Search

In this paper, we investigate the common narrative in literary history that the inner lives of characters became a central preoccupation of literary modernism – a phenomenon commonly referenced as the “inward turn”. We operationalize this notion via a proxy, tracing the use of verbs relating to inner life across 10 language corpora from the ELTeC collection, which comprises novels from the period between 1840–1920. We expected to find an increase in the use of inner-life verbs corresponding to the traditional periodisation of modernism in each of the languages. However, different experiments conducted with the data do not confirm this hypothesis. We therefore look at the results in a number of more granular ways, but we cannot identify any common trends even when we split the verbs into individual categories, or take canonicity or gender into account. We discuss the obtained results in detail, proposing potential reasons for them and including potential avenues of further research as well as lessons learned.

In this paper, we investigate the common narrative in literary history that the inner lives of characters became a central preoccupation of literary modernism. We operationalise this notion via a proxy, tracing the use of verbs relating to inner life across 10 language corpora from the ELTeC collection, which comprises novels from the period between 1840–1920. We expected to find an increase in the use of inner-life verbs corresponding to the traditional periodisation of modernism in each of the languages. However, different experiments conducted with the data do not confirm this hypothesis. We therefore look at the results in a number of more granular ways, but we cannot identify any common trends even when we split the verbs into individual categories, or take canonicity or gender into account. We discuss the obtained results in detail, proposing potential reasons for them and including potential avenues of further research as well as lessons learned.

Background Discovery systems (DS) harvest metadata from various sources into one central index. This data can be searched through thanks to an intuitive interface, which also redirects users to full-text resources in their native databases. This paper aims at evaluating whether the DS Primo can serve as an alternative to specialized databases subscribed to by BI Norwegian Business School. Research design Various article searches were run in Primo and four databases BI subscribes to. 1200 records were exported to EndNote. The rank order and the source of the records in Primo were kept track of. Some individual records were later checked for metadata. Results Most times, the record describing an article in Primo was not harvested from the article’s native database. When the record source was this native database, subject field’s metadata was identical. Some articles appeared twice due to metadata inconsistencies across harvested resources. Almost all records included one of the subject headings searched for. Keywords were otherwise mostly found in the records’ title. Downsizing being used in various disciplines, unexpected records were retrieved. Conclusions Not all databases are indexed in Primo Central Index, but its size and coverage make Primo a smart choice as a one-stop search engine, if one uses the available narrowing options. It can to a certain extent function as an alternative to specialized databases for other tasks than systematic reviews, such as exploratory searches, or to get a sense of the available content.

In this article we present a prototype of a semantic web-based framework for collecting and sharing user-generated content (reviews, ratings, tags, etc.) across different libraries in order to enrich the presentation of bibliographic records. The user-generated data is remodeled into RDF, utilizing established linked data ontologies. This is done in a semi-automatic manner utilizing the Jena and the D2RQ-toolkits. For the remodeling, a SPARQL-construct statement is tailored for each data source. In the data source used in our prototype, user-generated content is linked to the relevant books via their ISBN. By remodeling the data according to the FRBR model, and expanding the RDF graph with data returned by WorldCat's FRBRization web service, we are able to greatly increase the number of entry points to each book. We make the social content available through a RESTful web service with ISBN as a parameter. The web service returns a graph of all user-generated data registered to any edition of the book in question in the RDF/XML format. Libraries using our framework would thus be able to present relevant social content in association with bibliographic records, even if they hold a different version of a book than the one that was originally accessed by users. Finally, we connect our RDF graph to the linked open data cloud through the use of Talis’ openlibrary.org SPARQL endpoint.

