesopleuron: transversely carinate. Episternal sulcus: foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: not foveate. Prespecular sulcus: foveate. Mesepimeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesepimeral area: smooth, wider than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of femoral depression: dorsally smooth and ventrally obliquely carinate, with shallow depressions posterodorsally. Mesopleural pit: present. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setose protuberances. Sculpture of metapleuron: posterodorsally obliquely carinate, ventrally with shallow depressions. Metapleural sulcus: foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: weakly foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: weakly foveate. L:W of fore wing: 86.9:29.2. L:W of hind wing: 80.6:14.3. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: absent. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 72.0:34.4. Sculpture of T1: longitudinally costate except for a smooth patch posteriorly. Length of T1: 0.8× the length of T2. Horn on T1: absent. Length of T2: 0.5× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: anteromedially and posteromedially smooth, basal foveae present, remainder entirely costate. Sculpture of T3: longitudinally costate (sometimes with smooth medial patch) and laterally coriaceous reticulate. Sculpture of T4–T6: coriaceous reticulate. Male Similar to female. Shape of antennomeres: elongate. Material examined Holotype. Female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4415), INDIA: Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, Horticulture Research Station (HRS), 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT, 26 June 2015. Paratypes. 3 females (ICAR / NBAIR / P4416 – P4418), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT, 26 June 2015; 5 females (ICAR / NBAIR / P4419 – P4423), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT, 25 November 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4424), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT (weeds), 30 January 2017; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4425), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT (grass), 26 November 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4418), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, MT, 26 June 2015; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4426 – P4427); Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT (spice plot, bay leaf (Laurus nobilis: Lauraceae)), 28 November 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4428), Tamil Nadu: Dindugul, Thandikudi, Regional Coffee Research Station (RCRS), 10.309°N 77.642°E, 1305 m, YPT, 26 June 2015; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4429), Tamil Nadu: Dindugul, Thandikudi, RCRS, 10.309°N 77.642°E, 1305 m, YPT (black pepper (Piper nigrum: Piperaceae) plot), 27 November 2016; 2 females (ICAR / NBAIR / P4430 – P4431), Tamil Nadu: Dindugul, Thandikudi, RCRS, 10.309°N 77.642°E, 1305 m, YPT (coffee (Coffea sp.: Rubiaceae) plot), 29 January 2017; 1 female, (ICAR / NBAIR / P4432) Tamil Nadu: Hosur, Uddanapalli, 12.624°N 77.924°E, 758 m, YPT, 30 December 2015; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4433), Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore, Valparai, Uralikkal, 10.329°N 76.892°E, 1068 m, YPT (weeds), 04 May 2015; 2 males (ICAR / NBAIR / P4434 – P4435), Tamil Nadu: Dindugul, Thandikudi, Regional Coffee Research Station (RCRS), 10.329°N 76.892°E, 1305 m, YPT, 26 June 2015; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4530), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT, 25 November 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4538), Tamil Nadu: Lower Pulney Hills, Thadiyankudisai, HRS, 10.299°N 77.711°E, 990 m, YPT (banana (Musa sp.: Musaceae) plot), 28 November 2016. Etymology The species epithet ‘bournei’ is in memory of Alfred G. Bourne, the distinguished British biologist who served in India for many years and was the second Director of the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. The name is treated as a noun in the genitive case. Diagnosis Chakra bournei sp. nov. resembles C. sanghamittae sp. nov. but differs from it in having a femoral depression that is dorsally smooth and ventrally carinate and by the absence of a central keel on frons; whereas in C. sanghamittae sp. nov. the femoral depression is entirely carinate and central keel is present on frons., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1666-1670, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608

