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Foreign aid and international development frequently bring with it a range of unintended consequences, both negative and positive. This book delves into these consequences, providing a fresh and comprehensive guide to understanding and addressing them.The book starts by laying out a theoretical framework based on complexity thinking, before going on to explore the ten most prevalent kinds of unintended effects of foreign aid: backlash effects, conflict effects, migration and resettlement effects, price effects, marginalization effects, behavioural effects, negative spillover effects, governance effects, environmental effects, and ripple effects. Each chapter revolves around a set of concrete case studies, analysing the mechanisms underpinning the unintended effects and proposing ways in which policymakers, practitioners, and evaluators can tackle negative side effects and maximize positive side effects. The book also includes personal testimonies, a succinct overview of unintended effects, and suggestions for further reading.Providing a clear overview of what side effects to anticipate when planning, executing, and evaluating aid, this book will be an important resource for students, development practitioners, and policymakers alike.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Current knowledge about the public social welfare sphere is vast, but fragmented. Boundaries defined by geography, language, and culture hinder knowledge exchange globally. In addition, there are not enough opportunities for explorers of the field's two conceptual hemispheres—social policy and social administration-to share insights across disciplinary boundaries. The Oxford Handbook of Governance and Management for Social Policy seeks to overcome these obstacles by applying multiple administrative lenses to diverse social policy issues from around the globe. Authors were carefully chosen by editors based in Africa, Asia, Australasia, Canada and the United States, Europe, and Latin America to detail the challenges facing their regions'social welfare spheres and the ways in which social systems have responded. Each main section of the handbook profiles the state of interdisciplinary knowledge in a geographic region during the decades spanning the turn of the millennium. Sub-sections of the handbook are organized thematically to enable inter-regional comparisons and spark insights across socio-cultural and academic boundaries. The result is a map of the intersection of social policy, governance studies, and public management on the eve of the COVID-19 global pandemic on all six of our planet's continuously inhabited continents. Starting in 2020, the pandemic and related crises forced adaptations to social welfare systems in every part of the world, with implications that may not be understood for generations. Future researchers will describe and measure such changes relative to benchmarks set in the pre-pandemic period, including the rich variety of practices and paradigms collected in this handbook.

Industrialization supported by industrial hubs has been widely associated with structural transformation and catch-up. But while the direct economic benefits of industrial hubs are significant, their value lies first and foremost in their contribution as incubators of industrialization, production and technological capability, and innovation. The Oxford Handbook of Industrial Hubs and Economic Development adopts an interdisciplinary approach to examine the conceptual underpinnings, review empirical evidence of regions and economies, and extract pertinent lessons for policy reasearchers and practitioners on the key drivers of success and failure for industrial hubs. This Handbook illustrates the diverse and complex nature of industrial hubs and shows how they promote industrialization, economic structural transformation, and technological catch-up. It explores the implications of emerging issues and trends such as environmental protection and sustainability, technological advancement, shifts in the global economy, and urbanization.

As a comprehensive resource for readers interested in contemporary security issues in Africa, this compelling book details the impact of complex challenges in Africa and explains why addressing them grows increasingly important.Presenting both general overviews and specific case studies, this book introduces contemporary security issues in Africa, home to more than thirty of the fifty most fragile nations in the world. It covers the past three decades of conflict on the continent, focusing on such topics as weak and failing states, ethnic conflict and civil wars, natural resources and environmental security, political violence and terrorism, piracy and maritime security, food security and poverty, international responses, and future prospects. The core of the book comprises detailed analysis of the nexus between culture, politics, and security in Africa, while the volume as a whole examines key regional and transnational security issues affecting Africa and their implications at the state, regional, and international levels. The book explores the dynamic role that African nations play in influencing international security and investigates and articulates factors heightening the importance of Africa's role in international affairs.

The main objective of this book is to identify the key sources of growth which have played a significant role in Africa's recent robust growth as well as its efforts towards economic transformation. The book assesses to what extent the existing macroeconomic frameworks among African countries have been streamlined to the countries'development priorities in order to achieve long-term growth and economic transformation. Taking into account the diversity of African countries, the authors establish the economic linkages between relevant macroeconomic policy variables and the key sources of growth and development among the selected African economies, based on both theoretical and empirical underpinnings. Following this, an outline of a macroeconomic framework for Africa's long-term growth and economic transformation is suggested.

