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Sectional physics-based aerosol models imply a computational effort that hinders their use in building digital twins, real-time predictive control, and computer-based iterative optimization versus black-box approaches. The innovation of this paper lies in the proposal of a novel systematic methodology to optimize the number of size bins in sectional reduced-order models for particle concentration simulations. This allows its application in indoor air quality management and overcomes generalizability and data-dependency issues of black-box models. This method, based on k-means clustering, aims to ensure precision when tackling relatively fast fine and ultrafine particle simulations targeting the reduction of time and resource consumption from experimentally-determined aerosol size distribution time series. Consequently, three tests were carried out using combustion aerosols inside a custom-designed emission chamber to simulate emission hotspots in non-commercial and occupational settings. 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-cluster classifications were evaluated for data coming from 13 particle size bins through silhouette analysis and the study of their temporal profiles. Results show that the 4-cluster classification summarizes the behavior of data in the 10–420 nm range, ensuing up to a 77 % improvement in the model's computational demand. Moreover, this method allows an accurate definition of the necessary size ranges to calculate nanoparticle concentrations inside the chamber and facilitates the interpretation of aerosol behavior and processes through the resulting clusters' temporal profiles., This research is part of a LIFE-funded project (LIFE20 ENV/ES/ 000187). It was also supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Project CEX2018-000794-S) and by AGAUR (Project 2021 SGR 00341). Finally, the first author gratefully acknowledges the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya for the financial support of his predoctoral grant FPU-UPC, with the collaboration of Banco de Santander., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

This study examines the conceptions and beliefs entrenched in schools regarding giftedness, which hinder the proper educational development and attention to the diversity of these students. It focuses on the social representations present among university students in preservice teacher. The research adopts a mixed-method approach, utilizing social representations theory through prototypical word analysis, with the participation of 274 individuals. The results reveal that the word “intelligent” prevails in all social representations, while peripheral elements vary and are more related to socioemotional aspects. Academic training stands out as an important element that destabilizes the central core of the representation, offering a more holistic view of the concept. In the collective perception of the investigated group, several myths, stereotypes, and false beliefs are identified. Among them, the belief in the idea that giftedness is innate stands out. Additionally, the stereotype persists that these students always excel in performance and face difficulties in their personal and social adaptation., Este estudio examina las concepciones y creencias arraigadas en la escuela acerca de las altas capacidades, que pueden obstaculizar el adecuado desarrollo educativo y la atención a la diversidad de este alumnado, a través del análisis de las representaciones sociales presentes entre estudiantes universitarios en formación docente. La investigación tiene un enfoque mixto, utilizando para su análisis la teoría de representaciones sociales por medio de un análisis prototípico de palabras, con la participación de 274 individuos. Los resultados revelan que la palabra “inteligente” prevalece en todas las representaciones sociales, mientras que los elementos periféricos varían y se relacionan más con aspectos socioemocionales. La formación académica se destaca como un elemento importante que desestabiliza el núcleo central de la representación, ofreciendo una visión más holística del concepto. En la percepción colectiva del grupo investigado, se identifican varios mitos, estereotipos y falsas creencias. Entre ellos, destaca la creencia en la idea de que las altas capacidades son innatas. Además, persiste el estereotipo de que este alumnado siempre sobresale en rendimiento, y la presencia de dificultades en su adaptación personal y social.

Nos adentramos en el análisis de un derecho relativamente reciente: el derecho a la adaptación de jornada de progenitores y cuidadores. Este derecho ha surgido como una opción a investigar para avanzar hacia una igualdad más efectiva entre hombres y mujeres. Se reconoce que, históricamente, las mujeres han llevado la carga principal de las responsabilidades familiares, lo que ha generado desigualdades en el ámbito laboral y social. El presente trabajo se enfoca en el estudio de la conciliación como una estrategia para abordar las brechas de género, centrándose en la evolución normativa de las fórmulas flexibles de trabajo y la adaptación de la jornada laboral. Se busca entender su efectividad en promover la corresponsabilidad y reducir el abandono laboral, con el objetivo de lograr una mayor igualdad entre hombres y mujeres., We will analyze a relatively recent right: the right to adapt the working day of parents and caregivers. This right has emerged as an option to be investigated in order to move towards more effective equality between men and women. It is recognized that, historically, women have borne the main burden of family responsibilities, which has generated inequalities in the labor and social spheres. This pa per focuses on the study of work-life balance as a strategy to address gender gaps, focusing on the regulatory evolution of flexible work arrangements and the adaptation of the working day. The aim is to understand their effectiveness in promoting co-responsibility and reducing job abandonment, with the objective of achieving greater equality between men and women., Departamento de Derecho Mercantil, Derecho del Trabajo e Internacional Privado, Grado en Derecho