Chakra sanghamittae Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 41523267-6968-4530-94C7-A8AAAFAB36B3 (Figures 20 (a–f), 23(k)) Female body length = 1.85 mm (n = 1). Colour Head brown-black, frons paler than vertex; mesoscutum brown with uneven dark brown patches medially; mesoscutellum and metascutellar spine black-brown; T1 anteriorly, T2– T3 laterally black-brown, remainder brown; remaining tergites black; radicle, A1 brown, A2 black-brown, A3–A7 yellow-brown, remaining antennomeres brown-black; all legs brownyellow with black apical tarsomeres. Head 1.3× as wide as high, 1.4× as high as long. Setation on head: dense. IOS: 0.6× head width, 1.1× eye length. POL> LOL> OOL: 9.1:5.8:4.4. OOL: 1.6× MOD. Compound eye: large (L: W = 20.5:16.0). Sculpture on vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture. Sculpture of frons: with setose protuberances, except for transverse striae medially and on either side of central keel. Central keel: present, 0.3× head height. Sculpture of gena: with setose protuberances interspersed with longitudinal carinae. Facial and malar striae: prominent. Interantennal process: triangular, narrow apically, beak-like. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 25.7:33.2. Setation of mesoscutum: dense. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: narrow, laterally foveate. L:W of mesoscutellum: 13.7:22.3. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture. Setation of mesoscutellum: dense. Sculpture of metascutellum: basally foveate, remainder smooth with longitudinal carinae. Armature of metascutellum: triangular spine. Sculpture of metanotal trough: weakly foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: with depressions. Posterior propodeal projection: pointed, directed posteriorly. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: dorsally with setose protuberances, medially smooth, posteriorly transversely carinate. Pronotal cervical sulcus: not foveate. Netrion sulcus: with depressions. Speculum of mesopleuron: transversely carinate. Episternal sulcus: foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: not foveate. Prespecular sulcus: foveate. Mesepimeral sulcus: foveate dorsally. Mesepimeral area: smooth, narrower than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of femoral depression: obliquely carinate. Mesopleural pit: present. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setose protuberances. Sculpture of metapleuron: dorsally obliquely carinate, ventrally with setose protuberances. Metapleural sulcus: weakly foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: weakly foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: not foveate. L:W of fore wing: 101.8:33.5. L:W of hind wing: 95.0:18.7. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: absent. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 85.9:38.5. Sculpture of T1: longitudinally costate. Length of T1: 0.7× the length of T2. Horn on T1: absent. Length of T2: 0.6× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: basal foveae present, followed by longitudinal costae and smooth patch posteromedially. Sculpture of T3: longitudinally costate medially and coriaceous reticulate laterally. Sculpture of T4–T6: weakly coriaceous reticulate. Male Not known. Material examined Holotype. Female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4531), Tamil Nadu: Yelagiri, Thayalur, 12.578°N 78.662°E, 1111 m, YPT, 15 June 2016. Etymology This species is named after ‘Sanghamitta’, the Indian Emperor Asoka’s eldest daughter, who started the order of Buddhist nuns in Sri Lanka. The name is treated as a noun in the genitive case. Diagnosis Chakra sanghamittae sp. nov. resembles C. bournei sp. nov. The distinguishing characters are given above under the latter species., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1695-1697, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608

Chakra valluvari Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B8563040-2E5A-4EC1-A4DB-24FE635BEDEA (Figures 21 (a–f), 23(m)) Female body length = 1.33 mm (n = 1). Colour Head and mesosoma yellow-brown, posterior margin of mesoscutellum, metascutellar spine and lateral propodeal area red-brown; T1–T2 yellow brown, remaining tergites brown; anterior margin of T1 red-brown; T2 with a wide red-brown transverse band on anterior margin; inner margins of ocelli black; radicle, A1–A2 yellow-brown, A3–A6 brown, remaining antennomeres brown-black; all legs brown-yellow with black apical tarsomeres. Head 1.3× as wide as high, 1.6× as high as long. Setation on head: sparse. IOS: 0.8× head width, 2.3× eye length. POL = OOL> LOL: 8.5:8.5:4.7. OOL: 2.9× MOD. Compound eye: small (L: W = 11.3:7.0). Sculpture on vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with weak rugose sculpture. Sculpture of frons: dorsally with setose protuberances except for weak longitudinal striae above interantennal process. Central keel: absent. Sculpture of gena: with setose protuberances. Facial and malar striae: weak. Interantennal process: wide, narrowing in apical 1/3, beak-like. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 19.6:28.8. Setation of mesoscutum: sparse. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances, with reticulations between protuberances posteromedially. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: weakly foveate. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: wide, entirely foveate. L:W of mesoscutellum: 10.3:19.9. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances with reticulations between protuberances. Setation of mesoscutellum: sparse. Sculpture of metascutellum: smooth. Armature of metascutellum: triangular spine. Sculpture of metanotal trough: weakly foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: with depressions. Posterior propodeal projection: pointed, directed posteriorly. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: dorsally with sparse setose protuberances, remainder smooth except for transverse carinae ventrally. Pronotal cervical sulcus: not foveate. Netrion sulcus: foveate ventrally. Speculum of mesopleuron: transversely carinate, carinae spaced apart. Episternal sulcus: weakly foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: not foveate. Prespecular sulcus: not foveate. Mesepimeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesepimeral area: weakly reticulate, wider than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: absent. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Mesopleural pit: not distinct. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setose protuberances interspersed with sparse transverse carinae. Sculpture of metapleuron: dorsally smooth, ventrally setigerous punctate except for a smooth patch posterodorsally. Metapleural sulcus: weakly foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: weakly foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: not foveate. L:W of fore wing: 79.8:29.2. L:W of hind wing: 72.6:11.4. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: absent. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 59.4:36.3. Sculpture of T1: longitudinally costate, with two oblique carinae sublaterally on anterior margin. Length of T1: 0.8× the length of T2. Horn on T1: absent. Length of T2: 0.4× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: small basal foveae present, followed by longitudinal costae. Sculpture of T3: weakly longitudinally striate. Sculpture of T4: weakly reticulate. Sculpture of T5–T6: smooth. Male Not known. Material examined Holotype. Female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4488), INDIA: Tamil Nadu: Hosur, Uddanapalli, 12.624°N 77.924°E, 758 m, YPT, 30 January 2015. Etymology The species epithet ‘valluvar’ is in honour of Tiruvalluvar, the accomplished Tamil poetsaint of South India who composed the Tirukkural, a secular work on ethics consisting of well over a thousand couplets. The name is treated as a noun in the genitive case. Diagnosis Chakra valluvari sp. nov. resembles C. sarvatra but differs from it in the following combination of character states. In C. valluvari, T3 is longitudinally striate, and the setose protuberances on dorsal frons, mesoscutum and metascutellum are spaced apart; whereas in C. sarvatra T3 is smooth with sparse short carinae anteriorly, and the setose protuberances, mesoscutum and metascutellum are closely spaced., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1698-1700, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608

Chakra pillaiyar Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6318EB9A-195E-4B0D-88D1-BF7DCF059BB2 (Figures 18 (a–f), 19(a–b), 23(j)) Female body length = 2.43–2.69 mm (n = 6); male body length = 2.28–2.39 mm (n = 3). Colour Head and mesosoma golden brown; horn on T1, T4–T6 black, T1–T2, T3 brown; ocelli with black patches on inner margin; radicle yellow; A1 basally brown, remainder yellow; A2–A7 brown; remaining antennomeres black-brown; all legs yellow-brown, with black apical tarsomeres. Head 1.3× as wide as high, 0.9× as high as long. Setation on head: dense. IOS: 0.6× head width, subequal to eye length. POL> LOL> OOL: 14.1:9.7:2.2. OOL: 0.7× MOD. Compound eye: large (L:W = 22.2:15.7). Sculpture on vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with reticulations. Sculpture of frons: smooth, with setose protuberances dorsally, with transverse carinae medially and on either side of central keel. Central keel: present, 0.2× head height. Sculpture of gena: longitudinally carinate, interspersed with sparse setose protuberances. Facial and malar striae: prominent. Interantennal process: smooth, truncate apically. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 32.3:40.7. Setation of mesoscutum: dense. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with reticulations. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: weakly foveate. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: laterally foveate. L:W of mesoscutellum: 12.3:30.0. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with reticulations. Setation of mesoscutellum: dense. Sculpture of metascutellum: rugose. Armature of metascutellum: rectangular lamina with a wide medial notch and lateral margins projecting posteriorly. Sculpture of metanotal trough: weakly foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: rugose, with large depressions posteriorly. Posterior propodeal projection: not pointed, directed inwards. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: anteriorly rugose, dorsally with sparse setose protuberances, medially smooth, posteriorly with sparse oblique carinae and ventrally with weak transverse carinae. Pronotal cervical sulcus: not foveate. Netrion sulcus: foveate. Speculum of mesopleuron: transversely carinate. Episternal sulcus: foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: foveate. Prespecular sulcus: foveate. Mesepimeral sulcus: weakly foveate. Mesepimeral area: smooth, narrower than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Mesopleural pit: present. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setose protuberances. Sculpture of metapleuron: dorsally and ventrally smooth, with setose protuberances anteroventrally. Metapleural sulcus: foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: foveate. L:W of fore wing: 138.8:38.8. L:W of hind wing: 124.4:22.7. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: present. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 160.5:42.1. Sculpture of T1: longitudinally costate, with weak punctae between costae. Length of T1: 0.5× the length of T2. Horn on T1: present. Length of horn on T1: 0.6× length of T1. Sculpture of horn on T1: costate-punctate, with a smooth patch apically. Length of T2: 0.7× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate, with punctae between costae, and a smooth patch posteriorly. Sculpture of T3: medially punctate, remainder longitudinally costate, with punctae between costae. Sculpture of T4–T6: medially weakly reticulate, remainder longitudinally costate. Male Similar to female. Shape of antennomeres: oblong. Material examined Holotype. Female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4489), INDIA: Karnataka: Bengaluru, Jarakabande Kaval, 13.094°N 77.543°E, 921 m, MT, 7 October 2014. Paratypes. 2 females (ICAR / NBAIR / P4490, P4492), Karnataka: Mandya, 12.564°N 76.733°E, 749 m, YPT in ragi (Eleusine coracana: Poaceae) field, 27 July 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4491), Tamil Nadu: Dindugul, Thandikudi, RCRS, 10.309°N 77.642°E, 1305 m, YPT (banana (Musa sp.: Musaceae) plot), 26 November 2016; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4493), Tamil Nadu: Madurai: Agriculture College and Research Institute, 9.968°N 78.203°E, 145 m, YPT, 17 November 2015; 1 female (ICAR / NBAIR / P4494), Karnataka: Chikkaballapur, Nandi Hills, 13.617°N 77.692°E, 1448 m, SN, 10 November 2019; 2 males (ICAR / NBAIR / P4495 – P4496), Karnataka: Chikkaballapur, Nandi Hills, 13.617°N 77.692°E, 1448 m, SN, 4 August 2011; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR / P4497), Karnataka: Bengaluru, CIFA, Hessaraghatta, 13.133°N 77.490°E, 859 m, YPT, 7 July 2014; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR / P4498), Karnataka: Chikkaballapur, Nandi Hills, 13°37′02″N 77°41′34″E, 1448 m, YPT, 4 October 2012; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR / P4499), Karnataka: Bengaluru, Hebbal, 13.027°N 77.584°E, 927 m, PFT, 21 August 2011. Etymology This species is named ‘Pillaiyar’, one of several names of the elephant-headed Hindu deity Ganesha. The name is treated as a noun in the genitive case. Diagnosis Chakra pillaiyar sp. nov. resembles C. pachmarhica. The distinguishing characters are given above under the latter species., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1692-1693, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608