Pacific island countries face unique challenges to realizing their growth potential and raising living standards. This book discusses ongoing challenges facing Pacific island countries and policy options to address them. Regional cooperation and solutions tailored to their unique challenges, as well as further integration with the Asia and Pacific region will each play a role. With concerted efforts, Pacific island countries can boost potential growth, increase resilience, and improve the welfare of their citizens.

This paper seeks to document key characteristics of small island states in the Pacific. It restricts itself to a limited number of indicators which are macro-orientated - population, fertility of land, ability to tap into economies of scale, income, and geographic isolation. It leaves aside equally important but more micro-orientated variables and development indicators. We show that small island states in the Pacific are different from countries in other regional groupings in that they are extremely isolated and have limited scope to tap economies of scale due to small populations. They often have little arable land. There is empirical evidence to suggest that these factors are related to income growth.

Die Mitglieder der Welthandelsorganisation (WTO) verfolgen seit der IV. Ministerkonferenz von Doha das Ziel, die Bedürfnisse wirtschaftlich schwächerer und am schwächsten entwickelter Staaten in das Zentrum einer'Entwicklungsrunde'zu stellen ('Doha Development Agenda'). Neben den Detailfragen des liberalisierten globalen Marktzugangs ist die zukünftige Behandlung dieser großen Mehrheit der WTO-Mitglieder eines der'Schicksalsthemen'für die weitere strategische und institutionelle Ausrichtung der WTO. Vor dem Hintergrund interdisziplinärer Erkenntnisse aus Entwicklungstheorie, Gerechtigkeitsphilosophie, Wirtschaftswissenschaften und Wirtschaftsvölkerrecht untersucht die vorliegende Arbeit deshalb die Geschichte, Typologie, Wirkungsweise, Rechtfertigung und mögliche Zukunft der WTO-rechtlichen Sonder- und Vorzugsbehandlung von Entwicklungsländern ('special and differential treatment for developing countries'). Auf der Grundlage der Historie des GATT widmet sich die Untersuchung vor allem der erheblichen Erweiterung der Sonder- und Vorzugsbehandlungsvorschriften als Folge der Gründung der WTO-Rechtsordnung seit 1995. Die wichtigsten WTO-Vorschriften des'special and differential treatment'werden zu diesem Zweck systematisiert und übereinkommensspezifisch auf ihre Angemessenheit im'Entwicklungsprozess'überprüft. Bestandteil dieser Analyse ist auch die Frage der normativen Reformbedürftigkeit. Da einige der untersuchten Rechtsquellen, insbesondere die'Enabling Clause', gleichzeitig als Rechtsgrundlage für weitere zielorientierte Maßnahmen zur zwischenstaatlichen Förderung volkswirtschaftlicher Entwicklung dienen, wird außerdem exemplarisch das völkerrechtliche Spannungsfeld zu den individuell ausgestalteten Vorzugsmaßnahmen der EG und der USA vorgestellt. Diese manifestieren sich im jeweiligen Außenhandelsrecht insbesondere in Form von Zollpräferenzsystemen. Den Abschluss der umfassenden Untersuchung bilden einige idealisierte Handlungsvorschläge des Autors zur möglichen Reformierung des WTO-rechtlichen'special and differential treatment'in der Zukunft.

At a pivotal point in the history of the WTO, when development issues are at the heart of negotiations, how the larger and more powerful members address the legitimate concerns of its poorest and most vulnerable members will shape the perception of the institution throughout the century. This book aims not only to document almost ten years of experience of small states with the WTO but also to explain this experience. It takes an evidential theory approach to explaining the features characteristic to the trade and economic development of small island states. It then highlights the issues of concern to these states in relation to negotiations at the WTO. The experience of the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries with the WTO dispute settlement mechanism is discussed, and the book ends with a discussion of key negotiating issues for the island states and institutional arrangements to facilitate reform.