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Marmesin, an important coumarin isolated from Broussonetia kazinoki, has been proposed to possess many pharmacological activities including anti-tumor activity. However, the anti-cancer effect of marmesin on esophageal cancer (EC) has not been characterized. The study aimed to explore the anti-cancer role of marmesin using EC cell lines in vitro. Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 and Edu cell proliferation assays and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression of Ki67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, Bax, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphoryrated-PI3K (p-PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and phosphoryrated-Akt (p-Akt). The mechanism of action of marmesin was analyzed using network pharmacology approach. Marmesin exhibited anti-proliferative effect against EC cells, which was further confirmed by the reduced expression of Ki67 and PCNA. Marmesin exerted pro-apoptotic activity on EC cells by downregulating Bcl-2 and upregulating Bax. According to the results from network pharmacology approach, we speculated that PI3K/Akt pathway may participate in the effect of marmesin on EC cells. Additionally, the PI3K/Akt pathway was suppressed by marmesin in EC cells. Moreover, forced expression of Akt reversed the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis induced by marmesin in EC cells. Marmesin exerted anti-cancer activity in EC cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Human heparan sulfatase-2 (HSULF-2) is an oncoprotein overexpressed in the surface of all types of tumor cells and its activity plays a critical role in cancer survival and progression. Our previous studies have shown that bael fruit extract, containing marmesin and marmelosin, inhibits the HSULF-2 activity and kills breast tumor cells, but the mechanism of these processes remains fairly known mainly because the HSULF-2’s 3D structure is partially known. Herein, we aimed at providing an in silico molecular mechanism of the inhibition of human HSULF-2 by phytochemicals from bael fruit extract. Pharmacokinetic parameters of the main phytochemicals contained in the bael fruit extract, sequence-based 3D structure of human HSULF-2, and the interaction of bael fruit’s phytochemicals with the enzyme active site was modeled, evaluated, and verified. Docking studies revealed marmesin and marmelosin as potential inhibitors with binding score -8.5 and -7.7 Kcal/mol; these results were validated using molecular dynamics simulations, which exhibited higher stability of the protein-ligand complexes. Taking together, with our earlier in vitro data, our computational analyses suggest that marmesin and marmelosin interact at the active site of HSULF-2 providing a potential mechanism for its inhibition and consequent antitumor activity by phytochemicals contained in the bael fruit extract.

Plants serve as a vast source for many phytoconstituents that exhibit pharmacological properties. Identification of such types of potential plants is of great significance in medicine. It's a necessity to study the pharmacognostic characteristics of any plant before using it in the field of research and pharmaceutical formulation. Feronia limonia plant is well known for its medicinal properties. Wood apple has antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial and hepatoprotective activity. In India, the fruit pericarp is used as a stomachic, diuretic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardiotonic and tonic to liver and lungs. Fruit pericarp of Feronia limonia contains marmesin and other components. Shell shows anti-fungal activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria because of Psoralen. The fruit shells also contain anti-fungal compounds xanthotoxin, 2, 6-dimethoxybenzoquinone and osthenol. The structure elucidation 1 13 was performed with the help of UV, IR, H NMR, C NMR and mass spectra that confirmed the identity of Marmesin. It is a bioactive component furanocoumarin, which has a variety of pharmacological functions such as anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, antiangiogenic, anticancer and antitumor activities. This article explains all about these things.

A simple and efficient approach has been developed for the preparation of coumarin natural products such as dihydroxanthyletin, xanthyletin, decursinol and marmesin starting from commercially avail...

C20H24O10, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.3728(6) Å, b = 14.3835(14) Å, c = 20.453(2) Å, V = 1874.8(3) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0272, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0558, T = 296(2) K.