[EN] African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a devastating hemorrhagic disease with worldwide circulation and no widely available therapeutic prevention. The infectious particle has a multilayered architecture that is articulated upon an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived inner envelope. This membrane acts as docking platform for the assembly of the outer icosahedral capsid and the underlying core shell, a bridging layer required for the formation of the central genome-containing nucleoid. While the details of outer capsid assembly are relatively well understood, those of core formation remain unclear. Here we report the functional characterization of pEP84R, a transmembrane polypeptide embedded in the inner envelope that surrounds the viral core. Using an ASFV recombinant inducibly expressing the EP84R gene, we show that absence of pEP84R results in the formation of non-infectious core-less icosahedral particles displaying a significant DNA-packaging defect. Concomitantly, aberrant core shell-like structures formed by co-assembly of viral polyproteins pp220 and pp62 are mistargeted to non-ER membranes, as also occurs when these are co-expressed in the absence of other viral proteins. Interestingly, co-expression of both polyproteins with pEP84R led to the formation of ER-targeted core shell-like assemblies and co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that pEP84R binds to the N-terminal region of pp220. Altogether, these results indicate that pEP84R plays a crucial role in core assembly by targeting the core shell polyproteins to the inner viral envelope, which enables subsequent genome packaging and nucleoid formation. These findings unveil a key regulatory mechanism for ASFV morphogenesis and identify a relevant novel target for the development of therapeutic tools against this re-emerging threat., [ES] El virus de la peste porcina africana es un virus complejo de ADN de múltiples capas que produce una enfermedad altamente letal que actualmente afecta a los cerdos domésticos y salvajes en África, Europa, Asia, Oceanía y, más recientemente, América. A pesar de una extensa investigación, todavía faltan vacunas ampliamente disponibles o cualquier otra estrategia antiviral y quedan por abordar cuestiones relevantes sobre la replicación del ASFV. El presente estudio caracteriza la proteína de membrana viral pEP84R como un componente clave para el ensamblaje del virión. Utilizando enfoques genéticos, bioquímicos y microscópicos, proporcionamos evidencia de que pEP84R actúa como un enlace molecular que une el núcleo interno que contiene el genoma con las capas virales externas. Estos hallazgos amplían significativamente nuestra comprensión de los mecanismos subyacentes a la formación de la partícula viral infecciosa, que pueden ser relevantes para la investigación de vacunas y antivirales.

This article propose a influential network’s capture in the anthologies written after the Council of Trent in the basis of Pedro de Alcocer’s Hystoria o descripcion de la Imperial cibdad de Toledo (printed in 1554) as the principal source of female lives’ formation of women (born before Teresa de Jesus) with reputation for holiness in late medieval Castile or early 16th century. Specifically, those of María García, María de Toledo, Beatriz de Silva and Guiomar de Meneses., Este artículo se propone plasmar una red de influencias en los florilegios compuestos tras el Concilio de Trento, partiendo de la Hystoria o descripcion de la Imperial cibdad de Toledo (1554) de Pedro de Alcocer como fuente principal para la conformación de las vidas de mujeres devotas que gozaron de fama de santidad en la Castilla bajomedieval e inicios del siglo XVI, nacidas antes de Teresa de Jesús. En concreto, las de María García, María de Toledo, Beatriz de Silva y Guiomar de Meneses.

Mercury is a very dangerous toxic metal that bioaccumulates very easily in organisms, and it migrates through the food web. The specimens studied in this study were Scomber colias. In the results obtained for the years 1973, 1992, and 2021, the concentration of mercury has been decreasing considerably over the decades, starting with 0.23 ± 0.04 mg/kg in 1973, and having less than half in 2021 with 0.11 ± 0.01 mg/kg. This may be due to the laws imposed by the countries against pollution and to a greater extent in the elimination of mercury; thanks to these measures it has been possible to reduce the concentration of mercury by half in S. colias. Otherwise, the conservation and availability of historical collections of living beings should be considered an unvalued source of information which could help to monitor legislation measures launched to ameliorate the human impact on the natural environment.

The purpose of this article is to analyse the aggiornamento of Vatican II during Franco’s regime. In particular, the focus of attention is on women religious and their identity crisis after the ecclesiastical call to renewal. In this way, during the council’s years, it is perceived how the nun archetype of nationalcatholicism coexisted with another one promoted by Vatican II, which was characterized by an open position with new models of being a woman and religious. Therefore, the categories of modernity, gender and religion will be interwoven in the study in order to approach the complexity of this process.; El objetivo de este artículo es profundizar en el aggiornamento del Vaticano II durante el franquismo. Especialmente, el foco de interés se centra en las religiosas y el giro identitario que asumieron tras la llamada eclesiástica a la modernización. De esta manera, durante los años conciliares, se percibe cómo el arquetipo monjil del nacionalcatolicismo comienza a convivir con otro impulsado desde el Vaticano II, más abierto y en consonancia con la nueva doctrina conciliar sobre las mujeres y la vida consagrada. Se entrecruzarán, por tanto, las categorías de modernidad, género y religión para un acercamiento a la complejidad de este proceso.

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arbovirus transmitted by the bite of infected Culicoides midges that affects domestic and wild ruminants producing great economic losses. The infection induces an IFN response, followed by an adaptive immune response that is essential in disease clearance. BTV can nonetheless impair IFN and humoral responses. The main goal of this study was to gain a more detailed understanding of BTV pathogenesis and its effects on immune cell populations. To this end, we combined flow cytometry and transcriptomic analyses of several immune cells at different times post-infection (pi). Four sheep were infected with BTV serotype 8 and blood samples collected at days 0, 3, 7 and 15pi to perform transcriptomic analysis of B-cell marker+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD14+ sorted peripheral mononuclear cells. The maximum number of differentially expressed genes occurred at day 7pi, which coincided with the peak of infection. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that genes belonging to virus sensing and immune response initiation pathways were enriched at day 3 and 7 pi in all 4 cell population analyzed. Transcriptomic analysis also showed that at day 7pi T cell exhaustion pathway was enriched in CD4+ cells, while CD8+ cells downregulated immune response initiation pathways. T cell functional studies demonstrated that BTV produced an acute inhibition of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation at the peak of replication. This coincided with PD-L1 upregulation on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as monocytes. Taken together, these data indicate that BTV could exploit the PD1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint to impair T cell responses. These findings identify several mechanisms in the interaction between host and BTV, which could help develop better tools to combat the disease.