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This article is devoted to the self-identification of precariat representatives. The study on the identity is relevant due to the fact that for precariat, which lives in total instability and uncertainty, such factor of stabilization is much more important than for other social groups. The purpose of the article is to delineate self-identification features of precariat representatives. A cross-methodological approach has been used to achieve this purpose, including: systemic, comparative methods; method of synthesis and generalization of materials presented in the scientific literature on the researched problem. The main defining characteristics of precariat have been disclosed, including the lack of the work-based and occupational identity. It is concluded that the lack of work-based and occupational identity makes it more difficult to form a class consciousness of precariat, which, in turn, impedes the establishment of precariat as a “class-for-itself”. Nowadays, the formation of identity is often replaced with self-branding. Self-branding, however, does not contribute to the formation of stable self-identification that may be helpful in stabilization of social positions and removal of instability and uncertainty. It often leads to replacing people with things they buy and money they earn instead of identification with certain profession. The formation of precariat representatives’ self-identification is important to remove the uncertainty and instability, thus, to solve the problems of anxiety inherent in precariat. The studies on this problem can influence the economic and political spheres. The following studies on self-identification of precariat representatives in Ukraine is also relevant because it can help to understand the specificity of this class and its manifestations in our country.

The article is devoted to the videogame interpretation and the basic hermeneutic approaches to interpretation of videogames. Videogames are complex contemporary phenomenon that differs from other media with its interactivity and specific relations between game and player. The absence of common methodology, especially hermeneutic methodology, makes it hardly possible to deal with the interpretation of videogames and understanding of specific features of interpretation of games by player, spectator and developer. Key concepts of hermeneutics important for the solving the tasks of the article are described. The result of given research is the distinguishing of four basic hermeneutic approaches according to the core concept of understanding the videogame phenomenon: 1) game hermeneutics / hermeneutics in general - without specific core concept (videogame is interpreted without consideration of its interactivity); 2) ludo-hermeneutics - with the game as core concept (videogame is interpreted as a game, but the game is prioritized above player); 3) procedural hermeneutics - with rules as core concept (videogame is interpreted as procedural system; this approach does not consider the importance of player’s actions and possibility of breaking rules); 4) real-time hermeneutics - with interactivity as core concept (videogame is interpreted as interactive system; this approach states the particular role of player and distinguishes it from the role of spectator). The detailed characteristics of mentioned approaches are given. The plurality of interpreters of videogames is mentioned. Not only players, who interpret games with the view of winning, but also spectators and developers can interpret videogames differently because of different positions and influence on interpretation of each other. In conclusion, uncovered field of interpretation and aspects disregarded by previous researches on hermeneutic interpretation of videogames are described.

In given article the philosophical reflection of the game as a special type of social reality with its specific subject-object and subject-subject relations is conducted. In the epoch of digital reality, videogames become the dominant type of games, which has been phenomenalized into a special type of culture. The phenomenon of videogame culture lies in the fact that videogames form a special space and community, specific rules and ethics, create their own unique material and virtual artifacts. Videogame culture has a significant impact on the socialization, worldview and value orientations of the individual.

The article explores the concept of "videogame" as a narrative of modern social and philosophical thought, which considers a video game through the prism of the gaming of social and individual life of a person. It is emphasized that despite the active penetration of videogames into the life of a person, a general concept of a "videogame" has not yet been formed in scientific discourse that would comprehensively cover this phenomenon, reflect its specific features and determine the further directions of research. It is proposed to supplement the concept of "videogames" with the following characteristics: 1) Videogame becomes new cultural phenomenon, one of parts of the mass culture and art of the modern world; 2) Videogame forms not only a virtual world, virtual space. Nearby the virtual space of game forms special society, also in this space can be formed special culture, ethic and morality that modifies real standards; 3) Videogame may be merely game for fun; however, it also can bring some ideas: philosophical, political etc.; 4) Interactive in videogames depends on a genre or platform of the game. "Videogame" concept should include not only indication of interactive, but also capability of levels and variety of interaction between game and player; 5) "Videogame" concept should describe videogame as complex phenomenon that have positive and negative aspects. Emphasizing on one side may reduce concept. It is concluded that the video game will become a new cultural phenomenon, part of the mass and artistic culture of the twentieth century. The expansion of the currently available concept "videogame" can bring closer the formation of a stable scientific concept, which will become the foundation for the development of a scientific discourse on the study of gaming as a general theory of videogames.

This article is devoted to the self-identification of precariat representatives. The study on the identity is relevant due to the fact that for precariat, which lives in total instability and uncertainty, such factor of stabilization is much more important than for other social groups. The purpose of the article is to delineate self-identification features of precariat representatives. A cross-methodological approach has been used to achieve this purpose, including: systemic, comparative methods; method of synthesis and generalization of materials presented in the scientific literature on the researched problem. The main defining characteristics of precariat have been disclosed, including the lack of the work-based and occupational identity. It is concluded that the lack of work-based and occupational identity makes it more difficult to form a class consciousness of precariat, which, in turn, impedes the establishment of precariat as a “classfor- itself”. Nowadays, the formation of identity is often replaced with self-branding. Selfbranding, however, does not contribute to the formation of stable self-identification that may be helpful in stabilization of social positions and removal of instability and uncertainty. It often leads to replacing people with things they buy and money they earn instead of identification with certain profession. The formation of precariat representatives’ self-identification is important to remove the uncertainty and instability, thus, to solve the problems of anxiety inherent in precariat. The studies on this problem can influence the economic and political spheres. The following studies on self-identification of precariat representatives in Ukraine is also relevant because it can help to understand the specificity of this class and its manifestations in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article is devoted to the videogame interpretation and the basic hermeneutic approaches to interpretation of videogames. Videogames are complex contemporary phenomenon that differs from other media with its interactivity and specific relations between game and player. The absence of common methodology, especially hermeneutic methodology, makes it hardly possible to deal with the interpretation of videogames and understanding of specific features of interpretation of games by player, spectator and developer. Key concepts of hermeneutics important for the solving the tasks of the article are described. The result of given research is the distinguishing of four basic hermeneutic approaches according to the core concept of understanding the videogame phenomenon: 1) game hermeneutics / hermeneutics in general - without specific core concept (videogame is interpreted without consideration of its interactivity); 2) ludo-hermeneutics - with the game as core concept (videogame is interpreted as a game, but the game is prioritized above player); 3) procedural hermeneutics - with rules as core concept (videogame is interpreted as procedural system; this approach does not consider the importance of player's actions and possibility of breaking rules); 4) real-time hermeneutics - with interactivity as core concept (videogame is interpreted as interactive system; this approach states the particular role of player and distinguishes it from the role of spectator). The detailed characteristics of mentioned approaches are given. The plurality of interpreters of videogames is mentioned. Not only players, who interpret games with the view of winning, but also spectators and developers can interpret videogames differently because of different positions and influence on interpretation of each other. In conclusion, uncovered field of interpretation and aspects disregarded by previous researches on hermeneutic interpretation of videogames are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]