Following the publication of the above paper, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that a pair of tumors in Fig. 10 appeared to have been duplicated, although one of the tumors appeared at a larger size in the figure relative to the first one. Furthermore, the flow cytometric plots shown in Fig. 2B in the above paper appeared to be remarkably similar to data presented in a paper published in Phytomedicine [Sui C‑G, Meng F‑D and Jiang Y‑H: Antiproliferative activity of rosamultic acid is associated with induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell migration and caspase activation in human gastric cancer (SGC‑7901) cells. Phyomedicine  22: 796‑806, 2015]. After having conducted an independent investigation in the Editorial Office, the Editor of Oncology Reports has determined that the above paper should be retracted from the Journal on account of a lack of confidence concerning the originality and the authenticity of the data. The authors were asked for an explanation to account for these concerns, but the Editorial Office never received any reply. The Editor regrets any inconvenience that has been caused to the readership of the Journal. [the original article was published in Oncology Reports 39: 597‑602, 2018; DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6147].

Leukemia is one of the highly lethal cancers among all pediatric cancers. With limited drug options and the severe side effects associated with the current chemotherapy, there is pressing need to look for new and novel anticancer agents. Against this backdrop, in the present study we evaluated the anticancer activity of a natural coumarin, marmesin against human leukemia cell line U937 and normal human monocytes It was observed that marmesin exhibited an IC50 value of 40 µM and exerted its cytotoxic effects in a dose-dependent manner. However, the cytotoxic effects of marmesin were comparatively lower for the normal human monocytes as evident from the IC50 of 125 µM. Our results indicated that marmesin inhibits colony formation and induces apoptosis dose-dependently. We also investigated the effect of marmesin on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins. It was observed that marmesin treatment triggered upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2 causing significant increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, marmesin could also induce ROS mediated alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, marmesin induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and significantly inhibited cell migration potential of leukemia cells at the IC50. Remarkably, marmesin prevent tumor growth significantly in vivo at the dosage of 30 mg/kg in vivo. These results strongly indicate that marmesin may prove to be a novel anticancer lead for the management of leukemia.

In the present study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of marmesin, a natural coumarin compound isolated from Broussonetia kazinoki, on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell responses and tumor angiogenesis. Marmesin abrogated mitogen-stimulated proliferation and invasion in both p53 wild-type A549 and p53-deficient H1299 NSCLC cells. These antitumor activities of marmesin were mediated by the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and downregulation of cell signaling-related proteins including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), integrin β1, integrin-linked kinase and matrix metalloproteinases-2. Furthermore, marmesin suppressed the expression and secretion of VEGF in both NSCLC cells, leading to inhibition of capillary-like structure formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the pharmacological roles and molecular targets of marmesin in regulating NSCLC cell responses and tumor angiogenesis.

Feronia limonia Linn. (Rutaceae) have gained traditional therapeutic importance owing to their high essential oil and coumarins content. Marmesin, a furanocoumarin was identified by TLC and isolated by column chromatography and further purified by Preparative TLC. Presently, there is no appropriate TLC based method available for standardization of F. limonia. A simple, sensitive and accurate high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed for the estimation of marmesin in the methanolic extract of stem bark of Feronia limonia. HPTLC was performed on precoated silica gel 60F254 aluminium plates (20 cm × 20 cm) with Chloroform: Methanol (9.5:0.5), as mobile phase. Quantitative evaluation of the plate was performed in the absorption-reflection mode at 338 nm. The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 20 – 100 ng spot–1. The method was validated for precision, repeatability and accuracy. The technique has been applied, for the first time, for the estimation of marmesin. The proposed method was found to be robust, precise, and accurate, it therefore holds potential for detection, monitoring and quantification of marmesin in Feronia limonia and its related formulation.

In the present study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of marmesin, a coumarin compound isolated from Broussonetia kazinoki, on vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)-induced endothelial cell responses in vitro and angiogenic sprouting in aortic rings ex vivo. Marmesin treatment inhibited VEGF-A-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation through down-regulation of cell cycle-related proteins including cyclin-dependent kinases and cyclins, leading to pRb hypophosphorylation and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. In addition, marmesin treatment abrogated VEGF-A-induced endothelial cell migration, invasion and capillary-like structure formation in vitro as well as angiogenic sprouting ex vivo. These anti-angiogenic activities of marmesin were mediated through inactivation of VEGF-A-stimulated signaling pathways, and down-regulation of cell surface signaling molecules including VEGF receptor-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, integrin β1 and integrin-liked kinase. Taken together, these findings clearly support the pharmacological roles of marmesin in regulating angiogenesis, and warrant further evaluation and development as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of angiogenesis-related diseases including cancer.

In parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Mansf.) with no decay prior to storage, the incidence rose to 12% after 1 month of storage at 1°C, and the concentration of +marmesin in leaves decreased from 32 to 4 μg g–1 fresh mass (FM). During that time, the concentration of psoralens increased from 8 to 41 μg g–1 FM. When parsley was treated with GA3 prior to storage, incidence of decay following 1 month of storage at 1°C was 3%, and the concentration of +marmesin was 21 μg g–1 FM. Concentrations of psoralens (psoralen, bergapten, and xanthotoxin) during that time reached 15 μg g–1 FM. Bioassays showed that +marmesin has much greater antifungal activity in vitro than psoralens.

The study tested two parsley (Petroslinum crispum) cultivars, ‘Janet’ (resident) and ‘Hazera’ (susceptible), that differ in their response to the fungus Botrytis cinera Pers. During the 4 days after inoculation with B. cinerea, at 24 °C, concentrations of (+)marmesin in leaves sampled from ‘Janet’ and ‘Hazera’ increased from 17 to 145 μg g−1 fresh weight (FW) and from 8 to 25 μg g−1 FW, respectively. After the 4th day, levels decreased. Incidence of decay (necrotic areas) in ‘Janet’ and ‘Hazera’ leaves 4 days post-inoculation with B. cinerea, at 24 °C, were 4 and 68 mm2, respectively. EC50 values of (+) marmesin for the pathogenic fungi B. cinerea, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) De Bray in vitro were found to be 30, 40 and 25 μg ml−1, respectively. (+)Marmesin levels were highly correlated with resistance.

We used solvent extractions, SiO2 column chromatographies, and HPLC to isolate from the bark of Thanakha (Hesperethusa crenulata L) an active crystalline compound for absorbing UV-A radiation (320 to 380 nm). Analyses of low-and high-resolution FAB-MS revealed a compound, named marmesin, with a formula of C14H14O4 and a molecular mass of 246. To determine its chemical structure, we conducted 300 MMz NMR analyses using various probes,1H,13C, and DEPT13C. Our NMR data showed a structure of 2,3-dihydro-2(1 -hydroxy-1 -methylethyl)-furanocoumarin. This active compound contains UV-absorbing chromophores, an aromatic ring, a double bond at C3-C4, and a carbonyl at C2. Its λmax is 335 nm, indicating that marmesin could be commercially useful as a natural UV-A-filtering product

The title compound, C14H14O4, a linear dihydrofuranocoumarin, was isolated from the bark ofAegle marmelos, a plant widely used in Ayurvedic system of medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The crystal structure was determined from X-ray diffraction data using direct methods. The compound crystallizes into monoclinic space group P21 with unit cell parameters:a] = 5.721(1) A, b= 13.810(1) A, c= 7.864(2) A, β = 100.39(1)°, Z = 2. The structure was refined by full-matrix least-squares to a finalR value of 0.0523 for 1184 observed reflections. The benzopyran moiety is perfectly planar. The dihedral angle between the pyrone and benzene rings is 0.3(1)°. The furan ring has a 2α-envelope conformation. The molecules are linked by O-H…O hydrogen bonds into chains and these chains are linked into sheets by C-H…O hydrogen bonds. Further, the π-π stacking and C-H…π (arene) interactions link all of the sheets into a supramolecular structure.

We show evidences that(+)marmesin, rather than linear furanocoumarins (psoralens), may play the major role in celery resistance to pathogens during storage. (+)Marmesin, the precursor of psoralens in celery, has at least 100 times greater antifungal activity in vitro in the dark than psoralens. Increased susceptibility of celery to pathogens during I mo of storage was accompanied by a decrease in (+)marmesin concentration and a corresponding increase in psoralen concentration. An increase in celery decay was negatively correlated with (+)marmesin concentration and positively correlated with psoralen concentration. After 1 mo of storage at 0 or 2 C, the concentration of psoralens increased from 10 to 136 or 78 μg g -1 fr. wt., respectively, while the concentration of (+)marmesin under the same storage conditions decreased from 33 to 4 or II μg g -1 fr. wt., respectively. Incidence of decay after I mo of storage at 0 or 2 C was 62 or 27%, respectively.