Chakra zvelebili Veenakumari sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AB5FACAA-ECF9-452A-82D2-F2E944C2D7CC (Figures 22 (a–f), 23(n)) Male body length = 1.38–1.51 mm (n = 6). Colour Head and mesonotum black; T1 red-brown with a dark brown transverse band anteriorly, T2 anteriorly and laterally brown, remainder of T2 and other tergites brown-black; all antennomeres brown; legs brown-black except for yellow-brown tarsomeres. Head 1.2× as wide as high, 1.5× as high as long. Setation on head: dense. IOS: 0.7× head width, 2× eye length. POL> OOL> LOL: 9.6:8.8:4.4. OOL: 3.1× MOD. Compound eye: small (L: W = 14.0:8.5). Sculpture on vertex: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with reticulations. Sculpture of frons: entirely with setose protuberances, except for longitudinal striae. Central keel: absent. Sculpture of gena: with setose protuberances, with smooth area between protuberances. Facial and malar striae: prominent. Interantennal process: elongate with setigerous foveae, narrowing apically. Mesosoma L:W of mesoscutum: 21.8:33.1. Setation of mesoscutum: dense. Sculpture of mesoscutum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with reticulations. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: not foveate. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: not foveate. Scutoscutellar sulcus: entirely foveate. L:W of mesoscutellum: 11.8:21.1. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with setose protuberances, furrows between protuberances with reticulations. Setation of mesoscutellum: dense. Sculpture of metascutellum: with uneven depressions and foveae. Armature of metascutellum: triangular spine. Sculpture of metanotal trough: foveate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: with depressions. Posterior propodeal projection: pointed, directed posteriorly. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: dorsally with setose protuberances followed by oblique carinae, medially smooth, ventrally with intricate sculpture. Pronotal cervical sulcus: not foveate. Netrion sulcus: foveate. Speculum of mesopleuron: with two transverse carinae. Episternal sulcus: foveate. Postacetabular sulcus: not foveate. Prespecular sulcus: foveate. Mesepimeral sulcus: with irregular foveae. Mesepimeral area: smooth, narrower than mesepimeral sulcus. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Mesopleural pit: present. Sculpture of ventral mesopleuron: with setose protuberances. Sculpture of metapleuron: dorsally foveate with a medial smooth patch and ventrally unevenly foveate. Metapleural sulcus: foveate. Paracoxal sulcus: foveate. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: foveate. L:W of fore wing: 96.9:38.1. L:W of hind wing: 76.9:13.9. Marginal cilia on posterior margin of proximal fore wing: absent. Metasoma L:W of metasoma: 54.6:37.3. Sculpture of T1: with large basal foveae followed by longitudinal costae. Length of T1: 0.6× the length of T2. Length of T2: 0.6× the length of T3. Sculpture of T2: small basal foveae present, followed by longitudinal costae and smooth patch posteromedially. Sculpture of T3: entirely smooth with sparse setigerous punctae. Sculpture of T4–T6: smooth. Female Not known. Material examined Holotype. Male (ICAR / NBAIR / P4532), INDIA: Himachal Pradesh: Dalhousie, 32.538°N 75.970°E, 2021 m, YPT, 23 September 2014. Paratypes. 2 males (ICAR / NBAIR / P4533 – P4534), Karnataka: Bengaluru, Hebbal, NBAIR, 13.027°N 77.584°E, 927 m, YPT, 27 July 2012; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR / P4535), Karnataka: Bengaluru, Hebbal, NBAIR, 13.027°N 77.584°E, 927 m, YPT, 25 July 2015; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR / P4536), Karnataka: Bengaluru, Hebbal, NBAIR, 13.027°N 77.584°E, 927 m, YPT, 23 July 2015; 1 male (ICAR / NBAIR / P4537), Karnataka: Bengaluru, Hebbal, NBAIR, 13.027°N 77.584°E, 927 m, YPT (on terrace of two storied building) 12 August 2015 Etymology This species is named ‘ zvelebili ’, after Kamil V. Zvelebil (1927–2009), the outstanding Czech scholar of Tamil and Dravidian linguistics and literature. The name is treated as a noun in the genitive case. Diagnosis Chakra zvelebili sp. nov. resembles C. sarvatra but differs from it in having dense longitudinal striae above and smooth area adjacent to interantennal process and with reticulations between the setose protuberances on vertex and mesonotum; whereas in C. sarvatra longitudinal striae are present on dorsal and lateral sides of interantennal process and area between the setose protuberances on vertex and mesonotum is smooth., Published as part of Veenakumari, Kamalanathan, Sreedevi, Kolla & Mohanraj, Prashanth, 2022, Additions to the genus Chakra Rajmohana and Veenakumari, 2014 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India, pp. 1657-1707 in Journal of Natural History 56 (41 - 44) on pages 1700-1703, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2123286, http://zenodo.org/record/7380608