This article reviews the practices of subject assignment by the two main Norwegian cataloging agencies serving the public library domain, Biblioteksentralen and Bokbasen, analyzing 47,235 records representing media cataloged by both agencies, published between 2012 and 2019. In addition to descriptive statistics representing these practices, we apply the Panofsky/Shatford model, previously used in the analysis of artworks and images, to distinguish aspects of these practices associated with levels of meaning. We find that Biblioteksentralen tends to use more abstract terms in their descriptions, while Bokbasen tends to use more general terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Eurasian woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) is a major invasive pest in pine plantations of the Southern Hemisphere. In this study, we aimed to identify pheromone compounds in S. noctilio females, for potential use in lures for pest monitoring and control. An examination of S. noctilio body washes resulted in the identification of a behaviorally active compound, 10‐oxo‐decanoic acid (10‐ODA), that is derived from cuticular hydrocarbons of females. This oxocarboxylic acid is likely produced through oxidative reactions at the cleavage of double bonds of certain female‐produced cuticular dienes. Gas chromatography‐electroantennogram detection (GC‐EAD) analyses showed that only male antennae consistently responded to natural and synthetic 10‐ODA. In olfactometer assays, 10‐ODA alone was attractive to S. noctilio males, although males marginally preferred the combination of 10‐ODA and nonanal, compared with 10‐ODA alone. This suggests pheromonal activity of this compound. However, no wasps were captured in initial field trapping experiments with 10‐ODA and further work is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the search behaviour of online users is among the long-tail practices of Interactive Information Retrieval that helps identify the user information needs. The Interactive Social Book Search (SBS), under the umbrella of Interactive Information Retrieval (IIR), aims to understand the user interactions with book collections and the associated professionally-curated and socially-constructed metadata on the baseline and multistage user interfaces (UIs). This paper reports on the book search behaviour of users by reviewing research publications related to the Interactive SBS published during the last two decades. It presents a holistic view of the overall progress of Interactive SBS by summarising and visualising the experimental structure, search systems, datasets, demographics of participants, and findings to identify the research trends and possible future directions. Based on the collected evidence, it attempts to answer how the search system, user interface (UI), and the nature of tasks affect the book search behaviour of users. The article is the first of its kind that attempts to understand the book search behaviour of users in the context of Social Book Search with implications for usability experts and others working in UI design, web search engines, book search engines, digital libraries, collaborative social cataloguing websites, and e-Commerce applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to gauge the cataloging practices within the public library sector seen from the catalog with Norway as a case, based on a sample of records from public libraries and cataloging agencies. Findings suggest that libraries make few changes to records they import from central agencies, and that larger libraries make more changes than smaller libraries. Findings also suggest that libraries catalog and modify records with their patrons in mind, and though the extent is not large, cataloging proficiency is still required in the public library domain, at least in larger libraries, in order to ensure correct and consistent metadata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, we have witnessed entity profiling (EP) becoming increasingly one of the most important topics in information extraction, personalized applications, and web data analysis. EP aims to identify, extract, and represent a compact summary of valuable information about an entity based on the data related to it. To determine how EP systems have developed, during the last few years, this article reviews EP systems through a survey of the literature, from 2000 to 2015. To fulfill this aim, we introduce a comparison framework to compare and classify EP systems. Our comparison framework is composed of thirteen criteria that include: profiling source, the entity being modeled, the information that constitutes the profile, representation schema, profile construction technique, scale, scope/target domain, language, updating mechanism, enrichment technique, dynamicity, evaluation method, and application among others. Then, using the comparison framework, we discuss the recent development of the field and list some of the open problems and main trends that have emerged in EP to provide a proper guideline for researchers to develop or use robust profiling systems with suitable features according to their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discovery systems (DS) harvest metadata from various sources into one central index. This data can be searched through thanks to an intuitive interface, which also redirects users to full-text resources in their native databases. This paper aims at evaluating whether the DS Primo can serve as an alternative to specialized databases subscribed to by BI Norwegian Business School. Various article searches were run in Primo and four databases BI subscribes to. 1200 records were exported to EndNote. The rank order and the source of the records in Primo were kept track of. Some individual records were later checked for metadata. Most times, the record describing an article in Primo was not harvested from the article's native database. When the record source was this native database, subject field's metadata was identical. Some articles appeared twice due to metadata inconsistencies across harvested resources. Almost all records included one of the subject headings searched for. Keywords were otherwise mostly found in the records' title. Downsizing being used in various disciplines, unexpected records were retrieved. Not all databases are indexed in Primo Central Index, but its size and coverage make Primo a smart choice as a one-stop search engine, if one uses the available narrowing options. It can to a certain extent function as an alternative to specialized databases for other tasks than systematic reviews, such as exploratory searches, or to get a sense of the available content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, we have witnessed entity profiling (EP) becoming increasingly one of the most important topics in information extraction, personalized applications, and web data analysis. EP aims to identify, extract, and represent a compact summary of valuable information about an entity based on the data related to it. To determine how EP systems have developed, during the last few years, this article reviews EP systems through a survey of the literature, from 2000 to 2015. To fulfill this aim, we introduce a comparison framework to compare and classify EP systems. Our comparison framework is composed of thirteen criteria that include: profiling source, the entity being modeled, the information that constitutes the profile, representation schema, profile construction technique, scale, scope/target domain, language, updating mechanism, enrichment technique, dynamicity, evaluation method, and application among others. Then, using the comparison framework, we discuss the recent development of the field and list some of the open problems and main trends that have emerged in EP to provide a proper guideline for researchers to develop or use robust profiling systems with suitable features according to their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No abstract available for this article. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]